PBS NewsHour; January 21, 2010 7:22pm-8:00pm EST

BOEHNER ID CONGRESS SHOULD START ER.

>> LISTE OUR GOAL IS TO STOP THIS MONSTSITY. AND 'RE WORKING WITH OUR MEMBERS SO THAT WE D'T FIND OURSELVES IN A POSION WHERE EY'RE ABLE TO PICK OFF A FEW OF OUR MEMBERS AND TO GETHIS LL PASSED.

>> Reporter: A WHITE HOUSE SPOKESMAN ID TODAY PRESIDENT OBAMNOW AGREES ON E NEED TO LET THE DUST SETTL BERE TRYING TO CRAFT A HEALTH CARE BILL THAT CAN PASS, POSSIBLY WITH REBLICAN SUPPORT.

>> Sreenivasan: SECRETARY OF STATE HILLARCLINTON TOOK ON INTERNET CSORSHIP TODAY. IN A WASHINGN SPEECH, SHE SINGLED OUT CHINA AND SEVEL OTHER COTRIES. SHE SA THEY HAVE PUT UP BARRIERS TO PORTNS OF THE WEB, ANCENSORED WORDS, NAMES AND PHRASES IN SEARCH RESULT >>OUNTRIES THAT CENSOR NEWS AND INRMATION MUST RECOGNIZE TH FROM AN ECONOMIC ANDPOINT, THERE IS NO DISTINION BETWEEN CENSORING POLITICAL SPEECH AND COMMERCL SPCH. IF BINESSES IN YOUR NATIONS ARE DENIED ACCESS TO EITHETYPE OF INFORMATION, ITILL INEVITABLY IMPT ON GROWTH.

>> Sreenivasan: CLINTON GED CHINESE OFFICIALS TONVESTIGATE RECENT CER ATTACKS ON GOOGLE'S E-MAIL ACCOUNTS. E CHINESE GOVERNMENT INSISTE IT'S TREATING THISSUE AS A BUSINESS DISPUTE WITGOOGLE AND NOT A POLITICAL MAER THAT AFFECTS TIES WITH E U.S. IN PAKISTAN, MILITARY FICIALS ANNOUNCED THEY WILL LD OFF LAUNCHING NEW OFFENSIV AGAINST MILITANTS FOR UP TA YEAR. TH SAID THEY NEED TO CONSOLIDATE THE GAINS MADEINCE LAST SPRG. THE ANNOUNCEMENT CAME DURI A VISIT BY U.S. DEFEE SECRETARY ROBERT GATES. HE MET WITH PRIME MINISTER YUSUF LANI, AMONG OTHERS, AND HE CALLED THE ANTIERROR OPERATIONS A SUCCESSO FAR. RESIDENTS OF SOUTHERN CALIRNIA ENDUREHEAVY RAINS AND HIGH WIS FOR A FOURTH STRAIGHT DAY. MORE THAN 1,200 HOMEIN THE FOOTHILLS AND CANYONS ONG THE N GABRIEL MOUNTAINS WERE UND ORDERS TO EVACUATE, BUT NOT EVERYONE DID. LOCAL OFFIALS SAID SO FAR, FLOODING IS LIMITED,ND NO MAJOMUDSLIDES HAVE BEEN PORTED. BUT THE RISK REMAINED HI. SOME COASTAL COMMUNITIES-- LIKEHIS ONE IN PACIFICA-- BUILDINGS TEETERED ON E EDGE, AS0-FOOT WAVES SMASHED ASHORE. CONAN O'BRIEN AND N.B.C. TELEVISION HAVE AGREEDO PART WAYS PAVING THE WAY FOR JA LENO'S RETURN TO "THE NIGHT SH." THE TWORK ANNOUNCED A $45 LLION SEVERANCE DEAL TODAY. $33 MILLION OFHAT GOES TO O'BRIEN,ND THE REST TO HIS STAFF. HIS LAST SHOW WILL A TOMORROW NIGH BUT HE IS FREE TO RETURN TO TELEVISION INEPTEMBER. LENO TAKES BACK "THE TIGHT OW" REINS STARTING MARCH FIRST. THOSE ARE SOMEF THE DAY'S MAIN STIES. I'LLE BACK AT THE END OF THE PROGRAWITH A PREVIEW OF WHAT YOU'LLIND TONIGHT ON THE "NEWSHOUR'S" WEB SITE. BUT FOR NOW, BACK JUDY.

>> Woodruf NOW, PRESIDENT OBAMA TAKES ON THE BANKSND ROLLOUT NEW PLANS TO CUT THEM WN TO SIZE. THE PRESIDENT OPEN WITH ANOTHER RBAL ASSAULT ON THE TION'S MEGA-BANKS, ACCUSING TH OF TAKING RECKLESS RISKS IN PURSUIOF QUICK PROFITS.

>> WE HAVE TO ENT COMMON-SENSE RERMS THAT WILL PROTECT ERICAN TAXPAYERS AND THE ERICAN ECONOMY FROM FUTURE ISES AS WELL. FO WHILE THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IS FAR STRONGER TODAY AN IT WAS ONE YEAR AGO, 'S STILL OPERATING UNR THE SAME RULES AT LED TO ITS NEAR-COLLAPSE.

>> Wdruff: IN EFFECT, MR. AMA SAID, THE BANKS WANT TO RAKE IN PROFITS WHEN THEIR GALES PAY OFF, BUT THEY WANT TAXPAYERS TO BL THEM OUT WHEN THINGS GO SOUTH. W, HE SAID, IT'S TIME FOR CONGRESS TO ADOPT TWO ADDIONAL MAJOREFORMS. RST, TO REDUCE RISK, HE CALL FOR A BAN COMMERCIAL BANKS OWNING, INVESTG IN, OR SPONSORING HEDGE FUN AND IVATE EQUITY FUNDS. HE'DLSO BAR FINANCIAL INSTITIONS FROM INVESTING NEY FOR THEIR OWN BENEFIT-- REORING CURBS SIMILAR TO THOSE FIRSENACTED IN THE GREAT PRESSION. SEND, THE PRESIDENT SAID HE WANTS LIMIT THE SIZE OF ANY SINGLE FIRM IN THE FANCIAL SECTOR. HE SAIAMERICANS SHOULD NEVER AGN BE "HELD HOSTAGE" BY FIRMS DEEM TOO BIG TO FAIL. JUST A WEEK AG THE PRESIDENT PROSED A FEE ON LARGE BANKS TO COVER SHORALLS IN THE FEDERAL RESCUEUND. TOY, HE ACKNOWLEDGED GETTING ACTION ON HIS REFORMIST WON'T BE EY. WHAT WE'VE SEEN SO FAR, IN RECENT WKS, IS AN ARMY OF INDUSTRY LOBBYTS FROM WALL STREET DESCEING ON CAPITOL HILL TO TRY AND OCK BASIC AND COMMON-SSE RULES OF THE ROAD THAT WOU PROTECT OUR ECONOMY AND THE AMERICAN PEOE. SO ITHESE FOLKS WANT A FIGHT, IT'S A FIGHT I'MEADY TO HAVE.

>> Woodruff: WALL STREET RCTED WITH SELL-OFF IN FINANCIAL STOCKS. AND THAT PULLED E BROADER MARKET SHARPLY LOWER. THE DOW JONES INSTRIAL AVERAGE LL 213 POINTS TO CLOSE BELOW 1090. THE NASDAQ INDEX WAS DOWN MO THAN 25 POINTSCLOSING AT 2,265. HELP US UNDERSTAND THE ADMINISTRATION'S PLAN D THE THINNG BEHIND IT, I AM JOINED BY TREASUR SECRETARY TIMOTHGEITHNER. THANKS VERY MUCH FOR BEINGITH US.

>> THANK YOU, JUDY.

>> Woodruff: SO IF I'M BIG BANK, WHAT DOES THISEAN FOR ME? WHAT CHANGES DO I NEED TO KE?

>> THE PRESIDENT PPOSED TWO SIMPLE PRINCIPLES DAY. WOAN IS BAS WHO HAVE ACCESS TO THE SAFETYET HAVE THE PRIVILE OF BORROWING FROM THE GOVERNMENT IN TIS OF STRESS SHOU NOT TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THAT PRIVILEGE TO BSIDIZE RISKY ACTIVITY THACOULD THREATEN THE SBILITY OF THE SYEM. THE SECOND IS WE WANTO MAKE SURE TT WE DON'T HAVE A SYSTEM IN THE FUTURE WHERE BANKGET TO THE POINT WHERE THEY A SO LAE, THAT THEY THREATEN THE STABILITY OF THE SYSTEM. THOSE ARE TWO SIMPLE PRINCLES. THEY'RE PART OF THIS VY IMPOANT EFFORT WE'RE ENGAGED IN TO TRY TO ENCOURAGEHE CONGRESS TPASS A SET OF FINANCIAL REFORMS THATILL PROVE BETTER PROTECTION FOR SIEWRNDLE EATE A MORE STABLE, SAFER FINANCIAL SYEM.

>> Woodruff: SO W DIFFERENT WOULD E BANKING SECTOR LOOK IF EVERYTHINGOU WANT IS ENACTED?

>> WE WANT TO VE A MORE STABLE SYSTEM THAT DOES A BETTEJOB OF PROTECTING CSUMERS AND MEETING THE NEEDS COMPANIES THAT NEED TO RAISE CAPITALFAMILIES NEED TO BORROW TO FINAN THEIR KIDS' EDUCION. THAT'S OUR BASIC OBJECTIVEN THIS. TO DO, TT WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THE BANKS AREN'T TAKG THE KIND OF RISK THAT WILL THREATENHE STABILITY OF THE SYSTEM REQUIRING A WHOLE RANGE OF IMPOANT REFORMS AND NSTRAINTS. WE MADE A LOOF PROGRESS IN THE HOUSE. BUT WE'RE AT A CRICAL MOMENT IN THE SENATAND WE WANTED TO MAKE SURE AT THIS CRITIC MOMENT AS WE TRY TO MOVE THI FORWARD, WE HAD THE ST SET OF IDEAIN PLACE THAT OFFER THE BEST PROSPECT OF ATRONG SET OF REFOS.

>> Woodruff: SO IN EENCE ARE YOU SAYING BIG BKS NEED TO BE BREN UP?

>> NO, THIS ES NOT PROPOSED AT. WHAT THIDOES IS MAKE SURE WE LIMIT RISK TAKING THAT CLD AFFECT T STABILITY OF THE SYSTEM IN THE FUTURE. >>oodruff: I ASK BECAUSE THERE WATHE CFO OF GOLDMAN SACHS WHO SAID THIIS NOT PRACTICAL FOR TO SEPARATE, FOR EXAMPLE,RIVATE EQUITY FROM THE OTHER WORK WE . WE HEAR OTHER BAERS SAY WE'RE GOING TOAVE TO LAY PEOPLE OFF. IT'S GOING TO HURT O BUSINESS.

>> Y'RE GOING TO HEAR A LOT OF NCERNS FROM BANKERS ABOUT TH AND WE'RE INVOLVEDN A VERY IMPORTANT CAUSE ICH IS TRY TO WORK WITH CONGSS TO PUT IN PLACE RERMS THAT WILL PREVENT THIS FROM HAPPENING AGAIN,ND THAT'S GOING TO REIRE A LOT OF CHANS. BUT OUR PRINCIPAL OBCTIVE IS TO ME THE SYSTEM SAFER AND MORE STABLE SO TT THE ECONOMY, THE AVERE AMERICAN FAMILY, IS NOT VULNERABLE AGA TO THIS. AND, AGAIN, THAT'S GOINGO REQUIRCHANGES IN BEHAVIOR. THE PRESIDENT SAID TODAY-- A YOU'VE HEARD HIM SAY IT-- EN THGH WE'RE TWO YEARS, THREE YEARS INTO THIS EP FINANCIAL CRISE, OUR FINANCIAL SYSTE TODAY IS STILL OPETING UNDER THE SAME RULES THAT HELPED CREATE THIS ISIS, AND WE NEED TO MOVE CONGRESS TO CHANGE TT SYSTEM.

>> Woodruff:ET ME ASK YOU ABOUT ONE PARTICULAR AECT, AND THAT IS BANKS THAT WOULD SEPARATE SOME OF THEIR INVESTMENTPERATIONS. DOES IT MEAN, FOR EXAME, THAT A P. MORGAN, WITHOUT NAMING A BANK, THAT IN ESSENCWOULD HAVE SPIN OFF ITS INVESTMENT OPERATIONS?

>> BANKS WL HAVE SOME CHOICES ABOUT HOW TH COMPLY WITH THIS. IT WILRESULT IN SOME CHANGES AND WE'RE GOING TO WORVERY CAREFUY WITH THE CONGRESS AND GULATORS TO MAKE SURE WE DO THIS IN A SENSIBLE WAY THE BASIPRINCIPLE BANKS THAT HAVE THE PRILEGE OF TAKING ADVANTAGE OF T SAFETY NET SHLD NOT USE THAT TO SUBSIDIZE RISKY ACTIVITY. I THINK IT'S AIMPLE PRINCIPLE. I THINK PEOPLEAN UNDERSTAND TH. AND WE'RE GOING TO DO IT IN CAREFUL, WELL-DESIGNED WAY

>> Woodruf AND WHEN WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE THIS TAKE EFFECT? >>E'D LIKE CONGRESS TO ENACT REFORMS AS QUICKLYS POSSIBLE, AND WE'RE VERY CLOSE N, I THINK. AND WHEN THOSE REFORMS A PUT IN PLACE AND LEGISTED, WE WILL WORK CAREFULLY WITH THE REGULATORS TO PUT OUT THE DETAILED, GUIDANCE TO MAKEE'RE WE GOT THE BALANCE RIGHT >>oodruff: THIS WOULD BE GISLATED AS YOU JUST REFERRE TO. I HEARD A LOT OF COMME TODAY ABOUT HOW MUCH UNCERTAIN THERE IS, THAT THIS LEES THE BANKING SECTOR IN LIO. THEY D'T KNOW WHAT THEY'RE GOING TO LOOK LIKE IA FEW YEARS.

>> THE BANKING SECTOR ISN SUBSTANTLLY STRONGER SHAPE DAY THAN IT WAS REALLY ANY TIME OVER THE LAST TWO AND A HALF YEARS OR SO, MU STRONGER SHAPE DAY. ASOU KNOW, WE HAVE A DEEP OBLIGATION RESPONSIBITY TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE TOAKE SURE WE ARE CHGING THE TYPES OF PRACTICES AND CONSTRNTS THAT HELPED PROCE THIS CRISE. IT IS GOINTO REQUIRE CHANGES GOING FORWARD AND YOSHOULD VIEW TSE AS PART OF A VERY STRO, BROAD PACKAGE OF REFORMS THAT, AGAIN, ARE DESIGNETO MAKE SURE CONSERS ARE PROTECTED AND THE AMICAN ECOMY IS NEVER AGAIN LEFT VULNERABLE TO THIS KD OF CRISIS.

>> Woodruff: A COUPLE QUESTIONABOUT THE TIMING, MR. SECRETY. FORM FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD CHAIRMAN, PAUL VCKER, WHO HEADS UP THE ENOMIC RECOVERY ARD FOR THE PRESIDENT, HE'S PUBLICLY ADVOCATED THIS FOR E LAST YEAR. 'S BEEN VERY OPEN ABOUT IT. HE TOLD REPORTERLAST SUMMER E PRESIDENT HAD SAID NO TO THIS. WHAT CHANGED THERESIDENT'S MIND?

>> I JUST WANT YOUO KNOW I'M RY CLOSE TO PAUL VOLCKER, HA ENORMOUS RESPECT FOR HIMAND THE PRESIDENT AND I HAVE BEE TALKING TOIM ABOUT THIS FOR A LONG PERIOD OF TIME. ANYOU SAW IN THE HOUSE BILL THAT PASSED THE HOUS AND EVEN IN THE DRAFTENATE BILL, A PROVISION THAT WASERY REONSIVE TO PAUL VOLCKER'S IDEAS,ND THIS PROVISION WOULD GIVE T FED THE AUTHORITY TO IMPO THESE TYPES OF RESTRIIONS, EXACTLY THESE TYPES OF RESTRICTIONS. WE THOUGHT IT WAS TIME T PROVIDE A TTLE MORE CLARITY ABOUT WHAT THIS WOULMEAN BECAUSE WE'RE AT THERITICAL MOMENT WHEREE NEED TO MAKE THE LAST PUCK TO G REFORMS THROUGH E SENATE.

>> Woouff: WHY NOT DO IT EARLIER?

>> AGA, WE'VE BEEN WORKING ON THIS FOROME TIME, AND-- BUT HE THOUT NOW WAS THE TIME TO BRING SOME CLARITYO IT.

>> Woouff: AND I ALSO ASK, BECAUSE AS YOU WELL KNOW, THE ARVOICES OUT THERE TODAY SAYING THIS ISARGELY POLITICALLY DRIVEN, TH COMING ON THE HEELS OF E MASSACHUSETTSENATE OUTCOME, REPUBLICAN WON, YOU VE POLLS SHOWG AMERICANS INCREASINGLY UNHAPPABOUT ADMINISTRATION POLICIES, A SENSE TH ADMISTRATION HAS BEEN TOO SOFT ON WITH THE, THAT TH'S REALLY WHAT BEHIND THIS.

>> THAT'S NOT WH'S BEHIND THIS. I'VE REATHAT, I HEARD THAT, BUT THE PRESIDENT ASKED USO WORK ON THIS GOINGACK SEVERAL WEEK WE PROVIDE THESEECOMMENDATIONS TO HIM TWO WEEKS AGO AND, AGAIN, THE TIMING IS IVEN BY THE FT THAT WE'RE AT THIS MOMENTN THIS VERY IMPORTANT CAUSE WE'RFIGHTING, WHICH IS TO GET FINANAL REFORM THROUGH THIS NEXT STAGE OF THEROCESS IN THEENATE.

>> Woodruff: ONEINAL QUESTION YOU HEAR OM REPUBLICANS, IYOU'RE GOING AFTER THBANKS THIS WAY, WHY T ALSO GO AFTER FANNIE MAE A FREDDIMAC, THE GOVERNMENT TERPRISE?

>> OH, WE ARE GOING TO HAVE BRING VERY SSTANTIAL REFORMS TO FANNIE AND FREDDIE, ABSOLUTELY, AND WERE COMPLETELY COMTTED TO THAT AND WE ARE CMITTED TO PROPOSE A DETAILED SET OF FORMBEGINNING THISEAR. I DON'T THINWE'RE GOING TO BE LE TO LEGISLATE THAT-- THAT PROCESS CAN ART UNTIL NEXT YE. IT'S A COMPLICAT THING TO GET RIT. WE ARE COMETELY SUPPORTIVE AND AGREE COMPLETELY WITTHE NEED TO MAKE SURE WE KE A COLD, HARDOOK AT WHAT THE FUTURE OF THOSE INSTITUTIONSHOULD BE IN OUR UNTRY.

>> Wdruff: TREASURY SECRETARIRY TIM, THANKOU VERY MUCH.

>> NICTO SEE YOU.

>> Woodruff: FOR ANOTHERIEW WE TURN TO SCAT GARRT FROM NEW JERSEY, A LEADING REBLICAN ON THE HOUSE FINCIAL SERVES COMMITTEE. HE'S HELPED DRAFT MEMBSHIP OF HIS PARTY'S ALTERNATIV RECOMMENDATIONS R REFORM. THANYOU FOR BEING WITH US. TELL U OVERALL, YOUR TAKE ON THE PRESIDT'S PROPOSALS TODAY.

>> I WANTED TO SAYHAT WAS A FAINATING INTERVIEW. I APPRECIATED SO OF THE QUESTIONS THATOU POSITED AND THE LACK OF ANSWERS ONHE OTHER SIDE OIT. AND ONE OTHER COENT-- I WAS THINKING, YOUR LEAD-IN TO E STORY TALKED ABOUT THEACT THAT THSTOCK MARKET TANKED TODAY. YOU KNOW, WHEN THE FORMEFED CHAIRMAN WAS IN,LAN GREENSPAN WAS IN, THERE WAS A YING BACK IN THOSE DAYS CALLEDHE GREENSPAN PUT. ANY TIME THE F CHAIRMAN SAID SOMETHING, THEARKET SAW THAT AS GOONEWS AND TOOK OFF. WE HAVE JUST THE OPPOSITE TH TH ADMINISTRATION. Y TIME THIS ADMINISTRATION COMES OUT AND SAYS SOMETHI ABOUT WHAT THEY PLAN TO DON THFUTURE, THE MARKET TANKS. AND IT TANKS N ONLY FOR WALL STET BUT FOR THE REST OF AMERICA WELL. I THINK THAT'S VERY TEING AS WHETHER WHERETHIS ADMINISTRATI IS GOING TO BRING US WITH WALL STREET D WELL. Woodruff: WHAT DO YOU THINK THE TANKING OFHE MARKET REPRESTS? WHO DO YOU THINK IS TAING?

>> I THINK IT'S RESPONDING T WHAT THE AINISTRATION IS PROSE. THSECRETARY SAID HE WANTS STABILITY, A YOUD I A YOUD IFEDP WITH A GREATUESTION, SAYING THE RKET LOOKS FOR STABILITY IN THEARKETPLACE, AND WILL THIS DO IS? AND HEISSED THE ANSWER-- OR HE DIDN'T GIVE AN ANSWER. THE MAET WOULD WANT STABILITY IF TY KNOW WHAT THE GAME PLAN IS, TH KNOW WHAT THE RULES ARE TODAY, AND THEY CALIVE WITH THEM AND GO RWARD. WELLWE SAW THE ADMINISTRATION ME OUT EARLY ON IN THIS YEAR THE SPRING OR SUMMER OF IS YEARWITH THEIR WHITE PAPER SAYING THIS IS WHAT WEANT TO DO. I WAS AT T WHITE HOUSE, WHEN THEY ROLLED IT OUT. I GOT A COPYF IT, READ THROUGH IT. TH WAS THE ENTIRE GAME PLAN. WE'VE BEEN WORKING ON TH FROM JUNE, JU, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER, NOVEMR, DECEMBER, ALL THESE MONTHS, AND NOW JU WHEN YOU HAVE A POLITAL ACTION IN MASSHUSETTS, THEY COME OUT WITH A CLARIFICATIONITH BRAND-NEW THGS. HOW DOES THAT BRG ABOUT THE STABILITY THAT T MARKETPLACE IS LOOKING FOR.

>> Woodruff: WE D HEAR HIS RESPONSE TO THOSQUESTIONS ABOUT THE TIMING OF IT. LEME JUST ASK YOU--

>> THE REALLY WASN'T AN ANSWER. HEAID WE'VE BEEN WORKING ON THIS-- YOU RAISETHE RIGHT QUTION ABOUT PAUL VOLCKER, WHY DIDN'T TY PRESENT THIS IDEA BA IN JUNE.

>> Woodruff: WITHOUT REHASNG THE WHOLE INTERVIEW, HE TALK ABOUT THE IMPETUS THE SENATE LEGIATION. LET ME ASK YOUBOUT ONE HALF OF THIS, AND THAT IS ENSUNG THAT NO BANK OWNS, INVESTS INR HAS ANY SPONSORSHIP OF A HGE FUND OR PVATE EQUITY FUND. WHAT ABOUT THAT PART OTHE PROPOSAL?

>> THAT WOULD,BVIOUSLY, PUT THE INS ON THE CURRENT FED CHAIRMAN, AND THIS ADNISTRATION WITH WHAT THEY USE IN ORDERO TRY TO GET US OUT OF THE SUATION THAT WE'RE IN RIGHT NOW, GHT. HAD THR RULES BEEN PUT IN PLACE A YEAR AGO, THEYOULD NOT VE BEEN ABLE TO TRY TO PUSH FOR SO OF THE MERGERS THAT WE DID E ON WALL STREET TO TRY TO BRING US O OF THIS SITUATION. SO THAT'S ONE REAL QUESTION AT WEAVE TO PUT BACK TO THE ADMINISTRATION. WHAT WILL THEY DO NEXT TIME? ANTHE SECOND MAJOR POINT IS THIS-- IWE WANT THE BANKS TO ND-- AND WE ALL DO-- IF WE WANTHE ECONOMY TO EXPAND-- AND WE ALL DO-- DO YOU REALLWANT TO START CONFINING THE BANKSND THEIR ABILY TO MAKE PROFITS IN ORDER TO GENERATE MORE CAPIT TO LEND OUTO THE PEOPLE? AND THAT'S WHAT THE NFRICTIONS WILL NOW DO. Woodruff: AND THE CORE POINT, THOUGH, CGRESS GARRETT THERE, BEHIND THIS-- AND W HEARD SECRETY GEITHNER REFER TO IT AND THE PRIDENT, TOO-- AND THAT IS USING THE SO-CALD SAFETY NET OF GOVERNMENTONEY, THE NKS TURNING AROUND AND USING TH MONEY THAT THEY'VE HAD ACCESS TO AND MAKINGISKY INVESTMES WITH IT TO THEIR OWN BENEFIT.

>> WELL, THAT'S GOOD POINT AS WE. ANTHAT'S WHY WHEN THIS ADMINISTRAON CAME OUT WITH THEIR PACKAGE THIS PASYEAR, WE SAID, YOU KNOW, WHAT YOU'R RELY DOING IS CONTINUING THE BAILOUT MENTALITY. YOU'RE CONTINUING WITH THE LEGISLATION THATAME OUT OF THE COMMITTEE AND OUOF THE HOUSE AND WHAT THEY SUPPORT ALLOW FOR THESE STITUTIONS TO BE BAILED OUT BWHO? BY YOU AND ME,HE TAXPAYER. REPUBLICANS, ON THE OTHER HA, HAD A PROSAL, WE LAID IT ALL OUT FOR THEM-- TY NEVER REALLY ALWED US TO MOVE IT-- THAT SAYS, NOWE NEED TONED THE BAILOUT MENTALITY-- TAAYERS ARE CALLING FOR AT OVERELMINGLY-- AND STOP ALLOWING WALSTREET TO LOOK TO THE TAXPAYERTO BE BAILED OUT. WENT IN AN ENTIRELY DIFFERE DIRECTION TH WHAT SECRETARY GEITHNER IS TRNG TO DO RIGHT HE.

>> Woodruff:ET ME JUST UNDERSTAND, SO GOING FORWARD WOULD YOU AND OTHER REBLICANS SUPPORT THE IDEA OF MAKINGURE A BANK DOES T OWN-- HAVE THE ABILY ANY LONGER TO OWN A PRIVATE UITY FUND OR HEDGE FUND?

>> NO, WE WOULDN'T. AND WE WOULDN'SEE THE NEED FOR IT BECAU WE WOULD NOT SUPPORT THE IDEAF THAT INSTITUTION BEING TOTALLY BAILED OUTGAIN BY THE TAXPAYER. Woodruff: AND THE OTHER HALF OF THIS IS THE IDEA O LIMITING CONSOLIDATION, PUTTG LIMITS ON THSIZE THAT ANY BANK WOULD BE ALLOWED-- THE LARGE BANK-- WOULD BE ALLOWED GROW. >>UN, YEARS AGO, AND NOT T LONG AGO, THE UNITED STAS HAD SO OF THE-- THE MAJORITY OF THE LARGT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN WORLD. NOW WE'VE GONE DOWN TO THE POIN- YOU CAN COUNT THEM ON ONE HAND. WHERE ARE THE ST OF THE LARGE FINANCIAL INSTITIONS? ELSEWHERE THE WORLD. IF WHAT TH ADMINISTRATION SAYS WE'RE GOING TO TIE THEAND EVEN MORE SO WE'RE GOING TO PUT A LIMIT ONHEM, THE SECRETARY ANSWEREDOUR QUESTION BY SAYING, DO Y WANT TO DISMANTLE THEM? HE SHOULD HAVEAID YES BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT THEILEGISLATION ALLOWS T ADMINISTRATION TO DO, TO DISMANT THEM WHEN THEY GET LAER THAN THEY WANT THEM TO BE. WE WL BE UNCOMPETITIVE WITH THE REST OF THE FINANCL MARKETS IN THE WORLD WLD AS WE CONTINUE TO BEO WITH THE POLICIES THEY'VENACT SO FAR-- OR TRIED TO ENACT.

>> Woodruff:O YOU BELIEVE ANY LIT SHOULD BE PLACED ON ESE LARGE MEGABANKS? >>CHUSS THE LIMIT SHOULD BE ON E OTHER SIDE OF THE PAGE. THE LIMIT SHOULD BE THAT THE TAXPAYER SHOULD NOT BE THE AVENUE FOR RECOURSE WHEN THE HAVE PROBLEMS. WHENHE BANKS GROW TO-- OR WHEN THESE FINANCIAL INSTUTION GROW TO SH A SIZE THAT THEY CAN'T SUSTAIN THEMSEES, OR WHAT HAVE YO THEY HAVE PROBLEMS, ECONOMIC PROBLEMS,INANCIAL PROBLEMS, THEY SHOULD NOT ABLE TO LOOK BK TO YOU AND I, E TAXPAYER, TO BE BAILED OUT THAT'S WHERE THE LIMIT SULD BE. YOU PUT THAT LIMIT ON,ND YOU WILLOT FIND YOURSELF SO MUCH IN THE SITUATION TT WE CAME TO TODA

>> Woodrf: HOW WOULD THAT-- HOWOULD YOU ENACT THAT?

>> WELL, WE HAVE-- WE VE LEGIATION THAT WE HAVE PROPOSED. WE DO HAVE THE IA OF, YOU KNOW, A COUNCIL OF REGULATOR OUT THERE, STHE COUNCIL OF REGULATORS C GET ALL THE INFORMATN OUT THEY NEED AND LOOK OVER THE HORINS, WHAT HAVE YOU WE SPORT THAT GENERAL IDEA. WEON'T GO AS FAR AS THE ADMINISTRAON WANTS TO. WE HAVE THIDEA OF SAYING PUT LIMITATIONS ON BAIUTS SO THE BAILOUTS DON'T OUR IN THE FUTURE, SO WE DON'T HA TO SEE AIG SITUATION OR BEAR STRNS SITUATIONS OR FANNIEAE OR FREDDIE MAC WHH IS PROBABLY GOING TO BE MORE MONEYPENT ON THOSTWO INSTITUTIONS THAN THE CONGRESS SPENT OTHE TARP PROGRAM.

>> Woodruff: WE' GOING TO HAVE TO LEAVE THERE. REPRESENTATIVE SCOTTARRETT. WE THANKOU VERY MUCH.

>> I APPREATE THE CHANCE TO BE WITH YOU AGA. THANK YOU.

>> Lehrer: T RAVAGED PEOPLE OF HAITI STRUGGLED ON TODAY-- FACI HUNGER AND DISEASE TER LAST WEEK'S EARTHQUAKE. MORE MASS GRAVES WERE G AND RE AFTERSHOCKS ROCKED PORT-AU-PRINCE. BUT THERE WAS MORE HELP, WH 12,000 U.S. TROOPS NOW ON TH GRND AND OFFSHORE. WEEGIN WITH A PAIR OF REPORTS FROM "INDEPENDENT TELEVISI NE"-- FIRST, JONATHAN RUGMAN.

>> Reporter: U.S. RINES LANDED ON THIHAITIAN BEACH, WEST OF THE CAPITAL, THIS MORNING. THE AMERICANS AREN'T JUST PROTECNG CONVOYS, BUT DISTRIBUTING FOOD ANWATER IN THCAPITAL AND BEYOND. D ALTHOUGH THE HAITIANS AND THE U.N. ARE OFFIALLY IN CHARGE OF TH CRISIS, A NEW REALITY HAS DAED: ONLY A FULL SCALE ARMY CAN LIFT HAITI OF ITS KNEES. AT THE MN AIRPORT TODAY, U.S. ARMY DOCTO WERE HEADING OUT TO A HOITAL SHIP ANCHORED OFFSHORE. ALL THISFFORT IS ONE PART ALTRUISM AND ONE PART INSURI THAT HAITI DOE'T BECOME A FAILED STATE IN AMERICA'S N BACK YARD. BUT IT'S THE ALTISM YOU HEAR. ARE THESE TROOPS GOING TO B DELIVERING AIDOR JUST PROTECTING THOSE WHO ARE DELIVERING AID?

>> I THINK IT'S GOINTO BE A MIX OF BOTH,UT THE MAJORITY OF THEIR OPERATIONS WILL BE DELIVERING AIDHEMSELVES.

>> Reporter: SO IT A CLASSIC HUMANITARIAN AID EFFORWHERE ONLY AN ARMY C BE BIG ENOUGH, AND HA THE SCALE TO DO IT PROPERLY? WELL, AGAIN, BECAUSE IS IS DISASTERELIEF, WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO GET RAPID REEF TO THE HAITIAPEOPLE.

>> Reporter:ANGS ARMED WITH MACHETES ARE BASSING THE BODIES, OURING THE RUINS IN SEARCH OANYTHING THEY CAN EAT OR SELL. AND THOUGH THE LOOTING HASOT TURNED INTO WIDESPAD VIOLENCE, THAT IS STILL THE FE. THE NUER OF HAITI'S HOMELESS CAN ON BE GUESSED AT, BUT TWO HUNDDS OF THOUSANDS CRAMMED INTOEFUGEE CAMPS, WHERE SATATION IS ALMOST NON- EXISTENT. BUT MOST HAITIANS ARE STIL LIVING ISMALL POCKETS ON THEIR OWN STREETS.

>> Reporr: AMERICAN DOCTORS HAVE OPENED THIS FIELD HOSTAL IN PORT-AU-PNCE. AND IT'S AN SIS OF RELATIVE COMFORT, WHEN CTORS OUTSIDE ARE STILOPERATING WITHOUT ANESTHETICS ON IECTED WOUNDS.

>> Woodruff: MORE THAN AEEK AFTER E EARTHQUAKE, HAITIANS ARE TRYING TO T BACK TO THE BUSINESS OF LIVING. BUT THEY'RE DOING IT AMID E RUINS,HE DESPERATE NEED AND THE CONSTANTRESENCE OFEATH. JON SNOW OF "INDENDENT TELEVISIONEWS" HAS THAT REPORT.

>> Rorter: ICE IN PORT-AU- PRINCE. E FIRST SWALLOW OF SOME TINY SENSE OF SURVIVAL. AND SUDDEN, COMMERCE, TOO, ON THE STREET. ADALENE'S FIRSDAY OUT WITH BAGS OF BREADFRU. SHE MAKES A SALE. SHS LUCKY. FOR THE RE, OLD PRODUCE PILES HIGH. HYPERINFLATION IS LARGE. WATER UP 300%. RICE UP 60%. COOKING L-- $10 A GALLON LAST WEEK, $20 THIS. WHERE CE THE MINI-MARKET STOOD, THERE INOTHING. 90% OF SUCH PLES IN THE CITY ARE DESTROYED ORLOSED. IS ANYBODY BUYING?

>> NO.

>> CE ON, COME ON TO SEE THAT.

>> Reporr: IT IS AT THIS MOMENT THAT NADIA PEARS, TO URGE US INTO HEREVASTATED COMMITY. YONEED TOILET, YOU NEED FOOD, YOU NEED WATER.

>> WATER Reporter: HAS NOBODY BEEN HERE?

>> NOBODY, NOBODY ME, ONLY YOU.

>> Reporter: JEAN RODRIG JNS THGROUP, AND HE BECOMES OUR INSTANT NARRATOR.

>> WELL, PSONALLY, WE'RE INTERETERS. THAT'S WT WE DO FOR A LIVING. WE WORK FOR THU.N. I SPEAK 5 LANGUAGES.

>> Rorter: AND ARE YOUR HOUSES DESTROYED?

>> MY HOUSE IS DOWN, THAHOUSE IS DOWN. UNDERNEATH OF THIS HOUSE, WE STL HAVE TWO DEAD BODIES FROM SIX DEAD BODIES WE HAD ALL TOGETHER. 'RE THE ONES THAT MANAGED... WE BURIED THEM THERE AND THE REASON WE BURI THEM THERE WAS THAT THE BODIES GOT DECOMPOSED, YOU KNOW, SO NASTY, THAT THERE WAS NO OTHER WATO TA THEM ANYWHERE ELSE.

>> YES.

>> SO WE MADE A BIG HOLE

>> RIGHT

>> WIFE AND HER HUSBAND. THE HUAND IS A U.S. CITIZEN. THE U.S. CITIZEN DIED,E JUST BUED HIM.

>> Rorter: ARE YOU GOING TO TRY TO STAY HERE, OR A YOU GOING TRY TO MOVE SOMEWHERE?

>> WELL,OVING SOMEWHERE. THE BIG ESTION MARK IS WHERE. BECAUSE, ACTUALLY, NO ERE IN PORT-APRINCE IS SAFE.

>> YES.

>> NHERE IN PORT-AU-PRINCE IS SAFE. LI, I HAVE A PREGNANT WIFE. MY WIFE IS NE MONTHS PREGNANT. YOU KNOW? THERE SHE IS. MY WIFE IS NE MONTHS PREGNANT. AND E PULLED HERSELF OUT OF THE DEBRIS WHEN IT LL, EVERYONE WAS IN IT. MY PREGNT WIFE, MY MOM, THAT'S A U.S. CITIZ, AND MY BROTHER. NOW THIS IS THE TOP FLOOR U'RE LOOKING AT, RIGHT THE. THIS IS THE P FLOOR. NOW THE TOP FLOOR TURNED O TO BE THE BOTTOFLOOR. AND THANK GOD,O BODY DIED.

>> HOW INCDIBLE.

>> THERE WERE SIX PEOPLE UNDERNEA, AND ALL MY FAMILY.

>> Reporter: THEY GOT OUT OM UNDERNEATH.

>> MWIFE GOT OUT FROM UNDERNEATH, OF THE DEBRIS RIGHT HERE Y'RE LOOKING AT.

>> Reporter: THERE IS YOUR WASHING MACHINE.

>> YES, WAING MACHINE, REFRIGERATOR EVERYTHING IS GO. EVERYTHING.

>> Reporter: MY GO HOW DO YOU BEGIN AGAIN?

>> MY WIFE IS GOOD, SHS JUST KIND OF IN DAZE. MAYBE IN AOUPLE OF DAYS. Reporter: WHERE WILL SHE HA THBABY?

>> WE DON'KNOW YET, SIR.

>> Reporter: JEAN RODR AND SOME0 NEIGHBORS NOW SLEEP OUT IN THE OPEN, HERE, A SOLITAR COOKER. BUT ALL AROUND THEM, THETENCH OF DEATH. JEAN RODRIG'S FALY IS STILL LOOKG FOR REMNANTS IN THE HOUSE. BUT FOR THEM, NOTHING WI BE ENOUGH TO REACE THE WORLD THE EARTHQUAKE LEFT BEHIND.

>> Lehrer: MARGARET WARNERPOKE A SHORT ME AGO TO MARTIN SMITH OF OUR P.B.S PARTNER, RONTLINE." HE IS IN PORT-AU-PNCE.

>> Warner: MARTIN SMIT THE TWO PIECESE SAW FROM ITN SUGGES IT'S A REAL PATCHWORK DOWN THERE NOW IN TERMS OF W IS GETTING AID AND WHO I'T. IS THAT AT YOU'RE FINDIN

>> Reporter: IT IS. IT CERTAINLY IS NOT COORNATED. PEOPLE GETTING IT E GETTING IT IN SPITE OEFFORTS TO COORDINATE THE AID. I JUST CAME FROM AOSPITAL WHERE EVERYBODY HAD BEEN MED INTO THE COUYARD BECAUSE OF THE LASTARTHQUAKE, THE TREMORS THAT HAPPENED STERDAY, AFRAID TO STAY THE BILLION. D EVERYBODY THERE COMPLAINED NEWBORN BABIES HAD NO RMULA. NOBODY HAD THE RIG SPLIEDZ, AND FURTHERMORE, IT WA'T COORDINATED. I WAS IN REFEE CAMP WHERE'S THERE WERE COMPLAINTS THEYAD NO WER, THEY WERE DRINKING BAD WATEAND GETTING DISINTERY. DOWNTOWN YESTERDAY, THLOOTING WAS RAMPANT. OBVIOUSLY, THOSE PEOPLE ARE STRO ENOUGH AND GETTING SOME WATER OR THEY WOULDN'T BE AB TO LOOT AS THEY ARE. SO IT'S HARD TO OW WHERE THE AID . YOU DON'T SEE AID BEING DISTRIBUTED THE STREETS-- OR WE HAVEN'T SEEN IT IN THE YS WE'VE BEEN A AROUND THE AREA.

>> Warne WHAT ABOUT IN THE REFUGEE CAMPS? IS THERE A AID DISTRIBUTION SET UP THERE? WE SAW--E'VE SEEN FOOTAGE OF A NT CITY, I GUESS, OUT ON A GOLF COURSE, WHE THE U.S. LITARY DOES SEEM TO BE GIVIN OUT AID.

>> Repter: THERE ARE PLACES, I'M TOLD, D I KNOW FROM TAING TO PEOPLE IN REFUGEE CAMPS, IN ESE TENT CITIES, THAT WATER TRUCKS DO COME BY AND I DISEE ONE WATER TRUCK IN A NEIGHBORHO DELIVERING WATER, PEOPLE LINED UP GETTINTHEIR CANS FILLED UP WITWATER. I HAVEN'SEEN FOOD BEING STRIBUTED. NOW, I SHOD SAY THAT YOU DO SEE THE MARKETS COMI BACK TO LIFE. AND PEOPLE BUYING,F THEY HAVE MONE- MANY PEOPLE SAY THEY HAVE MONEY BUT IT'IN THE BANK. THEY CAN'TET IT OUT OF THE BANKS BECAUSE THE BANKARE EITHER COLLAPSED OR CLOSED AS YOU SAY, IT'S A PATCHWO. IT'S HARD KNOW HOW TO MAKE DO. PEOPLERE GETTING FOOD, SHARING FOOD WITH NEIGHBOR BUT RIGHT NOW, EVERYBO THAT I SPOKE TO, EVEN PEOPLE INHE MILITARY AND DOCTORS COMPLAIN ABOUT THE LACK OF COORDINAON.

>> Warner: ONE OF THE EAY OBACLES TO DELIVERING THE AID, WE WERE TOLD BY U. OFFICIALS, WAS JUST ALL T DEBRIS THAT WAS IN THE STREE. IT WAS SO HARD TO GEDELIVERY VEHICLESUT. HAS ANY OF THAT BEENLEARED AWAY? ARE THE STREETS MORE PASSABL >>eporter: THE ONE THING YOU DO SEE IGARBAGE TRUCKS PICKING UP SOME OF THE LIGHTERRASH ON THE STRES. WE'VE SEEN A F OF THOSE. AND YOU SEE QUITE A FEOF THE BIG CKHOES, IF YOU WILL, AND CRANES A BULLDOZERS PICKING UP LARGE AMOUS OF RUBBLE AND CLEARING STREETS. WE FOUND MOST OF THETREETS PASSABLE. SOMETIMES A BUILDING HAS COLLAPSED ANBLOCKED HALF OF THE STREET, CAING TRAFFIC JAMS BUT FOR THE MOST PART, THAWORK IS GOINGN.

>> Warner: N YOU MENTIONED LOOTAND THAT YOU OBSERVED THE LOOTING. IS THERE ANY SIGN OF LAW ENFORCEMENT, WHETHER HAIAN OR INTERNIONAL FORCES, AND ARE THEY DOINGNYTHING TO CONTROL IT?

>> Reporter:OU KNOW, I'VE COVERED A LOT OF CFLICT ZONES, D I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING QUITE LIKE WE W ON THE STREETS DOWNTOWN YESTERD. AND, APPENTLY, IT'S GOTTEN WORSE DAY DAY. THE LOOTING WAS-- ITAS A FREE-FOR-ALL THE COPS, THE POLI WERE THERE. I TALKED TO TH. THEY SAID, "OK, WE CAN'T DO YTHING ABOUT THIS. WE CAN FIROUR RIFLES INTO THE AIR IF WE WA TO DISBURSE THE CROWD BUT IT'S TEMPORARY." I SAID, "DOETHE COMMANDER GIVE U ORDERS OF WHAT TO DO?" "NO." NOR WATHERE ANY PRESENCE OF MANES OR SOLDIERS OR OF U.N. FOLKS THERE. E LOOTING WAS-- IT WAS JUST WI FREE-FOR-ALL, WITH CORPSES STILL LYING IN THE STREETS, PEOPLE SPPING OVER THEM WITH BOXES. IT'S HARD TO IMAGINE THE HROR OF IT, BUT IT WASOMETHING LIKE I'VE NEVER SEEN BEFORE.

>> Warner: FINAL, MARTIN. WHAT ABO THE CORPSES? AT ABOUT ALL THESE DEAD BODIES, TENS OF THOUSANDS OF THEM? WHAT IS HAPPENING THEM AND WHO'S DOING ?

>> Reporter: WE WANT TO GET A HANDLE ON THIS, OTHER JOURNALIS HAVE, IF ANYBODY IS COUNTING HOWANY BODY THRRS. WE WENT OUT TO THE DP, NORTH OF-- OUTSIDE OF TOWN, AND THE TH'VE DUG A LOT OF MASS GRAVES, AND THTRUCKS COME IN, YOU OW, SEVERAL AN HOUR, DUMPING RUBBLE ANDIXED INTO AT RUBBLE ARE BODIES. WE SAW TM DUMPING THOSE DIES. WE SAW THEM PICKING UP THE RUBBLE ON THE STREET WITH TH BODIESN IT. BUT THERE'S NODY AT THAT CENTRAL POINT THAT'S COUNTG THOSE BODIES, AND NCE TRUCKS ARCOMING FROM ALL OVER PORT-AU-PRINCE AND THE SURROUNDING AREA A UP AND DOWN THE UTH COAST, IF NOBODY'S AT THAT CTRAL POINT WHERE THE BODIES A BEING DUMPED, THERE'S NOBODY TT CAN REALLY HAVE A HANDLE ON EXACTLY HOW MANY OPLE HAVE DIED.

>> Warner: MTIN SMITH OF "FRONTLINE" THANK YO YOU.

>> Reporter: THANK Y, MARGARET.

>> Lehrer: CORRECTION TO ONE OF OUR HAITIISCUSSIONS EARLIER IS WEEK. ON WEDNESDAY, FORM USAID ADMINISTRAR ANDREW NATSIOS SAID U.N. OFFICIAL DOUGLAS OTS HAD DIED IN THE EARTHQUA. COOTS IS AUALLY ALIVE AND WELL IN ALABAMA. DOUG COATES, THE ACTING U.N. POLICE COMMISSIOR IN HAITI WAS KILL.

>> Lehrer: AIN, THE MAJOR DEVELOENTS OF THE DAY: THE U.S. SUPRE COURT OVERTURNED DECADES OF LIMI ON CAMPAIGNONTRIBUTIONS BY CORPORIONS AND LABOR UNIONS. PRESIDENOBAMA CALLED FOR NEW CURBON FINANCIAL RISK-TAKING BY BANKS AND A LIM ON BANK SE. WALLTREET RESPONDED WITH A SE-OFF. THE DOJONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE FELL MORTHAN 200 POINTS. AND DEMOATIC HOPES FOR EARLY ACTION ON HEALTH CARE FADE FURTHER. HOUSE SPEAKEPELOSI SAID IT'S UNLIKELY THE HOUSE WL SIMPLY ACCE THE SENATE BILL. TH"NEWSHOUR" IS ALWAYS ONLINE. HARI SREENASAN IN OUR NEWSROOM PREVIEWS WHAT'S THERE. HA?

>> Sreenivasan: THERE'S RE ON WHAT TODAY'S SUPREME COU CISION MEANS FOR CAMPAIGN FINAE FROM LOYOLA LAW SCHOOL WE GET REACTION TO SECTARY OF STATE CLINTON'S SPEECH O INTERNET FREEDOM FROM REBEA MacKINNON, A FLOW AT THE OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE. FORMER "NEWSHOUR" CORRESPONDT ELIZABH FARNSWORTH DISCUSSES HER FILM ABOUTHE QUEST TO BRING CHILEAN DICTATOR AUGTO PINOCHET TO JUSTICE, WHICH JT WON A DUPONT-COLUMBIA AWD AND AN INTERVIEWH THE CIMATOGRAPHER OF "THE WHITE RIBBON"-- WINNER OF E GOLDEN GLOBE AWARD FOR FOREIGN NEMA. ALL THAT A MORE IS ON OUR WEB SITE, newshour.pbs.o. JUDY

>> Woodruf AND THAT'S THE "NEWSHR" FOR TONIGHT. M JUDY WOODRUFF. >>ehrer: AND I'M JIM LEHRER. WE'LL SEE U ON-LINE. ANAGAIN HERE TOMORROW EVENING WI MARK SHIELDS AND DAVID BROOKS, AMONG OTHERS. THK YOU AND GOOD NIGHT. MAJOR FUNDINFOR THE PBS NEWSHOURS PROVIDED BY: ♪ THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FNDATION. SUPPORTING EDUCATION A RESEARCH ACROSS ALL FIEL OF SCNCE AND ENGINEERING. AND WITH THE ONGOI SUPPORT OF THESINSTITUTIONS AND FOUNDATIONS. AND... TH PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORAON FOR PUBLIC BROCASTING. AND BYONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YO THANK YOU. Captioning sponsored by MacNEIL/LEHRER PRODUIONS Captned by Media Access Group at WG access.wh.org