PBS NewsHour; February 16, 2019 5:30pm-6:01pm PST

>>Captioning sponsored by WNET N ON THIS EDITIOFOR SATURDAY, L:FEBRUARY 16: AN EX-CARDI DEFROCKED FROM THE PRIESTHOOD BY THE POPE. NEW DETAILS ON THE DEADLY SHOOTING IN AURORA, ILLINOIS. AND IN OUR SIGNATURE SEGMENT, HAITI: A NATION IN TURMOIL AND A CTOR WHO IS DEFYING THE ODDS. NEXT ON "PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND."

>> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY: BERNARD AND IRENSCHWARTZ. SUE AND EDGAR WACHENHEIM III. SETON MELVIN. THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN MILY. DR. P. ROY VAGELOS AND DIANA T. VAGELOS. THE J.P.B. FOUNDATION. ROSALIND P. WALTER. BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. CORPORATE FUNDING IS PROVIDED BY MUTUAL OF AMERICA-- EDESIGNING CUSTOM INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS.Y THAT'SE'RE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY: AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING, A NCONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. FROM THE TISCH WNET STUDIOS AT LINCOLN CENTER INEW YORK, HARI SREENIVASAN.

>> Sreenivasan: GO EVENING AND THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. AFTER DECADES OF INVESTIGATIONS AND CHARGES, POPE FRANCIS EXPELLED FORMER CARDINAL AND ARCHBISHOP OF WASHINGTON D.C. THEODOREcCARRICK FROM T CATHOLIC PRIESTHOOD TODAY. THE VATICAN ANNOUNCED THAT AN INTERNAL INVESTIGATION FOGUUND McCARRICTY OF SOLICITING FOR SEX WHILE HEARING CONFESSION AND SEXUAL CRIS INVOLVING MINORS AND ADULTS, "...WITH THE AGGRAVATING FACTOR OF THE ABUSE OF POWER." HE 88-YEAR-OLD McCARRICK IS THE HIGHEST RANKING CATHOLIC OFFICIAL TO BE DEFROCKED, OR REMOVED FROM THE PRIESTHOOLOD. THIS F DECADES OF SEX ABUSE SCANDALS IN THE CHURCH. DEFROCKING MEANS THAT HE CAN NO LONGER CELEBRATE MASS OR OTHER SACAAMENTS. A VASUMMIT TO DISCUSS THE GLOBAL SEXUAL ABUSE CRISIS IS SET TO BEGIN NEXT THURSDAY. WE'LL HAVE MORE ON THIS STORY AND A CONVERSATION WITH FATHER JAMES MARTIN-- AN AU AND EDITOR AT LARGE FOR THE JESUIT MAGAZINE "AMERICA" COMING T UP LATER BROADCAST. POLICE RELEASED THE NAMES OF THE FIVE PEOPLE SHOT AND KILLED AT A MANUFACTURING PLANT IN AURORA, ILLINOIS YESTERDAY. THE FIVE EMPLOYEES KILLED WERE IDENTIFIED AS CLAYTON RKS, A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER; TREVOR WEHNER, A HUMAN RESOURCESSS INTERN; L BEYER, A MOLD OPERATOR; VICENTE JUAREZ, A STOCK ROOM ATTENDANT ANDOSH PINKARD, THE PLANT MANAGER. AUTHORITIES SAID THAT 45-YEAR-WA OLD GARY MARTITERMINATED JUST BEFORE HE OPENED FIRE ON HIS CO-WORKERS. AUTHORITIES ALSO SAID THE SHOOTER-- WHO WAS KILLED AT THE SCENE-- HAD A GUN PERMIT REVOKED IN 2014 DUE TO A FELONY CONVICTION AND SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN IN POSSESSION OF THE HANDGUN USED IN THE SHOOTING. VICE PRESIDENT MIKE PENCE AND GERMAN CHANCELLOR ANGELA MERKEL SQUARED OFF OVER THE U.S. WITHDRAL FROM THE IRAN NUCLEAR DEAL TODAY AT THE ANNUAL MUNICH SECURITY CONFERENCE IN GUSERMAN. PENC STRONG LANGUAGE IN HIS SPEECH TO TOP GLOBAL DEFENSE AND FOREIGN POLICY OFFICIALS DEMANDING THAT EUROPEAN COUNTRIES BACK U.S. SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN.

>> THE TIME HAS COME FOR OUR EUROPEAN PARTNERS TG STOP UNDERMINS. SANCTIONS AGAINST THIS MURDEROUS, NCVOLUTIONARY REGIME.

>> Sreenivasan: E SPOKE AFTER MERKEL USED HER SPEECH TO DEFEND THE DECISION BY GERMANY AND OTHER NATIONS TO REMAIN IN THE 2015 IRAN NUCLEAR AGREEMENT- - SAYING IT IS A WAY TO CONTINUE TO EXERT PRESSURE ON IRAN. THE UNITED KINGDOM, GERMANY, FRANCE, RUSSIA, CHINA, AND THE EUROPEAN UNION ARE STILL PART OF THE AGREEMENT WITH IRAN. IN A SURPRISE ANNOUNCEMENT LAST GHT-THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION PLANNED FOR TODAY IN NIGERIA HAS BEEN POSTPONED. THE COUNTRY'S ELECTORAL COMMISSION SAID IT NEEDED TO DELAY THE VOTE FOR ONE WEEK BECAUSE OF LOGISTICAL AND SECURITY CONCERNS. THE DECISION CAME AS POLLING STATIONS WERE ABOUT TO OPEN. HOURS EARLIER AT LEAST FOUR ACOPLE WERE KILLED WHEN A SUICIDE BOMBER AD A MOSQUE IN NORTHERN NIGERIA. THE ISLAMIC EXTREMIST GROUKOP HARAM CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY. GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS CALLED IT AN ATTEMPT TO DISRU ELECTION. THE U.S. BEGAN USING MILITARY TRANSPORT PLANES TODAY TO DELIVER FOOD, MEDICINE AND SUPPLIES FOR VENEZUELANS TO A BORDER CITY IN COLOMBIA. THE AIRLIFT FOLLOWS ENTS USING CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT AND THE U.S. SAYS MORE SHIPMENTS ARE PLANNED. VENEZUELA'S PRESIDENT NICOLAS MADURO CONTINUES TO BLOCK AID DELIVERY BUT OPPOSITION LEADER JUAN GUAIDO-- WHO THE U.S. AND MA OTHER COUNTRIES RECOGNIZE AS PRESIDENT-- SAYS HE WILL ANNOUNCE PLANS THEBRING T SUPPLIES INTO VENEZUELA ON MONDAY.

>> Sreenivasan: FOR MORE THAN A WEEK THE ISLAND NATION OF HAITI HAS BEEN ROCKED BY SOLTREET CE AS PROTESTERS, ANGRY OVER SOARING INFLATION AND GOVERNMENT CORRUPTION, HAVE DEMANDED THE OUSTER OF PRESIDENT JOVENEL MOIS DEMONSTRATORS HAVE BEEN BLOCKING ROADS, STONING EMERGENCY VECLES AND DESTROYING BUSINESSES. THE U.S. STATE DEPARTMENT HAS RAISED THE TRAVEL WARNING TO THE COUNTRY ADVISING CITIZENS NOT TO TRAVEL THERE AND IS ASKING ALL NON-EMERGENCY U.S. PERSONNEL AND THEIR FAMILIES TO LEAVE. JACQUELINE CHARLES IS THE CARIBBEAN CORRESPONDENT "MIAMI HERALD" AND SHE JOINS US NOW FROM MIAMI. Explain a little bit more about what these protests are about.

>> Reporter: well, these otests are basically about two issues: Corruption and the economic turmoil that is hitting CURRENTLY. THEY ARE POINTING TO AROGRAM FINANCED BY VENEZUELA, IN WHICH HAITI RECEIVED O D AT ACOUNT PRICE FROM VENEZUELA. THEY DIDN'T HAVE TO PAY IT BACKV UNTIR 25 YEARS, AND THEY RECEIVED IT AT 1% INTEREST RATES. T THAT SAVING WAS SUPPOSED TO BE USE FOR SOCIAL PROGRAMS TOAM IORATE THE SITUATION OF THE POPULATION IN TERMS OF HEALTH CARE, CHILDCARE, EDUCATION, YOU NAME IT, AFTER THEE. EARTHQU ALMOST 10 YEARS AFTER THAT EARTHQUAKE, HAITIANS SAY THEY DO NOT SEE WHERE THAT MONEYAS BEEN SPENT, AND TODAY THEY OWE-- THE COUNTRY OWES VENEZUELA ALMOST $2 BILLION. AND WSO FOR MONTHSE HAVE SEEN DE MEDIA ON SOCIAL M AND IN THE COUNTRY DEMANDING TO KNOW WHERE IS THE MONEY, WHERE IS THE PRET ROL MONEY? THE INFLAON RATE IS 15%. AND THEIR LOCAL I CURRENCY A FREEFALL AGAINST A STRONG U.S. DOLLAR. SO THEY HA TODAY WHAT WE'VE SEER A WEEK THEY HAVE HAD THE COUNTRY ON LOCKDOWN-- NO SCHOO, NO BUSINESSES, NOTHING IS MOVING. WHERE IS THIS GOING? WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN NEXT? THAT'S WHAT'S UNCERTAIN, UNCLEAR AT TH MOMENT. Sreenivasan: WHAT IS DAY-TO-DAY LIFE LIKE WHEN MAJOR CITIES ARE UNDWNER LOCK

>> THERE'S ALMOST NO DAY-TO-DAY LIFE. I MEAN, I HAVE BEEN ON THEES PHITH INDIVIDUALS ACROSS EYE COUNTRY, AND THEY TELL YOU THAN'T EVEN GO OUT TO FIND WATER, THAT THEY'RE RUNNING OUT OF BASIC SUPPLIES. THEY DON'T KNOW, IF THEY DARE TO VENTURE OUT, ARE THEY GOING TO RUN INTO LOOTERS? LEE THEY GOING TO HAVE PEOP THROWING ROCKS AT THEIR CARS, BECAUSE THAT'S BEEN HAPPENING. THE HAITIAN NATIONAL POLICE AR THERE. THEY ARE DOING THE BEST THEY CAN, BUT THESE GUYS HAVE BEEN WORKING NONSTOP SINCE FEBR 7.RY WE DO NOT HAVE TODAY UNITED NATIONS NATIONAL PEACEKBEPING FORCUSE THEY LEFT. THERE ARE SOME FOREIGN POLICE UNITS ON THE GROUND, B BASICALLY THIS HAS ALL BEEN IN THE HANDS OF THE HAITIAN GNARL POLICE TO CONTROL.

>> Sreenivasan: HOW F THIS IS MOTIVATE BY THE POLITICAL OPPOSITION? AND WHO IS IMPLICATE IN SOME OF THIS CORRUPTION? IS T PRESIDENT NOW ON THE HK FOR SOME OF THE CORRUPTION THAT HAPPENED, PERHAPS IN THE ADMINISTRATION BEFORE HIM?

>> WELL, YES, THIS PRESIDENT HERE, HE WAS BROUGHT INTO POWER UNDER THE BANNER OF P.H.T.K., THAT IS THE PARTY OF THE FORMER PRESIDENT, AND HIS PAR IS RY WELL IMPLICATED IN THIS CORRUPTION, AS WELL AS PEOPLE WHO ARE AMONG THE ADVISERS TO THE PRESIDENT. EVEN THE PRESIDENT'S FORMER CHIEF OF STAFF. EEE PRESIDENT HIMSELF HAS NAMED IN A REPORT, AN INITIAL REPORT THAT WAS ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT AUDITORS IN TE O HIS COMPANY HAVING RECEIVED SOME OF THIS FUNDING FROM VENEZUELA. BUT I HAVE TO TELL YOU, THERE ARE REAL FRUSTRATIONS AND REALGE IN HAITI, ESPECIALLY BY THE YOUNG PEOPLE. AND WHEN I SAY "YOUNG" I'M TALKING ABOUT INDIVIDUALS IN THEIR 20s, 30s, AND 40s WHO SEE NO HOPE, NO WAY OUT. THEY ARE INCREASINGLY UBBELIEVING IN THE BALLOT BOX. SO THERE'S AN APATHY WHEN IT COMES TO ELECTIONS. EETN THE WOMAN ON THE STR SELLING CHARCOAL, EVERY TIME SOMETHING GOES WRONG SHE SAYS IT'S BECAUSE OF THE PRET ROL. PRICES HAVE GONE UP. THERE IS A BREWING HUMANITARIAN CRISIS. HOSPITALARE NOT HAVING THE SUPPLIES THEY NEED. ASK ONCE THIS IS ALL OVER, QUIET IS, EVEN IF PRESIDENT JOVENEL MOISE DOESN'T LEAVE, WILL HE BE ABLE TO GOVERNHE AND IF OES GO, WHAT IS THE PLAN OF THE OPPOSITION? WE HAVE NOT HEARD ANYTHING FROM THEM IN TERMS OF HOW THEY ARE GOING TO ALLEVIATE THE FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE, WHICH IS THE ECONOMIC CRISIS THAT THE HAITI POPULATION IS ENDURING RIGHT NOW.

>> Sreenivasan: ALL RIGHT, JACQUELINE CHARLES FROM THE "MIAMI HERALD," THANK YOU SO MUCH.

>> THANK YOU. S enivasan: THE CURRENT VIOLENCE IN HAITI IS INCREASING, BUT FOR HAITIANS LIFE MUST GO ON, EVEN IN THE FACE OF DANGEROUS POLITICAL PROTESTS AND PAST NATURAL DISASTERS. LAST MONTH NEWSHOUR WEEKEND TRAVELED TO HAITI ON THE NINTH ANNIVERSARY OFHE 2010 EARTHQUAKE. AND IN TONIGHT'S SIGNATURE SEGMENT, NEWSHOUR WEEKEND'STE IVELICIANO PROFILES HAITI'S UNIQUE RESILIENCE THROUGH THE EXPERIENCE OCTF A ON THE FRONT LINES OF THE COUNTRY'S EVER-CHANGING SOCIAL CRISES AND PUBLIC HEALTH NEEDS.

>> Reporter: IN THE LAST THREE DECADES, THE NEWS OUT OF HAITI HAS MOSTLY BEEABOUT POLITICAL INSTABILITY, DEADLY EPIDEMICS, AND A DEVASTATING EARTHQUAKETE THAT TOOK A QUOF A MILLION HOVES, AND LEFT TWO MILLION LESS. YET IN THAT TIME, THE CHILD MORTALITY RATE WAS CUT IN HALF. LE COUNTRY'S H.I.V. RATE WENT FROM 6.1% IN 1993 S THAN 2% TODAY. AND OVERALL LIFE EXPECTANCY HAS RISEN BY ABOUT TENEARS. MUCH OF THAT SUCCESS IS THANKS TO THE VISION OF A MAN WHO HAS BEEN ON THE FRONT LINES OF EVERY MAJOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL CRISIS IN THE COUNTRY SINCE THE LATE 1970s, DR. JEAN WILLIAM PAPE.

>> HAITI IS A COUNTRY THAT NEED HELP AND IF ITS SO AND DAUGHTERS DON'T DO IT, NODY WILL DO IT.

>> Reporter: BORN AND RAISED IN HAITI, HE GRADUATED FROMWE WHATS NOL CORNELL MEDICINE IN NEW YORK CITY IN 1975, WHERE HE REMAINS A PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE. BUT HE WORKS IN HAITI, WHERE HE RETURNED IN 1979. FROM THEEGINNING, HIS WORK INVOLVED AN IMMEDIATE CRISIS. AS AN INTERNIST WORKING AT HAITI'S STATE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, HE CONFRONTEDE AN INFANTARRHEA EPIDEMIC.

>> THE MORTALITY WAS STAGGERING. IT WAS 44%. THAT IS FOR EVERY 100 CHILDREN ADMITTED, 44 WOULD DIE.

>> Reporter: THE CHILDREN WERE DYING OF DEHYDRATION. TO COMBAT IT, DR. PAPE DEVELOPED AN ORAL REHYDRATION MIXTURE, WHICH HE TAUGHT MOTHERS AT THE HOSPITAL TO PREPARE AT HOME.

>> IT WORKED SO WELL THAT OUR MORTALITY FELL TO LESS THAN 1%. WITHIN ONE HOUR, THAT CHILD WHO WAS DYING WAS AGAIN BACK TO LIFE. SO THEY SAID, YOU'RE DNG SO WELL, WE HAVE ADULT PATIENTS WHO PRESENT WITH DIARRA. CAN YOU OSE THEM? AND TURN OUT TO BE THE FIRST AIDS CASES.

>> Reporter: TO BATTLE HAITI'S FIRST AIDS CASES, PAPE TEAMED UP WITH HIS MENTOR BACK AT CORNELL, DR. WARREN JOHNSON, AND HAITI'S MINISTRY OF HEALTH, TO CREATE GHESKIO, WHICH IS NOW THE SECOND OLDEST RESEARCH INSTITUTION IN THE WORLD DEDICATED TO THE FIG AGAINST AIDS. THE FRENCH ACRONYM MEANS "THE HAITIAN GROUP FOR THE STUDY OF KAPOSI SARCOMAND OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS," AS THE TERM AIDS HAD NOT YET BEEN COINED.

>> PEOPLE WERE DYING WITHIN SIX MONT TO A YEAR. SO IT WAS SCARY BECAUSE NOBODY KNEW HOW IT WAS TRANSMITTED. AND WE KNEW THAT WE WERE ON SOMETHING BIG.

>> Reporter: AIDS WAS SO PREVALENT IN HAITI THAT A MYTH AROSE THAT BEING HAITIAN WAS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE DISEASE. BUPAPE AND HIS TEAM PRODUCED GROUNDBREAKING STUDIES THAT HELPED DISPROVE THE WIDESPREAD NOTION THAT HAITIANS WERE ESPECIALLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO AI. AND EARLY ON, HAITI'S MINISTRY OF HEALTH CLOSED ALL COMMERCIAL BLOOD BANKING AFTER PAPE'S TEAM .ONNECTED BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS IN HAITI TO INFECTION

>> AND I THINK THIS IS TLEHE MOT SIMPORTANT MEASURE WE TOOK EARLY ON TO CONTROL THE AIDS orIDEMIC.

>> Rr: IN THE EARLY 2000s, GHESO BEGAN PROVIDING LIFE-SAVING ANTIRETROVIRAL MEDICINE TO HAITIANS FOR FREE, WITH SUPPORT FROM THE GLOBAL FUND AND THE U.S. PRESIDENT'S EMERGENCY PLAN FOR AIDS RIEF, OR PEPFAR. TODAY, THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION IMPLEMENTS ESKIO'S TREATMENT GUIDELINES FOR H.I.V. IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS AROUND THE GLOBE. T NOT LONG AFTER GHESKIO'S AIDS TREATMENT TOOK OFF, THINGS LITELLY CAME CRASHING DOWN. THE 2010 EARTHQUAKE DESTROYED OR BADLY DAMAGED HALF OF ITS BUILDINGS. FOUR SFF MEMBERS DIED, AND NEARLY EVERYONE LOST A LOVED ONE.US

>> ISAY THE EARTHQUAKE WAS THE TOUGHEST BLOW THAT WE HAD. AND WHAT ENCOURAGED ME IS THAT THE NEXT D, 60% OF OUR STAFF WAS HERE. SO, I ASSEMBLED THEM IN A ROOM. AND I SAID, "LOOK, WE ARE THE FIRST BLACK COUNTRY TO BECOME INDEPENDENT. WE'VE HAD MAJOR CALAES BEFORE. WE OVERCAME THEM. AND WE WILL OVERCOME THIS ONE."

>> Reporter: GHESKIO TREATED MORE THAN 3,000 TRAUMA PATIENTS IMMEDIATELY TER THE DISASTER. IT HOUSED AN ADDITIONAL 7,000 IN A TENT CITY FOR MORE THAN A YEAR. NOT A SINGLE PERSON DIED DURING THAT TIME.

>> WE HAD TO DO A NUMBER OF THINGS, CONTINUING OUR MISSION OF CARING FOR PATIENTS WITH AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS AND R CONDUCTING TEARCH. BUT WE HAD PEOPLE COMING WITH THE WORST WOUNDS YOU'VE EVER SEEN.

>> Reporter: IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE EARTHQUAKE AND SUBSEQUENT CHOLEROUTBREAK, PAPE AND HIS TEAM SAW OPPORTUNITIES FOR INNOVATION.

>> THIS IS A PERFECT EXAMPLTUOF HOW ARCHIT AND HEALTH WORK TOGETHER.

>> Reporter: THEY PARTNERED WITH LOL ARTISANS AND THE U.S.-BASED NON-PROFIT ARCHITECTURE FIRM, MASS DESIGN GROUP, TO REBUILD. A STATE-OF-THE-ART CHOLERA EATMENT CENTER INCLUDES AN UNDERGROUND WASTEWATER SYSTEM.UL AND SINCE TUBEIS THRIVES WHERE THERE IS POOR VENTILATION, THE NEW T.B.REATMENT CENTER FORCES HOT AIR UP AND OUT OF THE BUILDING. AS A PRECAUTION, STAFF AND PATIENTS ARE STILL REQUIRED TO WEAR MASKS.

>> EVERYTHING HAS BEEN CALCULATED. THE WALL IS NOT TOO HIGH SO THAT THE WIND CAN GO THROUGH SO THAT YOU HAVE NO CHANCE OF GETNG TUBERCULOSIS.

>> Reporter: FROM THE START, GRANTS FROM A VAST NETWORK OF BOTH LOCAL AND INTERNATIONALEE FUNDERS HAVEESSENTIAL TO THE RESEARCH AND TREATMENT GHESKIO PROVIDES. DEPUTY DIRECTOR MARIE- MARCELLE DESCHAMPS HAS BEEN WITH DR. PAPE SINCE THE BEGINNING. SHE SAYS MORE THAN HALF OF THE STAFF ARE WOMEN.

>> SO WE ARE THE LEADERS. IT'S A HOLISTIC APPROACH WHERE YOU DEAL WITH DENIAL. YOU DEAL WITH DEPRESSION OF THE PEOPLE, WITH THEIR FAMILY ISSUES, WITH THEIR POVERTY. NAME IT. WE HAVE TO FD A SOLUTION.

>> Reporter: GHESKIO HAS EXPANDED INTO SOCIAL WORK AND EDUCATION. IT HOUSES A PRIMARY SCHOOL THAT SERVES 350 CHILDRE IT ALSO HAS VOCATIONALRAINING, AND SPECIAL PROGRAMSOR WOMEN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED PHYSICAL ABUSE.

>> ( translated ): I CAME TO GHESKIO BECAUSE I WAS A SEX WORKER AND I WAS BEING MISTREATEDG GROUPS OF YON WOULD RAPE AND BEAT US. I FOUND OUT I WAS PREGNANT AND CAME IN FOR A CONSUL. THEY TAUGHT ME WOODWORKING AND NOW I HAVE A PROFESSION.

>> Reporter: BUT THE MAIN FOCUS HASN'T STRAYED FROM GHESKIO'S INITIAL MISSION TO FIGHT AND PREVENT H.V. AND AIDS IN HAITI. MORE THAN 30,000 H.I.V.-INFECTED PATIENTS AT GHESKIO ARE ON EFFECTIVE TREATMENT. AT A DAILY "MOTHERS CLUB," H.I.V.-INFECTED WOMEN RECEIVE COUNSELING TO ENSURE THEY DON'T TRANSMIT H.I.V. TO THEIR CHILDREN. AND THERE ARE WORKSHOPS TEACHING PEOPLE RISK FACTORS ANYMPTOMS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH H.I.V., SH TUBERCULOSIS AND HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRU

>> (translated): I AM PROUD OF ENE WORK THAT I DO HELPING H.I.V. INFECTED PA BECAUSE I MYSELF AM H.I.V. POSITIV

>>E. eporter: ALL OF THIS COMES AT NO COST TO 100,000 PATIENTS A YEAR. THAT'S ESPECIALLY IMPOANT IN HAITI, WITH CLOSE TO 60% LIVING DER THE POVERTY LINE.

>> THEY RESPECT PEOPLE, I GET MY MEDICATION ON TIME. IF I DON'T COME THEY CALL ME ON MY PHONE.

>> Reporter: PAPE HAS RECEIVED NUMEROUS AWARDS, INCLUDING A CLINTON GLOBAL CITIZEN AWARD AND A FRENCH LION OF HONOR. YET, DESPITE ALL OF GHESKIO'S SUCCESS, PAPE BELIEVES DECADES OF STIGMA REGARDING HAITI'S HISTORY OF AIDS AND POVERTY HARMS THE COUNTRY. AND THAT STIGMA MAY SOON BEGIN TO AFFECT U.S. FOREIGN AID TO HAITI. IN 2017, WHEN FERRING TO 15,000 NEW HAITIAN IMMIGRANTS TO THE U.S., PRESIDENT TRUMP SAID "THEY ALL HAVE AIDS." EARLY LAST YEAR, TRUMP INCLUDED HAITI IN A GROUP OF "S-HOLE" COUNTRIES, QUESTIONING WHY SO MANY HAITIANS HAD EVER BEEN PERMITTED TO ENTER AMERICA. SEVERAL MONTHS LATER, THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION ANNOUNCED ITS PLANS TO RESCIND THE TEMPORY PROTECTED STATUS-- OR T.P.S.-- GRANTED HAITI AFTER THE 2010 EARTHQUAKE. IMMIGRATION VOCATES CHALLENGED THE DECISION IN FIVE PENDING FEDERAL LAWSUITS. IF THEY LOSE, CLOSE TO 60,000 HAITIANS IN THE U.S. COULD FACE DEPORTATION THIS SUMMER.

>> IT WOULD BE VERY BAD BECAUSE WE ALREADY HAVE A LOT O UNEMPLOYMENT WE HAVE, AS YOU KNOW, NOWE ARMY. AVE A SMALL POLICE-- 15,000FO 11 MILLION PEOPLE. IT WOULD CREATE MORE CHAOS. THE GREATEST WEALTH OF HAITI RIGHT NOW IS HAITIANS OVERSEAS SENDING REMITTANCE BACK TO THE COUNTRY.

>> Reporter: WHILE THE FUTURE OF T.P.S. IS IN LIMBO, PAPE TD HIS TEAM SY WILL CONTINUE TO TRY TO IMPROVE THE LIVES OF HAITI'S MOST VULNERABLE POPULATIONS.

>> WITH PRIVILEGE, YOU HAVE RESPONSIBILITY. AND THE GREATEST RESPONSIBILITY YOU HAVE IS FOR THE POOR PEOPLE. THEY KNOW WE ARE FOR THEM, WE ARE HERE WITH THEM, AND WE ARE ONE.

>> Sreenivasan: JOINING ME IN THE STUDIO TO TALK ABOUT THE POPE'S DECISION TO REMO FORMER CARDINAL AND ARCHBISHOP OF WASHINGTON D.C., THEODORE McCARRICFROM THE PRIESTHOOD IS THE REVEREND JAMES MARTIN, EDITOR-AT-LARGE, FOR THE MAGAZINE "AMERICA." SO, HOW SIGNIFICANT IS THIS MOVE?

>> IT'S EXTREMELY SIGNIFICANT. IT'S A REAL STUNNING FALLFROM POWER FOR ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL CARDINALS IN THE CHURCH. HE'S NOW NO LONGER A PRIEST. HE'S NO LONGER FUNCTIONING AS A PRIEST. IT'S A PRETTY SEVERE PUNISHMENT.

>> Sreenivasan: HE HAD BEEN DEMOTED, LOST HIS CARDINALSHIP IN JUNE AND ANOTHER STEP IN JULY. WHAT IS THE REAL PRACTICAL IMPACT ON HIS LIFE NOW?

>> HE CAN NO LONGER CELEBRATE MASS. HE CAN NO LONGER CELEBRATE THE SACRAMENTS. HE CAN NO LONGER WEAR A COL IT'S LIKE BEING DISBARRED FAIR LAWYER OR LOSING YOUR MEDICAL LNLS FOR A

>> Sreenivasan: THE RANK AT O ICH THIS IS HAPPENING NOW. WE ARE WALKING IXT WEEK A MEETING ABOUT THIS VERY TOPIC. WHAT IS THE SIGNAL THAT THE POPE IS TRYING TO SEND?

>> IT'S A VERY STRONG SIGNAL THAT NO ONE IS POOF THE LAW IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH. EVEN IF YOU'RE ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL CARDINALS YOU'RE STILL GOING TO HAVESH PUNINTS LEVIED AGAINST YOU. IT'S GOOD THEY DID THIS BEFORE THE MEETING. IT'S A SIGN FROM THE POPE HOW SES THIS.E TAKE

>> Sreenivasan: WHAT IS THE RIPPLE EFFECT, THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CHURCH, WHERE TECHNICALLR SPEAKING IF ANAL CAN BE BROUGHT TO JUSTICE BY THE PAPACY, WHAT DOES THAT SAY TO ALL OF THE OTHER DIOCESES ALL OVER THE WORLD, SAYING, YOU KNOW, THIS IS NOT JUST A MATTER JUST FOR PRIESTS AND JUST FOR BISHOPS HERE?

>> WELL, JUST THAT, THAT NO O IS ABOVE THE LAW. NO ONE IS ABOVE CANON LAW, ONE IS ABOVE CIVIL LAW. AND IF YOU DO CRIMES OR SINS LIKE THIS, YOU WILL BE PUNISHED. IT'S A MOVE TOWARDS GREATER TRANSPARENCY. ANUII THINK, ALSO, HOWKLY IT HAPPENED AFTER THE REVELATIONS CAME OUT, I THINK IS-- IS IMPOANT, TOO. FOR THE VATICAN, THIS IS VERY FAST.

>> Sreenivasan: IN THE ARC OF THE LAST 15, 20 YEARS, WHAT HAS THIS ABUSE SCAL AND ALL OF ITS DIFFERENT CHAPTERS MEANT TO THE CHURCH AND THE LAY PUBLIC?

>> WELL, IT'S BEEN PROFOUNDLY DEMORALIZIOP FOR PE. CERTAINLY THE MOST AFFECTED ARE THE VICTITI, VICSURVIVORS AND THEIR FAMILIES, AND ANYONE WHO KNOWS THEM. BUT EVEN FOR PEOPLE WHO HAVEN'T BEEN TOUCHED PERSONALLY, IT'S VERY DEMORALIZING. NOW, IN 2002, THEY PUT IN CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS, SUCH THAT IF ANYONE IS CREDIBLY ACCUSED IS REMOVED BUT WEONTILL HAVE A WAY TO GO.

>> Sreenivasan: EVEN NOW, YOU LOOK ONLINE, AND YOU SEE HUNDREDS OF PRIESTS, HUNDREDS OF IOCTIMS ROLLING OUT IN CHURCH AFTER CHURCH ANDCESES ALL OVER THE COUNTRY. IT'S STILL HAPPENING. IS THAT, IN A WAY GOOD, THAT IT'S AT LEAST GETTING OUT THERE?

>> IT IS. A LOT OF THESE ARE GOING BACK 50 AND IN THE BROOKLYN DIOCESE, OR0, AND 150 YEARS. IT'S AN ACCOUNTINGUR SINS, BASICALLY. IT'S IMPORTANT TO MOVE AHEAD WITH CONFESSION. IF YOU LK AT THE CATHOLIC MODEL OF CONFESSION, YOU CONFESS YOUR SINS, YOU DO PENANCE ASH THEN YOU'RE FORGIVEN. BUT BEFORE ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN YOU HAVE TO FULLY CONFESS YOUR SINS AND THAT'S PART OF WHAT'S HAPPENING HERE.

>> Sreenivasan: OUR INTERVIEW WITHEVEREND JAMES MARTIN CONTINUES HERE AND ONLINE AT pbs.org/newshour WHAT'S THIS LIKE FOR YOU? REVEREND, THIS IS YOUR CHURCH. THIS IS GOT TO BE DIFFICULT FOR YOU TO KEEP CARRYING YOUR FAITH WHILE YOUTH INSTITUTIO YOU'VE PLEDGED YOUR LIFE TO IS COMING TO TERMS WITH THIS. YEAH, WELL, I ALWAYS WANT TO SAY IT'S HARDER FOR VICTIMS AND SURVIVORS TH ANYONE ELSE.

>> Sreenivasan: CERTAINLY.

>> MY FAITH IN GOD HASN'T CHANGED. IT'S MY SORT OF DISAPPOINTMENT AND ANGER, YOU KNOW, AT CERTAIN PEOPLE IN THE CHURCH, AT ABUSERS, CERTAINLY, SOME OF WHOM I KNOW; AT PEOPLE WHO COVERED THIS U T I THINK IT'S ALSO IMPORTANT TO SAY THIS THIS HAPPENS IN ALL SORTS OF INSTITUTIONS, YOU KNOW, FAMILIES, SCHOOLS, PLACES LIKE THAT. BUT IN THE CHURCH, WHAT WE NEED TO DO IS REALLY ADDRESS IT AND BE SORT OF FORTHRIGHT ABOUT IT, AND BE AS TRANSPARENT AS POSSIBLE. FRANKLY, I REALLY AM IN FAVOR OF THE RELEASE OF THESE LISTS THAT HAS BEEN PPENING THAT'S PRETTY CONTROVERSIAL TROEFERL BECAUSE IT'S NECESSARY FOR TRANSPARENCY. IT'S NECESSARY FOR US TO UNDERSTAND HOW THESE THINGS HAPPEN AND ENABLE US TO MOVE AHEAD AND RECONCILE.

>> Sreenivasan: WHAT ARE YOU LOOKING FOR THIS WEEK? WHAT HUMANS THE CHURCH SURVIVE THIS?

>> THIS-- THIS-- THIS DESIRE TO CONFRONT IT WITHOUT ANY SORT OF FEAR, YOU KNOW, THAT, YOU KNOW, WE HAVE OF THE TRUTH. THE TRUTH SETS US FREE. I MEAN, THA RLLY SHOULD BE KIND OF WHAT WE'RE FOCUSED ON.

>> Sreenivasan: DO YOU THINK THE POPE'S DOING ENOUGH?

>> I THINK THE POPE COULD ALWAYS K DO MORE. I THAT THIS MEETING IN THE LYD OF THIS WEEK IS REAL HELPFUL. IT'S THE HEADS OF ALL THE BISHOPS CONFERENCI. THERE ARE COUNTRY WHERE'S BISHOPS HAVE SAID, "WELL, IT DOESN'T HAPPEN IN OUR COUNTRY," OR "IT DOESN'T NAP OUR PART OF THE WORLD." I THINK ONE OF THE REASONS FOEE THISNG IS TO TEACH, IN A SENSE, THOSE BISHOPS THE FACTS ABOUT SEX ABUSE. SO I THINK THAT'S A REALLY GOOD STEP FORWARD.

>> Sreenivasan: AL RIGHT, REVEREND JAMES MARTIN, THANKS SO MUCH.

>> MY PLEASURE. Sreenivasan: JOIN US AGAIN TOMORROW. WE'LL HAVE A LOOK BEHIND THE SCENES FROM E CO-DIRECTORS OF THE ACADEMY AWARD NOMINATED DOCUMENTARY "END GAME," A FILM THAT TACKLES THE TOUH SUBJECT OF END OF LIFE CARE. THAT'S ALL FOR THIS EDITION OF" PBS NEWSHOUR WKEND." I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. THANKS FOR WATCHING. HAVE A GOOD NIGHT. Captioning sponsored by WNET Captioned by Media Access Groupt BH access.wgbh.org

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>> Pain. It affects hundreds of millions of us.

>> I had terrible tensionfo headachedays on end.

>> There are different times in my life where I couldn't walk.

>> When you have pain, it's always there. going to be colored bying is pain.

>> I've joined forces with therapist d pain management expert Lee Albert. Together, we visit with some people who were in pain, but noe ain-free.

>> So the root cause of many aches and pains in the body is what we call muscle imbalance. The bones are being pulled crooked by your muscle imbalances.

>> We're crooked when we stand, crooked when we walk. sit, we're Our answer is as simple as using yoga poses and targeted And I know this works,