This Land Is Your Land; 18; Maurice Franz

isn't is the continuing analysis and discussion others today's program is your host joe welcome to this land is your land today we've made a pilgrimage down to albertus animates pennsylvania home of organic farming in the rodeo press our guest is maurice france the managing editor of organic gardening and farming and also the magazine compost science we're going to explore a topic which is at the very heart of ecology balancing nature with nature through an understanding and utilization of natural process he's to control the equilibrium of our environment welcomes de france good at them and jerry glad to have you here with this we have a great deal of

visitors these days and some of them regard as is the mecca of the organic movement because this is the headquarters where mr jay i rode bail who started the whole thing about twenty seven years ago when he founded organic gardening and farming to give us firstly general definition of organic agriculture well we say an hour and like a pdf of organic gardening that organic gardening or farming is a system whereby a fertile so it was maintained by applying nature's own law of replenishing it that is the addition and preservation of humans and the use of organic matter instead of chemical fertilizers and then of course the making of compost and the use of marches in the garden or from what is this important science we think of it so i chose particularly of this country are running down

because as we say they are not being fondly of being mined at that is to say their value is being we moved steadily without any group management now a better way of saying this i think was recently said and our forest composting conference in denver by dr land miller associate professor at hampshire college in amherst we had been talking about regional planning the coordination of industry local and federal governments and what the citizen can do one professor miller got up and said the land as the tv so us of our wealth and we must recycled back into it what we take out everything else comes second and he got a very big hand for that and from this point the conference was off again and a fresh direction and i guess this is what we mean by organic gardening

and farming is putting back what you take out of the soda you keep on taking out there won't be anything left in the bank or in the soil i hope that's where we get into some of the details of that in the end a moment but i would like to ask you and i think many people would wonder why the federal government hasn't propagated the doctrine of organic agriculture and why there is so much emphasis perhaps in federal government publications on chemical agriculture this is very controversial matter and i hesitate to go into it because it isn't right or fair to say that the government hasn't gone into it because big business hasn't aged it in the form of some lobbying in washington that is not a fair thing to say unless arm of the people on the other side of something to say about it we do believe

that there is big business and chemicals there was big business in mechanization and we think that as is only natural under the circumstances of these people have been in washington seeing to it that the various measures have been introduced various core nations have taken place but what i do want to say is we don't think this is a conspiracy against the people but we do think that there has been a certain coordination of big businesses and the government because it has been determined that we have good soil you will get very good returns when you first apply artificial fertilizes there is good unison the soil the soil has not been exploited and when you get a little extra stimulant or boost you get terrific results this has been mis or rent into believing that a continuation of this policy will continue to get good

results i can only invoked the concept of the law of diminishing returns a year and say you can't go on doing it and definitely that the soul will rebel as the illness is removed that the solo microbial life must be used to produce good crops and that if you go i'm trying to do it with chemicals you will eventually reach an agricultural bankruptcy you must put texture and muniz back into the store for a healthy microbial life otherwise you're not raised the kind of crops you want to come to it this means in terms of food sometime later in the interview i hope we go right now in to the question of chemical agriculture and food in many of your publications you cite the chemical farming will not produce as healthy foods as it was to grow organic farming maybe you can explain this well no

that's at a very hard one arm at the rodale and some of the british agriculture's have insisted that proteins derived from synthetic sauces do not have the same food value as proteins derived from organic conditions i'm not enough of a chemist and i don't know enough about molecular structure and this aspect of it to say i can say that the entire speed up prices in agriculture has arrived at the state where we are developing hoover i please for uniform wait for uniform

ripening heights so they can be picked mechanically are a man at one of our largest if not the very largest seed developing countries the companies in the country said to me a whole generation of americans is growing up without knowing what good food taste like and i said to him can i quote you and he said sure go ahead what he meant by that is they are developing varieties in the laboratory and genetically and they are breeding now for size shape color not for nutritional value and not for flavor and then we went to the logical conclusion and said well if you can grow square fruits and vegetables they'll pack easier and they'll flip easier and he said yeah that's that's right i guess but he did make the point and this was a man of considerable experience it was in charge of genetics at

this big seed company which distributes nationally and he did say very gravely that the younger generation of americans and we're not eating the fruits and vegetables that they're grandfather's did and what was tragic about it was they weren't even aware of the laws you think that this has a lot to do with chemical agriculture rather than organic agriculture i would be inclined to think so a lot of the point that i would destroy as previously was that this was a medic a matter of the genetics of bleeding from a certain plant characteristics now about the chemical agriculture i don't believe that in the long run you will not grow as unhealthy lance and his healthy crops through chemicals as you can through a well rounded organic of our nutritional a program for

example to trace minerals which are found mostly in our rocks and stones have a very valuable all the necessary ingredients and these should be added to the soil it isn't a matter of just putting in so much nitrogen so much phosphorus and so much pot ash and letting it go in addition there must be these other elements which we called trace elements because there's only at race of them but we do incorporate them in a well rounded organic of fertilizing program you mentioned the concept of the healthy soil when we were talking about what organic every culture wars and maybe we can get into some of the details of that what we mean by a healthy soil healthy steps so should be ended as close to a state of nature is possible that's a generalization and it doesn't

define very much we will take a far as the top soil and which leaves have been committed to drift down for years and in which they decay or compost gradually each ending so they're complimentary of humans and again some of the things which go into making up nitrogen phosphorus and potash now so i like this as the microbial life which is in a state of natural balance and in which no one aspect has been emphasized at the expense of the others that was in overall balance and this is what is so important it was all there are many things to say about the solo if it's healthy if it has plenty of eunice it regulates its own temperature it doesn't go to extremes of temperature we understand this very quickly when we know that there are at dolby so

it's in the southwest in which there was no humans and they are hot dry soils and they are impenetrable and very little if not perhaps does it plant life can grow their only the other things are the female of moisture or the fact that as sorrel has good health and structure means that the moisture is present in sufficient quantities for all plant life are this means that it is not difficult for the plant life to extract moisture from so this is good structure good to both again and then the microbial life is active and he's making possible of the poem the uptake of the various nutrients in the soil because oh its activity it without him a microbial a bacteria life in the solo it will be very hard indeed for the plant to obtain sufficient or

satisfactory nourishment from the areas there is the problem of cindy oh says it in which case the plant itself and whose through its root beers into alliance with various fungal or bacterial life which live a round of the wrecked his own of the plant and actually ended in the extraction of nourishment from the soil this is a healthy so alive when you for all of these elements working together the plant the soil bacteria and on the soil itself is holding its various up fertilizing components and available reserve so that as we say it is not a feast or famine but that the end of an irishman is there for the plan and the plan can get added readily and quickly when need be you've mentioned the words to the word humans several times and i think

we perhaps have to go back and to find a few things are some of the common terms that we hear in connection with the organic farming and gardening are humorous mulch compost and so i'm pretty could describe these tombs and how they ate inorganic gardening humans is vegetable residue was such as clippings grass clippings arm leaders when you pull them and then chopped them up you'll miss can be ground corn cobs humans can be so it just would say you're losin general sailors fibrous matter well when i'm permitted to enter into the solo is a source of humans it's i would say so you won't matter which has been created through photosynthesis which is this is by

the action of the sun shining on the leaves of the plant on the blades and setting up this process known as photosynthesis which turns i believe a carbon dioxide actually into vegetable fiber composting is taking you miss and i would also say it's putrid fact of madden such as the family garbage or any animal min nora and combining them mixing them together moistening them and getting air into the mix it so that the bacterial or microbial life in the putrid fact of matter acts on the man's as a whole and breaks it down into compost which is a complete fertilizer

with nitrogen phosphorus and potash in sufficient proportions and quantities to be of great value in knowing any crop the bacteria or heat up the pile to about a hundred and thirty five two hundred and sixty degrees and the pile should be eating within forty eight hours if you build it it's good to build it in layers and it's good also to have the various constituents in a comparatively fine aggregate so the bacteria life and go to work on the small bits and reduce them to good humans in the shortest possible time when we first began of rodale press would compost we thought we were were pretty good to get compost inside of a couple months sixty days but by the time we get through with experimenting we found

it could be done and quite satisfactorily done in fourteen days we don't say that everybody should do it in fourteen days or can do and fourteen days that and the air and moisture should be present and the pile may need to be turned every twenty four hours to achieve this but it can be done and over one of the things that we care about mostly rodale press is that everybody owns arm of his own olives in a place where there is a front yard a backyard or a side yard we wanted him to be running a compost pile and recycling the family and the homestead waists into the earth in a wholesome manner now if we were to pursue this train of thought for the will find it has a double purpose if you recycle your garbage from your own kitchen if you recycle your

weeds or grass clippings in the leaves in your place you're i'm not contributing to the sanitation departments rose in your community the average american person is an hour creating five and a half pounds of garbage i believe daily and if you can use some of this back in the garden you are reducing the load on your municipal sanitation department besides that event you know beautiful things in the guard and we'll come around to that later i hope and tell you how much pleasure you can get out of growing your own lettuce your own corn your own tomatoes and there is a great great game when you could go out into your own garden and pick vegetables and fruit for dinner eating them without a half hour you can't touch this kind of gotten freshness

and any supermarket no matter how much money you spend this is a great game which you can get from organic gardening from the recycling of your own waste products which you create in daily living on your own homestead it you can give it to the city or the county to get rid of for you and they're literally at their wits and they don't know how to do it economically they don't know how to do it safely anymore and if you can reduce this load it is a great game a little bit later if we have time i'd like to tell you what they're doing out in brooklyn and long island where they're really putting on a community ride composting program which covers every citizen community and that's two hundred and fifty thousand of them when we go right into into that now the car so i know you've just returned from denver colorado from a conference on composting and if you can generate a day conference on composting legislation what significance must be quite an important topic and that you'd like to go into the

brookhaven experience and also into well what was discussed in denver in denver we get composting from the municipal aspect which means that we are trying to solve new york city's problem with trying to sell chicago's problem we're trying to solve albert his problem to do at brookhaven they are trying to solve the community problem through individual action they are asking every household or every homesteader in the cavan which is three hundred and seventy six square miles they're asking them to run their own compost piles in their own yards their arresting them to compost believes and they are now also suggesting that they work in

their kitchen refuse or garbage into the compost pile this again will save the municipal authorities a great deal of time work and space without him i guess we would call them township dams are full of leaves i went out there and photograph them and they said if the people will only come close then we won't have this problem we can use this ground for something else they are also putting on composting demonstrations in brooklyn to show the residents there how it's done now this is a great gain for the community when leave collections are caught in fact the slogan goes don't put your leaves out at the curb compost them instead this is an official slogan in brooklyn and they are also

adapting a program of very widespread roadside plantings throughout this rather large community and they are planting hundreds and hundreds thousands and thousands over trees shrubs they are trying to plant and shrubbery that will attract the birds they are trying to hold this oil down which is hey sandy terrain subject to severe erosion when there was a heavy rain storm the best way to do it is to put in a heavy vegetative cover so they discovered very promptly that plans are that there is less plant mortality when you plant with compost then if you don't use compost so immediately they needed compost and started in a composting program they send some of their people out to us and said how it accomplished what you do

and we showed them what were doing it rodale we took them out and showed them ours stacks of leaves which are combined with maneuvers and with vegetative refuse of other kinds run through a shredder and allowed to heat up and when rose i would say eight to ten feet high eight to ten feet across and maybe a hundred to two hundred feet long this is not uncommon many communities are following this and composting leaves which they are making available to wear their residences is done in maplewood new jersey and i believe it is being practiced and many cities in ohio oh this matter of a composting at home is a very important thing and if there are twenty five million american homes individually oh homes if new residents will recycle their waists in the compost pile they will have a marvelous gardens as we said before

and they will take a considerable burden off the municipal officials i hope that i hope that i've gotten some of this urgency across it's very important because everybody is agreeing now on a municipal scale that we can't dump our waists and the ocean anymore it's impossible you can't do it we're finding out that there is very little land left full landfill we understand of the incineration is an expensive crosses the incinerator wears out in twenty years has to be built all over and in the meantime has been causing very grave pollution out of the air waters is composting and there are many things to be said about the wholesale marketing of compost and another of them entirely optimistic but the big thing that we believe in i wrote dale is that

municipal compost is the best recycling by the taxpayer can get for his dark refuse and garbage must be handled if you burn it you create and air pollution problem if you use it as landfill you pollute the ground water if you dump it in the ocean you have problems there on your beaches if you composted you now have a stable aggregate which can be recycled into the natural environment causing no problem know blockages no pollution oh a lot of people are saying you can make money with municipal compost we're not so sure you can but we do think once again that this is the best value for the taxpayers' dollar when it comes to conversion disposal or recycling of the community's waste

products another item that we should talk about is the term of marching and perhaps you can explain what goes marching as something that made has been doing for the left a nominee million years snow was much anything that covers the ground and protects it from the wind and heavy rainstorms is a march it's a blanket it's a cover it's a protective layer we like to march with a us tour like a march would lead nature's been much and leaves up ever since the beginning of the vegetative life i guess it armed marches wonderful because a concert moisture and it regulates oil temperature without much

a corn patch can heat up to over a hundred degrees fahrenheit at twelve o'clock and i can drop down to sixty or fifty five at two o'clock in the morning with a mulch the same corn patch will hover between eighty five and ninety degrees and not drop much below seventy seventy five at night this is what a mulch of straw haiti or leaves will do i'd like to say one thing about marching we believe and it's fervently and we say you can use ground corn cobs you can use so it asked it's been engaged when you you lose these fibers or these are a wood structure marches ed nitrogen a booster dose of nitrogen such as blood meal or cotton seed meal was sewing menial woman or because the sawdust

or they yell corn cobs have a tendency to cause a temporary depletion of nitrogen in the soil because the soil bacteria goes to work on the cellulose and uses up nitrogen doing so and that region has temporarily low but if you get some that there is no shortage we believe in march and we're going to do it i would like to go into march from the pure gardening aspect which is a lot of fun if you're so oil is a heavy and i'm slightly play east side don't march too soon in the spring was used to be heresy once but we don't believe it's there isn't anymore we say let the solo warm up until it reaches between sixty and sixty five degrees this means that during the month of april an early made may fifteenth for most people certainly in this area around new york city and this in this but did this is about is

on two area i would say between zone to one's own three area lectures or a lead up to sixty to sixty five degrees then as your plants begin to grow and the days began to grow hotter and hotter sneaking your mulch and so you have your pants completely mobbed by july which is when they'll need it was there was a moment for a station identification fb today on this land is your land our guest is maurice france managing editor of organic gardening and farming and also the magazine compost science we're exploring a topic which is at the very heart of ecology that is organic farming and gardening before the break <unk> france was telling us about the process of marching and we're going to go back into it again into a little more detail stress as we said earlier

merging as the following nature's own a program matching has been going on for millions of years and what is that generally he realized the plants are used to it and literally demand it and without that many of them would not survive so we do know that many grass seed mixed use contain what they called nervous plans on nice grant grass which grows first and takes over while only more durable but slow growing and grasses are taking hold them when the permanent terry if as family put out its roots and has gained vitality of the a nice grass gives way

but without the nice prayers the job of the permanent turf would have been much harder and they would not have been and as much success throughout the law on our list goes through a forest as we've said before and this goes in also in to eat your garden when you are planting a young crops you will give them a little extra shade and protection i am you will either try to see to it that for example a young treat when you planted sometimes you will put a protective cover over it so it isn't squandered by the sun this is a very loose much but only idea that a plant doesn't need protection and it is not necessarily correct and you you should examine the things or re examine your position i think it's good to use your grass

clippings throughout your flower beds for example or on you of the foundation plantings your shrubbery and bushes i think that if you leave your grass clippings on the grass after a period they build up into a thatch which can harbor of various kinds of alarm fungus and some insect groats so you save your grass clippings and then you put them around your vegetable patches in places like that where they soon dry out and where they ate humans to this so this is an excellent thing if you have leaves you should keep your leaves and a permanent pile of leaves within a circular enclosure whenever you need leave for something you go in and take out a few bushel baskets what we're beginning to describe here and now as well a complete homes dead in which you have a place in your

yards for various annual various shiites rather four in the different kinds of crop residues which you can use that be something for grass clippings there's a place for leaves there should be a place for sawdust they should be a place for two compost piles one building and one now available for president use so that as soon as you get through with this compost pile the other one which has been building is ready oh this is a lot we hope to see every individual homestead and the country practice saying it will stabilize the sorrow it will relieve the librarian all of the garbage collector and the municipality it will grow good food it is recycling on a national scale so that instead of polluting the urethra and creating problems with our waists we will turn them back into the land to grow healthier food them are getting right now

but i would like to say that we don't believe in perpetual motion ecologically we know there must be lois and wastage as we go but we do think that at this moment we are at a dead end by trying to treat our waste products as so much trash i believe our require billy very fortunate ones that we had tried to sneak it out in the middle of the night and got that someplace and get rid of it and this is foolishness because this is a source of great a fertility had a stabilization of the land and if we can get everybody to do it in his own home in his own garden in his own backyard we will lead to be her well being and prosperity of the country and then i'd show up and now i know that the budget sheets on new year's day but it will show up on the fact that we will be having a lot less pollution than we're having right now because we insist on treating these

various residues as at as varied as treasure and they're not i believe one of the most important elements of organic agriculture at least from the viewpoint of the end of environmental control and logic a balance is the subject of the natural control the insect's we might mention to start with that out of the approximately eighty six thousand insect species in united states about seventy six thousand are considered friendlier beneficial i won't ask you to name or seventy six thousand but perhaps you can mention a few of them that's a tough one a half well we know about that the ladybugs we know about the preying mantis is really know about birds alm this is a philosophy which we're discussing here and as we said with agriculture that we don't

go out in anyone's sector but that we have a balanced program so it is with insect life there will be visitations of locusts from time to time but the point in that we are organic believers would like to make here is that in order to destroy one acknowledged insect predatory enemy we go ahead and kill everybody we go ahead and we bless the countryside with poisons with chemicals so that if we want to knock out mosquitoes we also knockout bees we also killed birds we also poisonous soil and this means in many cases that the soil bacteria life is also damaged by this play we're not gonna go into the horrible

cases of children being poisoned by sprays mysteriously dying and these various horror stories which cropped up from time to time they are dramatic and they are they're tragic but we merely wish to point out that they are represented at this symbolic this symptomatic of the fact that in order to strike at a gnat we're using a very big howitzer indeed and we don't kill them that and besides killing him we kill a lot more and we disturbed the entire ecology of an entire area this does seem to be shortsighted of their case histories of these things there is the you know the work that they've done with the fire and in the south they haven't eradicated the fire and yet and they have done some very bad things throughout the southern states and the fire and still goes on building its enormous nests in mounds and at the

same time while killing off a few isolated colonies of fire ants the menace to destroy quite some valuable collections of bees beehives and they were also managed to destroy the birds that they're using very potent chemicals and that now i wish to make a nice point which is not generally acknowledged in and asked to be this when you are dealing with insect populations which we produce every twenty four hours genetically you run into a very wide variation in the insect annual invariably come up with wanted to insects which i'm actually immune to the terrible point isn't however terrible it is this particular for a lonely creature is not affected by this chemical the result is this you've killed off all of the insects of the stated species but you left the untouchables you've left the invulnerable ones and then the insect proceeds

in the state of nature to expand and replenish himself from the original air which were not affected by the chemical and now you have commit conferred community upon your great enemy and now ddt no longer kills mosquitoes in italy he and the fire and can be eradicated in the southern states because we made them to me alone to the very thing which is killing off the rest of our natural species there and this is the great for in this thinking that if we continue this way will kill off everything that we need or want that iraq are very enemy our own enemy instead of learning how to come to terms with him and that with him so that he doesn't do too much damage so that we find out what function he has and make sure he has something to do or we wouldn't be here instead of trying to eliminate him like an angry

giant we learn to accommodate heavily with him and find out what could use could be made of them we are making him in vulnerable to our most sophisticated weapons and eventually he'll be more powerful than we are because we can turn the middle aisle oh this is how we feel about fighting insects we want to use the birds' we want to encourage the birds we want to have them live with as we wander have bird feeding stations we want to have a where you're a homestead can afford it have a few brave cows is set among the trees and a safe distance from the house and had a safe ground level so that it cannot be bothered by its own natural enemies such as the local cat oh but if you have put out a good bird population on your state and for your home grounds does not think of a state that's think of home grounds and homestead you don't have to have an estate you

can do this and under fifty by a one hundred place and you can have a few bird feeding stations and wanted to buried houses and you could also have a few glitches so that the birds can arrest in and of their where they could find some food and occasional shelter in a storm these things can be done oh right we are envisioning here is living in the twentieth century making use of every facility then as civilization of ford's is that staying close to the soil and paying attention to its rhythms and understanding that we are dependent on it ultimately and that if we abuse it and degraded an insult that it will no longer sustain us or our great technical civilization i think we must acknowledge this relationship and not forget you mentioned ladybugs when

we talked about the couple in sex work our lady bugs actually helpful ladybugs and i supposed to read your plants of aphids are make sure you have the aphids before you get the ladybugs because if you don't have any friends you have ladybugs very low and they'll go somewhere else where they're just dying love for lack of food they will work very well but again we have to remember we are dealing with rosenbaum natural phenomenon here which don't understand the rules of the game that we want them to play if we want to lady bugs to stay at our place we will have to have if kids or something for them to eat and if we don't have a fence or the ladybugs won't stay very long this goes for the praying mantis which is also a great natural predator and will keep your ground via

of caterpillars and other insect life i would like to get to hear him because i am very interested in this aspect of earthworms are in the same category of accessory to the homestead as the ladybug it you're so oil is not in a proper state of health the earthworm or not stadium the reason i'm saying this is a lot of people by boris worm eggs or packets of earthworms and they turn them loose in the garden and they assume that the earth warms will turn the garden into a beautiful way says actually you have to create conditions through your own efforts of getting humans to

the soil so that there is food for the earthworms once there is food for the earthworm in your garden so he will stay there he will then proceed to fertilize you're so i made to its richness with his earthworm casts which mean he invests your sorrow and its passage through his intestinal tract but edds a certain something to the cast so that is considers considered almost the richest four months so added to available but i'm speaking here to the gardener who is disappointed who as ordinary crimes and a week or ten days after he put them in the ground he doesn't find a trace of them and that is because there is nothing there for them to stay where they go away and they die therefore we come back again to compost we come back again to march we come back again to humans and we asked you to ed these things to your god and

so and then put through ones' an annual worm will be delighted to go to work on the sawdust he will be like delighted to go to work on the corn cobs he will be delighted to go to work and the shredded up straw hey the leaves all this is food for an incorporated into the soil then you begin to get indeed a healthy happy so i wanted to bring this in because and our experience over the news we get various types of questions and they say yet what can i do about aphids and what can i do about this sort of a favorite question is tell me what kind of a road or a retailer will our breakup hot pan or adobe and the answer to one of these questions well a little different

in new detail is basically the same there are very few retailers that a man or a woman can operate individually that will break up a bad case of high demand if you're so oil is deficient in you unless you will not be able to keep earth worms in it if are you don't have a real condition of plant infestation by includes ladybugs were maps day in your god if you need them if there is a function which they concern they will stay with you and work for you and live in harmony with you otherwise it isn't going to work and this isn't calling a plumber do to repair a break or a leak of this is building a system and unless you build a system from the bottom up it's not going to work satisfactorily and the system calls for mulch and compost you miss in the soil and saying that there is a use for these various benevolent creatures

with whom we can live to our mutual benefit our i would like to say again whenever we get the question on the adobe soil and what will go to work or or what eric taylor is powerful enough to break up at ten inch deep hard and we say you'll have to put plenty of manure on top of the hot pan and keep putting it out and putting it on and after a while the microbes in the manure will go to work on the hot pan and eventually begin to break it up but you have to have patience and it can be a two year or more that would turn out to be as we have it and paid seasonal to complete cycles to complete agricultural cycles but you you won't you can't undo it by forcing nature to follow your will of the best way of that this is evidence said was by said by you'll givens who said

don't try to dominate nature live with nature and man's mistake is that he thinks he can mastermind creation and make it do what he wants to do he can up to a certain point but he can't do it indefinitely he has to learn how to live with nature and i think that's about well what i wanted to say here about of insect life we have to learn to live to use the species that our benevolent into his but not seek to seek to destroy utterly one small segment because of this pleases us are a colossus money goes we spend much more money artist brain and i'm bringing in teams and crews and by the time we'd damage the countryside i'm sure that we have spent much more money than those insects would have cost as if we just left them alone i think that is true in many cases i think it brings up the problem of thought of weeds as well the average gardner thinks of wheat has been uniformly evil yet some

weeds we know are useful perhaps you could describe some of these to us i don't know it was who said a very wise man said only does a plan for which we haven't found a use as yet and again we must invoke this principle therefore we know exists there was a reason for it somewhere it is the demands are transmitting some some form of life from one place to another and we don't understand it because it doesn't appeal to our sense of the media picked many eerie again we don't cultivate that we don't take it out of its environment and development but i would say from the little i know about it that girl for example colon was once a leading a certain that

genetic accidents happened and them it began to develop into its present form then the geneticist got ahold of it and developed it further so that we have grown to day but when you see our early pages of quality doesn't look at all like what looks today and them we must keep this in mind now about weeds later they can be useful they can indicate what kind of story you have you were the us saw him as asset or alkaline grain for example the deep sorrow swamp more stale think forero grads mean acid so now slightly acid so daisy horsetail and doorstep we now for the alkali so als which is west of the mississippi and the southwest there is the salt grass the pickle weed the common spike we've gotten ride so important sandy

so well as is indicated by goldenrod while letters onions room of art brush and yellow coat racks and limestone says stone rather excuse me so i had its progress canada bluegrass field matter and yellow become a meal now about would drainage this is practical because you can't tell if you're that would drain agenda you're so well in certain cases what you're thinking of buying a house if you see smart weed headline reads so we'd swab or a stale that opening march fox tale job high wheat and rice cut grass i understand that the drainage should be investigated before you go further with the purchase of this new property it means that underneath out of sight you have a drainage problem and these weeds these no good weeds are telling you

about it also some of those who are buying homes and new communities where they are how the contractors are doing everything they can to degrade an ugly insult so on creating hard pan through the dumping of old cement owned builders say and really abusing the land and trying to get rid of are and there are various ways incidental to building your house and creating the hype and look for field mustard horse nettle morning glory gmac grass and can a meal this means that there is a hot pan under the surface it can be down eighteen inches it could be down to feed it to me down six inches but it's there if you see these weeds actually again with the weeds you can you can mow them you can cut them you can use them in your compost pile up they will invade your loan from time to time blissfully i

like dandelions in mind on ob i think they look very pretty and i am a dandelion wine out of the dandelions and it was a little bit too sweet but it was still very nice wines we have about a man and a half left and perhaps i should give you a chance to say something about the overall role of organic farming in ecology and to give a bit of the philosophy of the organic farming movement we like the organic gardening idea because it can be a complete operation from start to finish for the individual i think there are very few rules today who see a job through from the very beginning to the very end and when it is over we feel that this is something we do it our society is very complex we all have to live together and

we all have to contribute to what we can do best this is the cost of civilization and we accept it and we are glad to coordinate our efforts with those of our associates and co workers will we get through with the job it is the work of many hands and we can take pride in what we have done but we have to acknowledge the fact that we are part of a team not so in the garden the garden is an expression of your personality in your philosophy it's right you do from start to finish from the time you started to get internet through the marching through the composting to the gathering of the crops it's an expression of what you believe in and what you stand for that should be a great source of satisfaction to one of this and it should be something over an emotional refuge in these times of them personality and i would like to again to stress the fact

that when you've got an organically you're not doing any harm to anybody in fact you're benefiting the entire environment and you're keeping your little patch of ground in tone with a very vast rhythm which we don't understand too well all of the time we may not like that fact but it is they're nonetheless we have to work with something that is much bigger than us and we get the satisfaction out of doing this in our own gardens is an expression of our own fortune our own personality moriah warner thank you very much for and most informative interview about organic gardening and i hope that it's been helpful to our listeners today we've been talking to maurice france the managing editor of organic gardening and farming and also the magazine compost science we got into some of the details of the topic which we see was at the very heart of ecology bouncing nature with nature through an understanding and a utilization of natural process use to control equilibrium

of our environment the topic has been organic gardening you've been listening to continuing analysis of laughter landy your lair in the atlanta and milan gallo war new york that land borders rainwater land and made a human being this program was produced for the job is it

is it amy mayor me that we believe me set me me this

land is your land this land of milan on california economy or thailand gardens green waters laminate i was rolling wave in rural san diego all the land was made for fb