PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : November 23, 2014 5:30pm-6:01pm PST

>> Sreenivasan: ON THIS EDITION FOR SUNDAY NOVEMBER, 23RD. THE DEADLINE LOOMS FOR A NUCLEAR DEAL BETWEEN IRAN AND THE WEST. WE'LL HAVE A REPORT FROM VIENNA WHERE NEGOTIATIONS CONTINUE. IN OUR SIGNATURE SEGMENT, NEW YORK TRIES OUT A NEW PLAN TO ELIMINATE TRAFFIC FATALITIES. IT'S WORKED IN SWEDEN. CAN IT WORK HERE? AND, ST. LOUIS ON EDGE AS IT AWAITS A GRAND JURY DECISION WHETHER TO INDICT THE POLICE OFFICER WHO KILLED MICHAEL BROWN. NEXT ON PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY: AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. FROM THE TISCH WNET STUDIOS IN LINCOLN CENTER IN NEW YORK, HARI SREENIVASAN.

>> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING. THANKS FOR JOINING US. AFTER MONTHS AND MONTHS OF NEGOTIATIONS, THE DEADLINE FOR THE WORLD'S MAJOR POWERS TO STRIKE A PERMANENT DEAL WITH IRAN TO CURB ITS NUCLEAR PROGRAM IS TOMORROW. AND THE TWO SIDES ARE STILL SAID TO BE SOME DISTANCE APART. IN AN INTERVIEW BROADCAST THIS MORNING WITH ABC'S GEORGE STEPHANOPOULOS, PRESIDENT OBAMA SAID THE INTERIM DEAL REACHED LAST NOVEMBER HAD SLOWED IRAN'S NUCLEAR PROGRAM.

>> THE GOOD NEWS IS THAT THE INTERIM DEAL THAT WE ENTERED INTO HAS DEFINITELY STOPPED IRAN'S NUCLEAR PROGRAM FROM ADVANCING. SO IT'S BEEN SUCCESSFUL.

>> BUT A DEAL WOULD BE A ROLLBACK, WOULDN'T IT?

>> WELL NOW, SO THE QUESTION IS, CAN WE GET TO A MORE PERMANENT DEAL? AND THE GAPS ARE STILL SIGNIFICANT.

>> Sreenivasan: THE PRESIDENT ALSO COMMENTED ON HOW A NUCLEAR DEAL MIGHT CHANGE OVERALL RELATIONS WITH IRAN.

>> WHAT A DEAL WOULD DO IS TAKE A BIG PIECE OF BUSINESS OFF THE TABLE. AND PERHAPS BEGIN A LONG PROCESS, NOT JUST BETWEEN IRAN AND US, BUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IRAN AND THE WORLD, AND THE REGION BEGINS TO CHANGE.

>> Sreenivasan: WE'LL HAVE MORE ABOUT THE NEGOTIATIONS AFTER THE NEWS SUMMARY. IN AFGHANISTAN, A DEADLY SUICIDE ATTACK. AT LEAST 45 PEOPLE WERE KILLED AND DOZENS MORE WOUNDED WHEN A BOMBER TARGETED SPECTATORS AT A CROWDED VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENT IN A PROVINCE OF EASTERN AFGHANISTAN. NO ONE IMMEDIATELY CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY. MEANWHILE, AFGHANISTAN'S PARLIAMENT GAVE FORMAL APPROVAL TO A DEAL ALLOWING 10-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS AND A FEW THOUSAND OTHER FOREIGN TROOPS TO STAY IN THE COUNTRY PAST THE END OF THE YEAR. FROM NIGERIA, WORD OF A BRUTAL SNEAK ATTACK BY ISLAMIC MILITANTS. THE BBC REPORTS MEMBERS OF BOKO HARAM TARGETED A GROUP OF FISH TRADERS NEAR LAKE CHAD THURSDAY, KILLING 48 PEOPLE WITHOUT FIRING A SINGLE BULLET. SOME OF THE VICTIMS' THROATS WERE REPORTEDLY SLIT. OTHERS WERE TIED UP AND DROWNED. TROOPS FROM SURROUNDING COUNTRIES HAVE BEEN DEPLOYED TO THE AREA TO PROTECT CIVILIANS. FURTHER NORTH IN AFRICA, IN MALI, OFFICIALS SAY SUSPECTED ISLAMIC EXTREMISTS KIDNAPPED TEN CHILDREN AND KILLED TWO OTHERS WHO TRIED TO ESCAPE. IT'S THE LATEST IN A SERIES OF ATTACKS BY MILITANTS THERE. A SPOKESMAN WITH MALI'S MILITARY DESCRIBED THE KIDNAPPING AS A FORCED RECRUITMENT OF CHILD SOLDIERS. MALI'S GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN IN PEACE TALKS WITH REBEL GROUPS AIMED AT ENDING DECADES OF VIOLENCE IN THE AREA. BACK HERE IN THE U.S., ONE OF AMERICA'S BEST KNOWN FORMER MAYORS HAS DIED. MARION BARRY SERVED THREE TERMS AS MAYOR OF WASHINGTON D.C. BETWEEN 1978 AND 1990 AND WAS RE-ELECTED IN 1994 DESPITE HAVING BEEN CAUGHT ON CAMERA SMOKING CRACK COCAINE DURING AN UNDERCOVER DRUG STING IN A WASHINGTON HOTEL ROOM. HE SERVED SIX MONTHS IN PRISON ON A MISDEMEANOR DRUG CHARGE. BEFORE BECOMING MAYOR, BARRY HELPED ORGANIZE PROTESTS DURING THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND LATER LAUNCHED A JOBS PROGRAM FOR POOR BLACKS.

>> I SPENT OVER 30 YEARS OF MY LIFE SINCE 1960 GIVING TO THE PUBLIC.

>> Sreenivasan: MARION BARRY WAS 78 YEARS OLD. IN CALIFORNIA, OFFICIALS ANNOUNCED THEY'RE EXPANDING COVERAGE OF A CUTTING-EDGE EARTHQUAKE WARNING SYSTEM TO INCLUDE SCHOOLS AND FIRE STATIONS NEXT YEAR. THE SYSTEM IS LINKED TO GROUND SENSORS AND CAN GIVE A FEW SECONDS, OR UP TO A MINUTE'S WARNING BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE STRIKES. SOME FIRE STATIONS PLAN TO PROGRAM THEIR GARAGE DOORS TO OPEN WHEN THE ALERT GOES OFF, TO KEEP A QUAKE FROM JAMMING THE DOORS CLOSED. LEADERS OF AMERICA'S LARGEST INDIAN RESERVATION HAVE APPROVED A JUNK FOOD TAX TO FIGHT OBESITY. STARTING NEXT YEAR, THE NAVAJO NATION WILL PUT A TWO PERCENT SALES TAX ON COOKIES, CHIPS, SODAS AND OTHER FOOD WITH LITTLE OR NO NUTRITIONAL VALUE. ADVOCATES OF THE TAX SAY THE OBESITY RATE AMONG NAVAJOS IS AS HIGH AS 60%. THE TAX HIKE FOLLOWS A FIVE PERCENT SALES TAX CUT ON FRESH FRUIT AND VEGETABLES THAT TOOK EFFECT LAST MONTH. AND FINALLY, A FISH TALE RESEARCHERS OFF MONTEREY HAVE CAPTURED PICTURES OF THE ANGLERFISH; A CREATURE YOU OR YOUR CHILDREN HAVE PROBABLY ONLY SEEN IN THE MOVIE "FINDING NEMO." THIS IS THE REAL DEAL, CALLED A "BLACK SEA-DEVIL." IT WAS CAPTURED ON VIDEO IN IT'S NATURAL HABITAT APPARENTLY FOR THE FIRST TIME EVER LAST WEEK, ALMOST 2,000 FEET BELOW THE OCEAN SURFACE. DESPITE ITS SCARY APPEARANCE IT'S ACTUALLY THREE-AND-A-HALF INCHES LONG. JUST LIKE IN THE MOVIES, THE ANGLERFISH USES A FLASHLIGHT- LIKE APPENDAGE TO LURE SMALLER FISH INTO ITS MOUTH.

>> Sreenivasan: AS WE SAID EARLIER, THAT DEADLINE FOR A NUCLEAR DEAL WITH IRAN IS TOMORROW. FOR MORE ABOUT THE STATE OF THE NEGOTIATIONS, WE ARE JOINED NOW BY MY COLLEAGUE, WILLIAM BRANGHAM, WHO REPORTED EARLIER THIS YEAR FROM IRAN, AND BY DAVID SANGER OF THE NEW YORK TIMES. HE'S IN VIENNA COVERING THE TALKS AND JOINS US NOW VIA SKYPE.

>> THANKS HARI. DAVID THANKS FOR JOINING US. THE PRESIDENT THIS MORNING SAID THERE ARE STILL SOME SIGNIFICANT GAPS IN THE NEGOTIATIONS. WHAT CAN WE LIKELY EXPECT IN THE NEXT DAY AS THE NEGOTIATIONS WRAP UP?

>> WELL I THINK YOU CAN EXPECT THAT THESE NEGOTIATIONS ARE NOT GOING TO WRAP UP. THAT WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN HERE IS THAT YOU'LL GET AN EXTENSION THAT MAY WELL BE WRAPPED IN SOME KIND OF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROGRESS THEY'VE MADE SO FAR. YOU KNOW WILLIAM, THEY HAVE VERY EXTENSIVE DRAFTS AND ANNEXES OF AN AGREEMENT BUT THEY DON'T HAVE POLITICAL DECISIONS FROM THE SUPREME LEADER IN IRAN OR FROM PRESIDENT OBAMA ON SOME MAJORS ISSUES OF DISPUTE INCLUDING HOW MANY CENTRIFUGES IRAN COULD BE LEFT WITH, THE FUEL STOCK PILES, WHICH ONE WOULD BE SENT TO RUSSIA AND THE QUESTIONS OF SANCTIONS. AND ALL OF THESE REQUIRE DECISIONS THAT NOBODY'S BEEN WILLING TO MAKE EVEN THOUGH THIS NEGOTIATION HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR A YEAR.

>> HOW DO YOU FORESEE US EVER GETTING TO AN AGREEMENT?

>> WELL I'M NOT SURE THAT WE EVER WILL GET TO AN ENTIRE AGREEMENT. I KNOW THAT PEOPLE ON BOTH SIDES HOPE THEY WILL BUT IT'S ALSO POSSIBLE THAT TO THE UNITED STATES THIS COULD BE A MANAGEABLE ISSUE IF YOU KEEP ROLLING IT FORWARD, TO SOME DEGREE. AS THE IRANIANS THAT'S NOT COMPLETELY THE CASE BECAUSE IT'S THEIR OIL THAT IS BEING KEPT OFF THE MARKET AND THEY WANT TO HAVE THE NORMAL BANKING RELATIONSHIPS AND THE NORMAL RELATIONSHIP WITH THE WEST. I THINK THAT'S THE REASON THAT PRESIDENT OBAMA'S TEAM IS CALCULATING THE TIME IS PROBABLY ON THEIR SIDE. BUT THAT COULD BACK FIRE AS WELL IF PEOPLE IN IRAN BEGIN TO PICK UP A NARRATIVE THAT IN THE END THE UNITED STATES WON'T TAKE YES FOR AN ANSWER OR WON'T EVEN TAKE A PARTIAL YES FOR AN ANSWER.

>> THE WEST'S CONCERN HERE OBVIOUSLY IS ABOUT IRAN'S ABILITY TO BUILD A NUCLEAR BOMB. WHAT IN THE NEGOTIATIONS RIGHT NOW ARE THE STUMBLING BLOCKS ABOUT WHAT THE IRANIANS ARE ACTUALLY DOING IN THAT REGARD?

>> WELL, THE CONCERN IS THAT SINCE IRAN SAYS IT HAS NO INTENTION OF BUILDING A WEAPON, YOU HAVE TO DESIGN A SYSTEM THAT WOULD LENGTHEN WHAT'S CALLED BREAKOUT TIME. THE AMOUNT OF TIME IT WOULD TAKE TO PRODUCE ONE WEAPON'S WORTH OF FUEL. NOW RIGHT KNEW THAT'S DOWN TO A FEW MONTHS THE WAY THEY'VE CONSTRUCTED THIS AND THE WHAT THE UNITED STATES AND THE EUROPEAN ALLIES RUSSIA AND CHINA WANT TO DO IS TO EXTEND THAT SO THAT ANYBODY IN IRAN EVEN IN A DIFFERENT REGIME COULD RAISE FOR A BOMB, YOU WOULD HAVE TIME TO ACT DIPLOMATICALLY OR MILITARILY.

>> KEEPING THE IRANIANS AT THE NEGOTIATING TABLE, CERTAINLY WHEN I WAS IN IRAN EARLIER THIS YEAR I SAW HOW THE SANCTION HE WERE SQUEEZING THE - SANCTIONS WERE SQUEEZING THE ECONOMY.

>> ACUTELY THE SANCTIONS HAVE TO COME OFF BUT IT'S THE SUPREME LEADER WHO IS MAKING THE FINAL DECISION HERE. AND HE'S GOT A DIFFERENT CONSTITUENCY, THE IRANIAN REVOLUTIONARY GUARD CORPS AND OTHERS, WHO HAVE INVESTED VERY HEAVILY IN THE NUCLEAR PROGRAM. SO HE'S UNDER SOME VERY COMPETING INFLUENCES HERE ON THE QUESTION OF WHETHER IT'S BETTER TO LIVE WITH THE SANCTIONS AND KEEP A BIGGER PART OF THE NUCLEAR PROGRAM OR GET RID OF THE SANCTIONS, THATFUL VIEW IN THE IRANIAN MILITARY VIEW IS TOO HIGH.

>> IF THE TALKS BEAR NO FRUIT, IS SOMETHING OTHER ON THE TABLE? NO ONE HAS EVER EXPRESSED THAT THE MILITARY SOLUTION IS MORE THAN A TEMPORARY SOLUTION. YOU COULD BOMB THE FACILITIES AND CERTAINLY SET THEM BACK A YEAR OR TWO YEARS OR MAYBE EVEN THREE YEARS. BUT YOU COULD REDOUBLE IRAN'S DETERMINATION TO REBUILD THOSE FACILITIES DEEPER IN THE GROUND WHERE YOU COULD NOT GET AT THEM.

>> DAVID SANGER, FROM THE NEW YORK TIMES, THANK YOU SO MUCH.

>> GOOD TO BE WITH YOU.

>> Sreenivasan: AND NOW TO OUR SIGNATURE SEGMENT. TONIGHT, WE EXAMINE A NEW PLAN TO DRAMATICALLY REDUCE ONE OF THE LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IN THE U.S., ESPECIALLY AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE. WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT DRUGS OR SHOOTINGS, BUT ABOUT TRAFFIC COLLISIONS. THEY KILL MORE THAN 33,000 PEOPLE IN THIS COUNTRY EACH YEAR, INCLUDING MORE THAN 4,700 PEDESTRIANS. NOW OFFICIALS HERE IN NEW YORK CITY AND IN SEVERAL OTHER STATES HAVE BORROWED FROM A PLAN THAT'S BEEN IN EFFECT IN PARTS OF EUROPE FOR SOME TIME.Ñ TONIGHT, WE TAKE A LOOK AT THE WORK, AND WHAT'S BEING DONE TO

>> Reporter: A REMARKABLE AMOUNT OF THE TIME, ALL THESE BUSES AND TAXIS, CARS AND BICYCLES, JOGGERS AND WALKERS, MANAGE TO COEXIST ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK, BUT WHEN SOMETHING GOES WRONG, IT CAN BE HORRIBLE. LEAVING FAMILIES DEVASTATED. LISTEN TO WHAT HAPPENED IN FRONT OF DANA LERNER'S HOME LAST JANUARY.

>> I GOT A CALL FROM OUR DOORMAN. I DIDN'T KNOW WHAT THE HELL I WAS GONNA FIND. SO I RAN DOWN THERE. AND I SAW MY HUSBAND, YOU KNOW, JUST SCREAMING, LYING IN THE-- LYING IN THE ROAD. BUT HE WAS-- I COULD SEE HE WASN'T HORRIBLY HURT. AND I LOOKED OVER AND MY SON WAS, YOU KNOW, LYING THERE.

>> Reporter: LERNER'S NINE-YEAR- OLD SON COOPER HAD BEEN WALKING ACROSS THE STREET, HAND-IN-HAND WITH HIS FATHER. THEY WERE IN THE CROSSWALK WITH THE LIGHT ON THEIR SIDE, WHEN A CAB TURNING LEFT HIT HER HUSBAND AND THEIR SON.

>> HE WAS LYING COMPLETELY STILL. THERE WAS BLOOD COMING OF HIS EARS. AND I'M A REAL OPTIMIST. AND I, KEPT SAYING... AND MY HUSBAND... KEPT SAYING, "IT'S BAD. IT'S BAD. IT'S BAD. I WAS LIKE, "NO, HE'S BE OKAY. WE'LL BE OKAY." AND, AND HE WASN'T. MONTHS EARLIER, WHILE RUNNING FOR MAYOR OF NEW YORK, BILL DE BLASIO HAD MADE TRAFFIC SAFETY A TOP PRIORITY. JUST WEEKS AFTER BEING INAUGURATED AND FOLLOWING THE DEATHS OF SEVERAL PEDESTRIANS, INCLUDING COOPER, THE MAYOR, A FATHER OF TWO HIMSELF, LAUNCHED WHAT WAS KNOWN AS VISION ZERO AT A PRESS CONFERENCE SURROUNDED BY PARENTS WHO HAD LOST LOVED ONES TO TRAFFIC COLLISIONS.

>> WHEN I READ ABOUT THESE HORRIBLE MOMENTS, WHEN I READ ABOUT THESE TRAGEDIES, AND THIS LOSS OF LIFE IT'S VERY PERSONAL FOR ME, BECAUSE I CAN SEE IT THROUGH THE EYES THROUGH MY FELLOW PARENTS. AND OF COURSE EVERY ONE OF US THINKS WHAT IF THAT WAS MY CHILD. AND THE GOAL IS LITERALLY TO REDUCE FATALITIES ON OUR ROADWAYS TO ZERO.

>> Reporter: THE MAYOR SAID ZERO, THAT INCLUDES ALL TRAFFIC DEATHS. 178 PEDESTRIANS DIED IN THE CITY LAST YEAR. NOW GIVEN, NEW YORK CITY STREETS ARE DRAMATICALLY SAFER THAN THEY WERE 25-YEARS-AGO, BUT TRAFFIC FATALITIES, INCLUDING MOTORISTS AND PEDESTRIANS, HAVE STARTED TO TICK BACK UP SINCE A LOW IN 2011.

>> SOME PEOPLE HERE THE PHRASE VISION ZERO AND THEY ASK WHAT'S REALLY POSSIBLE. THEY ASK WHETHER THESE ARE NEW IDEAS, SPECULATIVE IDEAS. BUT WE WANT TO EMPHASIZE TODAY IS THAT THESE ARE TRIED AND TESTED IDEAS. IDEAS THAT WORK. THEY HAVE BEEN WORKING IN OTHER PARTS OF THE COUNTRY, THEY HAVE BEEN WORKING AROUND THE WORLD. MOST NOTABLY IN SWEDEN.

>> SO IT'S GOING FROM VERY SAFE TO SOMETHING MUCH, MUCH SAFER.

>> Reporter: MATTS BELIN HELPED DESIGN THE VISION ZERO APPROACH IN SWEDEN. WE CAUGHT UP WITH HIM WHEN HE WAS IN NEW YORK FOR A SYMPOSIUM ON THE SWEDISH INNOVATION. BELIN SAYS THE INITIATIVE STARTS WITH THE IDEA THAT IT'S NOT ACCEPTABLE FOR A SINGLE PERSON TO DIE ON THE ROADS AND THAT ENGINEERING, NOT ENFORCEMENT, IS WHERE THE EMPHASIS SHOULD BE.

>> IN VISION ZERO, WE PUT THE MAJOR... THE... THE FIRST RESPONSIBILITY ON THE SYSTEM DESIGNER. AND, OF COURSE... THE ROAD USERS... STILL HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY. BUT IT COME.. GOES BACK TO... THE SYSTEM DESIGNER. BELIN POINTS TO THE EXAMPLE OF A BUSY INTERSECTION WITHOUT A TRAFFIC LIGHT. THE TRADITIONAL APPROACH IS TO PUT ONE UP. BUT BELIN SAYS THAT'S FLAWED. COLLISIONS WOULD GO DOWN DRAMATICALLY, BUT THOSE THAT STILL OCCUR WOULD LIKELY BE AT HIGH SPEEDS AND SEVERE. BELIN SAYS THE BETTER APPROACH WOULD BE TO CREATE A ROTARY OR ROUNDABOUT, FORCING DRIVERS TO SLOW DOWN.

>> THE CRASHES WILL PROBABLY INCREASE. BECAUSE IT BE-- BECOME A LITTLE BIT MORE COMPLICATED FOR-- FOR-- FOR THE TRAFFIC. BUT THOSE THAT WILL HAPPEN WILL BE LESS SEVERE. AND ACTUALLY THE-- THE ROUNDABOUT MIGHT BE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LIFE AND DEATH.

>> Reporter: AS PART OF VISION ZERO IN SWEDEN, THE COUNTRY ADDED THOUSANDS OF MILES OF DIVIDERS, ADDED BREATHALYZERS IN MANY CARS, AND RUNS ONE OF THE LARGEST SPEED CAMERA SYSTEMS IN THE WORLD, NOT TO MAKE MONEY, BELIN SAYS, BUT TO SLOW DRIVERS DOWN. SWEDEN ROLLED OUT ITS VISION IN 1,997 WHEN SEVEN PEOPLE PER 100,000 DIED IN TRAFFIC, IN TEN YEARS, SWEDEN CUT ITS RATE IN HALF, AND TODAY THE UNITED STATE'S RATE IS MORE THAN THREE TIMES AS HIGH AND OTHER PEOPLE OUTSIDE NEW YORK HAVE NOTICED SWEDEN'S SUCCESS, MINNESOTA, UTAH, AND WASHINGTON STATE HAVE ALL IMPLEMENTED VISION ZERO-STYLE PROGRAMS AND SEEN REDUCTIONS IN FATALITIES FALL FASTER THAN IN STATES WITHOUT THEM. AND MANY OTHER CITIES, INCLUDING LOS ANGELES, SAN FRANCISCO, AND CHICAGO, HAVE JOINED NEW YORK IN RECENTLY IMPLEMENTING VISION ZERO-STYLE INITIATIVES. HERE IN NEW YORK, THE PLAN CALLS FOR INCREASED PUBLIC EDUCATION, VISION ZERO STREET TEAMS MADE UP OF POLICE AND TRANSPORTATION WORKERS HAVE RAISED AWARENESS HANDING OUT PAMPHLETS AND PSA'S HAVE BEEN PRODUCED ABOUT THE IMPACT OF RECKLESS DRIVING: AND LIKE SWEDEN, NEW YORK'S VISION ZERO CALLED FOR MORE CHANGES IN INFRASTRUCTURE, BEYOND THOSE MADE IN THE PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATION WHICH HAD ALREADY SEEN DECREASES IN FATALITIES. THE CITY HAS PUT ASIDE MORE THAT $40 MILLION DOLLARS FOR THE PLAN THIS FISCAL YEAR. AS PART OF VISION ZERO, THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PLEDGED TO MAKE SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS AT 50 LOCATIONS EACH YEAR, SOME OF THOSE CHANGES ARE ALREADY HERE, THE INTERSECTION WHERE COOPER WAS STRUCK AND KILLED. THE DOT INSTALLED PEDESTRIAN ISLANDS, ADDED TIME TO THE WALK SIGNALS, AND TOOK OUT THE PARKING SPACES ON THE CORNER TO INCREASE VISIBILITY. THE PLAN ALSO CALLED FOR CHANGES IN LAWS, INCLUDING ONE THAT WOULD CHANGE HOW TAXI DRIVERS WHO KILL OR SERIOUSLY INJURE SOMEONE ARE TREATED. LIKE THE ONE THAT STRUCK COOPER.

>> AFTER A FEW DAYS, WHEN I WAS SORT OF GETTING A LITTLE BIT MORE, YOU KNOW, SORT OF WITS ABOUT ME, I THOUGHT, "WHERE'S THE GUY THAT KILLED HIM?" "WHAT HAPPENED TO THIS GUY?" AND THEN I FOUND OUT THAT YOU CAN KILL SOMEONE IN NEW YORK CITY AND YOU DON'T GET CHARGED WITH ANYTHING. SO IN OTHER WORDS, THIS CAB DRIVER LITERALLY COULD'VE KILLED MY SON, STAYED ON HIS SHIFT AND GONE ON, MADE-- TAKEN ANOTHER FARE.

>> Sreenivasan: HOW IS THAT POSSIBLE?

>> IT WAS POSSIBLE THEN BECAUSE THERE WAS ABSOLUTELY NO LAW THAT SAID THAT THAT DIDN'T HAVE TO HAPPEN.

>> Sreenivasan: LERNER AND OTHER ACTIVISTS HELPED PUSH FOR NEW YORK CITY TO ADOPT PROPOSED LEGISLATION. IN APRIL LERNER TESTIFIED BEFORE THE CITY COUNCIL IN FAVOR OF A BILL DUBBED COOPER'S LAW. IT WOULD SUSPEND LICENSES OF TAXI DRIVERS PENDING AN INVESTIGATION. AND LERNER WAS LOOKING ON AS THE MAYOR SIGNED IT INTO LAW, ALONG WITH 10 OTHER BILLS RELATED TO TRAFFIC SAFETY, IN JUNE. AND JUST THIS MONTH, THE NEWEST LAW RELATED TO VISION ZERO WENT INTO EFFECT. NEW YORK CITY RECENTLY CHANGED ITS SPEED LIMIT FROM 30 TO 25 MILES PER HOUR UNLESS OTHERWISE POSTED. THAT MIGHT NOT SEEM LIKE MUCH, BUT STUDIES SHOW THAT THAT TINY DECREASE ACTUALLY DOUBLES THE CHANCE OF SURVIVAL IF A PEDESTRIAN IS HIT BY A CAR. BUT ASKING NEW YORKERS TO SLOW DOWN ISN'T WITHOUT DETRACTORS. DARKUAH ADIGUN-BOMANI IS A NEW YORK CITY CAB DRIVER, AS A MOTHER OF 3 SHE SYMPATHIZES WITH THE DESIRE FOR SAFE STREETS, BUT SAYS THAT FOR CAB DRIVERS LIKE HER, BEING FORCED TO SLOW DOWN LITERALLY COSTS HER MONEY. DARKUAH ADIGUN-BOMANI: The more you pick-up the more money you make, so when it's pretty busy, you just can't move with a 25 miles per hour, you just can't move/ AND ADIGUN-BOMANI SAYS THAT HER CUSTOMERS - FAMOUSLY IMPATIENT NEW YORKERS - WANT HER TO STEP ON IT.

>> THEY PRETTY MUCH, PICK IT UP, PICK IT UP BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, THE CUSTOMERS ARE USED TO, YOU KNOW, SPEEDING UP, MAKE UP THIS LIGHT.

>> Sreenivasan: BUT IF SHE DOES, A LEAD FOOT MIGHT MEAN A BETTER CHANCE OF GETTING A TICKET. THAT'S BECAUSE IN NEW YORK, UNLIKE IN SWEDEN, VISION ZERO DOES INCLUDE STEPPING UP ENFORCEMENT, FOR INSTANCE MORE AGGRESSIVE TICKETING BY POLICE. THE NUMBER OF TICKETS ISSUED FOR SPEEDING AND FAILING TO YIELD THE RIGHT OF WAY TO PEDESTRIANS, IS UP 50% COMPARED TO LAST YEAR. IT'S BEEN TEN MONTHS SINCE COOPER DIED AT THIS INTERSECTION AND MAYOR DE BLASIO ANNOUNCED VISION ZERO. FROM JANUARY THROUGH THE END OF OCTOBER HERE IN NEW YORK CITY, 209 PEOPLE HAVE DIED IN TRAFFIC CRASHES, INCLUDING 101 PEDESTRIANS. A DECREASE FROM LAST YEAR. BUT STILL A LONG WAYS FROM ZERO.

>> Sreenivasan: DO YOU AGREE WITH THE 'VISION ZERO' APPROACH TO COMBAT VEHICLE-RELATED FATALITIES? JOIN THE DEBATE ON OUR FACEBOOK PAGE. VISIT facebook.com/newshour.

>> Sreenivasan: MANY PEOPLE EXPECTED THAT THE GRAND JURY CONSIDERING THE FATAL SHOOTING OF MICHAEL BROWN WOULD HAVE DECIDED BY NOW WHETHER OR NOT TO INDICT THE POLICE OFFICER WHO KILLED HIM. BUT ITS DELIBERATIONS WILL CONTINUE TOMORROW AND MAYBE BEYOND. THE NEWSHOUR'S STEPHEN FEE IS IN FERGUSON WHERE TENSION IS BUILDING IN ANTICIPATION OF THE GRAND JURY'S FINDING.

>> ON THE GRAND JURY TO COME BACK.

>> ALONGSIDE WEST FLORRIAN AVENUE IN FERGUSON THIS WEEKEND, ENGAGED IN AN IMPROMPTU DIALOGUE.

>> WHETHER THEY WERE GOOD OR BAD PEOPLE OR NOT, THE JOB IS TO HELP PEOPLE.

>> PAUL MOHAMMED AND HIS WIFE FOUNDED THE COMMUNITY GROUP, PEACE KEEPER ST. LOUIS. SHORTLY AFTER THE SHOOTING OF BLACK TEENAGER MICHAEL BROWN THIS AUGUST.

>> THE UNREST IN AUGUST, WE THOUGHT ABOVE OR BETWEEN THE POLICE FROM KEEPING ANY MORE OF OUR YOUNG PEOPLE FROM GETTING HURT OR GETTING KILLED.

>> ARE YOU FEELING MORE TANKS?

>> ACTION I ANXIETY, STRESS, VE. THE TENSION IS RISING BY THE MOMENT. IN ANTICIPATION OF THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE GRAND JURY.

>> ON SATURDAY, WITH SPECULATION THAT A GRAND JURY DECISION COULD BE IMMINENT, AUTHORITIES PUT BARRICADES AROUND THE COURTHOUSE IN NEARBY CLAYTON, MISSOURI. WHERE THE GRAND JURY HAS BEEN MEETING TO CONSIDER CHARGES AGAINST DARREN WILSON. THIS IS A COMMUNITY THAT'S HOLDING ITS BREATH WAIT BE TO SEE WHAT KIND OF CHARGES COULD BE BROUGHT AGAINST THAT POLICE OFFICER AND WHAT THE COMMUNITY'S REACTION WILL BE.

>> THE REGION THAT'S BEEN IN MOURNING, WITH A FAMILY THAT'S LOST THEIR SON AND A REGION THAT'S AWARE OF THE TENSION THAT THIS INCIDENT HAS CREATED AND IF YOU AWAIT THE GRAND JURY'S DECISION EVERYBODY'S TENSE, EVERYBODY'S TALKING ABOUT THIS.

>> SO FAR, NO WORD. BUT THAT'S NOT TO SAY POLICE AND PROTESTERS AREN'T PREPARED. LAST WEEK, MISSOURI GOVERNOR JAY NIXON DECLARED A STATE OF EMERGENCY IN ANTICIPATION OF UNREST. AND STATE PATROL DISPATCHED 100 MORE OFFICERS.

>> IF SOME PROTESTERS TURN VIOLENT OR THREATEN OR THREATENING, POLICE WILL RESPOND TO KEEP EVERYONE SAFE.

>> IN THE PAST DAYS GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS AND COMMUNITY GROUPS HAVE MET TO SET GROUND RULES FOR ANY MAJOR DEMONSTRATIONS WITH THE PRIORITY OF PROTECTING LIVES. STILL, YOUTH PROTEST ORGANIZER ASHLEY GATES IS CONCERNED ABOUT LAW ENFORCEMENT MOBILIZATION.

>> MADE IT CLEAR THAT WHILE WE ARE ORGANIZING TO CREATE SYSTEMIC CHANGE, THEY ARE ORGANIZING TO DEEFNED AGAINST US.

>> NO MATTER WHAT DECISION THE GRAND JURY MAKES:

>> WE HAVE BEEN TRAINING PEOPLE HOW TO PEACEFULLY PROTEST.

>> AND PASTOR ROBERT WHITE OF THE PEACE OF MIND CHURCH, SAY THE PUBLIC SHOULD FOCUS ON HOW YOUNG MEN ARE TREATED BY THE POLICE.

>> THIS IS NOT JUST ABOUT MICHAEL BROWN, ABOUT EVERY AFRICA AMERICAN THROUGHOUT THE COMMUNITY, EVER MINORITY.

>> WHERE MICHAEL BROWN WAS SHOT THIS SUMMER AND AS THE THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY APPROACHES THEY ANXIOUSLY AWAIT WHATEVER COMES NEXT.

>> THIS IS PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND, SUNDAY.

>> Sreenivasan: THIS WEEK, THE UNITED STATES RETURNED HUNDREDS OF ANCIENT ARTIFACTS TO THAILAND. AMERICAN OFFICIALS SAY THE ITEMS HAD BEEN LOOTED DECADES AGO FROM A 5,000 YEAR OLD UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE. 9THE COLLECTION OF BRONZE OBJECTS, POTTERY, STONE TOOLS, BEADS, AND SANDSTONE MOLDS WAS RETURNED DURING A RECENT CEREMONY AT THAILAND'S NATIONAL MUSEUM IN BANGKOK. THE ARTIFACTS WERE FOUND IN 2008, DURING A RAID ON THE BOWERS MUSEUM IN SANTA ANA, CALIFORNIA, AFTER A FIVE-YEAR UNDERCOVER FEDERAL INVESTIGATION. THE MUSEUM AGREED TO RETURN THE ITEMS IN EXCHANGE FOR AMNESTY FOR ITS STAFF. BUT WHEN U-S CHARGÉ D'AFFAIRES, W. PATRICK MURPHY, HANDED OVER THE ARTIFACTS TO THAILAND, HE ASSURED REPORTERS THAT THE PEOPLE ALLEGEDLY INVOLVED IN ANTIQUITY SMUGGLING WILL FACE CRIMINAL CHARGES.

>> THE THEFT, THE FRAUDULENT TRADE OF CULTURAL ARTEFACTS, THEREFORE, ERODES NATIONAL IDENTITY. ALL OF OUR COUNTRIES ARE SUBJECT TO THIS INTERNATIONAL CRIME AND IT IS OUR PRIORITY TO END THIS KIND OF CRIME.

>> Sreenivasan: THIS IS NOT THE FIRST TIME A REPUTABLE MUSEUM HAS RETURNED STOLEN OBJECTS FROM ITS COLLECTION. JUST LAST YEAR, NEW YORK'S METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART RETURNED TWO LARGE STATUES TO CAMBODIA, AFTER CAMBODIAN OFFICIALS PROVIDED EVIDENCE THAT THE ARTIFACTS WERE LOOTED FROM AN ANCIENT TEMPLE IN THAT COUNTRY. AND IN 2007 THE J. PAUL GETTY MUSEUM NEAR MALIBU, CALIFORNIA, RETURNED 40 ARTIFACTS TO ITALY, INCLUDING A LARGE STATUE THOUGHT TO BE A LIKENESS OF THE GODDESS APHRODITE THAT THE MUSEUM PURCHASED FOR $18 MILLION IN 1988. IDENTIFYING MUSEUM OBJECTS THAT WERE STOLEN, AND THEN RETURNING THEM TO THEIR COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN REMAINS A DIFFICULT PROCESS. THE ARCHEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF AMERICA ESTIMATES 85-90% OF ARTIFACTS ON THE MARKET DO NOT HAVE DOCUMENTED PROVENANCE.

>> MORE NEWS BEFORE WE LEAVE YOU TONIGHT. A SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL WAS QUOTED AS SAYING THE U.S. SUPPORTS AN EXTENSION OF NUCLEAR NEGOTIATIONS WITH IRAN. THE DEADLINE FOR A PERMANENT DEAL IS TOMORROW. >>> ISRAEL'S CABINET APPROVED A RESOLUTION THAT WOULD CODIFY AS A STATE. QUESTION ISRAEL'S RIGHT TO EXET. THE KNESSET WILL TAKE IT UP. THE AVERAGE PRICE OF A GALLON OF GASOLINE IS $2.49. I'M HARI SREENIVASAN, GOOD NIGHT. Captioning sponsored by WNET Captioned by Media Access Group at WGBH access.wgbh.org

>> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY: CORPORATE FUNDING IS PROVIDED BY MUTUAL OF AMERICA-- DESIGNING CUSTOMIZED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS. THAT'S WHY WE ARE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY: AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU.

>> Bob McNeil: THIS IS A SPECIAL EVENT. YOU ARE ABOUT TO SEE HISTORY COME ALIVE AS ANOTHER GREAT HISTORICAL ICON IS SAVED FROM THE BRINK OF DESTRUCTION.

>> AS FAR AS WE KNOW, WITH ALL THE RESEARCH THAT WE HAVE DONE, THIS IS THE ONLY ONE THAT HAS SURVIVED TODAY.

>> I'M PUSHING FOR ALL I'M WORTH, GUYS.

>> McNeil: HOLY TOLEDO! AFTER YEARS IN PRODUCTION, THE FOLLOWING PROGRAM IS DEDICATED TO ALL WHO BELIEVE THE PAST HOLDS IMPORTANT SECRETS TO BE SHARED...

>> IS THIS THE ACTUAL HORSE? PEOPLE WILL FIND IT HARD TO BELIEVE.

>> McNeil: LESSONS TO BE LEARNED...

>> THERE'S ORANGE, THEN THERE'S SILVER, AND THEN IT LOOKS LIKE THERE'S GOLD.

>> IT WAS THE TOWN'S PIECE OF EQUIPMENT. THEY WERE A SOURCE OF PRIDE.

>> McNeil: AND PRIDE TO BE RESTORED.