PBS NewsHour; February 18, 2014 3:00pm-4:00pm PST

Captioning sponsored by MacNEIL/LEHRER PRODUCTIONS

>> Ifill: DEADLY VIOLENCE SHATTERED THE BEGINNINGS OF A TENTATIVE TRUCE IN UKRAINE, AS POLICE CLASHED WITH PROTESTORS, AND KIEV'S MAIN OPPOSITION CAMP BURNED AGAINST THE NIGHT SKY. GOOD EVENING, I'M GWEN IFILL.

>> Woodruff: AND I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. ALSO AHEAD THIS TUESDAY, JUST HOW IMPORTANT ARE THE S.A.T. AND THE A.C.T.? A NEW STUDY SUGGESTS STUDENTS' SCORES ON THOSE TESTS DON'T SAY MUCH ABOUT HOW THEY'LL DO IN COLLEGE.

>> Ifill: PLUS, THE STORY OF A SMALL CARRIBEAN FACTORY MAKING SPORTSWEAR FOR BIG U.S. ATHLETIC PROGRAMS. TRYING TO BREAK EVEN WHILE PAYING ITS WORKERS A LIVING WAGE.

>> EVERY GARMENT HAS A HANGTAG ON IT, HAS A PICTURE OF ONE OF OUR EMPLOYEES.

>> I CAN AFFORD FOOD, CLEAN WATER, AND MEDICINE FOR MY CHILDREN WHEN THEY'RE SICK BECAUSE OF YOUR PURCHASE OF THESE CLOTHES

>> Ifill: THOSE ARE JUST SOME OF THE STORIES WE'RE COVERING ON TONIGHT'S PBS NEWSHOUR.

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>> I'VE BEEN AROUND LONG ENOUGH TO RECOGNIZE THE PEOPLE WHO ARE OUT THERE OWNING IT. THE ONES GETTING INVOLVED, STAYING ENGAGED. THEY ARE NOT AFRAID TO QUESTION THE PATH THEY'RE ON. BECAUSE THE ONE QUESTION THEY NEVER WANT TO ASK IS, "HOW DID I END UP HERE?" I STARTED SCHWAB WITH THOSE PEOPLE. PEOPLE WHO WANT TO TAKE OWNERSHIP OF THEIR INVESTMENTS, LIKE THEY DO IN EVERY OTHER ASPECT OF THEIR LIVES.

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>> Woodruff: THE CAPITAL OF UKRAINE ERUPTED IN FIGHTING AND FIRE TODAY, WITH OFFICIALS REPORTING MORE THAN A DOZEN PEOPLE KILLED. THE BATTLE IN KIEV STRETCHED INTO THE NIGHT, PITTING THE PRO- RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT AGAINST PROTESTERS DEMANDING CLOSER TIES WITH THE WEST. WE HAVE A REPORT NARRATED BY JAMES MATES OF INDEPENDENT TELEVISION NEWS. HAS BEEN ASKING WHEN THE UKRAINIAN AUTHORITIES WOULD MOVE TO CLEAR THE DEMONSTRATORS FROM A KIEV'S MAIN SQUARE. AT 8:00 P.M. LOCAL TIME RANKS RIOT POLICE, ARMORED VEHICLE DECIDED TO MOVE IN AND MET WITH VOLLEY'S OF BOMBS AND FIREWORKS. THE DEMONSTRATORS HAVE PREPARED THEIR DEFENSES WELL, BARRICADE, TIRES, ANTI-VEHICLES ALL QUICKLY ABLAZE TO STOP THE ADVANCING TROOPS BUT STUN GRENADES, RUBBER BULLETS ALL SLOWLY BEAT DOWN THE RESISTANCE IN THEIR FIRE. EVEN BEFORE NIGHT FALL IN KIEV, NINE PEOPLE HAVE DIED, INCLUDING TWO POLICEMEN. THAT TOLL IS NOW KNOWN TO BE RAISING WITH EVERY PASSING HOUR. THE VIOLENCE OF THE GUN SPIRALING OUT OF CONTROL MUCH EARLIER IN THE DAY AS POLICE LINES BROUGHT TO MARCH TOWARDS THE COUNTRY'S HEART. BY THE STANDARDS OF THE LAST THREE MONTHS, THIS WAS VERY NASTY. A LOAN PIPER FIGHTING ALL AROUND MAY HAVE LIFTED SPIRITS. THE POLICE MARKS MEN FIRING WHAT MAY HAVE BEEN RUBBER BULLETS, MAY HAVE BEEN SOMETHING WORSE, A FOREWARNING COMING UP. INSIDE THE COUNTRY'S PARLIAMENT, SUPPORTERS ARE SIMILAR, PHYSICALLY PREVENTING OPPOSITION MP FROM TABLING A MOTION TO DEBATE THE COUNTRY'S CONSTITUTION. THE MAN WHO LEADS THE OPPOSITION, FORMER HEAVY WAIT CHAMPION PLEADED WITH THE PRESIDENT TO STEP BACK FROM CONFRONTATIONS. I AM ADDRESSING THE PRESIDENT HE SAID. IN HIS HANDS LIES ALL RESPONSIBILITY AND AUTHORITY. ONLY HE CAN MANAGE THE SITUATION. THERE MAY BE NO MANAGING THIS SITUATION. THIS EXTRAORDINARY PICTURE HAS JUST EMERGED ON YOUTUBE IN THE LAST FEW MINUTES. THE POLICE PERSONNEL BEING ENGULFED IN FLAMES. A SHORT TIME AGO REPORTS SPOKE OF 14 DEAD, SIX OF THEM POLICE OFFICERS. JUDGING BY THESE PICTURES, THE REAL FIGURE MAY YET BE MUCH HIGHER.

>> THE WHITEHOUSE CONDEMN THE

>> Woodruff: THE WHITE HOUSE CONDEMNED THE VIOLENCE, SAYING FORCE WILL NOT RESOLVE THE CRISIS.

>> Woodruff: PROTESTS ALSO TURNED DEADLY IN THAILAND, WHERE AT LEAST FOUR PEOPLE WERE KILLED AND DOZENS HURT. GUN BATTLES BROKE OUT IN BANGKOK WHEN RIOT POLICE TRIED TO CLEAR DEMONSTRATORS FROM MULTIPLE SITES. THEY'VE BEEN DEMANDING THAT THE PRIME MINISTER STEP DOWN. TENSIONS ESCALATED IN VENEZUELA TODAY AFTER AN OPPOSITION LEADER WAS ARRESTED ON CHARGES OF INCITING UNREST AND VIOLENCE. THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE FLOODED THE STREETS, DEMANDING THE OUSTER OF SOCIALIST PRESIDENT NICOLAS MADURO. HIS SUPPORTERS STAGED A COUNTER- DEMONSTRATION. IN IRAQ, A STRING OF CAR BOMBINGS LEFT 49 PEOPLE DEAD AND 90 WOUNDED. EXPLOSIONS HIT MAINLY SHI-ITE SECTIONS OF BAGHDAD AND IN AND AROUND THE SOUTHERN CITY OF HILLA. THE CAR BOMBS LEFT WRECKAGE AND BURNED-OUT BUILDINGS IN THEIR WAKE. A POLICE CHIEF IN HILLA BLAMED AN AL-QAEDA FACTION THAT'S TAKEN RESPONSIBILITY FOR PREVIOUS ATTACKS. AN ISLAMIST GROUP IN EGYPT HAS CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY FOR SUNDAY'S BOMBING THAT TARGETED TOURISTS. THE GROUP ALSO WARNED ALL TOURISTS TO LEAVE EGYPT BY FEBRUARY 20. TWO SOUTH KOREAN TOURISTS AND THEIR EGYPTIAN DRIVER DIED IN SUNDAY'S ATTACK. OFFICIALS SAY A SUICIDE BOMBING RIPPED THEIR BUS APART, NEAR THE RESORT TOWN OF TABA. THE U.S. MAY TRADE WITH THE TALIBAN IN AFGHANISTAN, TO WIN THE RETURN OF CAPTIVE ARMY SERGEANT BOWE BERGDAHL. HE WAS TAKEN PRISONER THERE IN 2009. NOW, THE WASHINGTON POST REPORTS THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION HAS REFRESHED A PREVIOUS OFFER TO RELEASE, IN EXCHANGE, FIVE TALIBAN MILITANTS FROM THE GUANTANAMO PRISON. THAT DREW THIS RESPONSE FROM WHITE HOUSE SPOKESMAN JAY CARNEY.

>> WE ARE NOT INVOLVED IN ACTIVE NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE TALIBAN. IF NEGOTIATIONS WERE TO RESUME, WE WOULD CERTAINLY PRESS THE CASE OF SERGEANT BERGDAHL. IN THE MEANTIME, WE ARE ACTIVELY ENGAGED IN AN EFFORT TO SEE HIS RETURN. I CAN'T DOCUMENT EVERY EFFORT, BUT THAT INCLUDES OUR MILITARY, OUR INTELLIGENCE AND OUR DIPLOMATIC TOOLS.

>> Woodruff: IN RECENT MONTHS, U.S. OFFICIALS RECEIVED NEW VIDEO OF BERGDAHL IN CAPTIVITY. IT APPARENTLY SHOWED HIM IN DECLINING HEALTH BUT NOT GRAVELY ILL. FORMAL TALKS BEGAN TODAY ON A LONG-TERM NUCLEAR DEAL WITH IRAN. THE U.S., BRITAIN, FRANCE, CHINA, RUSSIA AND GERMANY CONVENED IN VIENNA WITH IRANIAN NEGOTIATORS. BUT THE IRANIANS QUICKLY REJECTED ANY DEMAND TO GET RID OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES. THIS ROUND OF TALKS IS EXPECTED TO LAST THREE DAYS. OPPONENTS OF RUSSIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN GRABBED SOME OF THE SPOTLIGHT AT THE WINTER OLYMPICS IN SOCHI TODAY. TWO MEMBERS OF THE PUNK ROCK BAND PUSSY RIOT, IN THEIR TRADEMARK SKI MASKS, WERE DETAINED BY POLICE FOR SEVERAL HOURS. THEY CHARGED THEY'VE BEEN HARASSED SINCE ARRIVING ON SUNDAY.

>> ( translated ): WE WERE CONSTANTLY STOPPED BY PEOPLE FROM VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS, LIKE THE POLICE, FEDERAL SECURITY SERVICE, BORDER CONTROL OFFICERS, WE ARE CONSTANTLY SURROUNDED BY PEOPLE, NOT YOU JOURNALISTS, BUT PEOPLE WHO ARE SHADOWING US, FOLLOWING OUR EVERY MOVE AND LOOKING FOR ANY EXCUSE TO DETAIN US.

>> Woodruff: THE BAND MEMBERS ALREADY SERVED PRISON TIME FOR AN ANTI-PUTIN EVENT IN 2012. THEY'VE URGED A BOYCOTT OF THE WINTER GAMES. AS FOR THE COMPETITION, A SPOILER ALERT: TUNE OUT FOR A MOMENT, IF YOU DON'T WANT TO KNOW RESULTS JUST YET. AMERICAN DAVID WISE WON THE GOLD IN THE MEN'S SKI HALFPIPE. THE DUTCH SWEPT THE MEN'S 10,000 METER SPEEDSKATING. AND SLOVENIA'S TINA MAZE CAPTURED THE GIANT SLALOM. WE'LL TALK MORE ABOUT EVENTS IN SOCHI LATER IN THE PROGRAM.

>> Woodruff: THE WINTER OLYMPICS MAY NEED MORE SNOW, BUT IN JAPAN, IT'S JUST THE OPPOSITE. THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE REMAINED CUT OFF TODAY, FOUR DAYS AFTER A MAJOR STORM. AT LEAST 23 PEOPLE HAVE DIED. THE STORM DUMPED MORE THAN THREE FEET OF SNOW ACROSS THE CENTRAL PART OF THE COUNTRY, BREAKING A CENTURY-LONG RECORD. THE MILITARY'S BEEN CALLED OUT TO HELP CLEAR ROADS AND DELIVER FOOD AND SUPPLIES. WINTER'S LATEST BLAST IN THE UNITED STATES BLEW FROM THE GREAT LAKES REGION INTO NEW ENGLAND TODAY. SNOWFALL RANGED FROM SIX INCHES IN WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA TO TEN INCHES IN NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND. FOR MANY, IT WAS ANOTHER DAY OF PLOWING STREETS AND REMOVING SNOW FROM ROOFS. OTHERS TOOK ADVANTAGE OF YET ANOTHER DAY OFF TO GET IN SOME RECREATION. IN ECONOMIC NEWS, THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE REPORTED THE PRESIDENT'S PLAN TO RAISE THE MINIMUM WAGE TO $10.10 AN HOUR WOULD BOOST EARNINGS FOR MORE THAN 16 MILLION PEOPLE. IT ALSO SAID EMPLOYERS WOULD CUT HALF A MILLION JOBS. AND ON WALL STREET, THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE LOST NEARLY 24 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 16,130. THE NASDAQ ROSE MORE THAN 28 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 4,272. CANADIAN-BORN WRITER MAVIS GALLANT, KNOWN FOR HER MASTERY OF SHORT STORIES, DIED TODAY AT HER APARTMENT IN PARIS. SHE WAS BORN IN MONTREAL, STARTED OUT AS A JOURNALIST AND WENT ON TO PUBLISH MORE THAN 100 SHORT STORIES. SCORES OF THEM APPEARED IN "THE NEW YORKER", AND IN COLLECTED FORM. MAVIS GALLANT WAS 91 YEARS OLD. STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR: DEADLY VIOLENCE FUELS UNREST IN UKRAINE; WHAT S.A.T. AND A.C.T. SCORES SAY ABOUT COLLEGE SUCCESS; THE PUSH TOWARD PERSONALIZED POLITICAL ADS; A FACTORY TRYING TO BUCK THE TREND TOWARD LOWER WAGES; PLUS, THE LATEST FROM THE SOCHI OLYMPICS; AND SHEDDING LIGHT ON WHAT HUNGER IN THE U.S. LOOKS LIKE.

>> Ifill: THE MAYHEM AND DEADLY VIOLENCE TODAY IN KIEV MARKED AN ESCALATION OF THE MORE THAN TWO MONTHS OF SPORADIC PROTEST AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE, THAT HAS ENSNARED EUROPE, RUSSIA AND THE U.S. TO ASSESS THIS LATEST UNREST WE TURN TO: STEVEN PIFER, FORMER U.S. AMBASSADOR TO THE UKRAINE DURING THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION. HE'S NOW AT THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION. AND ADRIAN KARATNYCKY, A SENIOR FELLOW AT THE ATLANTIC COUNCIL. STEVEN PIFER, TODAY THE FOREIGN POLICY CHIEF OF THE EUROPEAN UNION SAID SOMEONE'S GOING TO GET TO THE ROOT CAUSES OF THIS UNREST. WHAT ARE THE ROOT CAUSES?

>> WELL, THE ORIGINAL CAUSE OF THIS DEMONSTRATIONS WAS THE DECISION BY THE PRESIDENT IN NOVEMBER TO SLOW DOWN UKRAINE'S EFFORT TO DRIVE CLOSER THE EUROPEAN UNION BY THE ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT. SINCE THEN IT'S GROWING. WE NOW HAVE PEOPLE OUT THERE WHO ARE UNHAPPY ABOUT THE CORRUPTION THEY'VE SEEN WHICH HAS GROWN WORSE UNDER THE PRESIDENT'S TENURE. THEY'RE UNHAPPY ABOUT THE GOVERNMENT. SO WE'VE GOT A LOT THAT IS REPRESENTED BY THESE PEOPLE IN THE CENTRAL SQUARE IN KIEV.

>> Ifill: ADRIAN KARATNYCKY YOU AND STEVEN PIFER ARE GLUED TO THE PROTEST IN THE MAIN SQUARE. WE'RE LOOKING AT IT LIVE RIGHT NOW. WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE REASON FOR THIS CRACK DOWN NOW WHEN WE THOUGHT IT HAD EASED FOR A WHILE.

>> WELL, I DO THINK THAT THERE WAS A PENT UP ANGER ON THE PART OF THE DEMONSTRATORS WHO WANT A RESOLUTION AFTER THREE MONTHS OF PEACEFUL PROTESTS. AND THEY MARCHED PEACEFULLY TODAY AND THEY WERE MET WITH ASSAULT AND ATTACKS INITIALLY FROM GANGS THAT HAVE BEEN HIRED BY THE GOVERNMENT TO BEAT UP THE OPPOSITION. THE POLICE THEN JOINED THE MALAY AND VIOLENCE SPIRALED. SO I THINK WHAT INITIALLY STARTED AS A SHOW OF FORCE TO PRESS THE GOVERNMENT INTO A CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM THAT WOULD ALLOW THE COUNTRY TO MOVE AWAY FROM A HIGHLY CENTRALIZED SYSTEM, WOULD BE ONE OF THE KEY ELEMENTS IN LEADING TO AN ACCOMMODATION WAS THE INITIAL REASON FOR THE PROTEST AND THE PROTEST DISINTEGRATED IN THE FACE OF VIOLENCE AND BROKE DOWN. I SHOULD SAY THAT MANY, IN THE LAST WEEK, THOUSANDS OF UKRAINIAN OPPOSITIONISTS HAVE BEEN ORGANIZING INTO VERY DISCIPLINED ORGANIZIZED SELL DEFENSE GROUPS. SEVERAL THOUSAND OF THEM ARE ON THE PUBLIC SQUARE. IN THE FACE OF VIOLENCE WHICH INITIALLY CLAIMED FIVE PEOPLE IN MID JANUARY AND TERRIBLE BEATINGS OF HUNDREDS AND THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE, CONCUSSIONS OF PEOPLE, OF DOZENS OF PEOPLE, DEATH SQUADS OPERATING. THERE WAS A MOVEMENT TOWARDS SELF-DEFENSE AND THIS IS LIKELY TO ACCELERATE IN THE FACE OF THIS VIOLENCE.

>> Ifill: STEVEN PIFER, WHERE IS THE U.S. IN THIS? WE KNOW THAT THE AMBASSADOR TO UKRAINE, THE U.S. AMBASSADOR HAS BEEN TWEETING NON-STOP ALL DAY, VERY VERY CRITICAL OF THE GOVERNMENT THERE. WE HEAR LATE THIS AFTERNOON THAT VICE PRESIDENT BIDEN CALLED THE PRESIDENT AND TOLD HIM TO STEP BACK FROM THE BRINK. DOES THE U.S. HAVE LEVERAGE?

>> WELL, I THINK FIRST OF ALL YOU'VE SEEN THE JUDGMENT BY THE U.S. GOVERNMENT THAT THE PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY FOR TODAY'S VIOLENCE AND THE PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY FOR STOPPING THIS LIES BEYOND THE CURRENT GOVERNMENT. I THINK THAT'S VERY CLEAR FROM WHAT YOU HEARD FROM THE AMBASSADOR AND ALSO FROM THE WHITEHOUSE'S STATEMENT. NOW I THINK AT THE END OF THE DAY, THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR RESOLVING THIS CRISES RESTS ON UKRAINE. YEW CRANES HAVE TUKRAINES HAVE . THE U.S. AND THE EUROPEAN UNION DO HAVE SOME LEVERAGE THAT'S THROUGH TARGETED AND FINANCIAL SANCTIONS. THAT WILL BE USED WITH TWO GOALS. ONE GOAL WOULD BE TO MAKE CLEAR THAT ANYONE WHO ENGAGES IN THE USE OF FORCE OR VIOLENCE IS GOING TO BE PUNISHED IN TERMS OF NO VISAS TO TRAVEL TO THE WEST. A SECOND SORT OF SANCTIONS THAT WOULD AIM AT THOSE IN THE CENTER CIRCLE AROUND MR. YANAKOVICH TO SANCTIONS IF THEY DO NOT ENCOURAGE HIM TO ENGAGE IN A DIALOGUE AND STOP THE USE OF FORCE. THOSE PEOPLE LIKE TO TRAVEL TO LONDON, THEY KEEP THEIR MONEY IN WESTERN BANKS. IF THAT BECAME ENDANGERED THEY MIGHT WELL THEN APPLY PRESSURE TO YANACOVIC AND BEGIN A DIALOGUE.

>> Ifill: WE KNOW RUSSIA HAS PLAYED A PRETTY BIG ROLE RELEASING $2 BRILLIANT IN -- BILLION. THIS IS INDEED A PROXY WAR BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE U.S. TAKING OPPOSITE SIDES OF A FIGHT THAT'S PLAYING OUT IN THE SQUARE.

>> I DON'T THINK IT'S A PROXY WAR BETWEEN THE U.S. EXPWHT EU ON ONE SIDE AND RUSSIA IN THE OTHER BUT RUSSIA IS DEEPLY ENGAGED. IT IS WELL-KNOWN FROM MY VOARSZ WHICH ARE CLOSE TO THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY THAT RUSSIAN ADVISORS ARE WORKING WITH THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS AND GAINING THE ATTACKS ON THE PUBLIC SQUARE. AND I BELIEVE THAT THE RUSSIANS HAVE ALL ALONG MISCALCULATED THE NATURE AND THE DEPTH OF PUBLIC ANGER AS HAS MR. YANOKOVICH AND THIS CAN LEAD TO A CATASTROPHIC LOSS OF LIFE THAT WILL NOT END UP IN THE WELLIN QUELLING OF PR. AS WE SPEAK NOW IN THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF UKRAINE, MILITIA OFFICERS ARE TAKEN OVER WHERE MILITIA PEOPLE ARE LEAVING VIOLENTLY IF THEY'RE RESISTING. THAT MEANS WEAPONS OF SUBSTANTIAL PROPORTION ARE GOING TO BE IN THE HANDS OF THE PUBLIC. THERE ARE THREE MILLION FIREARMS THAT ARE HELD BY CITIZENS LEGALLY IN THE UKRAINE. WE'VE ALREADY SEEN SOME SNIPERS OPERATING ON THE SIDE OF THE PROTESTERS. SEVEN POLICE HAVE BEEN KILLED, TWO MEMBERS OF THE PARTY OF REGIONS, WHICH IS THE RULING PARTY, AND AT THE MOMENT THE TOLL IS UP TO 20 DEMONSTRATORS INCLUDING IN THE LAST HOUR 14 PEOPLE KILLED, WHICH PREVIOUSLY BY AGREEMENT HAD BEEN A TERRITORY THAT WAS, THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAD JUST LAST WEEK AGREED WITH. AND TODAY THEY DECIDED TO BREAK THAT AGREEMENT AND TO ATTACK THE MAINLY PEACEFUL PROTESTERS THAT HAVE BEEN GATHERING THERE FOR MONTHS.

>> Ifill: LET ME ASK YOU THOUGH, FINALLY BRIEFLY, STARTING WITH YOU STEVEN PIFER, IS THERE ROOM FOR RENEWED DIALOGUE OR IS THIS GETTING OUT OF CONTROL TONIGHT.

>> I THINK IT'S ON THE VERGE OF SPINNING OUT OF CONTROL. THERE WAS A CHANCE FOR DIALOGUE. HAVING A GENUINE DIALOGUE IS NOT GOING TO BE AN EASY TASK. IT HAS BECOME MUCH MORE DIFFICULT BY THE DECISION THAT'S BEEN TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT OF UKRAINE TO USE FORCE. THERE IS STILL A CHANCE.

>> I THINK THE REAL ISSUE IS THERE ARE A NUMBER OF MEMBERS OF MR. YANOKOVICH TO THE OLIGARCHS OF UKRAINE, THE BUSINESSMEN. THEY HAVE INDICATED CROSSING THE LINE INTO MASS VIOLENCE TOWARDS THE DECLARATION OF MARSHALL LAW AND THE SUPPRESSION OF PROTEST VERY VIOLENTLY IS SOMETHING THEY DO NOT SUPPORT. THE REAL QUESTION IS WHETHER THEY WILL ACT IN THE COMING DAYS IN THE PARLIAMENT TO SIGNAL THEIR DISAFFECTION. THAT I THINK WOULD LANCE THE BOILS SO TO SPEAK AND WOULD TAKE SOME OF THE AIR OUT OF MYSTERY UNDER HIS AUTHORITY AND I THINK THAT COULD CREATE THE POSSIBILITY. BUT I DON'T BELIEVE THERE YANOKOVICH IS INTERESTED IN ANYTHING BUT A SUPPRESSION OF THESE PROTESTS AND I THINK HE IS GEARING UP FOR A TERRIBLE BATTLE THAT COULD DRIFT INTO CIVIL WAR. I THINK THE ONLY WAY TO STOP HIM IS APPRECIATE ON THE OLIGARCHS AND ON THE BUSINESS GROUPS TO ESTABLISH THEIR DISSENSION WITH HIM AND TO BREAK RANKS AND CREATE A NEW PROCESS THAT WOULD PUT THE PRESIDENT ON THE DEFENSIVE.

>> Ifill: A TERRIBLE NIGHT IN KEY, ADRIAN KARATNYCKY OF THE ATLANTIC COUNCIL AND STEPHEN PIFER FORMER AMBASSADOR TO THE UKRAINE. THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Woodruff: IT'S ONE OF THOSE TIMES OF THE YEAR WHEN HIGH SCHOOL JUNIORS AIMING FOR COLLEGE ARE GETTING READY TO TAKE THE S.A.T. OR THE A.C.T. BUT A LARGE NEW STUDY IS CHALLENGING THE VALUE OF THESE WELL-KNOWN STANDARDIZED TESTS. RESEARCHERS LOOKED AT 33 PUBLIC AND PRIVATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES WHERE IT'S OPTIONAL FOR APPLICANTS TO SUBMIT THEIR TEST SCORES. IN ALL, THE STUDY EXAMINED THE RECORDS OF 123,000 STUDENTS FROM MORE THAN 20 STATES. IT FOUND THAT TEST SCORES DID NOT CORRELATE WITH HOW WELL A STUDENT FARED IN COLLEGE BASED ON GRADES AND GRADUATION RATES. THE PAPER HAS RAISED A VARIETY OF QUESTIONS FROM SEVERAL CORNERS. WE TURN TO ITS LEAD AUTHOR, WILLIAM HISS, THE FORMER DEAN OF ADMISSIONS AT BATES COLLEGE IN MAINE, WHICH IS, WE SHOULD NOTE, A TEST-OPTIONAL SCHOOL. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR JOINING US. FIRST OF ALL, WHY DID YOU UNDERTAKE THIS STUDY?

>> I'VE BEEN LOOKING AT THIS ISSUE FOR OVER 30 YEARS. I'M TRAINED, SO I WAS THE TRYING TO FIND THE PERFORM LAW TO ADMIT STUDENTS WHEN I WAS DEAN OF ADMISSIONS. RATHER, I WAS TRYING TO SAY, HOW DO WE UNDERSTAND HUMAN INTELLIGENCE, HOW DO WE UNDERSTAND PROMISE. AND ORIGINALLY, BEGAN LOOKING AT WHETHER STANDARDIZED TESTING HELPED US TO CHOOSE TALENTED STUDENTS OR WHETHER IT ARTIFICIALLY TRUNCATED THE POOLS OF PEOPLE WHO WOULD SUCCEED IF WE WOULD GIVE THEM A CHANCE.

>> Woodruff: SO YOU HAD AN IDEA IN YOUR MIND OF WHAT THE ANSWER WOULD BE BEFORE YOU UNDERTOOK THIS?

>> WELL, WE'VE DONE, AT FIVE YEAR INTERVALS FOR 30 YEARS, STUDIES OF THE BATES SMIRT SMITS AN --SMITHERS AND NON-SUBMITTER.

>> Woodruff: STUDENTS WHO DIDN'T SUBMIT THEIR TEST SCORES.

>> WE WANTED TO DO A STUDY THAT WAS A NATIONAL STUDY. I WAS FRANKLY SURPRISED TO FIND HOW CLOSELY THE NATIONAL STUDIES RESULTS LINED UP WITH THE LONG HISTORY OF STUDIES WE'VE DONE AT BATES. AND SO TELL US WHA>> Woodruff: S WHAT WERE THE MAIN FINDINGS.

>> THE MAIN FINDING IS THAT IF STUDENTS HAVE STRONG HIGH SCHOOL RECORDS, GOOD GRADES IN HIGH SCHOOL, THERE ARE ODDS IN COLLEGE IS VERY GOOD EVEN WITH A QUITE WIDE RANGE OF TESTING. OF THE 123,000 STUDENTS IN OUR STUDIED, WE HAD APPROXIMATELY 30% HAD NOT SUBMITTED THERE TESTS OR HAD NOT HAD THEM USED FOR ADMISSIONS DECISIONS. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE GPA'S IN COLLEGE TURNED OUT TO BE FIVE 100THS OF A GPA POINT. THE DIFFERENCE IN GRADUATION RATES TURNED OUT TO BE SIX TENTHS OF 1%. BY ANY STATISTICAL STANDARD THOSE ARE TRIVIAL DIFFERENCES.

>> Woodruff: IT'S COMMONLY BEEN ACCEPTED THOUGH FOR MANY YEARS THAT THESE TESTS HELP IN DETERMINING WHETHER STUDENTS SHOULD BE ACCEPTED AT COLLEGE. WHAT DO YOU THINK THESE RESULTS SHOULD SAY TO COLLEGES THAT ARE TODAY INSISTING THAT STUDENTS SEND IN SUBMIT THEIR TEST RESULTS.

>> I THINK THAT COLLEGES WILL PROBABLY DOING SOME HOPEFULLY ANALYSIS OF THEIR OWN PREDIRKSZ COLLEGE BY COLLEGE MUCH. THIS IS A NATIONAL STUDY SO IT LOOKS ACROSS INSTITUTIONAL TYPES. OF THE HUNDRED AND 23,000 STUDENTS IN OUR STUDY, 71,000 WERE AT PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES, ANOTHER 12,000 WERE AT MINORITY SERVING INSTITUTIONS. WE HAD 20 PRIVATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN OUR STUDY. SO THERE'S A VERY WIDE VARIETY. BUT I HOPE INSTITUTIONS WILL ASK THEMSELVES THE QUESTION, WOULD WE OPEN UP OUR APPLICANT POOLS MORE. WOULD WE SEE LARGER NUMBERS OF STUDENTS WHO WOULD SUCCEED IF IN ONE WAY OR ANOTHER WE DEEMPHASIZED THE TESTING. AND THAT ESSENTIALLY IS WHAT BATES HAS FOUND OR OVER THE YEARS OUR APPLICANT POOL WENT FROM 2200 TO 5200 FOR ABOUT THE SAME SIZE CLASS. DO YOU GET A BETTER CLASS WITH TWO AND-A-HALF TIMES AS MANY APPLICANTS? OF COURSE. OF COURSE YOU DO. AND ON ALL THE SCALES, NOT JUST ACADEMIC SUCCESS, BUT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE COLLEGE COMMUNITY IN A VARIETY OF WAYS.

>> Woodruff: WHAT DO YOU SAY TO REPRESENTATIVES OF THE COLLEGE BOARD. THIS IS THE BODY THAT ADMINISTERS THE S.A.T. THAT THEY SAY MULTIPLE SURVEYS THEY'VE DONE OVER THE YEARS, TESTS THEY'VE DONE, EVALUATIONS, SHOW THAT THIS TEST IS AN ACCURATE PREDICTOR OF COLLEGE SUCCESS. THEY ALSO SAY, I'M QUOTING NOW HIGH QUALITY RESEARCH SHOWS NEED OF THE S.A.T. NOR HIGH SCHOOL GRADE POINT AVERAGE SHOULD BE USED ALONE WHEN MAKING COLLEGE ADMISSION DECISIONS.

>> WELL, I WOULD TEND TO AGREE WITH THE SECOND POINT. AND I WOULD SAY STUDENTS SHOULD TRY TO SHOW US WHAT THEY BROUGHT TO SOME HIGH LEVEL OF SUCCESS. IT NEED BE A DEBATE OR SOCCER GOALIE OR COMMUNITY SERVICE BUT I AGREE WE SHOULD LOOK AT MORE THAN A SINGLE INSTRUMENT. I FRANKLY WAS SURPRISED TO FIND HOW RELIABLE THE HIGH SCHOOL GPA WAS. AND I THOUGHT ABOUT IT A LOT. I MYSELF THINK THAT WE ARE LOOKING AT TWO FOUR YEAR LONG DEMONSTRATIONS, HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGE OF SELF DISCIPLINE, CURIOSITY, INTELLECTUAL DRIVE. IF YOU WILL, THE ABILITY TO GET YOUR HOMEWORK DONE ON TIME, GET YOUR PAPERS WRITTEN. SO I THINK THERE ARE REASONS THAT THE HIGH SCHOOL GPS TURNS OUT TO BE A VERY SOLID PREDICTOR. AND OURS IS BY FAR NOT THE FIRST STUDY THAT HAS TURNED UP THE SAME RESULTS.

>> Woodruff: JUST QUICKLY FINALLY, PIN DOWN FOR US WHAT HARM YOU SEE IN INSISTING THAT STUDENTS TAKE THESE TESTS AND SUBMITTESUBMIT THEM.

>> WELL THE BIGGEST ARM IS TO THE COUNTRY. YOU TRUNCATE THE APPLICANT POOLS OF PEOPLE WHO WOULD SUCCEED. THE PEOPLE WHO ARE NON-SUBMITTERS IN HIGHER PERCENTAGES ARE JUST WHO WE NEED TO GET THROUGH. FIRST GENERATION TO COLLEGE, MINORITY STUDENTS, STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES LIKE DYSLEXIA. SOMEWHAT MORE WOMEN THAN MEN. PEL GRANT RECIPIENTS WHO ARE LOW INCOME STUDENTS. THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE TO GET THROUGH COLLEGE. SO THE DANGER IS YOU TRUNCATE YOUR POOL, THE PEOPLE YOU REALLY NEED TO HAVE IN YOUR COLLEGE.

>> Woodruff: BILL HISS, WE THANK YOU FOR TALKING WITH US.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Ifill: IN AN AGE OF HYPER- CONNECTEDNESS, IT WAS ONLY A MATTER OF TIME UNTIL THE POLITICIANS FOUND YOU. DOES THE MUSIC YOU STREAM MAKE YOU A DEMOCRAT OR A REPUBLICAN? DO THE PROGRAMS YOU RECORD TO WATCH LATER GIVE POLITICAL AD- MAKERS A CLUE TO WHETHER YOU'RE PERSUADABLE? SATELLITE T.V., RADIO AND CABLE ARE ALL IN ON THE GAME, WHICH TAKES TARGETED ADVERTISING WAY BEYOND WHAT YOU'RE GETTING IN THE MAIL. BUT HOW DOES IT WORK? FOR THAT, WE TURN TO KEN GOLDSTEIN, PROFESSOR OF POLITICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO AND FORMER PRESIDENT OF THE CAMPAIGN MEDIA ANALYSIS GROUP, WHICH TRACKS POLITICAL ADVERTISING. AND, EITAN HERSH, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AT YALE UNIVERSITY.

>> KEN GOLDSTEIN HAS VULNERABLE SHOULD THE DOWNLOADERS AND STREAMERS FEEL ABOUT ALL THIS.

>> WHAT PANDORA'S DOING I DON'T THINK VERY VULNERABLE. WHAT THEY'RE BASICALLY DOING IS TAKING DATA ON WHAT GEOGRAPHIC UNIT.

>> Ifill: INTERNET RADIO.

>> EXACTLY. PEOPLE IN THIS AREA ARE LISTENING TO THIS MUSIC AND PEOPLE IN THIS AREA TEND TO VOTE FOR THIS PARTICULAR CANDIDATE. SO THEY'RE NOT REALLY ADDRESSING IT TO THE INDIVIDUAL. NOW, WHAT'S GOING ON WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES IN TERMS WITH RETURN PATH DATA. SO ALL THE FOLKS OUT THERE USING DVRS, THOSE DVRS ARE TRACKING YOUR TUNING PATTERNS, WHAT YOU'RE WATCHING, WHAT YOU'RE FAST FORWARDING THROUGH, WHAT COMMERCIALS YOU'RE WATCHING AND NOT WATCHING. THAT CAN BE CONNECTED WITH OTHER INDIVIDUAL LEVEL DATA ABOUT YOU. AND THAT'S WHAT'S REALLY BEING USED TO TARGET.

>> Ifill: EITAN HERSH, HOW LONG HAS THIS BEEN GOING ON.

>> TARRING USING PHOTO REGISTRATION HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR A LONG TIME, FOR A CENTURY. IT REALLY GOT OFF THE GROUND IN A SERIOUS WAY AFTER THE HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT WHICH IS IN RESPONSE TO OUR ELECTION TROUBLES IN THE YEAR 2004 FOR STATES TO START MAKING DIGITAL UP REGULATED VOTER FILES. MAKING THOSE VOTER FILES AT THE STATE LEVEL THE CAMPAIGNS CAUGHT ON THAT THEY COULD START ASSEMBLING MASSIVE DATABASES BY LINKING PEOPLE WITH THEIR BIRTH DATES, ADDRESS AND PERSONAL INFORMATION WITH ALL SORTS OF COMMERCIAL AND OTHER PUBLIC RECORDS.

>> Ifill: LET ME ASK YOU THIS. I'M A BOB MARLEY FAN BUT I ALSO LIKE PAT BOONE IS THIS TELLING ANYONE OUT THERE WHO WANTS TO GET ELECTED WHO I'M LIKELY TO VOTE FOR.

>> MAYBE NOT. ONE THING ABOUT MAR CROW TARGETING THEY HAVE THESE CAMPAIGN PARTIES THAT'S NOT CORRELATED WITH YOUR POLITICAL DISPOSITION. JUST BECAUSE YOU LISTEN TO THOSE MUSICIANS DOESN'T REALLY MEAN THAT THOSE DISPOSITIONS TOWARDS MUSIC ARE CORRELATED WITH DISPOSITIONS THAT CAMPAIGNS CARE ABOUT, WHICH IS HOW LIKELY YOU ARE TO VOTE AND WHETHER YOU'RE LIKELILY TO SUPPORT ONE PARTY OR ANOTHER. SO THERE ARE LIMITS IN TERMS OF THE DATA AND ITS RELATIONSHIP, THE POLITICS THAT SUGGESTS MIGHT NOT BE ALL THAT COMPELLING DATA FOR CAMPAIGNS.

>> Ifill: THINGS LIKE BRUCE SPRINGSTEIN WOULD BE CONFUSING FOR PEOPLE.

>> AND SOMEONE --

>> Ifill: I TRY TO BE ECLECTIC. TELL ME SOMETHING, HOW LUCRATIVE IS IT FOR CAMPAIGNS OR FOR THE COMPANIES THEMSELVES, WHETHER IT'S PANDORA OR DISH TV OR ANY OF THESE DELIVERERS OF INFORMATION. HOW LUCRATIVE IS IT FOR THEM TO WORK WITH THE CAMPAIGNS THAT PROVIDE THIS INFORMATION.

>> POLITICALLY IT USED TO BE SORT OF A PAIN FOR FOLKS IN THE ADVERTISING BUSINESS. NOW IT IS A VERY LARGE SOURCE OF REVENUE IN EVEN NUMBERED YEARS. SO NOT ONLY NEW SOURCE OF MEDIA LIKE PANDORA ARE LOOKING FOR, THEY ARE A SHARE OF IT. BUT THE TRADITIONAL SORTS, THE LOCAL TELEVISION MAKES UP A HUGE PROPORTION OF THEIR PROFITS IN ELECTION YEARS. WHAT EITAN SAID, TARGETING ISN'T ANYTHING THAT'S NEW. IT'S BEEN GOING ON FOR A LONG TIME AND WE USED TO THINK ABOUT TARGETING, MAYBE A CITY. THEN WE THOUGHT ABOUT TARGETING A PRECINCT. THEN WE THOUGHT ABOUT TALKIN TAG A STREET. THEN WE WERE ABLE TO TARGET HOUSES WITH THIS MICROTARGETTING. NO I DON'T HAVE TO SEND YOU A PIECE OF MAIL TO YOUR HOUSE OR COME KNOCK ON YOUR DOOR. I'M TRYING TO FIGURE OUT EXACTLY WHAT SHOWS GLEN I'L AGAIN I'LL S WATCHING. AND THE NEXT IS THE ADVERTISING. THE BIG THING OBAMA AND BUSH DID IN 20014 AND OBAMA IN 2008 AND 2014 TO FIND OUT WHAT SHOWS YOU'RE WATCHING, THEY DON'T CARE WHAT SHOW YOU'RE WATCHING THEY'RE GOING TO DELIVER THAT AD TO YOU NO MATTER WHAT SHOW YOU'RE WATCHING.

>> Ifill: I WAS TALKING ABOUT TARGETING PERSUADE KNOWLEDGE PEOPLE OR IDENTIFY THE PEOPLE MORE LIKELY TO SUPPORT YOU. SAY YOU'RE A REPUBLICAN AND YOU WATCH FOX, THE GENERAL UNDERSTANDING IS THAT THOSE PEOPLE WOULD BE REPUBLICANS ANYWAY. SO WHY TARGET THEM?

>> RIGHT. WELL THE MAIN THING THAT TARGETING HAS BEEN MOST USEFUL FOR IN THE LAST YEAR ELECTION TICKAL IS TARGETING PEOPLE WHO ARE VERY LIKELY TO BE SUPPORTERS OF YOUR SIDE BUT WHO MIGHT NOT TURN OUT WITHOUT AN EXTRA PUSH. IT'S BASICALLY PUBLIC RECORDS UNDER YOUR PARTY REGISTRATION, YOUR PAST BEHAVIOR IN PARTY PRIMARIES, WHETHER YOU'RE VOTING OR NOT. IT'S EASY FOR PEOPLE TO FIGURE OUT WHETHER THEY'RE LIKELY TO SUPPORT YOU. FOR THOSE PEOPLE THEY NEED THE EXTRA PUSH AND THAT'S WHAT THIS HAS BEEN ABOUT IN RECENT ELECTION YEARS. THE QUESTION HOW TO TARGET A PERSUADABLE VOTER IS STILL SOMETHING THAT CAMPAIGNS KNOW ALMOST NOTHING ABOUT. MEANING IF YOUR GOAL OF A CAMPAIGN IS TO TRY TO FIND SOMEONE WHO IF A CAMPAIGN TARGETS YOU YOU'RE GOING TO CHANGE YOUR MIND, THE CAMPAIGNS HAVEN'T FIGURED THAT OUT YET. THAT'S KIND OF HOLY GRAIL. THE QUESTION IS WAS THERE ANY DATA OUT THERE FROM THESE NEW SOURCES OR OLD SOURCES THAT CAN HELP A CAMPAIGN FIGURE OUT WHO IS GOING TO CHANGE THEIR MIND.

>> Ifill: HERE'S THE FIRST QUESTION I HAVE WITH THESE STORIES, KEN. I THOUGHT TO MYSELF HOW DO I OPT OUT. ARE THERE PRIVATELY CONCERNS. HOW DO I STOP THEM FROM WATCHING ME. HAVE I ALREADY GIVEN IT ALL A AWAY.

>> I THINK YOU'VE GIVEN IT ALL AWAY. THE VOTER REGISTRATION DATA IS PUBLIC DATA AND YOUR VOTER ACTIVITY IS PUBLIC. SO IN SOME STATES YOU HAVE TO REGISTER BY PARTY. BUT EVEN IF YOU DON'T, THE HARVESTER, IS THIS PERSON IF THEY VOTED IN PRIMARIES WHERE THERE'S ONLY BEEN DEMOCRATIC ACTION GOING ON SO THAT PERSON MUST BE A DEMOCRAT. AND SO THERE'S LOTS OF WAYS TO MODEL PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA. AND THEN SOMETIMES ANONYMOUSLY, SOMETIMES NOT ANONYMOUSLY, IT'S CONNECTED WITH OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT YOU. BUT THAT TRAIN'S LEFT THE STATION.

>> Ifill: EITAN, IF I AM TRYING TO GIVE UP MY DVR, IS THAT WHAT I HAVE TO DO IN ORDER FOR THAT INFORMATION NOT TO BE SHARED OR IS THERE A WAY TO STOP IT FROM BEING SHARED.

>> THE ONE SUGGESTION I HAVE FOR YOU IF YOU'RE CONCERNED ABOUT THE PRIVACY ISSUES, THOSE ISSUES ARE SETTLED IN STATE LEGISLATURES WHERE THEY DECIDE WHAT DATA ON THE PUBLIC SIDE AND THE VOTER REGISTRATION FILES AND OTHER LICENSING DATA THAT THEY HAVE THAT WE PRODUCE AT THE STATE LEVEL CAN BE SHARED WITH PARTIES AND LINKED TO OTHER RECORDS. INTERESTINGLY IN RECENT ELECTION CYCLES, IN RECENT LEGISLATIVE CYCLES, SOME STATE LEGISLATORS HAVE TRIED TO STOP VOTER REGISTRATION DATA AND OTHER LICENSING DATA ARE FROM BEING USED FROM THE CAMPAIGN SETTING OF MICROTARGETTING. THOSE ALWAYS ENDED, THOSE BILLS ARE PUT TO AN END BY THE MAINSTREAM POLITICIANS WHO THINK THAT THE DATA'S VERY USEFUL FOR CAMPAIGN.

>> Ifill: EXACTLY. EITAN HERSH ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AT YALE UNIVERSITY AND KEN GOLDSTEIN PROFESSOR OF POLITICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO. YOU IMPRESSED ME A LOT.

>> THANKS FOR HAVING US.

>> Woodruff: NEXT, A SMALL FACTORY IN THE CARIBBEAN IS TRYING TO BUCK THE TREND TOWARD LOWER WAGES IN THE GARMENT INDUSTRY BY MAKING APPAREL FOR BIG ATHLETIC PROGRAMS IN THE U.S. SPECIAL CORESPONDENT FRED DE SAM LAZARO HAS THE STORY IT'S PART OF HIS ONGOING SERIES, AGENTS FOR CHANGE.

>> Reporter: IT'S A BIG MONEY MAKER FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME. THE STORIED FIGHTING IRISH NAME IS A LUCRATIVE NAME IN THE BILLION DOLLAR A YEAR BUSINESS OF LICENSED APPAREL. IN THE CAMPUS BOOKSTORE, ONE DISPLAY IS TRYING TO STAND OUT IN A CROWDED SPACE.

>> EVERY GARMENT HAS A HANG TAG ON IT, HAS A PICTURE OF ONE OF OUR EMPLOYEES. THE HANG TAG SAYS MY SON GOES TO SCHOOL BECAUSE OF THESE CLOTHES. ONE MIGHT SAY I CAN AFFORD CLEAN WATER AND MEDICINE FOR MY CHILDREN WHEN THEY'RE SICK BECAUSE OF YOUR PURCHASE OF THESE CLOTHES.

>> Reporter: JOE FOUNDED THE NIGHTS OF APPAREL COMPANY IN 2001 AND BUILD IT INTO THE LARGEST MAKER OF LICENSED COLLEGE SPORTS WEAR. THE SHIRTS ARE MADE IN A TINY CORNER OF THE NIGHT'S EMPIRE A FACTORY THAT PAYS PEOPLE LIKE MANUEL GUZMAN A LIVING WAGE. UNUSUAL DOES NOT BEGIN TO DESCRIBE THE FACTORY WHERE GUZMAN WORKS IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLICAN, A CARIBBEAN NATION OF NEARLY 10 MILLION WHERE UNEMPLOYMENT EXCEEDS 15%. THE FACTORY ATMOSPHERE IS RELAXED. THE MUSIC IS LOUD. THERE'S NO PRESSURE HERE TO PRODUCE ALL THE TIME. PEOPLE COME HERE TO TRAIN US, LAWYERS HAVE TAUGHT US OUR RIGHTS. ALSO WE HAVE A UNION THAT PROTECTS US. SHE'S THE UNION STEWARD. I ASKED HER ARE YOUR WAGES SUFFICIENT. YES SHE RESPONDED, THEY'RE BASED ON THE COST OF LIVING FOR A FAMILY OF FIVE CALCULATED BY THE COUNTRY'S CENTRAL BANK AND ADJUSTED EVERY YEAR FOR INFLATION.

>> FOR ME THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS THAT MY CHILDREN HAVE BEEN ABLE TO GO TO SCHOOL. I EVEN HAVE MY OLDEST DAUGHTER IN COLLEGE.

>> Reporter: FOR MANUEL GUZMAN AND HIS WIFE THE JOB HAS MEANT A HEALTHY DIET.

>> HE WAS JOBLESS FOR NINE MONTHS AND WE HAVE FOUR KIDS WHO DON'T UNDERSTAND WHEN YOU TELL THEM THERE'S NO MILK. SO IT WAS DIFFICULT. THIS IS SUCH A BLESSING.

>> Reporter: ANOTHER BLESSING THEY COUNTED THE HOME IN PLACE OF A HALF BUILT SHACK THAT WAS HERE. WORKERS AT THE FACTORY EARN ABOUT $3 AN HOUR. IT MIGHT NOT SOUND AS MUCH BUT LET'S THREE TIMES THE LEGAL MINIMUM WAGE IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLICAN. THE ALTA GOVERNMENT PLANNED TO RAISE THE MINIMUM WAGE FROM ITS GARMENT WORKERS FROM $.19 TO ABOUT $.34 PER HOUR. ALL AROUND THE ALTA BUILDING IS THE DAUNTING GLOBAL COMPETITION. THOUSANDS OF JOBS HAVE MOVED TO LOWER COST COUNTRIES. ALTA IS A BUILDING THAT WAS ONCE A MUCH LARGER GARMENT FACTORY. IT EMPLOYS 130 WORKERS NOW COMPARED TO MORE THAN ONE THOUSAND UNTIL 2007 WHEN THE BUILDING'S PREVIOUS OWNER A SOUTH KOREA BASE COMPANY SHUT IT DOWN. ALTA GRACIA ITSELF IS RUNNING AT ABOUT 60% OF CAPACITY. IN THREE YEARS OF OPERATION IT HAS YET TO TURN A PROFIT. THAT DOESN'T SURPRISE ONE EXPERT WHO STUDIED THE PLANT. GEORGE FOUND UNIVERSITY'S JOHN CLINE SAID THERE ARE PREVIOUS SHORT-LIVED ATTEMPTS AT LIVING WAGE FACTORIES.

>> THEY WERE SMALL AND DIDN'T HAVE THE ABILITY TO CARRY FORWARD FOR SEVERAL YEARS TO GIVE IT A REAL TEST. IT'S BIG ENOUGH WITH NIGHTS APPAREL TO BACK IT FOR LONG ENOUGH TO GIVE IT A REAL TEST.

>> Reporter: NIGHT APPAREL SAYS HE'S IN IT FOR THE LONG HALL. WORKING CONDITIONS HAVE COME UNDER CRITICAL SCRUTINY AFTER THE RECENT SERIES OF DEADLY FIRES IN BANG LEISURE. THEY CREATED ALTA GRACIA WAS CREATED EARLIER. A SET BACK IN HIS OWN HEALTH MADE HIM ESPECIALLY SYMPATHETIC TO THE PLIGHT OF GARMENT WORKERS.

>> CAN YOU IMAGINE WHAT IT WOULD BE LIKE YOUR KIDS ARE GOING HUNGRY AND YOU CAN AFFORD ONLY ONE MEAL A DAY. I'VE HAD EXPERIENCE THAT MADE ME THINK ABOUT THOSE THINGS IN MY OWN LIFE. INCLUDING MY OWN DIAGNOSIS WITH A DISEASE CALLED MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. AND THE GOOD NEWS FOR ME WAS THOUGH I ALWAYS HAD HOPE.

>> Reporter: HE HAS THIS GROWING CONCERN AMONG CONSUMERS ABOUT CONDITIONS IN GARMENT FACTORIES AND THAT'S HELPING THE MARKET FOR ETHICALLY PRODUCED GOODS. ALTA GR RAVMENT CIA APPAREL IS DISPLAYED IN COLLEGE BOOK STORES. WE DON'T NOW HOW WE'LL SUCCEED IN THIS COMPETITIVE PLACE.

>> A LOT IS BUILT BY REPUTATION OF COLLECTITY ENDORSE THEMENTS. HE'S TRYING TO BUILD A BRAND GAME THAT GIVES HIM PRICING ADVANTAGES ON SOMETHING ELSE. ON GOOD WORKER CONDITIONS.

>> DO WE HAVE ANY INKLING YET WHETHER THAT

>> THERE ARE A LOTS BEING DONE WHAT PEOPLE SAY. THEY WILL PAY MORE FOR PRODUCTS THAT THEY KNOW ARE MADE UNDER GOOD LABOR CONDITIONS. I DON'T KNOW THAT THERE ARE CONVINCING STUDIES THAT PEOPLE REALLY FOLLOW THROUGH ON THIS.

>> Reporter: OUR INFO SURVEY SHOWED SOME OF THE CHALLENGES. THESE FRESH MEN SAID THEY WERE SYMPATHETIC TO THE ISSUE OF FAIR TRADE AND WORKERS' RIGHTS BUT NOT PARTICULARLY TUNED IN.

>> ES NOT REALLY SOMETHING I THOUGHT ABOUT. I'M AWARE THINGS ARE MADE IN SWEAT SHOPS BUT I DON'T THINK OF IT WHEN I'M BUYING.

>> Reporter: FOR OTHER PRICE IS KING.

>> WHEN YOU SAW TWO T SHIRTS WERE IDENTICAL AND ONE SAID THEY WERE MADE IN THE LIVING WAGE FACTORY AND ONE SAID NOTHING WOULD YOU PAY MORE FOR THE ONE THAT SAID LIVING WAGER FACTORY.

>> I WOULD BUY THE ONE THAT'S CHEAPER.

>> Reporter: HE'S READY TO COMPETE ON PRICE SO ALTA'S APPROACH IS NOT TO RAISE PRICES OR ASK FOR CHARITY FROM THE CONSUMER. EVEN THOUGH HIGHER WAGES RAISED ITS PRODUCTION COSTS FROM 20 TO 30%. INSTEAD, GOING AFTER MORE VOLUME SALES. ALTA WON THE BID LAST YEAR FOR EXAMPLE FOR 150,000 FOOTBALL TEAM SHIRTS SOLD FOR A STUDENT FUND RAISER THAT HELPS NEEDY STUDENTS AT NOTRE DAME. JOHN AND ABBEY SAY IT'S A COMPATIBLE FIT.

>> I WOULD DEFINITELY MARKET THE ALTA ASPECT.

>> WE DO SEE A LOT OF PEOPLE HEAR ABOUT OUR CAUSE AND THEN JUST BUY THE SHIRT. AND SO THEN IF THEY'RE ABLE TO HEAR ABOUT ANOTHER CAUSE ON TOP OF THAT IT MAKES THEIR DECISION A LOT EASIER.

>> I WOULD THINK IN THE NEXT YEAR OR TWO, IT WILL BE PROVEN OR NOT PROVEN IN THE COLLEGEIATE SECTOR. AND I THINK THEY'RE STARTING TO TEST THE WATERS OUTSIDE THE COLLEGIATE SECTOR AND THAT WILL BE A BROADER TOUGHER TEST.

>> Reporter: THOSE THAT SAY HIGH PRODUCTIVITY AT ALTA AND THE PROMISE OF MORE BUSINESS SHOULD ALLOW THE FACTORY TO SOON BREAK EVEN.

>> I THINK THAT'S GOING TO TRANSPIRE IN 2014. RECENTLY THE NATIONAL HOCKEY LEAGUE HAS MADE THE DECISION TO LICENSE ALTA GRACIA SO NOW WE'LL BE ABLE TO PRODUCE ALL THE NHL TEAMS IN THE ALTA FACTORY AND BRING THAT TO MARKET.

>> Reporter: EXPERTS SAY MUCH WILL DEPEND ON CONSUMERS WHOSE BEHAVIOR CAN BE INFLUENCED AS FACTORS AS VARIED AS A TEACH'S PERFORMANCE OR EVEN A NEWS HEADLINE FROM BANGLADESH.

>> Woodruff: FRED'S REPORTING IS A PARTNERSHIP WITH THE UNDER- TOLD STORIES PROJECT AT SAINT MARY'S UNIVERSITY IN MINNESOTA.

>> Ifill: AT THE OLYMPIC GAMES IN SOCHI, ALL EYES ARE ON THE ICE, WHERE SKATERS ARE TAKING CENTER STAGE. JEFFREY BROWN CATCHES UP ON THE PAST 24 HOURS AND PREVIEWS WHAT'S AHEAD.

>> Brown: AND FOR THAT, WE'RE JOINED FROM RUSSIA AGAIN BY CHRISTINE BRENNAN, WHO'S COVERING THE OLYMPICS FOR USA TODAY AND ABC NEWS. I SPOKE WITH HER EARLIER THIS AFTERNOON. CHRISTINE, WELCOME. I KNOW THE MOST EXCITING THING ON YOUR MIND BECAUSE THE ICE DANCING VICTORY LAST NIGHT BY AMERICANS MAYORAL DAVIS AND CHARLIE WHITE. TELL US WHY WAS THAT SUCH A BIG DEAL.

>> IT'S THE FIRST TIME IT'S EVER HAPPENED SO THAT ALONE I THINK JEFF MAKES IT HEADLINE NEWS, THE SENSE THAT FOR AS LONG HAS THERE HAS BEEN ICE DANCING THE UNITED STATES HAS NOT WON A GOLD MEDAL UNTIL LAST NIGHT. THIS HAS BEEN A LONG TIME FOR THE UNITED STATES. THE TEAM IS ALWAYS 11TH OR 15TH AT THE OLYMPICS. IT WAS BASICALLY BLOCK JUDGING BY THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. OTHERWISE THE RUSSIANS WOULD WIN. THE AMERICANS WERE INNOVATIVE AND INTERESTING AND THE RUSSIANS NEVER HAD A CHANCE. THE JUDGING CAME IN 2004 AND THE AMERICANS WENT TO SECOND IN THE OLYMPICS AND THERE WAS MUCH MORE OF AN OPPORTUNITY FOR THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA TO GET INTO THE MEDALS. AND THEN OF COURSE THE MAGIC OF LAST EVENING WITH DAVIS AND WHITE TOGETHER FOR 17 YEARS PUTTING IT TOGETHER.

>> Brown: AS YOU SAY THEY'VE BEEN SKATING TOGETHER SINCE THEY WERE CHILDREN REALLY. IT'S INTERESTING, THOUGH, THAT AS YOU WROTE TODAY THESE CHANGES IN THE SPORT CAN BE SEEN IN THE MORE RECENT CONTEXT OF THE POPULARITY OF DANCE IN THIS COUNTRY, RIGHT. ESPECIALLY ON TELEVISION.

>> ABSOLUTELY. YES. WE'RE A DANCING NATION NOW. WHO WOULD HAVE THOUGHT. DANCING WITH THE STARS AND THESE OTHER SHOWS THAT WE SEE ESPECIALLY MAYORAL DAVI MATERIAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE SUPPORT. DANCING IS MORE POPULAR BECAUSE OF THESE TV SHOWS. IT MIGHT SOUND STRANGE BUT THIS IS MUCH MORE THAN A FIGURE SKATING VICTORY. FIRST TIME EVER A TEAM EITHER A DANCE TEAM OR PAIR ONE A GOLD MEDAL. SUCH A POPULAR DISCIPLINE OF COURSE BUT ALSO IT'S CULTURE. IT'S ABOUT THE UNITED STATES AS A NATION AND ENCOURAGING THESE YOUNG PEOPLE TO DANCE AND IN THIS CASE IT WAS DANCING ON THE ICE.

>> Brown: NEXT ON THE ICE WE'VE GOT WOMEN'S FIGURE SKATING COMING UP. YOU AND I HAVE TALKED ABOUT THIS IN PAST YEARS SO I KNOW HOW MUCH YOU LOVE THAT COMPETITION.

>> WITHOUT A DOUBT. I MEAN PROBABLY YOU COULD SAY ARGUABLY IS THE KEY EVENT OF THE OLYMPIC GAME. THE WINNER USUAL HERE BECOMES THE MOST FAMOUS OR ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS OLYMPIANS FROM ANY OWE LAMIANOLYMPIAN. THEY ARE TRYING TO DO THAT. TRYING TO BECOME THE FIRST TO WIN TWO IN A ROW FROM VANCOUVER IN 2010 NOW HERE IN SOCHI IN 2014. IT'S GOING TO BE A TOUGH TASK WITH THE 15 YEAR OLD FROM RUSSIA BROUGHT DOWN THE HOUSE FOR YOU IN THE TEEN COMPETITION. YOU GOT THE TRIPLE AXLES, THE AMERICAN'S GRACEY GOLD AND ASHLEY WAGNER. THIS IS A PACKED FIELD AND IT'S GOING TO BE FANTASTIC.

>> Brown: I'M GOING TO GIVE A BRIEF SPOILER ALERT. I WANT TO ASK YOU ABOUT A COUPLE STANDOUT ATHLETES. THERE'S THE OVERALL INCREDIBLE PERFORMANCES BY THE DUTCH SPEED SKATERS AND THEN THERE'S SKIER WHO WON THE GIANT SHALLA SLALOM.

>> YES, THERE WAS A TIE AND THE FIRST WOMAN TO EVER DO THIS SINCE 1972. AND SHE WAS THE OVERALL WORLD CUP CHAMPION LAST YEAR. SHE IS DEFINITELY ON TOP OF HER GAME AT THE EXACT RIGHT MOMENT. AND THE DUTCH, MY GOODNESS THEY'RE WINNING ALMOST EVERY MEDAL IN SPEED SKATING, ESPECIALLY EVERY MEDAL THAT THE UNITED STATES IS NOT WINNING. THE U.S. IS HAVING A TERRIBLE OLYMPICS IN A VENUE THAT THEY USUALLY DOMINATE FROM BONNIE BLARE TO ERIC HIDEN, DAN JANSEN PEOPLE IN THE PAST. IT'S THE DUTCH RUNNING THOSE MEDALS NOW. NO SURPRISE, THE ARENA IS OFTEN SERVED WITH ORANGE WHICH IS OF COURSE THE DUTCH NATIONAL COLOR AND THE ORANGE IS JUST DOMINANT AT THESE OLYMPICS.

>> Brown: FINALLY OFF THE ICE AND THE SLOPE THE PUSSY ROY -- T WAS DETAINED. HOW MUCH OF THAT OR ANY POLITICAL ACTIVITY WENT THROUGH THE BUBBLE YOU'RE PART OF THAT.

>> I THINK THAT OLYMPIC BUBBLE BURST A LITTLE BIT TODAY WITH THE PUSSY RIOT. YESTERDAY YOU HAD A TRANS GENDER PROTESTER IN THE PARK WHO WAS ESCORTED OUT. THE PROTEST DOMES ARE THERE. IT SEEMS TO BE IN THE SECOND WEEK OF THE OLYMPICS SOME OF THESE PROTESTERS, SOME OF THESE GROUPS, ESPECIALLY THE GAY RIGHTS GROUP ARE SAYING OKAY ENOUGH IS ENOUGH WE'VE BEEN GOOD, WE'VE BEEN AWAY AND HAVEN'T DONE MUCH OF ANYTHING IN THE FIRST WEEK AND NOW WE'RE GOING TO THE FLOOR IN THE SECOND WEEK. I SUSPECT THAT WILL CONTINUE. ASHLEY WAGNER THE AMERICAN FIGURE SKATER WHO SKATES TOMORROW SHE'S BEEN OUT SPOKEN ABOUT GAY RIGHTS HERE WHEN SHE GOT TO RUSSIA. WE ASKED HER ABOUT IT AND SHE SHE'S SHE'S GOING TO KEEP TALKING ABOUT IT. A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE AWARE AND I THINK IT'S A SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT. FRANKLY WE'VE BEEN TALKING SPORTS THE FIRST TEN DAYS, NOW A LITTLE BIT OF NEWS AND VERY EXPECTED NEWS AT THESE GAMES.

>> Brown: CHRISTINE BRENNAN OF USA TODAY IN SOCHI. THANKS AGAIN.

>> JEFF, MY PLEASURE, THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> Woodruff: FINALLY TONIGHT, SHEDDING LIGHT ON HUNGER IN THE U.S., THROUGH THE EYES OF WOMEN STRUGGLING TO PUT FOOD ON THE TABLE. THE NEWSHOUR'S MARY JO BROOKS HAS THE STORY.

>> Reporter: A YEAR AND A HALF AGO, 32-YEAR OLD ROBIN DICKINSON, A FAMILY PRACTICE PHYSICIAN, WAS LIVING HER DREAM. SHE AND HER STAY-AT-HOME HUSBAND TIM WERE RAISING TWO YOUNG CHILDREN IN A SMALL BUNGALOW IN SUBURBAN, DENVER.

>> I WAS A NORMAL MOM, TAKING MY KIDS TO THE ZOO, TAKING MY KIDS TO THE MUSEUM AND PLAYGROUND.

>> Reporter: THEN THE UNTHINKABLE HAPPENED: DICKINSON SUFFERED TWO STROKES THAT LEFT HER UNABLE TO WORK MORE THAN AN HOUR OR TWO AT A TIME.

>> I FATIGUE VERY EASILY. SO WHEN I GET TIRED AFTER A FEW HOURS, I GET DIZZY. IF I'M WALKING DOWN A HALL AND SOMEONE IS WALKING THE OTHER WAY, I FALL.

>> Reporter: SHE WAS FORCED TO QUIT HER JOB AND LIVE OFF SAVINGS WHILE SHE RECOVERED. HER HUSBAND CONTINUED TO CARE FOR THE CHILDREN, AND NOW HER. AND WHILE THEY MANAGED TO PAY MORTGAGE AND UTILITY BILLS, THERE WAS ALMOST NO MONEY LEFTOVER FOR FOOD.

>> WE WERE DOWN TO THE POINT WHERE WE WERE EATING POTATOES AND OATMEAL AND RICE. AND ONE NIGHT IT SUDDENLY OCCURRED TO ME, WE QUALIFY FOR ASSISTANCE. THERE'S A SAFETY NET FOR A REASON. IT'S FOR PEOPLE IN OUR SITUATION. IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH YOUR EDUCATION OR HOW GOOD A PERSON YOU ARE OR HARD YOU WORK. IT HAS EVERYTHING TO DO WITH YOUR FINANCIAL SITUATION. AND OUR FINANCIAL SITUATION WAS REALLY BAD.

>> Reporter: LAST APRIL SHE APPLIED, AND QUALIFIED, FOR FOOD STAMPS, NOW KNOWN AS THE SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM OR SNAP.

>> I'LL NEVER FORGET THAT FIRST GROCERY TRIP. MY KIDS WERE SO EXCITED. ELEANOR LOVES CUCUMBERS, SO WE GOT HER CUCUMBERS. SHE'S SITTING IN THE CART HUGGING HER CUCUMBER AND CHARLIE HAS HIS WATERMELON IN HIS LAP. WE GOT ALL THIS STUFF THAT WE HADN'T EATEN IN MONTHS AND WE WENT TO THE CHECKOUT AND WERE GETTING EVERYTHING PAID FOR AND THE CHECKER SAYS, "WHAT'S GOING ON? IS IT SOMEBODY'S BIRTHDAY?" AND I SAID "WE WENT GROCERY SHOPPING!"

>> Reporter: THE EXPERIENCE OF SUDDENLY FALLING INTO POVERTY HAS MADE DICKINSON AN ADVOCATE, SPEAKING OUT ON THE IMPORTANCE OF MAINTAINING, AND IMPROVING, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS.

>> Reporter: SEVERAL MONTHS AGO, SHE JOINED A PROJECT SPONSORED BY THE NON-PROFIT GROUP HUNGER FREE COLORADO WHICH GIVES CAMERAS TO RECIPIENTS OF SNAP BENEFITS AND ASKS THEM TO CHRONICLE WHAT ITS LIKE TO BE HUNGRY IN AMERICA. SO FAR, FIFTEEN WOMEN HAVE PARTICIPATED IN THE PILOT PROJECT. THEY COME FROM ALL WALKS OF LIFE. AND THEIR PHOTOGRAPHS HAVE BECOME PART OF A TRAVELING EXHIBIT, SEEN IN COFFEE SHOPS, LIBRARIES, CHURCHES, AND MOST RECENTLY IN THE LOBBY OF THE COLORADO STATE CAPITOL. AT EACH EXHIBIT OPENING, THE WOMEN COME TO SHARE THEIR STORIES WITH ANYONE WHO WILL LISTEN.

>> A LOT OF PEOPLE SEE ME AND I LOOK NORMAL SO PEOPLE DON'T UNDERSTAND THE STRUGGLES THAT I HAVE. YOU CANT SEE AUTISM. YOU CANT SEE POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER. E TREMELY VESTFUL. EVERY TIME I WENT. IT WAS EVERYTHING ON THE LIST.

>> P THIS IS A PICTURE I DID. THIS IS WHAT YOU'RE DOING IS WAITING. YOU'RE ALWAYS WAITING. IT GETS TO A POINT WHERE YOU'RE HOPELESS.

>> SHE'S ONE OF THE PHOTOGRAPHERS. SHE SAYS IT'S IMPORTANT FOR THEM TO TELL THEIR STORIES TO GET RID OF STAI STEREOTYPES OF JUST WHOS IN POVERTY.

>> ANY ONE OF YOUR FELLOW PEERS, COLLEAGUES OR FELLOW PARISHIONERS MAY BE HUNGRY, BUT YOU DON'T KNOW THAT ABOUT THEM BECAUSE PEOPLE DON'T WANT TO ADVERTISE THAT ABOUT THEMSELVES. THERE'S LOTS OF PEOPLE OUT THERE WHO DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH TO EAT UNTIL NEXT PAYDAY. THERE'S A LOT OF WORKING PEOPLE WHO GIVE THEIR LAST FIVE BUCKS TO THEIR KID FOR LUNCH AND THEY GO WITHOUT. AND SO THAT'S A DIFFERENT FACE OF HUNGER THAN PEOPLE ARE THINKING OF HUNGER.

>> Reporter: POOLER, WHO LOST HER JOB AS A MEDICAL ASSISTANT TWO YEARS AGO, AT FIRST RESISTED THE IDEA OF GOING ON FOOD STAMPS. INSTEAD SHE RELIED ON PLACES LIKE THIS COMMUNITY CAFE WHICH SERVES HOT LUNCH TO PEOPLE IN NEED. BUT ONE DAY, WHEN SHE WAS TURNED AWAY FROM A FOOD BANK THAT HAD RUN OUT OF FOOD, SHE REALIZED SHE NEEDED SOMETHING MORE RELIABLE.

>> I DECIDED TO APPLY FOR FOOD STAMPS AT THAT TIME. AND I WAS AWARDED THEM. AND I REALLY CANT TELL YOU WHAT THAT'S MEANT TO MY OVERALL ABILITY TO FUNCTION, TO GET THINGS DONE IN THE DAY. AND NOW HAVE BEEN ABLE TO AT LEAST SEE THE LIGHT AT THE END OF THE POVERTY VORTEX, AS I CALL IT, WHERE I'M IN FULL-TIME SCHOOL IN A DENTAL ASSISTING PROGRAM. SO I'M HOPEFUL THAT THE TRAINING IS GOING TO TRANSLATE INTO A FULL-TIME JOB, ME GETTING OFF S.N.A.P. AND BEING ABLE TO SUPPORT MYSELF FULLY.

>> Reporter: IN ADDITION TO TAKING THOSE DENTAL CLASSES, POOLER HAS BECOME AN ARTIST AND MAKES SOME MONEY SELLING HER ART. SHE HOPES TO BE OFF SNAP BENEFITS BY THE FALL, BUT SAYS SHE'S ALWAYS GOING TO REMAIN AN ADVOCATE FOR HUNGER ISSUES.

>> FOOD TIES FAMILIES TOGETHER. FOOD IS SOMETHING THAT BRINGS LOVERS TOGETHER, FRIENDS. I THINK THAT FOOD IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF OUR CULTURE THAT I DON'T WANT TO SEE SOMEHOW DIMINISHED. SO I THINK BRINGING IT INTO THE FOREFRONT, HELPING SOLVE THIS PROBLEM OF HUNGER IS GOING TO MAKE A BIG DIFFERENCE. I REALLY BELIEVE THAT.

>> Reporter: ROBIN DICKINSON ALSO HOPES TO BE OFF FEDERAL BENEFITS SOON. SHE HAS STARTED HER OWN FAMILY PRACTICE CLINIC TO SEE LOW- INCOME PATIENTS WHO DON'T RIGHT NOW, SHE WORKS ONE TO TWO HOURS A DAY. BUT AS HER STRENGTH RETURNS, SHE HOPES TO GO BACK TO FULL-TIME WORK.

>> OUR ORIGINAL GOAL WAS TO BE OFF FOOD STAMPS BY NOW, BUT YOU CAN'T PREDICT HOW LONG A STROKE TAKES TO RECOVER FROM. I WAS THINKING I WOULD BE COMPLETELY BACK TO NORMAL BY NOW, WHICH IS NOT THE CASE. BUT OUR GOAL IS BY NEXT YEAR, WE'RE NOT GOING TO NEED PUBLIC ASSISTANCE ANYMORE. AND WE HAVE A FIVE-YEAR GOAL OF BUILDING MY OWN BUILDING IN ORDER TO HAVE MORE SERVICES OFFERED FOR MY PATIENTS AT AFFORDABLE PRICES. I HAVE BIG PLANS. HOPES TO EXPAND THE COMMUNITIES ALL ACROSS COLORADO LATER THIS YEAR.

>> Ifill: AGAIN, THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF THE DAY: UKRAINE'S CAPITAL ERUPTED IN VIOLENCE AS THOUSANDS OF RIOT POLICE ATTACKED THE MAIN PROTEST CAMP. AT LEAST 18 PEOPLE WERE KILLED. AND AN 84-YEAR-OLD NUN GOT 35 MONTHS IN FEDERAL PRISON FOR BREAKING IN TO A NUCLEAR ARMS SITE IN TENNESSEE, AS A PEACE PROTEST.

>> Ifill: AND THAT'S THE NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT. I'M GWEN IFILL.

>> Woodruff: AND I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. WE'LL SEE YOU ON-LINE AND AGAIN HERE TOMORROW EVENING. FOR ALL OF US HERE AT THE PBS NEWSHOUR, THANK YOU AND GOOD NIGHT.

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