PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : June 28, 2014 5:30pm-6:01pm PDT

TEST. TEST. TEST. TEST. TEST. TEST. TEST. TEST. SPECT IN THE BENGHAZIq EMBASSYr BROUGHT TO THE UNITED STATES. IN OUR SIGNATURE SEGMENT, THE BRAND NAME DRUG COMPANIES ARE PAID TO KEEP MARKET.

>> IT CAN CONTINUE TO MAKE ALL

>> AND EXPLORING ARTçó ONCE DEED DEGENERATE BY THE NAZIS NEXT ON PBS NEWS HOUR WEEKEND. >>> PBS NEWS HOUR WEEKEND IS MADE POSSIBLE BYf=/ -- LEWIS B. AND LOUISE HERB FELDT KALMAN. JUDY AND JOSH WESTIN. JOYCE B. HAIL, THE WALLACH FAMILY IN MEMORY OF MIRIAM AND IRA D. WALLACH. THE MILLSTEIN FAMILY. BERNARD AND IRENE SCHWARTZ. CORPORATE FUNDING PROVIDED BY MUTUAL OF AMERICA. DESIGNING CUSTOMIZED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS. THAT'S WHY WE ARE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY -- AND BY -- THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTS AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. >>> FROM THE TISH WNET STUDIOS IN NEW YORK.

>> GOOD EVENING. THANKS FOR JOINING US. AFTER DAYS OF INTERROGATION OR A U.S. WAR SHIP, THE SUSPECT IN THE 2012 ATTACK ON LIBYA WAS FLOWN TO WASHINGTON, D.C. AAHMED ABU KHATTALA ARRESTED FOR THE DEATHS OF FOUR AMERICANS. CAPTORS TWO WEEKS AGO. KHATTALA APPEARED IN FEDERAL COURT AND PLEADED NOT GUILTY TO TERRORISM CHARGES. >>> TURNING NOW TO IRAQ WHERE TODAY GOVERNMENT FORCES BACKED BY AIR POWER LAUNCHED AN OFFENSIVE TO RECAPTURE TWO MAJOR NORTHERN CITIES TAKEN BY SUNNI MUSLIM EXTREMISTS. GOVERNMENT FORCES REPORTEDLY MADE GAIN NEAR SADDAM HUSSEIN'S BIRTHPLACE. THE CITY IS WITHOUT POWER OR WATER. 30 MILES SOUTH OF BAGHDAD, 21 IRAQI TROOPS KILLED IN A CLASH WITH MILITANTS. THOUSANDS OF MILITANTS ALSO DIED IN THE FIGHTING. IRAN'S SUPREME LEADER, AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI SAID THERE IS NO WAR BETWEEN SUNNIS AND SHIITES ONLY TERRORISM AND ITS OPPONENTS. DURING A VISIT TO SYRIA RUSSIA'S DEPUTY FOREIGN MINISTER SAID HIS COUNTRY WOULD NOT STAND IDLY BY AGAINST GROUPS TRYING TO EXPORT TERRORISM, IN RESPONSE TO RECENT EVENTS IN IRAQ. TWO HOURS AFTER HE SPOKE A BOMB EXPLODED IN A MARKET IN DA MASCIS KILLING TWO AND WOUNDING DUS DOZENS. AND SERGEY LAVROV ACCUSED THE UNITED STATES OF PUSHING THE UKRAINE GOVERNMENT DOWN A CONFRONTATIONAL PATH. RUSSIA WARNED SERIOUS í NEW PRESIDENT POOR SCHENK ROSHENKO AGREEMENT. ADDITIONAL SANCTIONS AS SOON AS MONDAY. >>> IN AFGHANISTAN, THE BIG EVIDENCE TALIBAN OFFENSIVE IN YEARS, AFGHAN OFFICIALS SAY DOZENS KILLED IN THE PAST WEEK BY HUNDREDS OF TALIBAN FIGHTER ATTACKS ON POLICE STATIONS AND GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS. MOST OF THE ATTACKS HAVE OCCURRED IN HELMAN PROVINCE IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF COUNTRY. ALL THIS AS THE LAST 10,000 AMERICAN FORCES PREPARE TO LEAVE AFGHANISTAN BY THE END OF THE YEAR. BP IS ASKING FOR HUNDREDS OF MILLION S OF DOLLARS IN RESTITUTION. IN FEDERAL COURT THE COMPANY SAID IT MADE A VAST NUMBER OF OVERPAYMENTS TO BUSINESSES THAT FILED CLAIMS AFTER THE EXPLOSION OF THE DEEPWATER HORIZON DRILLING RIG AND THE SUBSEQUENT OIL SPILL IN THE GULF OF MEXICO. THE BIGGEST IN AMERICAN HISTORY. THE COMPANY ALSO CLAIMS ADMINISTRATORS ALLOWED PAYMENTS WITHOUT PROOF THAT THE SPILL CAUSED LOSSES. DAYS AFTER A MAJOR LOSS AT THE U.S. SUPREME COURT, ONLINE TELEVISION STREAMING COMPANY AEREO SAID TODAY IT IS PAUSING OPERATIONS. ON WEDNESDAY THE HIGH COURT RULED THEY VIOLATED COPYRIGHTS STREAMING TV CHANNELS OVER THE INTERNET WITHOUT PAYING NETWORKS. FOR THE RECORD, PBS WAS A PLAINTIFF IN THE LAWSUIT AGAINST AEREO. >>> AND NASA YOU'LLED A GIANT HELIUM BALLOON TO LOSS SOMETHING THAT LOOKS LIKE A FLYING SAUCER. ONE OF THE GOALS OF THE MISSION, TEST A PARACHUTE MISSION THAT SOME DAY COULD HELP LAND HEAVIER SPACECRAFT POTENTIALLY WITH ASTRONAUTS ONBOARD ON MARS. >>> AND NOW TO NIGERIA. A SEARCH FOR MORE THAN 200 MISSING SCHOOL GIRLS SEIZED TWO MONTHS AGO CONTINUES. FOR THE LATEST, JOINED BY THE AP BUREAU CHIEF. WE'RE HEARING AN A CONTINUED STRING OF KIDNAPPINGS NOW INCLUDING WOMEN AND CHILDREN AS WELL?

>> Reporter: YOU HAVE WOMEN, YOU HAVE CHILDREN, MARRIED WOMEN WITH 3-YEAR-OLD TODDLERS, YOUNG BOYS AND MEN, YOUNG MEN BEING KIDNAPPED. WE ASSUME TO BE USED AS FIGHTERS. THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR YEARS. THE REASON THAT IT CAME TO WORLD ATTENTION WAS BECAUSE OF THE LARGE NUMBER OF GIRLS. THE MORE THAN 200 GIRLS WHO WERr KIDNAPPED FROM A SCHOOL AS THEY WERE WRITING EXAMS, AND THEY REMAIN IN CAPTIVITY.

>> THERE HAVE BEEN REPORTS SOME OF THE SEARCH EFFORTS ARE BEING SCALED BACK INCLUDING SOME OF THE DRONE FLIGHTS THE U.S. HAD BEEN VOLUNTEERING TO LOOK FOR THOSE MISSING GIRLS?

>> Reporter: OF COURSE, WE HEARD FROM THE NIGERIAN MILITARY TWO OR THREE WEEKS AGO THAT THEY SAY THEY KNOW WHERE THE GIRLS ARE. BUT THEY FEAR THAT ANY KIND OF MILITARY ACTION WOULD MEAN THAT THE ABDUCTORS WOULD KILL THE GIRLS. IN TERMS OF THE SEARCH, WE'RE NOT HEARING AS MUCH AS WE WOULD LIKE TO HEAR. PRESIDENT GOODLUCK JONATHAN TRIED TO GIVE AN EXCUSE AND WROTE AND AD PUBLISHED IN THE "WASHINGTON POST" TWO DAYS AGO IN WHICH HE SAID THAT HIS SILENCE REVOLVES AROUND TRYING TO NOT ENDANGER THE INVESTIGATION, BUT HIS GOVERNMENT AND THE MILITARY ARE INVOLVED IN, I CALL THEM EVERY DAY, EVERY SECOND DAY TALK TO THE PARENTS. THEY ARE BEGGING THE GOVERNMENT TO NEGOTIATE WITH THESE BOCA HAS RAHM EXTREMISTS. WE KNOW BOCA HARAM, THE PRESIDENT INDICATED HE WILL NOT CONSIDER A PRISONER SWAP. SO YOU HAVE A SITUATION WHERE IT'S A TOTAL STALL, AND NOBODY KNOWS WHERE TO GO FROM THERE.

>> MICHELLE FALL FROM THE ASSOCIATED PRESS JOINING US FROM NIGERIA VEE VIA SKYPE. THANKS SO MUCH.

>> Reporter: YOU'RE WELCOME. >>> AND NOW TO OUR SIGNATURE SEGMENT. TONIGHT, THE HIGH COST OF DRUGS. IT MIGHT NEVER HAVE OCCURRED TO YOU, BUT WHEN A BRAND NAME MANUFACTURER INTRODUCES A DRUG, THE COMPANY PATENTS IT. GENERIC VERSIONS COME ON THE MARKET WHEN THOSE PATENTS EXPIRE, OR EARLIER, IF A GENERIC MANUFACTURER SUCCESSFULLY CHALLENGES THAT PATENT IN COURT. SOMETIMES, HOWEVER, IN ORDER TO AVOID A COURT FIGHT, DEALS ARE STRUCK BETWEEN THE BRAND NAME MANUFACTURERS AND THE GENERIC COMPANIES, AND AS PART OF THOSE DEALS, THE INTRODUCTION OF A GENERIC DOES NOT HAPPEN AS SOON AS IT MIGHT. ACCORDING TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, THOSE DEALS END UP COSTING CONSUMERS BILLIONS OF NEWS CORRESPONDENT MEGAN THOMPSON REPORTS.

>> Reporter: IN 2004, KAREN WINKLER WAS DIAGNOSED WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, A DEBILITATING DISEASE AFFECTING THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. THE 46-YEAR-OLD MOTHER OF THREE WHO LIVES IN CLARKSTON, MICHIGAN, STRUGGLES EVERY DAY WITH NUMBNESS, PAIN AND EXTREME FATIGUE.

>> IT'S SO OVERWHELMING. YOU WAKE UP TIRED. AND AS THE DAY PROGRESSES, IT JUST GETS WORSE AND WORSE, AND IT'S WHERE YOU COULD FALL ASLEEP STANDING UP.

>> Reporter: IN 2005, WINKLER'S DOCTOR PRESCRIBED A BRAND NAME MEDICATION CALLED PROVIJIG, ONE OF THE ONLY DRUGS ON THE MARKET WITH MINIMUM SIDE EFFECTS MADE BY A COMPANY CALMED CEFALON. WINKLER'S DOCTOR PUT HER ON A HALF PILL EVERY DAY.

>> IT WAS PERFECT. YOU KNOW? I HAD THREE YOUNG KIDS AND I COULD STILL DO PRETTY MUCH EVERYTHING I DID, AND IF I HAD TEN THINGS ON THE TO-DO LIST, I COULD EITHER GET THE TEN THINGS DONE OR AT LEAST EIGHT OR NINE OF THEM.

>> Reporter: BETTER YET, WINKLER TOLD US THEY WERE PROJECTED TO GO GENERIC SOON, POSSIBLY WITHIN A YEAR. THAT COULD HAVE SAVED WINKLER MORE THAN $1,000 A YEAR. THE POTENTIAL SAVINGS WERE ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT, BECAUSE HER DISEASE MADE IT IMPOSSIBLE TO GO BACK TO WORK AS SHE'D PLANNED. AND AROUND THAT SAME TIME, HER HUSBAND'S PAY WAS CUT, AND THE FAMILY HAD TO DIP INTO SAVINGS AND A 401(k).

>> THEN IT DIDN'T GO GENERIC, AND IT WAS A WHOLE DIFFERENT STORY.

>> Reporter: NOT ONLY DID IT NOT GO GENERIC, THE PRICE IN EXPLICABLY STARTED TO RISE.

>> IT WAS $6-SOMETHING A PILL THEN $7-SOMETHING A PILL AND IN 2010 IT HAD GONE UP TO LIKE $16-SOMETHING A PILL. IT WAS ASTRONOMICAL AT THE TIME.

>> Reporter: WINKLER'S OUT OF POCKET COSTS FOR A SIX-MONTH SUPPLY WENT FROM AROUND $300 IN 2008 TO MORE THAN $700 IN 2010. COULD YOU AFFORD THAT?

>> NO. THAT WAS A CAR PAYMENT, AND PLUS, AND WITH THREE YOUNG KIDS AND, YOU KNOW -- FEEDING THEM AND I FELT GUILTY THAT I WAS TAKING AWAY FROM THE FAMILY BUDGET.

>> Reporter: HER CONDITION WAS GETTING WORSE, AND SHE COULDN'T AFFORD TO TAKE A HIGHER DOSE OF THE MEDICATION AND DECIDED TO TRY A LESS EXPENSIVE GENERIC VERSION OF A DIFFERENT DRUG. IT TURNED OUT NOTTss TO BE AS EFFECTIVE AND MADE HER SHAKY AND JITTERY. HER REACTION TO NOT GETTING THE DRUG SHE SAID SHE NEEDED --

>> THAT'S WHEN, LIKE I SAID, I THOUGHT, HOW CAN THIS BE LEGAL? HOW CAN THIS BE -- IT'S DEFINITELY NOT MORAL. IT'S NOT HUMANE. IT'S NOT FAIR.

>> Reporter: WHY HAVEN'T THEY GONE GENERIC, AND WHY WAS THE PRICE OF IT RISING SO SHARPLY? AS WINKLER DISCOVERED THROUGH ONLINE RESEARCH, THE COMPANY MANUFACTURING THE DRUG WAS USING TOO COMMON BUT LITTLE KNOWN BUSINESS STRATEGIES THAT CRITICS SAY END UP COSTING CONSUMERS. FIRST, THERE'S SOMETHING OPPONENTS CALL PAY FOR DELAY. HERE'S HOW IT WORKS. ACCORDING TO THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION, WHEN GENERIC MANUFACTURERS CHALLENGE A PATENT, THE BRAND NAME MANUFACTURER SOMETIMES PAYS TO KEEP THE GENERIC VERSION OFF THE MARKET. IN THE CASE OF KAREN'S DRUG, THE COMPANY THAT MAKES PROVIGIL PAID A TOTAL OF $200 MILLION TO FOUR GENERIC COMPANIES GUARANTEEING NO GENERIC WOULD COME TO MARKET FOR ANOTHER SIX YEARS.

>> THE SIMPLEST LEVEL, AN AGREEMENT TWINE A BRAND EMPTY AND GENERIC COMPANY IN WHICH THE BRAND COMPANY PAYS THE GENERIC COMPANY NOT TO LAUNCH A GENERIC IN COMPETITION WITH THE BRAND.

>> Reporter: MARCUS MEYER IS AN ASSISTANT DIRECTOR IN THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION'S BUREAU OF COMPETITIONS PAYING FOR THE PAY FOR DELAY DEALS IS ONE OF THE FTC'S POP PRIORITIES. IT BROUGHT A LAWSUIT IN 2008 ALLEGING ANTI-LEGITIMATE CONDUCT TO PREVENT LOWER COST COMPETITION. THE CASE HAS YET TO GO TO TRIAL. A SEPARATE CLASS ACTION LAWSUIT HAS BEEN FILED BY HEALTH PLANS AND DRUG WHOLESALERS AGAINST CEFALON AND THE FOUR GENERIC COMPANIES OFFERING UNLAWFUL GENERICS FROM THE MARKET. JUST LAST SUMMER, THE SUPREME COURT ISSUED ANOTHER RULING IN ANOTHER FTC CASE THAT COULD OPEN THE DOOR FOR MORE DRUG MANUFACTURERS INVOLVED IN SIMILAR PRACTICES.

>> SO IF YOU CAN KEEP THE GENERIC BRAND, THE BRAND CAN CONTINUE TO MAKE ALL THE SALES AT THE MONOPOLY PRICE AND STILL PAY THE GENERIC TO MAKE IT WORTHWHILE FOR THEM TO STAY OUT OF THE MARKET.

>> Reporter: WHAT IS THE FTC SAYING IS AT STATE FOR THE CONSUMERS?

>> BILLIONS OF DOLLARS. A STUDY IN 2010, STUDIED IT CAREFULLY AND IT COST AMERICAN CONSUMERS ABOUT $3.5RR&LION A YEAR.

>> Reporter: DEALS LIKE THIS AFFECTED THE ROLLOUT OF GENERIC VERSIONS OF POPULAR DRUGS SUCH AS TAMOXIFEN FOR CANCER, LIPITOR FOR HIGH CHOLESTEROL AND NEXIUM FOR HEARTBURN. IT MIGHT NOT SURPRISE YOU WHAT OPPONENTS CALL PAY FOR DELAY DEALS, THE DRUG COMPANIES DESCRIBE COMPLETELY DIFFERENTLY. THE GENERIC MANUFACTURERS SAY THE NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENTS THEY REACH WITH DRUG NAMED MANUFACTURERS ACTUALLY SERVE CONSUMERS WELL. HOW? BECAUSE THEY SAY UNDER THOSE DEALS GENERIC DRUGS HIT THE MARKET BEFORE THE BRAND DRUGS PATENT EXPIRES, AND ONLY BECAUSE THEY'VE CHALLENGED THOSE PATENTS IN THE FIRST PLACE.

>> DO WE WORK OUT A COMPROMISE? LOUDLY, I SAY, YES.

>> Reporter: RALPH NOOEZ, PRESIDENT AND CEO OF THE GENERIC FARM SICTAL ASSOCIATION. HE SAYS THE SETTLEMENT HELPS AVOID COSTLY AND TIME-CONSUMING COURT TRIALS OVER E THE DRUG PATENT CHARGES AND POINTS TO ONE STUDY SHOWING GENERIC MANUFACTURERS SUCCEED LESS THAN HALF THE TIME WHEN THEY DO END UP IN COURT.

>> WE MAY HAVE NO BETTER THAN A 50/50 CHANCE OF WINNING, MAYBE LESS. MAYBE WE CAN PUT SOMETHING ON THE TABLE THAT WILL BE A BRIDGE TO A COMPROMISE. SO IF THIS HAS BEEN PART OF THE SUCCESSFUL EQUATION THAT HAS GOTTEN AFFORDABLE MEDICINES TO CONSUMERS SOONER.

>> Reporter: OPPONENTS WOULD SAY IF IT WEREN'T FOR THESE PAYMENTS THAT WERE BEING MADE, THESE DRUGS MAY HAVE COME TO MARKET EVEN SOONER?

>> ON AVERAGE, A PATENT SETTLEMENT WILL GET THE MEDICINE TO THE MARKET 60 MONTHS IN ADVANCE OF THE PATENT EXPIRATION. SOMETIMES YOU GO ALL THE WAY AND YOU MIGHT GET TEN YEARS OR EIGHT YEARS SOONER, BUT IF YOU ARE PRETTY SURE YOU CAN GET FIVE OR SIX OR SEVEN YEARS, IT'S BETTER TAKING THAT FIVE OR SIX ORçó SEN YEARS RATHER THAN ROLLING THE DICE AND GETTING NOTHING FOR THE CONSUMERS YOU'RE TRYING TO SERVE.

>> Reporter: IN EACH OF THESE CASES, THE GENERIC DOESN'T END UP COMING TO MARKET, MONTHS, SOMETIMES EVEN YEARS, BEFORE THAT PATENT IN QUESTION EXPIRES. SO ISN'T THAT GOOD FOR CONSUMERS?

>> WELL, THE FACT THAT THE GENERIC COMES IN EARLIER COULD IN THEORY BE BETTER BUT YOU HAVE TO COMPARE IT TO THE LIKELIHOOD THAT THE GENERIC WOULD HAVE COME EVEN EARLIER. SO TAKE, FOR EXAMPLE, PROBAJOL. IT'S TRUE THERE IS A GENERIC IN THE MARKET TODAY, BUT WE CONTEND THAT BUT FOR THIS AGREEMENT, CONSUMERS WOULD HAVE HAD ACCESS TO A GENERIC PROBABLY BACK IN 2006. AND THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN YEARS CONSUMERS WOULD HAVE ENJOYED, HAD THEY LAUNCHED IN 2006.

>> Reporter: BUT BECAUSE OF WHAT CRITICS DESCRIBE AS THOSE PAY FOR DELAY DEALS, PROVIJIL DIDN'T GO GENERIC AND KAREN AND OTHER CONSUMERS PAID THE PRICE AND IT TURNS OUT SHE PAID EVEN MORE BECAUSE OF THAT SECOND CONTROVERSY BUSINESS STRATEGY THAT SEFALON USED THEN AND OTHER DRUG MANUFACTURERS CONTINUE TO USE TODAY. SOMETHING OPPONENTS CALL EVERGREENING. THE IDEA IS TO GET CONSUMERS OFF THE DRUGS THEY'RE TAKING, AND ON TO ANOTHER BRAND NAME DRUG THAT THE SAME COMPANY IS MAKING. IN WINKLER'S CASE, OFF PROVIGIL WHOSE PATENT WAS ABOUT TO EXPIRE AND ON TO NUVIVIL. COMPANIES SOMETIMES DO THIS BY JACKING UP PRICES ON THE FIRST DRUG. THAT'S WHAT HAPPENED TO WINKLER WHEN SEEKING RELIEF FROM THE RISING PRICE OF PROVIJIL. HER DOCTOR OFFERED HER NUVIJIL.

>> I THOUGHT, GREAT. HERE'S A SOLUTION. CAME HOME, STARTED TAKING THE PILLS TWO, THREE DAYS AND GOT A POUNDING, POUNDING HEADACHE FROM IT, TO A POINT IT WAS ALMOST LIKE HAVING A MIGRAINE.

>> Reporter: THAT'S WHEN WINKLER WENT ONLINE AND FIGURED OUT WHAT WAS GOING ON.

>> AND WHAT THEY WERE TRYING TO DO WAS TO GET PATIENTS OFF OF PROVIGIL KNOWING IT WAS GOING GENERIC SHORTLY, START TAKING A NEW DRUG, A NEW EXTENDED PATENT PERIOD AND ONCE IT WENT GENERIC, EVERYBODY I NUVIGIL WOULD NOT GO TO A GENERIC DRUG BUT STILL ON THE NUVIGIL.

>> IT'S RARE FOR PATIENTS TO SWITCH BACK ONCE GENERIC COMES INTO THE MARKETPLACE. IT'S A STRATEGY FOR THE BRAND TO HOLD ON TO THE MARKET LONGER, EVEN AFTER THERE'S A GENERIC IN THE MARKETPLACE.

>> Reporter: THIS IS ONE AREA WHEREçó THE GENERIC FARM SU SUITCEUTICAL ASSOCIATION AND FTC FIND COMMON GROUND.

>> THAT'S KEEPING AFFORDABLE MEDICINE FROM PEOPLE WHO DESPERATELY NEED IT, AND WE'RE VERY MUCH AGAINST IT, AND IT'S A BIG ISSUE.

>> Reporter: SO WHAT DOES THE MANUFACTURER SEFALON HAVE TO SAY ABOUT THE TWO BUSINESS STRATEGIES? THE COMPANY WAS AY CHO ACQUIRED TEFLA IN 2011 NAP COMPANY SAID, BELIEVING THAT THE PRO VISIT IGIL SETTLEMENTS ARE LAWFUL AND SERVED TO INCREASE COMPETITION AND@5ñE COMPANY INTENDS TO DEFEND THEM VIGOROUSLY. IN RESPONSE TO THE SECOND, THEY HAD NO COMMENT.

>> HI, BABY.

>> Reporter: WHEN PROVIGIL WENT GENERIC IN 2012, THE PRICE FOR KAREN WINKLER FELL FROM MORE THAN $700 TO $16 FOR A THREE-MONTH SUPPLY. WINKLER WAS ABLE TO GO BACK ON THE DRUG, AND TAKE THE FULL DOSE. SHE SAYS IT'S MADE ALL THE DIFFERENCE. >>> HOW ARE THE COURTS WEIGHING IN ON GENERIC DRUG DELAYS? WATCH THE HANGOUT WITH ED SILVERMAN OF THE "WALL STREET JOURNAL" BLOC. VISIT NEWS HOUR DOT PBS DOT ORG AND VISIT ABOUT DRUG PRICES. >>> NOW TO THE ARTS AND A LOOK AT AN EXHIBIT HERE IN NEW YORK THAT EXAMINES THE NAZI'S EFFORTS TO DO AWAY WITH CERTAIN WORKS THEY CONSIDERED DEGENERATE. THE NEWS HOUR HAS THE REPORT.

>> Reporter: EMPTY FRAMES AND FADED IMPRINTS AREN'T WHAT YOU EXPECT TO SEE AT AN ART SHOW, BUT IN THIS GALLERY, THEY ARE AMONG THE MOST HAUNTING IMAGES, REPRESENTING THE FATE OF THOUSANDS OF MODERN ARTWORKS STOLEN BY THE NAZIS IN THE 1930s, DESTROYED OR REMAIN LOST TO THIS DAY. IT'S PART OF AN EXHIBIT CALLED "DEGENERATE ART ON DISPLAY" UNTIL SEPTEMBER AT THE GALLY IN NEW YORK OFFERING A NEW LOOK OF ASSAULT OF MODERN ART BY THE NAZIS. THE 19th CENTURY PAINTINGS AND SCULPTORS THAT HITLER LOVENED AND ACCEPTED WITH ABSTRACT MODERN ART HE HATED. THIS ART HE LABELED DEGENERATE. WHAT IS IT ABOUT THIS ART HITLER FOUND SO THREATENING?

>> THREATENING WAS THE INTERNATIONAL OR INTELLECTUAL AFFECT OF MODERN ART. SO IT WAS NOT SOMETHING WHICH CAN EASILY UNDERSTAND.

>> Reporter: THIS MAN IS A GERMAN ART HISTORIAN AND CURATOR OF THE EXHIBITION.

>> THEYS D S DIDISLIKED IT BECA WAS DESTROYING TO SOME DEGREE THE CONCEPT OF ARTWORK BY FRAGMENTATION AND THINGS LIKE THAT, BUT ALSO ASPECT OF CONTENT WERE IMPORTANT. FOR EXAMPLE, ARTISTS IN THE PUBLIC, LIKE THESE, PREDICTED PROSTITUTES AND WAR SCENES IN A VERY BRUTAL WAY, AND THE NATIONAL SOCIALISTS WERE PREfRING THE GERMAN AUDIENCE AND THE GERMAN PEOPLE FOR A NEW WAR AND, THEREFORE, REALLY DISLIKED THAT, BUT THEY WANTED INSTEAD OF THESE EMPTY WALL PAINTINGS, FOR EXAMPLE, THE HEROIC SOLDIER.

>> Reporter: THE NAZIS PUT ON SHOW OF DEGENERATE ART IN THE 1930s TO SHAME ARTISTS AND CONVINCE THEM OF THE PERVERSE NATURE. IN FACT, PETERS POINTS OUT A NUMBER OF NAZI OFFICIALS INCLUDING HITLER'S CHIEF OF PROBLEM GAND DA WAS HIMSELF A COLLECTOR. MANY WERE FAITHFUL GERMANS AND SHOCKED BY THE DESIGNATION. A SECTION OF THE GALLERY SHOWS SELF-PORTRAITS OF ARTISTS LIKE XPRES THIS EXPRESSIONIST WHO PAINTED THEIR REACTION TO BEING CAST OUT.

>> WHAT YOU CAN SEE IS THAT HE BLURRED THE ONE SIDE OF HIS FACE SO THAT THERE IS NO EYE ANY LONGER. HE ALSO BLOCKED HIS OWN HAND, BUT THIS IS THOUGHT OF AND A SYMBOL FOR, I'M NOT ABLE TO WORK. MY HANDS ARE BOUND, AND HE ADDED A RED SWASTIKA IN THE BACKGROUND. FOR ME THESE ARE HINTS HE IS REFLECTING HIS OWN STATUS AND HE COMMITTED SUICIDE ONE YEAR LATER.

>> Reporter: AND THEY EXPLORE HOW SEPARATING OUT UNACCEPTABLE ARTWORK WAS USED FOR A JUSTIFICATION FOR PURIFYING GERMAN'S SOCIETY OF JEWS. TWO PHOTOGRAPHS, ONE SHOWING THE LINE OUTSIDE THE DEGENERATE ART EXHIBITION AND ON THE OTHER SIDE SHOWING A TRAIN FULL OF JEWS ARRIVING AT AUSCHWITZ. WHY THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THESE TWO PHOTOGRAPHS?

>> SOMEBODY LIKED SHINLDL ED SC ORGANIZING FOR HOLOCAUST TO FIND A SOLUTION. DESTROYING GERMAN CULTURE BY MODERN ART WAS HUGE BY THE PERPETRATORS. THAT IS THE POINT I WANTED TO MAKE AT THE END OF OUR EXHIBITION.

>> Reporter: BY UNCOVERING THE NAZI'S EFFORT TO CARRY OUT ETHNIC CLEANSING, PETERS HOPES THIS EXHIBITION CAN HELP GUARD AGAINST SIMILAR FUTURE ATTACKS.

>> YOU CAN QUESTION YOURSELF IN AMERICA OR IN GERMANY OR IN EUROPE, BUT YOU HAVE TO QUESTION, OF COURSE, THAT IN CHINA OR IN RUSSIA WHAT IS THE STATUS OF MODERN ART AND HOW IS IT ENDANGERED WHEN IT IS LIMITED? WHEN THERE IS CENSORSHIP AND THINGS LIKE THAT. YOU CAN FLERN HISTORY;8÷ AND I THINK THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST TELLING EXAMPLES WHEN IT COMES TO THE MODERN ART IN A SOCIETY. >>> JOIN US ON-AIR AND ONLINE TOMORROW. RAP MUSIC LYRICS PLAYING AN INCREASINGLY PROMINENT ROLE IN CRIMINAL CASES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

>> I CAN TELL YOU THAT IT'S IN THE HUNDREDS. HUNDREDS OF INSTANCES.

>> HUNDREDS OF INSTANCES WHERE RAP LYRICS ARE USED AT SOME POINT IN THE CRIM NINAL JUSTICE PROCESS. >>> THIS IS PBS NEWS HOUR WEEKEND SATURDAY. >>> WE WERE REMINDED TODAY OF THE WORLDWIDE APPEAL OF AMERICAN POP MUSIC WHEN WE SAW HOW MUCH TIME OUR BRITISH PARTNERS AT ITN DEVOTED TO THEIR OBITUARY OF BOBBY WOMACK, THE INFLUENTIAL R&B SINGER DIED LAT NIGHT AT THE AGE OF 70. HELEN CALLAHAN REPORTS. ♪ ♪

>> Reporter: HE MAY HAVE STARTED OUT IN AN OHIO GHETTO, BUT WOMACK WROTE AND SANG HIS WAY OUT, RIGHT INTO THE ROCK AND ROLL HALL OF FAME. OVER THE PAST 50 YEARS HIS INS INFLUENCES FROM SOUL, R&B AND POP ARE ENORMOUS. HAVE VALENTINO TO THE SOLO ARTIST AND AS A COLLABORATOR WITH OTHER MUSICIANS. HE WROTE FOR OTHERS, TOO, AND FOUND WORLDWIDE FAME WHEN HE ANNOUNCED THE ROLLINGSTONES TO RECORD HIS STONE "IT'S ALL OVER NOW." ♪ LIFELONG FRIEND RONNIE WOOD LED THE. TRIBUTES WRITING ON TWITTER, THE MAN WHO COULD MAKE YOU CRY WHEN HE SANG BROUGHT TEARS TO MY EYES WITH HIS PASSING. AND DAMON, RECENTLY WORKED WITH BOBBY WOMACK WROTE, I WILL SEE MY BROTHER IN CHURCH. ♪ WOULD IT BE YOU LIKE THE SKIES FALLING ♪

>> Reporter: THE PAIR FAMOUSLY PLAYED TOGETHER, AND BOBBY WOMACK TESTED EARLY ON BY DRUG ADDICTION, AND AFFECTED BY CANCER AND ALZHEIMER'S AND DIED AT AGE 70. HIS MUSICAL LEGACY GOES ON.

>> THANK YOU SO MUCH. [ CHEERS AND APPLAUSE ]( >>> LATE NEWS BEFORE WE LEAVE YOU TONIGHT. THE MAN SUSPECTED OF ORCHESTRATING THE 2012 ATTACK IN BENGHAZI, LIBYA, PLEADED NOT GUILTY IN FEDERAL COURT IN WASHINGTON TODAY. HE WAS FLOWN TO THE CAPITAL THIS MORNING. FOUR INTERNATIONAL MONITORS HELD CAPTIVE FOR A MONTH BY PRO-RUSSIAN SEPARATISTS IN EASTERN UKRAINE WERE FREED TODAY. FIVE ROCKETS FIRED FROM GAZA HIT ISRAEL. ISRAELI AIRCRAFT LATER HIT MISSILES, MISSILE LAUNCHERS IN GAZA. NO DEATHS REPORTED. THE PILOT WHO CO-FOUNDED SOUTHWEST AIRLINES HAS DIED. ROLAND KING WAS 83. >>> AND A SPOILER ALERT. WORLD CUP FAVORITE BRAZIL BARELY SURVIVED A ROUND OF 16 AFTER ONE SHOT IN EXTRA TIME BY A CHILEAN HIT THE CROSSBAR AND ANOTHER RICOCHETED OFF THE POST. GOOD NIGHT.

>> Announcer: PBS NEWS HOUR WEEKEND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY, LEWIS B. AND LOUISE HIRSCHFELD KOMEN. JOYCE B. HAIL. THE WALLACH FAMILY, IN MEMORY OF MIRIAM AND IRA D. WALLACH. THE SHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN FAMILY, BERNARD AND IRENE SCHWARTZ. THE CITY FOUNDATION. ROSALIND P. WALTER. CORPORATE FUNDING PROVIDED BY -- MUTUAL OF AMERICA, DESIGNING CUSTOMIZED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS. THAT'S WHY WE'RE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY -- AND BY -- THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING, AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU.

>> ALL THESE PEOPLE COME FROM DIFFERENT WALKS OF LIFE BUT THEY HAVE ONE THING IN COMMON.

>> I WAS HOME JUST, IT WAS JUST AN ORDINARY DAY AND HE SAID NO LET'S GO SIT ON THE COUCH THERE'S SOMETHING I NEEDED TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT. SO HE JUST, HE JUST CAME OUT WITH IT. THERE WAS NO PREPARATION FOR IT.

>> YOU BEGIN THINKING ALL OF AGAIN OF THE DREAMS YOU'VE DREAMED FOR YOUR CHILD AND THIS WAS NOT ONE OF YOUR DREAMS. THIS WAS NOT IN THE PLAN OF LIFE YOU HAD HOPED FOR YOUR CHILD.

>> I ALWAYS SORT OF CONSIDERED MYSELF LIBERAL