PBS NewsHour; May 16, 2021, 5:30pm-6:00pm PDT

- Captioning sponsored by WNET - >> Sreenivasan: ON THIS EDITION - FOR SUNDAY, MAY 16: CRITICISM - AND CONFUSION OVER NEW C.D.C. - MASKING GUIDELINES. - THE CONFLICT IN THE MIDDLE EAST - INTENSIFIES. - AND RARELY SEEN WORKS OF YAYOI - KUSAMA TRACE HER EARLY LIFE AND - FETCH MILLIONS AT AUCTION. - NEXT ON “PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND.” - >> PBWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE - POSSIBLE BY: - SUE AND EDGAR WACHENHEIM III. - THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUND. - BERNARD AND DENISE SCHWARTZ. - THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN - FAMILY.

- BARBA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. - THE LEONARD AND NORMA KLORFINE - FOUNDATION. - THE PETER G. PETERSON AND AN - GANZ COONEY FUND. - THE ESTATE OF WORTHINGTON MAYO- - SMITH. - WE TRY TO LIVE ITHE MOMENT, - TO NOT MISS WHAT'S RIGHT IN - FRONT OF US. - AT MUTUAL OF AMERICA, WE - BELIEVE TAKING CARE OF TOMORROW - CAN HELP YOU MAKE THE MOST OF - TODAY. - MUTUAL OF AMERICA FINANCIAL - GROUP, RETIREMENT SERVICES AND - INVESTMENTS. - >> FOR 25 YEARS, CONSUMER - CELLULAR HAS BEEN OFFERING - NO-CONTRACT WIRELESS PLANS, - DESIGNED TO HELP PEOPLE DO MORE - OF WHAT THEY LIKE. - OUR U.S.-BASED CUSTOMER SERVICE - TEAM CAN HELP FIND A PLAN THAT - FITS YOU. - TO LEARN MORE, VISIT - www.consumercellular.tv. - ADDITIONAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN - PROVIDED BY: - AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR - PUBLIC BROADCASTING, A PRIVATE - CORPORATION FUNDED BY THE - AMERICAN PEOPLE. - AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR - PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE

- YOU. - THANK YOU. - >> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING AND - THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. - THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL - AND PREVENTION IS DEFENDING ITS - DECISION TO ALLOW FULLY- - VACCINATED AMERICANS TO GO - WTHOUT MASKS IN MANY - SITUATIO. - C.D.C. DIRECTOR ROCHELLE - WALENSKY APPEARED ON FOUR SUNDAY - TALK SHOWS THIS MORNING, TELLING - ABC'S MARTHA RADDATZ THAT THE - NEW GUIDANCE IS BASED ON - EVOLVING SCIENTIFIC DATA. - >> WE HAVE VACCINE NOW ACROSS - THIS COUNTRY, WIDELY AVAILABLE - FOR ANYONE WHO WANTS IT AND WE - NOW HAVE SCIENCE THAT HAS REALLY - JUST EVOLVED EVEN IN THE LAST - TWO WEEKS, THAT DEMONSTRATES - THESE VACCINES ARE SAFE, THEY - ARE EFFECTIVE THEY ARE WORKING - IN THE POPULATION JUST AS THEY - DID IN THE CLINICAL TRIALS, THAT - THEY ARE WORKING AGAINST OUR - VARIANTS TT WE HAVE HERE - CIRCULATING HERE IN THE UNITED - STATES AND IF YOU WERE TO - DEVELOP AN INFECTION EVEN IF YOU - HAD BEEN VACCINATED, THAT YOU - CAN'T TRANSMIT THAT INFECTION TO - OTHER PEOPLE. - >> Sreenasan: BUT EVEN WITH - MORE THAN ONE THIRD OF THE U.S. - POPULATION FULLY VACCINATED, THE - MASK DEBATE IS CONTINUING AMONG - STATES, BUSINESSES AND MEDICAL

- PROVIDERS. - YESTERDAY THE NATION'S LARGEST - REGISTERED NURSES UNION - CONDEMNED THE NEW C.D.C. - GUIDCE, RELEASING A STATEMENT - THAT SAID THE DECISION IS “NOT - BASED ON SCIENCE, DOES NOT - PROTECT PUBLIC HEALTH, AND - THREATENS THE LIVES OF PATIES, - NURSES, AND OTHER FRONTLINE - WORKERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY.” - THE "NEW YORK TIMES" REPORTS NEW - CONFIRMED CASES ARE NOW AT THEIR - LOWEST LEVEL SINCE LAST - SEPTEMBER AND DEATHS ARE AT THE - LOWEST NUMBER SINCE LAST JY. - IN SOME OF THE HARDEST HIT - STATES, LIKE NEW JERSEY, NEW - COVID-19 CASES HAVE FALLEN - NEARLY 80% ON AVERAGE OVER THE - LAST TWO WEEKS AND ARE DOWN MORE - THAN 40% IN NEW YORK AND - MICHIGAN. - THE CONFLICT BETWEEN ISRAEL AND - HAMAS, THE MILITANT PALESTINIAN - GROUP THAT CONTROLS THE GAZA - STRIP, CONTINUED FOR A SEVENTH - DAY AS BOTH SIDES EXANGED - BOMBS AND ROCKETS WITH - DEVASTATING RESULTS. - IN GAZA, ISRAELI AIR STRIKES HIT - A BUSY DOWNTOWN STREET - DESTROYING THREE BUILDINGS. - AT LEAST 42 PEOPLE WERE KILLED - TODAY IN GAZA IN THE GROWING - ESCALATION OF VIOLENCE. - THE ISRAELI MILITARY SAID TODAY

- THAT IT HAD DESTROYED THE HOME - OF GAZA'S TOP HAMAS LEADER, A - DIFFERENT STRIKE. - IN A TELEVISED SPEECH, ISRAELI - PRIME MINISTER, BENJAMIN - NETANYAHU, SAID THE ATTACKS - WOULD CONTINUE AT FULL FORCE A - THAT WHEN IT COMES TO HAMAS - LEADERS ISRAEL “WANTS TO LEVY A - HEAVY PRICE.” - ROCKET FIRE FROM GAZA IN THE - DIRECTION OF ISRAEL ALSO - CONTINUED TODAY. - HAMAS AND OTHER GROUPS HAVE - FIRED CLOSE TO 3,000 ROCKETS - INTO ISRAEL SINCE THE START OF - THE CONFLICT. - THE ISRAELI MILITARY SAID MOST - HAVE BEEN INTERCEPTED OR FALLEN - SHORT OF TARGETS, BUT EIGHT - PEOPLE HAVE BEEN KILLED IN - ISRAEL IN THOSE ATTACKS. - THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY - COUNCIL HELD ITS FIRST PUBLIC - MEETING ON THE CRISIS TODAY. - THE U.N. SECRETARY GENERAL - CALLED THE VIOLENCE “APPALLING” - AND APPEALED FOR AN IMMEDIATE - END TO THE FIGHTING. - EARLIER TODAY I SPOKE WITH NPR - CORRESPONDENT DANIEL ESTRIN WHO - IS IN JERUSALEM. - NIEL, CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT - THE LATEST SET OF ATTACKS? - >> WELL, TODAY WE SAW THE - DEADLIEST SINGLE ATTACK SINCE - THE START OF THE FIGHTING IN - GAZA.

- IT TOOK PLACE OVERNIGHT, AND MY - COLLEAGUE IN GAZA DESCRIBED IN - THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT HEARING - IN CENTRAL GAZA CITY THESE - BOOMS, THESE SOUNDS THAT HE'S - NEVER HEARD BEFORE, A KIND OF - BOOM-BOOM AND SEVERAL MULTISTORY - HOMES COLLAPSED ON THE SAME - STREET. - THIS WAS JUST A COUPLE BLOS - AWAY FROM AL-SHIFA HOSPITAL, THE - MAIN HOSPITAL IN GAZA. - AND LARGE EXTENDED FAMILIES WERE - TRAPPED UNDER THE RUBBLE. - ATEAST 37 PEOPLE DIED. - THAT NUMBER COULD RISE, - INCLUDING EIGHT CHILDREN AND 13 - WOMEN. - RESCUE TEAMS ARE STILL DIGGING - UNDER THE RUBBLE, SEARCHING FOR - SURVIVORS. - WE SPOKE TO NEIGHBORS IN THE - AREA WHO SAID THAT THE ISRAELI - MILITARY DID NOT CALL AND WARN - THEM OF THIS ATTACK AS THE - ISRAELI MILITARY HAS DONE WITH - OTHER ATTACKS. - THE ISRAELI MILITARY SAYS THAT - IN THIS CASE, THEY WERE - TARGETING UNDERGROUND HAMAS - INFRASTRUCTURE AND THAT THAT - INFRASTRUCTURE COLLAPSED AND - WHEN IT COLLAPSED, THAT THE - FOUNDATIONS OF THE HOMES ABOVE - IT ALSO COLLAPSED. - WE HAVE SEEN OTHER STRIKES AS

- WELL. - THE HOME OF THE TOP HAMAS LEER - IN GAZA, YAHIYEH SINWAR, HIS - HOME WAS BOMBED IN AN ISRAELI - STRIKE. - ALL IN ALL, ISRAEL SAID THAT IT - HAS TARGETED SO FAR 1,500 - TARGETS AND IN GAZA. - AND PALESTINIANS TOLD ME THAT - OVERNIGHT THE INTENSITY OF THE - BOMBINGS WAS SOMETHING THAT THEY - HAD NEVER FELT BEFORE IN ALL THE - YEARS THAT THEY'VE EXPERIENCED - THESE KINDS OF ATTACKS AND - ROUNDS OF CONFLICT. - >> Sreenivasan: AND WHAT ABOUT - THE ISRAELIS AND HOW WERE THEY - COPING WITH THE ROCKET ATTACKS - BEING LAUNCHED AT THEM? - >> WELL, SO FAR, ISRAEL SAYS - THAT MORE THAN 2,800 ROCKETS - HAVE BEEN LAUNCHED AT ISRAEL. - THIS IS THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF - ROCKETS LAUNCHED EVER INUCH A - SHORT PERIOD OF TIME. - AS WE SPEAK, THERE ARE NO NEW - DEATHS ON THE ISRAELI SIDE TODAY - FROM ROCKET FIRE, BUT A LOT OF - AIR RAID SIRENS OF TOWNS ALONG - THE GAZA BORDER, ISRAELI TOWNS. - WE'LL HEAR THE AIR RAID SIREN - AND THEN THEY HAVE ABOUT 15

- SECONDS TO RO A PROTECTED - AREA IN THE TEL AVIV AREA. - THAT'S ABOUT A MINUTE AND A HALF - THAT PEOPLE HAVE TO RUN FOR - SAFETY. - 90% OF ROCKETS HAVE BEEN - INTERCEPTED MIDAIR, ACCORDING TO - ISRAEL, AND THAT'S BECAUSE - ISRAEL HAS THE IRON DOME ANTI- - MISSILE BATTERY, WHICH - INTERCEPTS THESE ROCKETS BEFORE - THEY LAND. - >> Sreenivasan: ANY IDEA HOW - LONG THIS COULD LAST OR THE - PROGRESS OF ANY CEASE FIRE - TALKS? - >> IT APPEARS THAT WE'RE LOOKING - AT DAYS AND NOT WEEKS. - AFTER YESTERDAY'S BOMBING OF THE - ASSOCIATED PRESS BUILDING, IT - SEEMS TO BE THAT COMBINED WITH - THE KILLING OF A PALESTINIAN - FAMILY IN AN AIR STRIKE - YESTERDAY AS WELL, LED TO MORE - PRESSURE TO REACH AN IMMEDIATE - OR CEASE FIRE SOON. - NOW, AN OFFICIAL WITH THE - PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY SPOKE WITH - US AND SAID THAT THE U.S., - QATAR, EGYPT ARE ALL DEEPLY - INVOLVED IN THESE NEGOTIATIONS - AND THEY WT A CEASE FIRE - QUICKLY, IMMEDIATELY, BUT THAT - ISRAEL HAS ASKED FOR MORE TIME. - TODAY, THE UNITED NATIONS

- SECURITY COUNCIL HAS MET AND - MOST OF THOSE COUNTRIES EXPECTED - TO PUSH FOR ANMMEDIATE CEASE - FIRE. - THE EUROPEAN UNION HAS CALLED AN - EXCEPTIONAL EMERGENCY MEETING ON - TUESDAY OF E.U. FOREIGN - MINISTERS. - THAT SEEMS TO BE KIND OF A - DEADLINE, PUTTING A DEADLINE IN - THE SAND, SAYING TUESDAY IS THE - DAY THAT WE WOULD NOT WANT TO - SEE ANY MO FIGHTING. - AND THAT COULD BE A SIGNAL ALSO - TO THE US TO PRESSURE ISRAEL TO - WRAP THIS UP. - >> Sreenivasan: DANIEL ESTRIN - FROM NPR, JOINING US FROM - JERUSALEM, THANKS SO MUCH. - >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. - >> Sreenivasan: A THREE-DAY - CEASEFIRE BETWEEN THE AFGHAN - GOVERNMENT AND THE TALIBAN ENDED - TODAY, AMID CALLS FOR NEW PEACE - TALKS. - THE TALIBAN ANNOUNCED LAST WEEK - THE CEASEFIRE WOULD BEGAN - THURSDAY TO MARK THE ISLAMIC - HOLIDAY OF EID-EL-FITR. - DESPITE THE TEMPORARY CALLO - HALT FIGHTING, THE HOLIDAY WAS - MARKED BY CONTINUED VIOLENCE. - ON FRIDAY A BOMB EXPLODED AT A - MOSQUE JUST NORTH OF THE - CAPITAL, KABUL, KILLING 12 - PEOPLE AND INJURING MORE THAN - 15. - YESTERDAY, THE ISLAMIC STE,

- WHICH DID NOT AGREE TO THE - CEASEFIRE, CLAIMED - RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ATTACK. - IN A TWEET ON FRIDAY, A - REPRESENTATIVE OF THE AFGHAN - VERNMENT SAID THERE WAS A - MEETING WITH THE TALIBAN IN - QATAR AND BOTH SIDES CALLED R - A SPEEDING UP OF THE PEACE - TALKS. - FOR MOREN THE CONFLICT IN THE - MIDDLE EAST AND OTHER - INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL NEWS, - GO TO pbs.org/newshour. - >> Sreenivasan: A THIRD WEEK OF - WIDESPREAD PROTESTS AND VIOLENCE - ACROSS COLOMBIA HAS LEFT AT - LEAST 42 PEOPLE DEAD, THOUSANDS - INJURED, AND HUNDREDS BELIEVED - TO BE MISSING. - THE DEMONSTRATIONS BEGAN OVEAN - UNPOPULAR PANDEMIC RELATED TAX - OVERHAUL AND HAVE ESCALATEOVER - CHARGES OF EXCESSIVE FORCE USED - BY POLICE AGAINST THE - PROTESTERS. - NEWSHOUR WEEKEND'S IVETTE - FELICIANO SPOKE WITH SANDRA - BORDA GUZMAN, ASSOCIATE - PROFESSOR AT LOS ANDES - UNIVERSITY IN BOGOTA, ABOUT THE - ONGOING CONFLICT. - WHO IS LEADING THE - PROTESTS AND OVERALL WHAT ARE

- THEIR DEMANDS? - >> THERE IS A STRIKE COMMITTEE - AND ST COMPOSED BY LABOR UNION - LEADERS, STUDENT ORGANIZATION - LEADERS, MEMBERS OF THE - INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES, THE - TEACHER UNION. - AND THEY ARE THE ONES IN CHARGE - OF NEGOTIATING WITH THE - GOVERNMENT. - HOWEVER IT IS GETTING MORE AND - MORE DIFFICULT TO COME TO AN - AGREEMENT BECAUSE THE GOVERNMENT - IS VERY WEAK. - SO I THINK THAT CONVERSIONS - ARE GOING TO TAKE A LONG WHILE. - >> A LOCAL ADVOCACY GROUP IN - COLUMBIA SAYS THAT 40 PROTESTORS - HAVE ALLEGEDLY BEEN KILLED BY - NATIONAL POLICE. - >> YEAH, THIS IS PROBABLY THE - MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM RIGHT - NOW. - THIS IS EVEN MORE ACUTE IN - DIFFICULT NEIGHBORHOODS IN MAIN - CITIES, BOG ATTA, WHERE YOUNG - PEOPLE HAVE VERY CONTENTIOUS - RELATIONS WITH POLICE. - AND THEN ON TOP OF THIS WHOLE - THING, WE HAVE A LOT OF DISADDIS - APPEARANCES, MORE THAN A HUNDRED - YOUNG PEOPLE THAT WE DON'T KNOW

- WHERE THEY ARE, THAT THEY WERE - BASICALLY RETAINED BY THE - POLICE, ILLEGALLY RETAINED AND - THEY GET NO INFORMATION WHERE - THESE PEOPLE ARE NOW. - >> AND OBVIOUSLY THESE PROTESTS - ARE HAPPENING AT A TIME DURING - THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. - AND THE AUTHORITIES IN SEVERAL - OF COLOMBIA'S LARGEST CITIES ARE - WARNING THAT THERE MIGHT BE - ANOTHER SPIKE IN INFECTIONS. - CAN COLOMBIA HANDLE ANOTHER - SPIKE? - >> WE HAVEN'T EVEN BEEN ABLE TO - HANDLE THE FIRST AND THE SECOND - SPIKE BUT THAT'S AN ARGUMENT - THAT YOU CANNOT BASICALLY USE - BECAUSE PEOPLE RIGHT NOW ARE SO - DESPERATE ABOUT THE ECONOMIC - SITUATION THAT THEY SAY THEY - HAVE NOTHING TO LOSE. - WE ARE ALL AWARE THAT THIS IS - GOING TO BE A PRBLEM, - ESPECIALLY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT - THAT THE GOVERNMENT HASN'T BEEN - ABLE TO NEGOTIATE FOR PEOPLE - HERE IN COLOMBIA. - AND THAT IS GOING TO MAKE THE - NEGOTIATION WAY THE SITUATION - WAY MORE DIFFICULT THAN RIGHT

- NOW. - >> WHAT IS THE U.S.' ROLE IN - THIS CRISIS? - >> FORTUNATELY WE HAVE THE BIDEN - ADMINISTRATION PAYING A LOT OF - ATTENTION TO THE HUMAN RIGHTS - PROBLEM. - THEY VOW TO PAY ATTENTION TO - WHAT IS HAPPENING IN COLOMBIA. - WE HAVE A LOT OF COOPERATION, - SECURITY COOPERATION, IS THE - PUBLIC FORCING COLOMBIA TO - MEET-- THEY HAVE A WAY TO PUNISH - THEM FOR DOING THAT, JUST - CUTTING THE SECURITY AID. - AND ALSO I THINK THAT THE STATE - DEPARTMENT IS PAYING CLOSE - ATNTION TO WHAT IS HAPPENING - IN TERMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS. - >> WE'VE HEARD REPORTS THAT SOME - ROADS HAVE BEEN BLOCKED INTO ONE - GALU ONEF THE LARGEST CITIES - IN COLOMBIA. - >> ST GETTING DIFFICULT TO MOVE - FROM ONE PLACE TO THE OTHER. - AND THIS HAS AFFECTED THE SUPPLY - OF GAOLINE, FOOD AND NECESSARY - SERVICES. - HOWEVER THE INDIGENOUS - MMUNITY, THE ONES WHO ARE - LEADING THE DEMONSTRATION THERE - HAVE IMPLEMENTED HUMANITARIAN - CORRIDORS THAT YOU CAN USE TO

- GET BASIC SUPPLIES THROUGH - WITHOUT STOPPING THE STRIKE. - >> BORDA GUZMAN-- THANK YOU SO - MUCH FOR JOINING US. - >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. - HAVE A GOOD DAY. - 6 - >> Sreenivasan: TOMORROW IS THE - DEADLINE FOR FILING FEDERAL - INCOME TAXES; AND WHILE THE TAX - CODE DETERMINES WHO PAYS AND HOW - MUCH BASED ON INCOME, A NEW BOOK - IS HIGHLIGHTING HOW IT ALSO - DISPROPORTIONATELY IMPACTS - PEOPLE OF COLOR. - I RECENTLY SPOKE WITH DOROTHY - BROWN, PROFESSOR AT EMORY - UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW AND - AUTHOR OF “THE WHITENESS OF - WEALTH: HOW THE TAX SYSTEM - IMPOVERISHES BLACK AMERICANS AND - HOW WE CAN FIX IT.” - MISS BROWN, AS WE HEAD INTO TAX - FILING DAY, YOU WROTE AN ENTIRE - BOOK BASED ON ALL THE THINGS - THAT YOU UNCOVERED WHEN YOU - STARTED TO GO THROUGH YOUR - PARENTS' TAXES AND HOW REALLY

- THE SYSTEM IS DESIGNED - UNEQUALLY. - HOW DID IT START? - >> WELL, IT STARTS WITH A TAX - SYSTEM THAT WE WOULDN'T EVEN - KNOW THERE'S THIS RACIALLY - DISPARATE IMPACT BECAUSE THE - I.R.S. DOESN'T COLLECT AND - PUBLISH STATISTICS BY RACE. - SO, I BECAME A DETECTIVE OF - SORTS ANLOOKED FOR RESEARCH, - LOOKED FOR OTHER DISCIPLINES TO - BASICALLY SHOW HOW TAX LAW - SUBSIDIZES WHITE AMERICANS WLE - DISADVANTAGING BLACK AMERICANS - WHEN WE ENGAGE IN THE SAME - ACTIVITIES. - >> Sreenivasan: FOR EXAMPLE, - MARRIAGE: HOW IS IT DIFFERENT BY - RACE? - >> WHITE AMERICANS ARE MORE - LIKELY TO HAVE ONE SINGLE WAGE - EARNER WITH THE OTHER SPOU - STAYING AT HOME. - BLACK AMERICANS ARE MORE LIKELY - TO HAVE TWO EQL WAGE EARNERS - CONTRIBUTING ROUGHLY THE SAME - AMOUNT. - TAX LAW GIVES THE SINGLE WAGE - EARNING HOUSEHOLD A TAX CUT. - BUT THE OTHER HOUSEHOLD, WITH - TWO FULL TIME WORKERS - CONTRIBUTING EQUAL AMOUNTS, THEY

- DON'T GET A TAX CUT. - AND FOR DECADES THEY PAID HIGHER - TAXES. - CALLED THE MARRIAGE PENALTY. - >> Sreenivasan: ONE OF THE - LARGEST SOURCES OF WEALTH IN - AMERICA HAS BEEN THE ABILITY TO - OWN REAL ESTATE AND PROFIT FROM - IT, BUT YOU SAY THAT THAT BREAKS - DOWN DIFFERENTLY WHEN IT COMES - TO BLACK AMERICANS AND WHITE - AMICANS. - >> THE MAJORITY OF WHITE - AMERICANS OWN HOMES. - THE MAJORITY OF BLACK AMERICANS - ARE RENTERS. - WE DON'T ALLOW A TAX BREAK TO - RENT, BUT WE ALLOW A TAX BREAK - FOR HOMEOWNERSHIP. - WHITE AMERICANS OWN HOMES IN - PREDOMINANTLY WHITE - NEIGHBORHOODS. - BLACK AMERICANS OWN HOMES IN - RACIALLY DIVERSE OR ALL BLACK - NEIGHBORHOODS. - MOST HOMEOWNERSHIP APPRECIATION - IS IN THE ALL WHITE - NEIGHBORHOOD. - WE HAVE A TAX BREAK FOR - APPRECIATION ON OUR HOMES. - IF WE SELL OUR HOMES FOR A LOSS, - NO TAX BREAK. - AND WHAT THE RESEARCH SHOWS IS - BLACK HOMEOWNERS ARE MORE LIKELY - TO SELL THEIR HOME FOR A - NONDEDUCTIBLE LOSS. - >> Sreenivasan: SOMEBODY IS

- GOING TO LOOK AT THIS AND SAY, - YOU KNOW WHAT? - THESE ARE JUST MARKET FORCES, - RIGHT? - BUT YOU'RE SAYING THAT PROPERTY - TAXES ARE ALSO SO CONNECTED TO - HOW SCHOOL DISTRICTS ARE FUNDED. - >> BLACK AND BROWN NEIGHBORHOODS - MAY HAVE HIGH TAX RATES, BUT - BECAUSE THE VALUE OF THE - PROPERTY IS SO LOW, THEY'RE NOT - ABLE TO SPEND AS MUCH MONEY ON - K-12. - BUT THE REAL PROBLEM IS THE - FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS - SUBSIDIZING THIS RACT MARKET. - THEY DISADVANTAGE US WHEN WE BUY - HOMES THROUGH TAX POLICY. - >> Sreenivasan: WHAT KINDS OF - POLICIES SHOULD WE BE THINKI - ABOUT TO TRY TO LEVEL THE - PLAYING FIELD? - >> WE SHOULD THINK ABOUT A - SYSTEM THAT IS A LOT FAIRER AND - A LOT SIMPLER, WHICH IS ALL - INCOME IS TAXED THE SAME INCOME - FROM STOCK, IT'S TAXED THE SAME - AS INCOME FROM WAGES. - AND WE SHOULD GET RID OF THESE - DEDUCTIONS AND LOOPHOLES TT - DISPROPORTIONATELY BENEFIT WHITE - AMERICANS. - >> Sreenivasan: IS THERE ANY - KIND OF BIPARTISAN CONSENSUS O - ANY SORTS OF POLICY - PRESCRIPTIONS AS YOU START

- LOOKING AT THE WAYS THAT PEOPLE - ARE KI OF HARMED BY UNEQUAL - TAXATION? - >> YOU KNOW, THE QUESTION OF - BIPARTISANSHIP IN 2021 IS A - BIGGERONVERSATION THAN WE CAN - HAVE HERE. - BUT I WILL GO BACK TO THE - SIMPSON-BOWLES, WHICH WAS A - BIPARTISAN TAX REPORT THAT - BASICALLY MY PROPOSAL BUILDS ON - THAT. - SIMPSON-BOWLES SAID, LET'S GET - RID OF THESE DEDUCTIONS AND - LOOPHOLES. - WE CAN LOWER TAX RATES. - SO, IN A WORLD WHERE THERE W - REAL BIPARTISANSHIP, MY IDEAS - WOULD RESONATE ACROSS PARTY - LINES. - BUT WE'RE NOT THERE ANYMORE. - >> Sreenivasan: DOROTHY BROWN, - PROFESSOR OF LAW AT EMORY - UNIVERSITY, AND THE TITLE OF THE - BOOK IS CALLED "THE WHITENESS OF - WEALTH HOW THE TAX SYSTEM - IMPOVERISHES BLACK AMERICANS AND - HOW WE CAN FIX IT." - THANKS SO MUCH. - >> THANK YOU. - >> Sreenivasan: LAST MONTH WE - BROUGHT YOU THE WORK OF PANESE

- ARTIST, YAYOI KUSAMA, AND HER - LATEST EXHIBITION, "COSMIC - GARDEN," AT THE NEW YORK - BOTANICAL GARDEN. - THE OUTDOOR EXHIBIT CAPTURED HER - FANTASTICAL ART FROM THE MID - 1940's ALL THE WAY THROUGH 2020. - LAST WEEK KUSAMA'S WORK WAS ON - DISPLAY AIN IN NEW YORK, THIS - TIME AT AN AUC THAT FETCHED - MORE THAN $15 MILLION FOR SOME - OF HER EARLIEST AND RARELY SEEN - WORKS OF ART. - NEWSHOUR WEEKEND'S CHRISTOPHER - BOOKER HAS MORE. - >> Reporter: LONG BEFORE 92- - YEAR-OLD YAYOI KUSAMA BECAME ONE - OF THE WORLD'S MOST CELEBRATED - ARTISTS, SHE WAS A STRUGGLING - ARTIST IN NEW YORK. - SHE ARRIVED IN THE U.S. IN 1957 - WITH A SUITCASE FULL OF KIMONOS - AND PAINTINGS, AND JUST A FEW - YEARS LATER SHE CROSSED PATHS - WITH A FELLOW JAPANESE DOCTOR - WHO WOULD UNWITTINGLY BECOME A - STEWARD OF HER WORK. - >> DR. HIROSE WAS A RY WELL - RESPECTED DOCTOR, AUTHOR OF MORE - THAN 40 BOOKS ON THE PROFEION, - AND HE WAS A PHILANTHROPIST. - >> Reporter: RALPH TAYLOR IS THE - GLOBALEAD OF POST-WAR & - CONTEMPORARY ART AT BONHAMS, ONE

- OF THE OLDEST AUION HOUSES IN - THE WORLD. - HE HELPED UNCOVER THE STORY OF - SOME OF KUSAMA'S EARLIEST - PIECES. - IN 1960, WHILE LIVING IN NEW - YORK, SAMA SOUGHT OUT THE CARE - OF DR. HIROSE, HIMSELF A RECENT - IMMIGRANT AND ONE OF ONLY TWO - JAPANESE SPEAKING DOCTORS IN THE - CITY. - UNABLE TO PAY FOR HIS SERVICES, - SHE GAVE THE DOCTOR 11 PIECES OF - HER ARTWORK, AND THAT BEGAN A - LIFELONG FRIENDSHIP. - THIS IS KIND OF A UNIQUE - AMERICAN STORY. - THEY BOTH HAVE ARRIVED IN NEW - YORK. - SHE IS A STRUGGLING ARTIST AND, - BECAUSE OF THE NUANCES OF OUR - CITY, OF THE AMERICAN HEALTHCARE - SYSTEM, THIS RELATIONSHIP IS - FORGED. - >> ABSOLUTELY. - AND-- AND THAT, IT'S A REALLY - IMPORTANT POINT. - YOU KNOW, SHE WAS DEFINITELY - SOMEONE WHO WAS DESPERATE TO - MOVE TO AMERICA, WHO REALLY - WANTED TO THROW OFF THE SHACKLES - OF POSTWAR JAPANESE LIFE. - AND THE SAME ACTUALLY FOR - DR. HIROSE, BUT IN A SLIGHTLY - DIFFERENT WAY. - SO, I THINK IT'S REALLY ONLY IN - AMERICA IN THE WONDERFUL MELTING - POT IN THE 50's AND 60's THAT - YOU COULD HAVE FOUND THESE TWO - COMBINING INTO THIS UNLIKELY

- DUO. - >> Reporter: DR. HIROSE PASS - AWAY IN 2019, THE WORK OF HIS - LONG AGO PATIENT STILL HANGING - ON HIS WLS. - >> WITH AMELIA THERE AT - $3.8 MILLION, AND WE SELL IT - HERE IN BONHAMS NEW YORK. - ( GAVEL ) - >> Reporter: AND ON WEDNESDAY, - ART DEALERS FROM AROUND THE - WORLD BID ON THESE RARELY SEEN - WORKS FROM THE EARLIEST DAYS OF - KUSAMA'S CAREER, EIGHT PIECES - SHE BROUGHT ON THE PLANE WITH - HER FROM JAPAN, AND REE - PAINTINGS CREATED AFTER ARRIVING - IN T U.S. - WHERE DO THESE WORKS FIT WITHIN - THE STORY OF KUSAMA? - >> THE WORKS THEMSELVES, AS EY - FIT INTO THE ARTIST'S CAREER, - ARE... ARE TOTEMIC. - YOU KNOW, SHE IS SOMEONE WHO'S - MOST FAMILIAR THEMES REVOLVE - AROUND FLOWERS, AROUND THE POLKA - DOTS, AROUND INFINITY NETS, AND - THEN LATTERLY THINGS LIKE - PUMPKINS, ET CETERA. - BUT REALLY HER MOST IMPORTANT - WORKS, YOU THINK OF THE INNITY - NET AND THESE RIVER PAINTINGS - ARE ABSOLUTELY FUNDAMENTAL. - SO REALLY, THESE ARE AT THE MOST - SIGNIFICANT POINT IN HER CAREER. - AND THERE ARE VERY, VERY FEW

- WORKS LIKE THESE. - >> Reporter: KUSAMA THRUST - HERSELF INTO HER ART, AND IN THE - EARLY 1960's PAINTED "UNTITLED," - AND THESE TWO PIECES, "HUDSON - RIVER" AND "MISSISSIPPI RIVER," - ONE OF THE FIRST TIMES RED - APPEARS IN HER WORK. - >> A LOT OF THE THEMES IN HER - WORK ARE REPRESENTED IN THESE, - BUT SHE'S DOING IT THROUGH THE - LENS OF NEW YORK. - SO, THE RIVER, THERE WAS A RIVER - BEHIND HER HOUSE GROWING UP IN - JAPA AND IT WAS A MEDITATIVE - PLACE FOR HER. - SHE DOES NOT HAVE A VERY HAPPY - CHILDHOOD, BUT SHE USED TO GO - SIT BY THE RIVER AND WATCH IT, - WATCH IT FLOWING. - AND SO, THAT IS AN ABSOLUTELY - CENTRAL THEME IN HER WORK. - BUT THEN, YOU KNOW, THIS IS THE - HUDSON RIVER, THE MISSISSIPPI - RIVER. - SO, THIS IS AN ACCUMULATION OF - THESE EXPERIENCES, BUT VERY MUCH - ROOTED IN AMERICA. - >> Reporter: THE EIGHT PIECES - SHE BROUGHT WITH HER FROM JAPAN - ARE RIFE WITH SYMBOLS OF HER - UPBRINGING AS THE DAUGHTER OF - SEED MERCHANTS. - THEY SOLD ON WEDNESDAY FOR - $3 MILLION. - AND HER NEW YORK WORKS FETCHED - RE THAN $12 MILLION. - >> THIS WHOLE PROJECT IS A - CELEBRATION OF HIS LIFE, OF THAT - RELATIONSHIP, OF HIS KEEEYE

- AND HIS CHARITABLE NATURE, BUT - ALSO THIS FANTASTIC ARTIST WHO - BESTRIDES THE WORLD THESE DAYS. - YOU KNOW, THESE ARE THE URGENT, - BUT VERY EARLY, OCATIONS OF - HER TALENT, AND I THINK IT'S - ONLY NATURAL AND APPROPRIATE - AT THAT SHOULD ALSO MANIFEST - IN PRICE. - AND SO, IT REALLY, IT'S ABOUT - PEOPLE WHO RECOGNIZE KUSAMA AS - BEING ONE OF THE PREEMINENT - ARTISTS, HUGELY INFLUENTIAL. - SHE REPRESENTS SO MUCH TO SO - MANY PEOPLE, BUT THE OPPORTUNITY - TO BE ABLE TO OWN THESE WORKS, - IT'S VERY RARE, WORKS SUCH AS - THIS. - >> IS IS PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND, - SUNDAY. - >> Sreenivasan: FINALLY TONIGHT, - GRADUAL REOPENINGS AND LIFTING - OF COVID-19 RESTRICTIONS ARE - UNDERWAY IN FRANCE. - AT THE PARIS ZOOLOGICAL PARK, - THE RETURN OF VISITORS WILL BE A - WELCOME SIGHT FOR BOTH THE - ANIMALS AND THE ZOOKEEPERS AFTER - MORE THAN SIX MONTHS OF - LOCKDOWN. - THE ANIMALS SIEMS OBLIVIOUS - WITH THE PREPARATION, MUNCHING

- ON MEALS ENJOYING THE SUNSHINE - IN T PEACE AND QUIET COMPARED - TO THE USUALLY CROWDED GROUNDS. - ALONG WITH MUSEUMS, RESTAURANTS - AND MOVIE THEATERS, THIS PARIS - PARK WILL REOPEN TO A LIMITED - NUMBER OF VISITORS ON WEDNESDAY. - ZOOKEEPERS SAY IT IS LIKELY MANY - OF THESE BORN IN CAPTIVITY - BEASTS WILL BE ENTERTAINED WHEN - HUMAN VISITORS RETURN. - >> FOR THE ANIMALS, THE PUBLIC - HAS BEEN PART OF EVERYTHING - THEY'VE EXPERIENCED SINCE THEIR - BIRTH HERE IT IS PART OF THEIR - ENVIRONMENT LIKE THE TREES, THE - PARISIENNE SKY, THE PLANES THAT - FLY BY, THEY HAVE BEEN DESENSE - ADVERTISED TO ALL OF THESE - THINGS. - >> THE ANIMALS WILL GET TO SEE - HUMANS STROLLING AND STOPPING TO - WATCH THEM, SOCIALLY DISTANCED, - AND WITH COVID-19 PROTOCOLS IN - PLACE. - >> WE HAVE A RECOMMENDED ROUTE - FOR THE ZOO VISIT. - WE WILL HAVE HAND SANITIZER GEL - AVAILABLE ALL THROUGHOUT THE - PATHWAY. - THE OBJECTIVE IS TO MAKE SURE - THAT THE EXPERIENCE ISTHE BES - POSSIBLE WHILE RESPECTING HEALTH - SAFETY MEASURES. - >> ZOOKEEPERS SAY HAVING HUMANS - ON HAND AGAIN WILL BE A GOOD - THING FOR THE 2500 INDIVIDUAL

- ANIMALS FROM MORE THAN 230 - SPECIES. - >> THIS WILL PROBABLY REAWAKEN - THEIR CURIOSITY BECAUSE EVEN IF - IT DOESN'T LOOK LIKE IT, PEOPLE - COME TO SEE THEM, THY'RE - CURIOUS. - AND THEY LOOAT THEM. - BUT THE INVERSE IS TRUE TOO. - THEY ALSO LOOK AT THE PEOPLE. - SOME ARE EVEN VERY INTERESTED. - >> REOPENING IS ALSO WELCOMED - FINANCIAL NEWS FOR ALL THE - NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUMS AND - PARKS OF PARIS WHICH LOST MORE - THAN $20 MILLION IN TICKET SALES - LAST YEAR. - >> Sreenivasan: THAT'S ALL FOR - THIS EDITION OF "PBS NEWSHOUR - WEEKEND." - FOR THE LATEST NEWS UPDATES - VISIT pbs.org/newshour. - I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. - THANKS FOR WATCHING. - STAY HEALTHY AND HAVE A GOOD - NIGHT. - Captioning sponsored by WNET - Captioned by - Media Access Group at WGBH - access.wgbh.org - >> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE - POSSIBLE BY:

- SUE AND EDGAR WACHENHEIM III. - THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUND. - BERNARD AND DENISE SCHWARTZ. - THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN - FAMILY. - BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. - THE LEONARD AND NORMA KLORFINE - FOUNDATION. - THE PETER G. PETERSON AND JOAN - GANZ COONEY FUND. - THE ESTATE OF WORTHINGTON MAYO- - SMITH. - WE TRY TO LIVE IN THE MOMENT, - TO NOT MISS WHAT'S RIGHT IN - FRONT OF US. - AT MUTUAL OF AMERICA, WE - BELIEVE TAKING CARE OF TOMORROW - CAN HELP YOU MAKE THE MOST OF - TODAY. - MUTUAL OF AMERICA FINANCIAL - GROUP, RETIREMENT SERVICES AND - INVESTMENTS. - ADDITIONAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN - PROVIDED BY: - CONSUMER CELLULAR. - AND BY: - AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR - PUBLIC BROADCASTING, A PRIVATE - CORPORATION FUNDED BY THE - AMERICAN PEOPLE. - AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR

- PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE - YOU. - THANK YOU. - YOU'RE WATCHING PBS. - k: Every dy - I came home so happy.

- Sacha Baron Cohen: Yeah, yeah. - RamiSetoodeh: Who better - to get inside an actor's - head than another actor. - Jarred Leto: Holy guacamole, - what a performance. - Ramin: Variety Studio invites - you to listen in as some of - today's biggest stars talk to - each other about their craft. - Leslie Odom, Jr.: In order to - tell these stories truthfully, - we offer ourselves up. - Ramin: With Ben Affleck and - Sacha Baron Cohen, - Andra Day, and Leslie - Odom, Jr., and Jarred Leto, - and John David Washington. - ♪♪♪ - Ramin: Welcome to "Variety - Studio Actors on Actors." - I'm Ramin Setoodeh. - We're not in our - studio this season, - but we still have a great - lineup for you with virtual - conversations and - lots of revelations. - Ben Affleck and Sacha - Baron Cohen both took on roles - recently that show them - being unguarded and personal.