PBS NewsHour; May 2, 2019 3:00pm-4:00pm PDT

>>Captioning sponsored by NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC

>> Naw: GOOD EVENING. I'M AMNA NAWAZ. JUDY WOODRUFF IS AWAY. ON THE NEWSHOUR TONIGHT: ATTORNEY GENERAL WILLIAM BARR FAILS TO APPEAR BEFORE THE HOUSE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE, AND RISKS BEING HELD IN CONTEMPT OF CONGRESS. THEN, A DISTURBING REPORT ROM THE PENTAGEALS A RISE IN THE NUMBER OF REPORTED SEXUAL ASSAULT CASES IN THE MILITAR AND, THE RIDE-SHARING SERVICE UBER PROVIDES MILLIONS OF TRIPS PER DAY, WHICH TRANSLATE INTO MILLIONS OF USERS' DATA SENT TO THE COMPANY'S TEAM IN SAN FRANCISCO.

>> YOU HAVE A BIT OF THIS IMAGE OF SILICON VALLEY, THAT'S SOMEBODY SITTING THERE, YOU KNOW, THINKING OF A BRILLIANT IDEA, YOU KNOW, ALONE IN A ROOM. BUT ACTUALLY, THE REALTI INNOVAON THAT HAPPENS, ESCIALLY FOR THE LARGER TE FIRMS, IS JUST LOTS AND LOTS AND LOTS OF INCREMENTAL INNOVATION.

>> Nawaz: ALL THAT AND MORE, ON TONIGHT'S PBS NEWSHOUR. UN

>> MAJOR FNG FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY: ♪ ♪

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>> Nawaz: A FIGHT OVER ATTORNEY GENERAL WILLIAM BARR IS HEATING UP TONIGHT. HE BOYCOTTED A HOUSE JUDICIARY HEARING TODAY ON THE RUSSIA REPORT, IN A DISPUTE OVER THE QUESTIONING. MAJORITY DEMOCRATS LEFT A PROP CHICKEN IN THE WITNESS CHAIR. AND, THEY THREATENED TO HOLD BARR IN CONTPT. HOUSE SPEAKER NANCY PELOSI CITE BARR'S PREVIOUNIAL THAT HE KNEW HIS SUMMARY OF THE REPORT HAD BOTHERED THE SPECIAL COUNSEL'S TEAM.

>> THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES NOT TELLG THE TRUTH TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS-- THAT'S A CRIME. IF ANYBODY ELSE DID THAT, IT WOULD BE CONSIDERED A CRIME. NOBODY IS ABOVE THE LAW, NOT THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, AND NOT THE ATTOEY GENERAL.

>> Nawaz: IN TURN, THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CALLED PELOSI'S ALLEGATION "RECKLESS, IRRESPONSIBLE, AND FALSE." WE'LL GET INTO THE DETAILS OF ALL OF THIS, AFTER THE NEWS SUMMARY. CONSERVATIVE COMMENTATOR STEPHEN MOORE WITHDREW TODAY AS A POTENAL NOMINEE TO THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD. PRESIDENT TRUMP ANNOUNCED IT IN A TWEET. A SHORT TIME EARLIER, MOORE HAD TOLD BLOOMBERG NEWS THAT THE N.ESIDENT WAS "FULL SPEED AHEAD" WITH THE NOMINAT MOORE HAD LOST REPUBLICAN SUPPORT IN THE SENATE OVER PAST WRITINGS DISPARAGING WOMEN. THE SENATE TODAY UPHELD PRESIDENT TRUMP'S VETO OF A MEASURE TO END THE U.S. MILITARY ROLE IN YEMEN'S CIVIL WAR. THE LEGISLATION WOULD HAVE HALTED LOGISTICAL AND INTELLIGENCE ASSISTANCA SAUDI-LED COALITION. THAT FORCE IS FIGHTING REBELS ALIGNED WITH IRAN. IN VENEZUELA MEANWHILE, PRESIDENT NICOLAS MADURO ARED TODAY THAT HE HAS T MILITARY'S LOYALTY, AND HE URGED SOLDIERS TO STOP THOSE HE CALLED "TRAITORS." THE COUNTRY'S MILITARY SCHOOL MONYED AN EARLY-MORNING CE FOR MADURO, AFTER COMMANDERS HAD IGNORED OPPOSITION CALLS TO REVOLT THIS WEEK.

>> ( translated ):HE TROOPS WERE NOT AFRAID TO SAY "NO" TO THE TRAITORS, "NO" TO THE PARTICIPANTS OF AN ATTEMPTED COUP. WHAT PATH WERE THE COUP PLOTTERS ATTEMPTING? A CIVIL WAR. THAT IS THE ALTERNATIVE THEY PROPOSE TO VENEZUELA, TO ASSAULT THE POLITICAL POWER. THAT CANNOT BE THE PATH, MILITARY BROTHERS.

>> Nawaz: MEANWHILE, IN WASHINGTON, PRESIDENT TRUMP ACCUSED MADURO OF "BRUTAL REPRESSION," AND REITERATED HIS SUPPORT FOR THE OPPOSITION LED BY JUAN GUIADO. A HUGE CROWD, PERHAPS HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS, PROTESTED IN SUDAN TODAY, DEMANDING THAT THE MILITARY HAND OVER POWER TO VILIANS. MARCHERS WAVED FLAGS CHANTED IN KHARTOUM, ADDING TO THE ITESSURE ON MILITARY LEADERS. THEIR NEGOTIATIONSCIVILIAN OPPOSITION FIGURES HAVE DEADLOCKED. SUDAS ARMED FORCES OUSTED PRESIDENT OMAR AL-BASHIR LAST E NTH. ISRAEL BRIEFLY C A STANDSTILL TODAY, FOR HOLOCAUST REMEMBRANCE DAY, MOURNING THE SIX MILLION JEWS KILLED IN THE NAZI GENOCIDE. NATIONWIDE, PEDESTRIANS STOOD SILENT AND CARS PULLED OVER ON MAJOR HIGHWAYS, AS SIRENS BLARED FOR TWO MINUTES. LATER, PRIME MINTER BENJAMIN NETANYAHU LED A CEREMONY AT THE YAD VASHEM HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL OFFICIALS IN EASTERN INDIA RACED TODAY TO EVACUATE MORE O TH MILLION PEOPLE AS A TROPICAL CYCLONE HEADED TOWARD THE COAST.OR THE SWEPT ACROSS THE BAY OF BENGAL, AND IS EXPECTED TO MAKE LANDFALL FRIDAY, WITHND SUSTAINED OF 124 MILES AN HOUR. R,NDITIONS ONSHORE WERE WORSENING BY THE H WITH THOUSANDS OF LOCAL PEOPLE AND TOURISTS TAKING BUSES, TRUCKS T AND TRAIGET OUT OF HARM'S WAY.

>> ( translated ): WE ARE EVACUATING BECAUSE OF THE CYCLONE. S WE WERE GOING Y TILL SATURDAY, BUT NOW WE ARE LEAVING. I CAME HERE WITH CHILDREN, SO IT WAS A BIT PROBLEMATIC. NOW WE ARE GOING.

>> Nawaz: FORECASTERS WARN THIS COULD BE THE WORST STORM TO STRIKE EASTERN INDIA IN 20 YEARS, WHEN A CYCLONE KILLED SOME 10,000 PEOPLE. BACK IN THIS COUNTRY, THE U.S. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT IS MOVING TO RELAX OIL DRILLING RULES PUTN PLACE AFTER THE WORST OFFSHORE SPILL IN U.S. HISTORY. THEY TOOK EFFECT AFTER B.P.'S "DEEPWATER HORIZON" RIG EXPLODED IN 2010. IT KILLED 11 PEOPLE, AND SPEWED MORE THAN THREE MILLION BARRELS OF CRUDE INTO LF OF MEXICO. THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION SAYS IT WANTS TO EASE REGULATORY PSRDENS. ENVIRONMENTAL GRIERCELY OPPOSE THE CHANGES.AD THNISTRATION HAS ALSO ISSUED A RULE TO PROTECT HEALTH CARE WORKERS IF THEY REFUSE PROVIDE ABORTIONS AND OTHER SERVICES ON RELIGIOUS GROUNDS. THE DEPARTME OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES SAYS IT REAFFIRMS EXISTING "CONSCIENCE PROTECTION" LAWS. F THOSE LAWS ADDRESS PROCEDURES SUCH AS ABORTION,AT STERILN AND ASSISTED SUICIDE. THE MAYOR OF BALTIMORE, CATHERINE PUGH, RESIGNED TODAY, AMID INVESTIGATIONS INTO SALES OF HER CHILDREN'S BOOKS. AT ISSUE IS WHETHER THE SALES DISGUISED KICKBACKS FROM COMPANIES DOING BUSINESS WITH THE CI. PUGH HAD BEEN ON LEAVE FOR A MONTH, CITING ILL HEALTH. HER LAWYER READ HER RESIGNATION STATEMENT.

>> "I AM SORRY FOR THE HARM THAT I HAVE CAUSED TO THE IMAGE OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE, AND THE CREDIBILITY OF THE OFFICE OF THE MAYOR. BALTIMORE DESERVES A MAYORHO CAN MOVE OUR GREAT CITY FORWARD."

>> Nawaz: THE CITY'S ACTING MAYOR WILL SUCCEED PUGH. COLORADO SENATOR MICHAEL BENNET ANNOUNCED TODAY HE IS JOINING THE CROWDED 2020 DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL FIELD. THE TWO-TERM SENATOR IS 54. HE BECOMES THE 21st DEMOCRAT IN THE RACE. HE DELAYED HIS ANNOUNCEMENT WHILE HE WAS TREATED FOR PROSTATE CANCER. FACEBOOK TODAY BANNED "NATION OF ISLAM" LEADER LOUIS FARRAKHAN, DR-RIGHT FIREBRAND ALEX JONES AND SEVERAL OTHEMED EXTREMISTS. THEIR ACCOUNTS ARE PERMANENTCE BARRED FROM OK'S MAIN SERVICE, AND INSTAGRAM. THE COMPANY SAYS THEY VIOLATED ITS POLICY AGAINST PROMOTING DANGEROUS INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANIZATIONS. AND ON WALL STREET TODAY, OIL OWICES SAGGED, AND HELPED PUSH THE BROADER MARKET. THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGO 122 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 26,307.AQ THE NASD FELL 12 POINTS, AND THE S&P 500 SLIPPED SIX.LD AND, THE WIDEO GAME HALL OF FAME HAS WELCOMED FOUR NEW ALDUCTEES. THEY INCLUDE "MOOMBAT," THE ARCADE FIGHTING GAME THAT TRIGGERED CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS OVER ITS VIOLENCE BACK IN 1993. ALSO INDUCTETODAY: "SUPER MARIO KART," "COLOSSAL CAVE ADVENTURE," AND "MICROSOFT SOLITAIRE." THE MUSEUM IS ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, FOR THOSE THAT WANT TO VISIT. STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR: ATTORNEY GENERAL WILLIAM BARRTI REFUSES TO T TO THE HOUSE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE. A RISE IN THE NUMBER OF REPORTED SEXUAL ASSAULT CASES IN THE U.S. MILITARY. "MAKING SENSE" OF HOW THE RIDE-SHARING SERVICE UBER USES DATA FROM ITS APP. AND, MUCH MORE.

>> Nawaz: THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S HANDLING OF THE ELLER REPORT AND REFUSING TO APPEAR BEFORE HTE U.S. HOUSE HAS SPARKED A FIERCE POLITICAL F BUT WHAT LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS DO HIS ACTIONS RAISE? I'M JOINED BY DAVID RIVKIN. HE SERVED AT THE JUSTICERT DENT AND THE WHITE HOUSE COUNSEL'S OFFICE IN THE REAGAN AND GEORGE H.W. BUSH ADMINISTRATIONS. AND, FORMER ACTING SOLICITOR GENERAL NE HE DRAFTED THE SPECIAL COUNSEL REGULATIONS UNDER ICH MUELLER S APPOINTED. WELCOME TO BOTH OF YOU. DAVID RIVKIN, I WANT TO START WITH YOU. YOU TOLD MY COLLEAGUE EARLIER YOU BELIEVE COMING IS OVERSTEPPING ITS AUTHORITY RIGHT NOW, BUT THE MUELLER LETTER THAT WAS SENT TO BARR MADE CLEAR THAT THERE WERE CONCERNS OVER HOW BARR WAS SUMMARIZI THE REPORT AND THERE'S A CONFLICT THERE. WHO OTHER THAN CONGRESS CAN GET TO THE BOTTOM THAT?

>> CONGRESS IS ENTITLED TO FORM A POLICY JUDGMENT AS FAR AS W IS ENTITLED TO MAKE A FINAL DECISION ABOUT THE PRESENTATION OF THE MUELLER REPORT UNDER REGULATIONS THAT NEAL PUT IN PLACE. THATHE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE SUBMITTED A REPORT TO THEAT RNEY GENERAL. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL HAS BEEN INCREDIBLY FORT RIGHT AND FORT COMING IN PRODUHE FULL REPORT. I WISH WE COULD TAKE PARTISANSHIP AND MUD SLINGING F THE TABLE. IF SOMEBODY DISAGREES, LET'S HAVE A SERIOUS DISCUSSION ABOUT IT. EVERY CAN CAN LOOK AT THE SUMMARY AND THE REDACTED REPOR THERE'S NO REASON TO GET INTO THE MUD SNGING.

>> MUELLER HIMSELF RAISED CONCERNS ABOUT THE SUMMARY IN THE WAY BAR WASE PRESENTING FINDINGS. ISN'T CONGRESS WITHIN THEIR FINDINGS --

>> IT'S NOT CLAR GIVEN THE CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN MR. MUELLER AND BARR WHAT'S TRANSPIRED. I SPENT NINE GLORIOUS YEARS IN THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. THERE ARE ALWAYS CLEALANIN DISPUTES ALONG SENIOR OFFICIALS NOT INVOLVING MALFEASCE OR POLITICIZATION. SO IF THERE WERE SOME DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN MR. MUELLER AND MR. BARR, HAPPENS EVERY DAY AND I'M SURE IN CONGRESS AS WELL.

>> THE LETTER FROM SPECIAL COUNSEL ROBERT MUELLER TO BARR WAS SENT IN MARCH. ON APRORIL 9 THE AY GENERAL TESTIFIED BEFORE THE HOUSE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE AND HAD THIS EXCHANGE WITH CONGRESSMAN CHARLIE CRI

>>ST. EPORTS HAVE EMERGED RECENTLY, GENERAL, THAHET MEMBES OFPECIAL COUNSEL'S TEAM ARE FRUSTRATED AT SOME LEVEL WITH THE LIMITED INFORMATIONCL ED IN YOUR MARCH 24t MARCH 24th LETTER, THAT IT DOES NOT ADEQUATELY OR ACCURATELY, NEESSARILY, PORTRAY THE REPORTS' FINDINGS. DO YOU KNOW WHAT THEY'REWI REFERENCIN THAT?

>> NO, I DON'T. I THINK -- I SUSPECT THAT THEY PROBABLY WANTED, YOU KNOW, MORE PUT OUT.

>> Nawaz: SPEAKER PELOSI ACCUSED BARR OF LYING TO CONGRESS, BREAKING THE LAW EENFORCEMENT COULD THERE CONSEQUENCES TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AS A RESULT OF THE STATEMENTS?

>>HERE WILL BE CONSEQUENCES, DEFINITELY. FIRST OF ALL, I DISAGREE WITH MY FRIEND DAVID ENTIRELY.H THE IDEA THAT MUELLER LETTER WAS SOMETHING TH HAPPENS ALL THE TIME, NOT. I SERVED IN TWO ADMINISTRATIONS HIGH IN THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT. I NEVER SAW ANYTHING EVEN CLOSE E, THIS. MUELLER DIDN'T HIKE, SOME MINOR DISAGREEMENT, HE WENT TO PAPER. HE OUTLINED HIONCERNS AND EVEN QUOTED THE END OF THE SPECIAL N UNSEL REGULATICH IS TALK ABOUT THE NEED FOR PUBLIC DISCLOSURE TO CONGRESS. SO I THINK MY FRIENDS ALSO ABSOLUTELY WRONG ABOUT THE SPECIAL COUNSEL REGULATIONS ING ALL ABUT AN EXECUTIVE BRANCH INVESTIGATION. THE WHOLE IDEA OF THEM WAS TO INVESTIGATE AND, PARTICULARLY IF YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT A SITTING PRESIDENT WHO CAN'T BE IND TO PROVIDE THAT FACT FINDING TO ASKED ABOUT PELNGOSI'S COMMENTS AND BARR'S TESTIMONY, AND T 100% AGREE WIHE SPIRIT OF YOUR QUESTION, WHICH IS THERE'S NO WAY TO WATCH THAT INTERCHANGE AND TOATCH THA BARR SAID YESTERDAY AND WHAT MUELLER SAID IN HIS SEPTEMBER, IN HIS MARCH 27th LETTER AND CONCLUDE ANYTHING BUT THAT THE ATTORNEY GENERAL WAS MISLEADING THE AMERICAN PUBLIC. MAYBE IT WASON UNINTEN. I DON'T KNOW. BUT THIS IS NOT THE STANDARD OF AN ATTORNEY GENERAL FROM EITHER PARTY IN OUR LIFETIMES. THIS IS DESPICABLE BEHAVIOR.

>> DAVID RIVKIN, LET ME ASK YOU ABOUT SOMETHING ELSE THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SAID INEV YESTERDAY'S US HEARING. HE SAID THE PRESIDENT CAN BASICALLY TERMINATE ANY INVESTIGATION IF HE VES ITS BASELESS. SENATOR SCHUMER SENT A LETTER TODAY TOERHE ATTORNEY GEN AND SAID THIS -- THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME I HEARD YOU ARTICULATE AS ATTORNEY GENERAL THIS STARKLY EXTREMIST VIEW. IF THESE TRUCE ARE TRULY YOUR VIEWS, YOU DO NOT DESERVE TO BE ATTORNEY GENERAL. DOES A VIEW LIKE THAT, SAYING THE PRESIDENT IS FREE TO TERMINATE WHATEVER INVESTIGATION HE LIKES, DOES THAT UNDERMINE ATTORNEY GENERAL BARR EPEES ABILITY TO DO HIS JOB?

>> NOT AT ALL. LET ME ASSOCIATE MYSELF WITH VERY BAR'S VIEW. IN OU CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM, THE PRESIDENT IS THE CHIEF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER. THE PRESIDENT CA NITIATE, CAN TERMINATE OR CAN IMPACT THE COURSE OF ESANY IGATION AS A CONSTITUTIONAL MATTER. AS A POLICY MATTER, AS A MATTER OF I POLITICAL PROPERTY, IT WOUD ESIDENT TOEZE FOR A PR DO THAT. BUT IT IS NOT THE SAME AS CONSTITUTIONAL JUSTICE. WE'RE GOINTO HAVE A SER YOU DIALOGUE ABOUT THOSE ISSUES. BUT IT'S RGRETTABLE MR. SCHUMER SEES FIT TO PUT FORWARD THOSE ALLEGATIONS. I DO NOT BELIEVE THE NOTION OFBY LYINATTORNEY GENERAL BARR. THE THE QUESTION IS WHETHER SOME MEMBERS OF MUELLER'S STAFF WERE DISENCHANTED. HE SAID NO BASED UPON THE FACT HE HAS NOT SPOKEN WITH MEMBERS AND MR. MUELLER HAS NOT TOLD HIM THAT.

>> Nawaz: AT THAT TIME HE HADLETTER IN WHIER MR. MUE AND HIS TEAMS SAID WE HAVE CONCERNS ABOUT THE WAY YOUHE SUMMARIZEDEPORT.

>> THESE ARE CONCERNS ABOUT PRESENTATION, THE PACE OF RELEASE, IMPORTANT TO HAVE AENTERTAINMENT RELEASE OF SUMMARY OF A REPORT.

>> THAT'S NOT WHAT OUR LETTER SAID.

>> IT'S REGRETTABLE AND UNWORTHY OF WHAT WE'RE DEALING WITH TO THROW THOSE KINDS OF FALSE ACCUSATIONS AROUND. Nawaz: NEAL, GO AHEAD. DAVID, THAT'S NOT WHAT THE LETTER SAYS. THE LETTER SAYS BECAE BARR'S NON-SUMMARY-SUMMARY HE DISTORTED THINGS AND THE PUBLIC WAS LEFT WITH THE WRONG IMRERKS AND YOUR WHOLE COMPLAIRKS WHICH I JUST HEARD BY ASTOUNDS MEH WH, O, THE QUESTION WASOU THE STAFF, AND THAT BOOMERANGS ON YOU BECAUSE BARR'S EXPLANATION YESTERDAY WAS ITH THOUGHLETTER WAS WRITTEN BY THE STAFF. SO BY YOUR REASONING, HE WOULD HAVE HAD TO DISCLAT. I UNDERSTAND YOU'RE A GREAT LAWYER BUT THE LENGTHS TO WHICH YOU ARE GOING TOF DED THIS ATTORNEY GENERAL WHO WILL GO DOWN IN HISTORY AS ONE OF THE MOST MISLEADING PEOPLE TO HOLD THAT OFFICE, MAYBE THE MOST, IS VERY SAD.

>> CAN I JUST MAKE ONE POINT? WHAT IS THE POINT -- THINK ABOUT THE PLAUSIBILITY OF SOMEONE WHO'S A DISTINGUISHED PUBLICOO SERVANT, AD FRIEND WHO MISLEADS THE AMERICAN PUBLIC FOR FCOUPLE OF WEEKS KNOWIL WELL THAT THEY WILL RELEASE THE ENTIRE REPORT WITH TINY REDOCKS, HODOES IT MAKE ANY SENSE, FORGET MORALITY, A MATTER OF PRAGMATISM --

>> Nawaz: A FEW SECONDS LEFT, THERE AREUM A NBER OF WAYS ABOUT WHICH THE ATTORNEY GENERAL TIMONYED QUESTIONS IN TES PEOPLE THOUGHT HE WAS EVASIVE AND PARSING WORDS, HAS HE LOST CREDIBILITY TO SERVE AS A CHIEF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER?

>> NOT AT ALL. THE FACT WE ARE FIGHTG NOW OVER UNUSUAL FORMAT FOR HISON TESTTO THE HOUSE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE WHERE FOR THE FIRST TIME IN HISTORYE YOUING TO HAVE A 30-MINUTE DISCOURSE BY OUTSIDE COUNSEL DOING COURT DRAMA-STYLE INQUISITION TELL US HOW FAR WE'VE GONE DOWN THIS ROAD AS COUNTRY.

>> Nawaz: NEAL KATYAL, WHAT DO YOU SEE HAPPENING NEXT?

>> I THINK THERE ARE GOING BE THESE 30-MINUTE QUESTIONS. BARR WILL HAVE TO TESTIFY AND FA THEM JUSAS IN WATERWAT N -- WHITEWATES IRAN CONTRA, IT'S ALL GOING TO HAPPEN.A AND IFR PLAYS CHICKEN, AS HE HAS BEEN, HE'S GOING TO GETNA SUBP HE'S GOING TO BE HELD IN CONTEMPT, AND I THINK THERE WILL BE OTHER CON WELL.NCES AS THE DEMOCRATS WILL CUT OUT FUNDING FOR THE OFFICE TO HAVE THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND -- OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND TARGET THIS LAWLESS ATTORNEY GENERAL.

>> Nawaz: NEAL KATYAL, DAVID RIVKIN, THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YING HERE.

>> GOOD TO BE WIU. THANK YOU.

>> Nawaz: AS OUR SOCIETY CONTINUES TO STRUGGLE WITH THE ISSUE OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND.S ASSAULT, THEARMED FORCES SHOW THEY ARE ALSO NOT IMMUNE TO THESE CRIMES. AS WILLIAM BRANGHAM NOW REPORTS, A NEW STUDY RELEASED FROM THE NT OF DEFENSE TODAY SHOWS A TROUBLING RISE IN ASSAULTS.

>> Brangham: THE STUDY FROM THE PENTAGON TODAY SAYS THAT REPORTS OF SUAL ASSAULT WENT UP BY 13% LAST YEAR, BUT INDICATED THE PROBLEM COULD BE FAR WORSE. THIS RISE COMES AFTER NUMEROUS EFFORTS BY THE DIFFERENT MILITARY BRANCHES TO STEM THESE ATTACKS. THE STUDY, WHICH WAS BASED ON THE PENTAGON'S MOST RECENT, ANONYMOUS SURVDICATED THAT MORE THAN 20,000 SERVICE MEMBERS-- MOSTLY FEMALE-- EXPERIENCED SOME KINEXUAL ASSAULT LAST YEAR. THE GR WERE ASSAULTS AGAINST FEMALE SERVICE MEMBERS AGED 17 TO 24, AND TH WERE MOST OFTEN ATTACKED BY SIMILARLY-RANKED SERVICE MEMBERS. AMONG THE BRCHES, THE MARINE CORPS SAW THE BIGGEST INCREASE,2 WITH RISE. AND OVERALL, ONLY A THIRD OF THE ALLEGED VICTIMS FILED A FORMAL REPORT. JOINING ME NOW IS DEMOCRATIC SENATOR TAMMY DUCKWORTH OF ILLINOIS. SHE IS A FORMER LIEUTENANT COLONEL IN THE ARMY, SHE SITS OV THE ARMED ES COMMITTEE. SENATOR DUCKWORTH, THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR BEING HERE. I WONDER IF YOU COULD JUST GIVE ME YOUR INITIAL REACTION WHEN YOU SAW THESE NUMBERS.

>> WELL, MY INITIAL REACTION IS THAT THEY SHOWED BOTH A SUCCESS AND FAILURE ON THE PART OF THE MILITARY LEADERSHI I THINK THAT THE NUMBERS REFLE THE TRAINING THAT THE MILITARY HAS BEEN INCREASING SO MORE OOPS CAN IDENTIFY WHAT ACTUALLY IS SEXUAL ASSAULT. SO I THINK THAT THEIR RESPONSES TO THE SURVEY THAT INCREASED -- THAT 5,000 INCREASED ACTUALL SHOWS THAT THE TROOPS BETTER UNDERSTAND WHAT IS SEXUAL ASSAULT. SO THAT'S A SUCCESS ON THE MILITARY'S SIDE THAT THEIR EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM IS WORKING. WHAT REALLY BOTHERS ME, THOUGH, IS THAT THE PERCENTAGE WHOTU LY REPORTED THESE SEXUAL ASSAULTS TO THEIR LEADERSHIP, TO THE MECHANISMS THAT THE MILITARY HAS PUT INTO PLACE REMAINS AT A VERY LOW 30, AND THAT SHOWS AVE STILL DISTRUST IN THE RANKS OF THE MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT FOR REPORTING AND THERE'S A NSE, PERHAPS, MAYBE THEY DON'T TRUST THEY WILL GET JUSTICE, THEY DON'T TRUST THEY WON'T BETA ATED AGAINST. WHATEVER IT IS, THERE'S STILL A PROBLEM. SO THE EDUCATION PIECE IS REFLECTED IN THE INCREASE IN NUMBERS SHOWING MORE PEOPLESE UNDERSTAND WHAAL ASSAULT IS BUT STILL THE SAME LOW PERCENTAGE ARE ACTUALLY REPORTING IT AND TRYING TOSEEK JUSTICE AND THAT IS A PROBLEM.

>> LET'S TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THAT. IF ASICTIM OF A EXUAL ASSAULT IN THE ARMED SERVICES FEELS THAT THEY ARE NOT GOING TO GET JUSTICE OR, AS YOU SAY, THEY'RE GOING TO GETIA RETD AGAINST, HOW DO WE STRENGTHEN THAT SYSTEM SO THAT PEOPLE WHO ARE LEGITIMATE VICTIMS OF CRIMES FEEL THEY WILL GET JUSTICE AND ACTUALLY GET JUSTICE. W

>> WELL, THIS RE AS A MEMBER OF THE SENATE ARMED ARMED SERVIC COMMITTEE AND SOMEONE WHO WORKED ON TISSUE A LONG TIME, I WONDER IF IT'S TIME FOR USAO TKE CONTROL. THE MILITARY LEADERS HAVE BEEN SAYING TIME AND TIME AGAIN, GIVE US MORE TIMES, WE'VE PUT IN MORE WAYS FOR VICTIMS OF SEXUAL A ASSAULT TO E TO REPORT, THAT WE'RE GOING TO CHANGE THE CULTURE. THINK THEY HAVE BEEN PARTIALLY BEEN SUCCESSFUL WITH CHANGING THE CULTURE AND SUCCESSFUL AT EDUCATING PEOPLE SO THEY KNOW WHAT SEXUAL ASSAULT IS ESPECIALLY AMONG THE YOUNGER TROOPS BURK THEY HAVE NOT BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN TERMS OF THE ESTABLISHMENT AND PERHAPS IT IS TIME TO FULLY REMOVE THIN STIGATION, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE PART OUT FROM UNDER THE COMMAND OF THE MILITARY LEADSHIP IN THAT COMAND STRUCTURE WHEN IT COMES TO SEXUAL CRIMES.

>> I KNOW THAT'S BEEN A SUBJECT OF GREAT DEBATE AMONGST THE SERVICE MEMBERS AND OTHER MEMBERS OU THE SENATE AND HSE HAVE SAID WE CAN'T SIMPLY HAVE A VICTIM REPORTI TO HER DECT SUPERVISE BECAUSE THAT PERSON IS OFTEN POTENTIALLY A WITNESS TOOF OR PARHE CULTURE IN WHICH THAT CRIME OCCURRED, BUT THERE'S GREAT RESIANCE ON TH MILITARY'S PART TO TAKING THE DIRECT LEADERS OUT OF THAT PROCESS.

>> RIGHT, BECAUSE THERE ARE -- LOOK, I WAS A MILITARY COMMANDER, I WAS IN CONTROL OF D UNIT AND I WANT THE ABILITY TO INSTISCIPLINE. THE PROBLEM IS THE MECHANISMS WE HAVE T IN PLACE INCLUDING ALLOWING VICTIMS TO REPORT THROUGH A SEPARATE CHANGE, NOTNE SSARILY THEIR OWN CHAIN OF COMMAND, BUT THERE'S STILL A PROBLEGHBECAUSE EVEN TH MORE VICTIMS RECOGNIZE THAT WERE STILL VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ASSAULT AT LEAST INREASE IN NUMBERS, NOT A PERCENTAGE OF THOSE WHO ACTUALLY USED THE SYSTEM, THE NEW SYSTEM IN PLACE HAS NOT INCRSED, SO WE'VE GOT TO FIX THAT.

>> MORE BROADLY, I'M C YIOUS WHR SENSE IS. L YOU THINK THIS IS INCREASED PROBLEM OF SEXUASAULT, IS THIS A MILITARY PROBLEM OR IS THIS A CIVILIAN PRO BECAUSE AS WE WERE JUST REPORTING, A LARGE NUMBER OF THE VICTIMS AND THE PERPETRATORS ARE VERY YOUNG PEOPLE. THEY ARE COMING RIGHT OUT OF THEIR HOMES AND CITIES ANDS LI AND ARE ONLY IN THE SERVICE FORCE A YEAR OR TWO, MAYBE JUST ENLISTED. SO IF THIS A CIVILIAN ISSUE OR A LITARY ISSUE?

>> I THINK THIS IS A COMBINATION AN CULTURAL ISSUES. REMEMBER, WHAT ITO MAKE SURE IS I DON'T KNOW THAT THE NUMBER OF SEXUAL ASSAULTS IN THE MILITARY HAS INCREASED. WHAT THIS REPORT SAYS IS THATPL MORE PEWORN ASKED WERE YOU VICTIMS OF AN ASSAULT REPORTED THAT THEY WERE, AND I THINK THIS IS MORE AN EDUCATIONAL PIECE, WHHEE MORE OF TM UNDERSTAND WHAT SEXUAL ASSAULT IS, WHO MAYBE TWO OR THREE YEARS AGO WOULD HAVE SAID, OH, I WAS DRU AND HAD SEX WITH SOMEONE I DIDN'T WANT TO HAVE SEX WITH AND PAT OUT. NOW THEY UNDERSTAND TWO OR THREE YEARS LATER, NO, THAT WAS SEXUAL ASSAULT, YOU DID NOT GIVE CONSENT. I DON'T KNOW IF THE NUMBER OF B INCREASE HEN MORE SEXUAL ASSAULTS IN THE MILITARY, I THINK MORE PEOPLE UNDERSTAND AND ARE ACKNOWLEDGING THEY WERE VICTIMS. HOWEVER, THE NUMBER WHO REPORTED THROUGH THE CHAIN OF COMMAND THAT THIS IS A PROBLEM STILL REMAINS VERY LOW, SO THE REPORT SHOWS ME THAT THERE'S A LACK OFN CONF IN THE SYSTEM FOR REPORTING AND PROSECUTING THESE CRIMES. THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE WHAT IT SHOWS IS THERE'S ALSO A SYSTEMIC AND CULTURE ISSUE IN OUR NATION WITH THESE YOUNG G PEOPLE THAT THEY'RE COM AND I THINK IF YOU HAD THE SAME KIND OF EDUCATION SYSTEM IN C COLLEGMPUSES, FOR EXAMPLE, YOU WOULD PROBABLY SEE A LARGER NUMBER OF PEOPLE SAY, HEY, YOU KNOW, I WAS A SEXUAL ASSAULT VICTIM MYSELF O MYBE RIGHT NOW ARE COLLEGE FRESHMEN AND WHO WOULD NOT HAVE RECOGNIZED THE SITUATION THEY WERE IN.

>> I WONDER, SENATOR, HOW MUCH YOU THINK, IF THERE WERE MORE AND MORE WOMEN IN SENIOR LEADERSHIP ROLES IN TH DIFFERENT BRANCHES, WOULD THAT HELP ADDRESS THIS?

>> OH, VERY CH SO AND I THINK YOU'RE SEEING SOME THOSE CHANGES HAPPENING NOW. WITH MORE WOMEN IN COMMANDS, POSITISPECIALLY AS WOMEN ENTER IN COMBAT FIELDS ACROSS THE MILITARY, YOU'RE GOING TO SEE A REAL BETTER UNDERSTANDI AND THEIR HANDLING OF THIS ISSUE. THIS IS FROM MY OWN EXPERIENCE WHEN I WAS OA COMPANYMMANDER AND I WAS THE ONLY FEMALE COMMISSIONED OFFICER IN MY BATTALION FOR A LONG TIME, FOR EXAMPLE, AND I ACTUALLY HADWO YOUNN FROM OTHER UNITS COME TO ME AND SAY, MA'AM, I WANT TO RERT SOMETHING TO YOU, YOU'RE THE ONLY FEMALE OFFICER I KNOW AND'M GOING TO COMTO YOU BECAUSE I DIDN'T TRUST TO REPORT OR ASK FOR HELP THROUGH MY OWN CHAIN OF COMMAND. SO MORE WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP ACROSS THE MILITARY WILL HELP THE SITUATION.

>> TAMERA KEITH, THORK YOU SO MUCHOUR TIME.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Nawaz: UBER'S IMPENDING INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING, WHICH IS EXPECTED TO BE ONE OF THE LARGEST EVER, POSSIBLY CREATING AN INITIAL MARKET VALUE OF CLOSE TO $90 BILLION. OUR ECONOMICS CORRESPONDENT PAUL SOLMAN RECENTLY VISITED HEADQUARTERS OF THE RIDE HAILING SERVICE PLATFORM, TO BETTER UNDERSTAND WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY PUTS ECONOMISTS-- AND THEIR CLOSE ANALYSIS OF DATA-- IN THE DRIVER'SEAT. IT'S THE LATEST INSTALLMENT OF "MAKING SENSE," OUR WEEKLY ECONOMICS SERIES. C

>> WE'RE IN NTRIES, AND WE SEE ABOUT 15 MILLION TRIPS A DAY.

>> Reporter: UBER: THESE DAYS,RA LIY ALL OVER THE MAP.

>> YOU'LL SEE THE BIGGEST CIRCLES ARE WHERE WE SEE THE MOST TRIPS HAPPENING ON OUR PLATFORM.

>> Reporter: UBER DATA SCIENTIST CORY KENDRICK CAN TRACK EVERY RIDE, WODWIDE-- AND THERE HAVE BEEN TONS OF THEM.

>> ABOUT TEN BILLION TRIPSINCE WE STARTED.

>> Reporter: HERE AT UBER'S SAN FRANCISCO HEADQUARTERS, THE RESULTING DATA IS ANALYZED BY A TEAM OF IN-HOU ECONOMISTS.

>> MY GUESS IS, OVERALL, BETWEEN 20 AND 30 Ph.D'S.

>> Reporter: JONATHAN HALL IS E UBER'S CHINOMIST. HIS MISSION?

>> WRITING PAPERS, PUBLISHING THEM, AND TRYING TO ESH GROUND TRUTH ON TRICKY ISSUES LIKE THE VALUE OF FLEXIBILITY TO THE WORKFORCE.

>> Reporter: OF COURSE, UBER'S SONOMISTS NEED TO PROTECT ITS BOTTOM LINE, HELP Y AHEAD OF THE COMPETITION. BUT UBER PRESENTS AN UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY, THE REALIZATION OF MANY AN ECONOMIST'S DREAM: PERFECT MARKETS. CASE IN POINT: SURGE PRICING.

>> ECONOMI THE IDEA OF THE PRICE NOT BEING ABLE TO CHANGE WHEN SUPPLY OR DEMAND CHANGWE. AVE THIS ALGORITHM, CALLED THE SURGE ALGORITHM, WHOSEOS PUIS TO IDENTIFY IMBALANCES BETWEEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND, AND SOLVE THEM IN IZWAY THAT MAX THE EFFICIENCY OF THE MARKET.WH

>> Reporter: S MORE PASSENGERS DEMAND RIDES, PRICES GO UP, TO ENTICE MORERS TO SUPPLY THEM. OR, TAKE UBER'S CONTROVERSIAL, OFT-CRITICIZED LAB MODEL: CH THE DRIVERS ARE INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS WHO CASE TO WORK WHENEVER THEY WANT OR WHEREVER THEY WANT, WITH ESSENTIALLY NO RESTRICTIONS. AND THAT'S VERY EXCITING TO AN ECONOMIST WHO BELIEVES IN OPEN MARKETS AND COMPETITION. E

>> Reporter: SO YOU ARE EMBODIMENT OF WHAT ECONOMISTS WOULD LIKE AN ECONOMY TO LOOK LIKE?

>> ( LAUGHS ) I THINK WE STRIVE FOR THAT.

>> Reporter: SO HALL ECONOMICS SQUAD IS MINING THE VAST DATA COLLECTED BY THE UBER APP TO UNDERSTAND DRIVER AND PASSENGER BEHAVIOR, AND TO TWEAK IT.

>> WOMEN, ON AVERAGE, TEND TO DO FEWER TRIPS PER UNIT OF TIME THAN MEN.

>> Reporter: ONE STUDY ANALYZED DATA FROM OVER A MILLION DRIVERS TO FIND A 7% GENDER RNINGS GAP.

>> WE KNOW IT'S NOT DISCRIMINATION. THERE'S A FORMULA THAT DETERMINES HOW MUCH THEY MAKE.

>> Reporter: STANFORD ECONOMIST PAUL OYER, WHO DID THE RESEARCH WITH UBER, SAYS WOMEN MAKE LESS R A LESS OBVIOUS REASON.

>> THEY DRIVE SLOWER. SO, THE FASTER YOU DRIVE, THE MORE REVENUE YOU'RE GEE RATING, BECAU'RE GETTING MORE RIDES IN PER HOUR.

>> Reporte AND SINCE MEN GIVE MORE RIDES, THEY GET MORE EXPERIENCE.

>> SO IF YOU GO OUT AND GET IN AN UBER RIGHT NOW, AND THERE'S A MAN DRIVING, AND THEN YOU GO OUT AND GET IN AN UBER WITH A WOMAN DRIVING, ON AVERAGE, THAT MAN WILL HAVE HAD MORE EXPERIENCEER DRIVING FOR AND THEREFORE .E WILL BE BETTER AT IT AND HE WILL EARN MORE MON

>> Reporter: WHILE WE WERE THERE, THE UBER TEAM EXPLORED ONE POSSIBLE TWEAK.

>> HAVING THIS PER-MILE COMPONENT ESSENTIALLY MECHANICALLY REWARDS FOR SPEED. WHAT THIS INTERVENTI CONSIDERS IS WEIGHTING LESS HEAVILY ON THIS PER-MILE AND MORE HEAVILY ON TS PER-MINUTE.

>> Reporter: DATA IS THE DRIVER. ABOUT TIPPING, FOR EXAMPLE, INTRODUCED IN 2017?

>> WE CONSIDER THE ROLLOUT OF TIPPING TO BE AN IMPORTANT EXPERIMENT AND OPPORTUNITY THAT, TO GET IT RIGHT.

>> Reporter: DOES THIS MAKE PEOPLE MORE GENEROUS TOWARDS DRIVERS, OR LESS INCLINED TO USE UBER, OR BOTH?

>> BOTH.r:

>> ReporUT, USING THE KEY METRIC OF ECONOMICS, THE COST OF LOSING CUSTOMERS WAS OUTWEIGHED BY THE BENEFIT OF MORE MOTIVATED DRIVERS. STANFORD ECONOMIST SUSAN ATHEY SAYS MANY TECH COMPANIES EMPLOY ECONOMISTS TO RUN THE NUMBERS.

>> YOU HAVE A BIT OF THIS IMAGE OF SILICON VALLEY, THAT SOMEBODY'S SITTING THERE THINKING OF A BRILLIAN ACONE IN A ROOM, AND THEN PUTTING IT INTO CE. BUT ACTUALLY, THE REAL INNOVATION THAT HAPPENS,PE ALLY FOR THE LARGE TECH FIRMS, IS JUST LOTS AND LOTS AND LOTS OF INCREMENTAL INNOVATION. RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TESTS, THOUSANDS OF THEM A YEAR, TO TRY TO IMPROVE ALGORITHMS, TO TRY TO IMPROVE SYSTEMS TO MAKE THEM TTER.

>> Reporter: "BETTER," WHICHMA ULLY MEANS MORE PROFITABLE, WHETHER CONSUMERS ARE ON BOARD OR NOT. JONATHAN HALL AND I TOOK AN UBER WITH HAYLEY McGONIGLE, WHO SAYS THE ALGORITHMS KEEP HER BUSY... HAPPILY BUSY.

>> I THINK A LOT OF THE IMPROVEMENTS LATELY HAVE BEEN TO KEEP DRIVERS CONSTTLY BUSY. ANYTIME YOU DON'T HAVE A RIDER, THAT'S OF COURSE LOST WAGES, RIGHT THERE.

>> Reporter: McGONIGLE WAS PROVIDED BY UBER. SHE WORKS MORNING RUSH HOURS, YS SHE MAKES $35 AN HOUR BUT FOR SOME SAN FRANCISCO DRIVERS, THE ECONOMIST'S DREAM CAN BE THE WORKER'S NIGHTMARE.

>> THEY'VE BEEN DEEASING HOW MUCH MONEY THEY PAY TO DRIVERS, YEAR AFTER YEAR.

>> Reporter: MOSTAFA MAKLAD HAS BEEN DRIVING FOR ALMOST FOUR YEARS.

>> INSTEAD OF WORKING LIKE 40 HOURS A WEEK, I'M FORCED TO WORK AT LEAST 60, 70, 80 HOURS A WEEK IN ORDER TO PAY MY BILLS AND PAY ALL MY EXPENSES.

>> Reporter: BAY AREA DRIVERS FOR UBER AND RIVAL LYFT HAVE BEEN PROTESTING LOW PAY WITH NO BENEFITS. MEANWHE, THE I.P.O.s OF BOTHMP COIES WILL MAKE MANY OF THEIR ACTUAL EMPLOYEES RICH.

>> THERE'S A LOT OF FRUSTRATION OUT THERE.

>> Reporter: MICHAEL MARTINEZ DRIVES FOR UBER ABOUT 25 HOURS A WEEK.

>> IF YOU INCLUDE ALL OF THE COSTS, AND YOU ALSO INCLUDE THEU CONSTANT RATE TS THAT HAVE BEEN GOING ON OVER THE LAST FOUR YEARS I'VE BEEN DOING IT, I'MAB PROBLY GETTING PRETTY CLOSE TO JUST WHAT SAN FRANCISCO'S MINIMUM WAGE WOULD BE, TO HONEST.

>>eporter: UBER SAYS THERE HAVE BEEN RATE CHANGES IN BOTH DIRECTIONS. BUT THAT DOE'T MITIGATE THE IMPOTENCE DRIVERS FEEL IN THE HANDS OF A FACELESS, FOREVER- TWEAKED ALGORITHM.

>> HENEVER THEY DO ANY CHANGES, WE ARE FORCED TO ACCEPT AND AGREE TO THEIR TERMS IN ORDER TO GO ONLINE AND START DRIVING.

>> WE HAVE ABSOLUTELY NO POWER WHATSOEVER. UBER DOES AS THEY WILL, AND WE HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO ACCEPT IT.

>> Reporter: BUT DESPITE THEIR GRIPES, BOTH MAKLAD AND MARTINEZ CONTINUE TO DRIVE.

>> THE MAIN DRAW IS THE FLEXIBILITY.

>> TO BE HONEST, IT'S THE ONLY JOB THAT I CAN DO WHILE GOING TO SCHOOL.

>> Reporter: UNSURPRISINGLY, UBER ECONOMISTS LIKE LIBBY MISHKIN STUDFLD THE VALUE OF IBILITY.

>> DRIVERS WORKED MORE AS A RESULT OF THIS FLEXIBILITY, BECAUSE THEY DON'T HAVE TO COMMIT TO DOING SOMETHING THAT THEY MIGHT NOT WANT TO DO LATER. THEY CAN JUST CHOOSE TO WORK WHENEVER THEY FEEL LIKE IT.

>> Reporter: THE ECONOMISTS ALSO USE DATA TO ANSWER CRITICS ON A MYRIAD OF ISSUES, LIKE HOW UBER INCREASES NGESTION IN CITIES LIKE NEW YORK, WHERE THE MAP IS LIT UP WITH ER RIDES.

>> THERE'S REALLY MIXED EVIDENCE. AND SO ONE THING WE'RE TRYING TO DO IS MAKE SURE THERE'S MORE RIGOROUS RESEARCH OUT THERE, TRYING TO GET AT THIS QUESTION. IT'S REALLY HARD TO STUDY FOR A NUMBER OF REASONS. ONE IS THAT THERE HAS BEEN A LOT 'S ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE LAST TEN YEARS, AND THEORE TRAFFIC WHEN THAT HAPPENS. AT Reporter: SUPPOSE YOU DID A STUDY AND FOUND BER WAS THE MAIN CONTRIBUTOR TO CONGTION PROBLEMS IN NEW YOR SAN FRANCISCO, AND ELSEWHERE. WOULDN'T Y BE CONSTRAINED FROM TELLING EVERYBODY THAT THAT' THE CASE?

>> CONGESTION'S BAD FOR UBER TOO. OUR CARS WILL BE GOING SLOWER. WE ALSO HAVE BIKES AND SCOOTERS, ICH ARE NEW MODES ON THE PLATFORM THAT ARE TRYING TO GET OPLE OUT OF CARS AND INTO ACTIVE MODES.

>> Reporter: IN SHORT, MORE TWEAKING, WITH THE DATA FROM MEGA-MILLIONS OF CUSTOMERS LEADING THE WAY. AND THAT'S THE NEW WORLD OFIC ECON SAYS SUSAN ATHEY.

>> RIGHT NOW, IT'S THE GOOGLES AND THE AMAZONS AND THE UBERS, BUT IT'S GOING TO BE THE BANKS AND IT'S GOING TO BE OTHER MANUFACTURING FIRMS. SO REALLY, ALL PARTS OF THE ECONOMY ARE GOING TO DITIZE AND START OPTIMIZING IN A MORE SCIENTIFIC WAY. EVENTUALLY, IT WILL ALL GET ROUTINE.

>>eporter: BECAUSE OF THE INFORMATION YOU AND I PROVIDE. FROM SAN FRANCISCO, THIS IS PBS NEWSHOUR BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS CORRESPONDT PAUL SOLMAN.

>> Nawaz: AFTER TAKING A MONTHD OF LEAVE T A PERSONAL SCANDAL TARNISHING THE CITY'S ALAGE, FORMER BALTIMORE MAYOR CATHERINE PUGH F RESIGNED TODAY. THE CITY, AS THE "BALTSUN" PUT IT, HAS LONG DEALT WITH A HIORY OF WRONGDOING BY POLITICIANS. ALL OF THAT ON TOP OF SERIOUS PROBLEMS WH CRIME, VIOLENCE AND A LACK OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY. WE LOOK AT THIS MOMENT NOW AND WHETHER IT PRESENTS A LARGER OPPORTUNITY. ALEC MacGILLIS IS A REPORTER FOR PROPUBLICA, WHO IS A LONGTIME RESIDENT OF THE CITY. HE WROTE ABOUT THE CITY'S UNDERLYING CONCERNS EXTENSIVELYC IN A PIELED "THE TRAGEDY OF BALTIMORE." IT W YORK TIMES" AND PROPUBLICA. ALEC MacGILLIS, WELCOME TO THE "NewsHour". LET'S JUST START WITH THIS MOMENT RIGHT NOW. HOW IMPORTANT IS IT FOR BALTIMORE THAT CATHERINE PUGH IS GONE?

>> IT'S VERY IMPORTANT. THERE'S A REAL SENSE RELIEF HERE IN TOWN. IT WAS A VERY STRANGE FEW WEEKS HEREO HAVE A MAYOR WHO WAS ON LEAVE, COMPLETELY VISIBLE, NO ONE REALLY KNEW WHERE SHE WAS, COMPLETELY IN LIMBO, NO ONE KNEW WHATSOAS GOING TO HAPPEN, NOW WE FINALLY HAVE SOME REAL WECLARITY. KNOW WHO OUR MAYOR IS FOR THE NEXT YEAR. THE CITY COUNCIL PRESIDENT HAS STEPPED UP TO BE MAYOR, AND WE'LL HAVE AN ELECTION NEXTEA TO GIVE US A NEW PERMANENT MAYOR. SO THERE'S A REAL CHANCE FOR KIND OA TRASURE FROM START AND RECKONING NOW.

>> YOU'RE A RESIDENT AND HAVE BEEN COVERING THIS A LONG TIME. AT IS THE PATH FORWARD FOR BALTIMORE?

>> THE PATH FORWARD TAKES TW DIFFERENT TACKS RIGHT NOW, I'D SAY. ONE IS THERE HAS TO BE FURER RECKONING WITH WHAT HAPPENED IN THIS PARTICULAR SCANDAL, THE SCANDAL INVOLVINSE CHILDREN'S BOOKS THAT WERE BEING SOLD BY THE MAYOR TO ALL SORTS OF PETOPLE WH -- COMPANIES WITH INTERESTS IN CITY GOVERNMENT, ALL EXPOSE THANKS TO GREAT REPORTING BY THE BALTIMORE SUN, LAND THERE NEEDS TO BE FL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR AGEVOLVED IN THE SCANDAL. IT'S IMPORTAI TO KEEP IN MND CATHERINE PUGH WAS ELECTED WITH THE SUPPORT OF A LOT OF BIGTS BUSINESS INTERERE IN TOWN, AND, SO, THERE NEEDS TO BE AN ACCOUNTABILITY FOR ALL THOSE FOLKS WHO SUPPORTED HER AND WHO WERE INVOLVED IN THE SCANDAL. MORE BROADLY, THOUGH, THER NEEDS TO BE A COMPETITIVE, HEALTHY ELECTION NEXT YEAR THAT GIVES US A CHANCE TOIND NEW LEADERSHIP FOR THIS CITY, THE KIND OF LEADERSHIP THAT WE SHOULD HAVE GOTTEN THREE YEARS AGO IN THE 2016 ELECTION FOLLOWING ALL THE PROTEST AND CRISIS AFTER FREIE GRAY'S DEATH. THAT WAS A KEY MOMENT WE COULD HAVE MOVED FORWARD AND REBUILT THE CITY, AN THE CITY MISED THAT OPPORTUNITY. THREE OR FOUR YEARS LATER, WE'LL GET THEPPORTUNITY AGAIN.

>> Nawaz: ONE STATE SENATOR SAID THE ENTIRE EPISODE HAS BEEN RTFUL FOR THE CITY. TELL ME HOW DEEP A HOLE THE CITY HOW DO THEY GAIN BACK TRUST?S

>> WHAPPENED MORE BROADLY IN THE CITY IN THE LAST FEW YEARS IS GENERAL INUNRAVELLING LL GOVERNMENT AND ORDINANCE. BALTIMORE WAS ACTHEADED IN A GOOD DIRECTION NOT THAT LONG AGO. THE HOMICIDE RATE HADDROP QUITE A BIT EARLY THIS DECADE. POPULATION WAS EVEN GROWINGCH AGAIN WHAS QUITE REMARKABLE, BUT THEN FOLLOWING THE DEATH OF FREDDIE GRAY FR INJURIES AND POLICE CUSTODY AND ALL THE UNREST THAT FOLLOWED THAT, THINGS REALLY KIND OF FE APART IN THE CITY. THE HOMICIDE RATE SURGED TO JUST RECORDBREAKING LEVELS. WE'VE HAD THIS MASSIVE POLIC CORRUPTION CAIRKS ONE POLICE COMMISSIONER AFTER ANOTHER BEING TURNED IN AND OUT OF OFFICE AN WE HAD CITY HALL AND THE REST OF THE GOVERNMENT GOING ALL THE WAY UP TO GOVERNOR, GOVERNOR HOGAN, FAILING TO RESPOND TO THIS REAL CRISIS OF GOVERNANCE. SO THAT'S WHAT WE'VE SEEN IN THE CITY. IT'S NOT A GENERAL ECONOMIC COLLAPSE. IT'S A BREAKDO OF ORDER AND GOVERNANCE. IT HAS BEEN QUITE TERRIFYING AND SAD TO BOLD, AND THE HOPE NOW IS WE'VE KIND OF HIT BOTTOM IN A SENSE AND CAN HAVE THIS MOMENT OF CLARITY AND REAL REKONING AND REBUILD FROM HERE.

>> Nawaz: HOPEFULLY BETTER DAYSOR THEEOPLE OF BALTIMORE. ALEC MacGILLIS, THANKS FOR BEING WITH US TOIGHT.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Nawaz: THE NEWLY-ELECTED PRESIDENT OF UKRAI HAS BEEN SPARRING POLITICALLY WITH RUSSIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN OVER THE FATE OF THOSE TRAPPED BY WAR. SINCE APRIL 2014, RUSSIAN-BACKED SEPARATISTS HAVE BEEN FIGHTING THE UKRAINIAN MILITARY IN TWO DISTRICTS ALONG THE UKRAINE- RUSSIA BORDER. THE WAR HAS KILLED MORE THAN 3,000 OPLE. AND AS NICK SCHIFRIN REPORTS, CIVILIANS ARE TRAPPED IN THE MIDDLE, AND THMOST AFFECTED VICTIMS ARE CHILDREN. ( HAMMERING )

>> Schifrin: ALONG THE FRONT LINES IN EASTERN UKRAINE, MATTRESSES BECOME SHIELDS FROM SHRAPNEL. AND THE ONLY SAFE SPACE IS THE BASEMENT. AND, WHEN TEN-YEAR-OLD OLEG IS COLD AND SCARED, HIS GRANDMOTHER ALEKSANDRA SINGS HIM AN OLD LULLABY, TO DISTRACT HIM FROM THE WAR ABOVE. ♪ DON'T LIE DOWN ONED TH OF THE BED ♪

>> Schifrin: BUT THES NO ESCAPING THIS WAR. ON AND OFF FOR FIVE YEARS, AFTER THE SUN GOES DOWN, UKRAINIAN SOLDIERS FIGHT THESE RUSSIAN-IS BACKED SEPAR. THE U.S. AND UKRAINE BLAME RUSSIA FOR GIVING THEM FUNDING AND LOGI AT ONE POINT, RUSSIAN SOLDIERS VADED EASTERN UKRAINE. TODAY, THE FRONT LINES ARE FROZEN.E ANLM, "THE DISTANT BARKING OF DOGS," SHOWS HOW RESIDENTS ARE CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE, AND CHILDREN CAN SUFFER THE MOST. IT WAS DIRTED AND FILMED BY LEMON WILMONT.

>> CHILDREN LIKE O AND OLEG HIMSELF ALSO, HAS BEEN FORCED TO GROW UP WAY TOO FAST. HE LIVES IN A PLACE WHERE HE'S NOW ABLE TO TELL, BY THE SOUND OF MORTARS, ROUGHLY HOW FAR THEY ARE AWAY. AND NO CHILD SHOULD HAVE TO BE ABLE TO DO THA

>> Schifrin: IT WASN'T ALWAYS THAT WAY. THEIR VILLAGE RUNS ALONG A STREAM WHERE OLEG AND S COUSIN YARIK GREW UP SWIMMING. THEY ARE BEST FRIENDS, AND EVEN ON THE FRONT LINES, BOYS FIND TIME TO BE BOYS. BUT AT SCHOOL, THE CAMERA LINGERS ON OLEG'S FACE AS CLASSMATES TALK ABOUT WHAT TO DO IF THEY FIND MINES. ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS PRACTICE ESCAPING TO THE SCHOOL BASEMENT. AND OLEG GETS CAUGHT OUT OF THE HOUSE TOO LATE, AFTER THE NIGHTLY SHELLING BEGINS. IT WAS OVERWHELMING AND SCARY, HE TOLD US IN AN INTERVIEW EARLIER THIS YEAR.

>> ( translated ): EACH TIME WE WENT TO THE BASEMENT, I WAS AFRAID. I WAS SCED THAT SHELLS WOULD FALL SOMEWHERE NEAR. I WAS HOPING THAT OUR HOUSLDAND SCHOOL WEMAIN UNHARMED. IT WAS VERY SCARY TO ME. NEI WAS WORRIED FOR EVERYO IN MY FAMILY. ( MAKING GUN SOUNDS )

>> Schifrin: AS TIME GOES ON, ESPECIALLY WITH HIS OLDER FRIEND KOSTYA, OLEG'S INNOCENCE EVAPORATES. E PRETENDS TO BE A SOLDIER. WHEN THE KIDS AR AN OLD INDUSTRIAL WAREHOUSE, THEY'RE FASCINATED BY THE TOOLS OF WAR. AND OLEG BEGINS TO LOSE HIS FEAR..NOT FOR THE BETTER.

>> ( translated ): WE'RE MEN. WE HAVE TO BE ABLEO ENDURE EVERYTHING. LIKE FEAR. AND EVERYTHING ELSE.

>> ONE OF THE VERY SEVERE EFFECTS IT HAS ON THEM PSYCHOLOGICALLY, IS THAT THEY GET DESENSITIZED, AND THAT MIGHT LEAD TO DEPRESSION IN A LOT OF CASES. AT KIND OF OVERLOAD OF FEAR I THINK MAKES THEM WITHDRAW WITHIN THEMSELVES, AND LOSE THAT INTEREST IN LIFE AND LOSE THAT APPETITE FOR LIFE.

>> Schifrin: THAT'S WHAT OLEG'SA GRANDMOTHE SHE TRIED TO SHIELD HIM FROM.

>> ( translated ): WE NEED TO DO EVERYTHING WE CAN TO MAKE SURE THEY'RE NOT BROKEN BY THIS WAR. WE HAVE TO TEACH THEM, HELP THEM. AND WE TRY OUR BEST TO RAISE OUR CHILDREN SO THEY WILL PAY LESS ATTENTION WHAT'S HAPPENING. BUT IT'S VERY HARD WHEN YOU LIV UNRESS EVERY DAY, ALL THE TIME, IT MAKES YOU CRAZY. WE ARE JUST TRYING TO PROTECT OUR CHILDREN.HE

>> Schifrin: CONFLICT HAS SPLIT MANY FAMILIES. BUT FOR OLEG AND ALEXSANDRA, IT HAS HELPED PROVIDE MUTUAL PROTECTION.

>> IT'S NOT ONLY THE BAD. THERE'S ALSO THE GOOD E BEAUTIFUL IN THE FILM, AND THAT ISEGHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AND ALEXSANDRA. THEY LEAN UPON EACH OTHER ANDTH THEY FEED EACH STRENGTH, SO THEY CAN BOTH GET BY. IT'S A MUTUAL DEPENDENCY.

>> ( transled ): WE SUPPORT EACH OTHER. AND WHEN HE SEES THAT I AMIC STRESSED AND PNG, HE ALWAYS FINDS THE WORDS THAT CALM ME AND THAT SUPPORT ME. WE SUPPORT EACH OTHER, AND THAT'S WHY IT'S EASIER FOR US TO SURVIVE.

>> Schifrin: AND SHE HELPS HIM MAINTAIN HIS HUMANITY. TOWARD THE END OF THE FILM, EGGED ON BY KOSTYA, OLEG SHOOT A FROG WITH A B.B. GUN, FOR NO REASON. ( GUNFIRE )

>> Schifrin: HIS GRANDMOTHER TRIES TO READJUST HIS MORAL COMPASS.

>> ( translated ): ONE SHOULDN'T TAKE WEAPONS INTO ONE'S HANDS. NEVER DO THAT AGAIN. TER ON YOU MAY BE TEMPTED TO TAKE A REAL GUN INTO YOUR HANDS. Y OLEG IS A UNIQUE KID, V LUCKY KID, NO MATTER WHAT, BECAUSE HE HAS ALEXSANDRA. AND ONE THE REASONS WHY HE'S NOT TRAUMATIZED TO A MORE SEVERE DEGREE IS THAT HE HAS ALEXANDRA, AND THAT HE DOES EVERYTHING RIGHT TO TAKE CARE OF HIM.

>>translated ): YOU SHOULDN'T LEAVE ME, EVER.

>> ( translated ): O OLEG. I WON'T EVEN THINK ABOUT IT.ri

>> Sch THE LAST SCENE SHOWS THE TWO OF THEM LOOKING OUT OVER THE VALLEY, AND SUGGESTS THERE IS HOPE FOR THE FUTURE. OLEGAYS HE WANTS TO BE A CHE BUT DURING THE CREDITS, ALEKSANDRA FILMS ON HER CELL PHONE AS THE BOMBS ERUPT IN THE DISTANCE.

>> THE REASON WHY I TOOK THE LAST CLIP IS TO SAY, "LIEN, PEOPLE, NO MATTER HOW STRONG THESE PEOPLE ARE, IT'S STILL A CONFLICT THAT'S RAGING. IT'S STILL CLAIMING CIVILIAN LIVES. WE NEED TO BE LOOKING AT THIS."

>> Schifrin: TO THIS DAY, OLEG, YARIK, AND ALEXSANDRA ARE STILLF LIVING ALONG TNT, STILL SUFFERING THE TRAUMA OF LIVING, IN THE MIDDLE OF WAR. FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, I'M NICK SCHIFRIN.

>> Nawaz: THE NARRATIVE OFLI NATIVE AMERICA HAS TAKEN MANY SHAPES, OFTEN WITH A FOCUS ON DEFEAT AND TRAGEDY. BUT AS JEFFREY BROWN TELLS US, A NEW WORK OF HISTORY AND REPORTAGE URGES US TO SEE A MORE COMPLEX AND LIVING CULTURE. PART OF OUR "CANVAS" SERIES ON ARTS AND CULTURE.

>> Brown: DECEER 29, 1890. U.S. ARMY SOLDIERS KILLED MORE50 THAN 1AKOTA INDIANS, PERHAPS EVEN TWICE THAT MANY, MORE THAN HALF OF THEM WOMEN AND CHILDREN. THE WOUNDED KNEE MASSACRE MARK THE END OF THE WAR AGAINST THE PLAINS INDIANS, AND MO BROADLY, BECAME A SYMBOL OF THE END AN ENTIRE CULTURE.

>> THE NUMBER ONE STORY, THE DOMINANT NARRATIVE ABOUT AMERICAN INDIAN PEOPLE IS THAT WE WERE ONCE GREAT, AND WE ARE GREAT NO MORE. AND IF THERE'S AISTORY WRITTEN ABOUT US, HISTORY IS ONLY THAT WE ENDURED, AND MAYBE MEHOW SURVIVED. AND NOWHERE IN THOSE ACCOUNTS DOES IT SUGGEST THAT WE AREN ACTORS IN OUR VES.

>> Brown: DAVID TREUER, AN OJIBWE, GREW UP ON THE LEECH LAKE RESERVATION IN NORTHERN MINNESOTA. HIS MOTHER, A NATIVE, WHO BECAME A LAWYER AND TRIBAL COURT JUDGEH HIS FATHER, A IMMIGRANT WHO'D ESCAPE THE HOLOCAUST AND TAUGHT ON THE RESERVATION. IN COLLEGE IN THE 1980s, HE READ DEE BROWN'S "BURY MY HEART AT WOUNDED KNEE," FIRST PUBLISHED IN 1970, A BEST-SELLING AND HUGELY INFLUENTIAL BOOK ONHI AMERICAN INDIAORY.

>> ON ONE HAND, WHEN I READ IT IN COLLEGE, I WAS INCREDIBLY HAPPY TO BE NOTICED OOK. A BOOK WAS CONCERNED ABOUT ME, RIBE, MYIFE AND MY FAMILY, INDIRECTLY. AND SO FELT RESPECTED. AND I AND ON THE OTHER HAND, I FELT COMPLETELY

>> Brown: BECAUSE?.

>> BECAUSE ON THE VERY FIRST PAGE OF THAT BOOK, HE SAYSG SOMETH THE EFFECT OF, "I START IN 1860 AND I END IN 1890 AT THE MASSACRE AT WOUNDED KNEE," AND NOW I'M QUOTING, "WHERE THE CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN WAS DESTROYED," FULL STOP.

>> Brown: RIGHT. "THE END."

>> THE END.

>> Brown: NOW, TREUER,R OF FIVE PREVIOUS BOOKS, INCLUDING FO NOVELS, HAS WRITTEN "TH HEARTBEAT OF WOUNDED KNEE: NATIVE AMERICA FROM 1890 TO THE PRESENT," TELLING THE STORY OF A CHANGING AND LIVING INDIAN CULTURE.

>> I THINK WE OFTEN GET OURSELVES WRONG. GROWING UP, I KIND OBOUGHT THAT STORY ABOUT US, TOO. I SAW THE PLACE I WAS FROM AS A NO-PLACE, WHERE NOTHING HAPPENED-- NOTHING GOOD, ANYWAY, AND I COULDN'T WAIT TO GET TO GET OUT. I BOUGHT THAT STORY, TOO, FOR A PERIOD OF MY LIFE. THIS BOOK IS ABOUT MY ATTEMPT TO TRY AND SEE MY OWN LIFEO DIFFERENTLY,E THE LIFE OF PEOPLE I LOVE DIFFERENTLY, AND TO PROVIDE AN ALRNATIVE FOR US, AS WELL. SO IT'S NOT JUST FOR NON-NATIVE PEOPLE. IT'S

>> Brown: DID YOU KNOW THE HISTORY YOURSELF? WAS IT SOMETHING YOU HAD TO DISCOVER?

>> SOME. I DON'T START ANY PROJECT KNOWING EVERYTHING. I START EVERY PROJECT BECAUSE I KNOW NEXT TO NOTHING. BUT I KNEWHERE TO LOOK, AND I KNEW WHO TO TALK TO. AND I GET ASKED OFTEN, SURPRISINGLY, QUESTIONS LIKE, "WELL, WHAT'S NATIVE AMERICAN LI AND MY RESPONSE IS, "WELL, WHAT'S WHITE LIFE LIKE?" YOU CAN'T ANSWER IT, IT'S AN LE QUESTION TO ANSWER. AND MY POINT IS, ALWAYS, THERE'S NO SUCH THING AS "NATIVE AMERICAN LIFE," THERE'S ONIV "NAMERICAN LIVES." AND THAT'S ONE THING, AT LEAST, THAT I HOPE ATE BOOK COMMUN, IS THE RADICAL DIVERSITY-- WE HAD DIVERSITY BEFORE EUROPEANS CAME HERE. WE KEPT IT.

>> Brown: ASTOUNDING DIVERSITY, RIGHT?

>> RIGHT. AND WE KEPT IT DURING THE PROCESS OF COLONIZATION, AND WE HAVE IT TODAY.

>> Brown: TREUER TELLS OF RESERVATION LI AND URBAN MIGRATION, ECONOMIC CHANGE AND POLITICAL MOVEMENTS, AIMING FOR A MORE NUANCED APPROACH. ONE EXAMPLE: THE FORCED REMOVAL OF YOUNG NATIVES FROM THEIR HOMES TO ATTEND BOARDING SCHOOLS.

>> KIDS WERE PREVENTED FROM SPEAKING THEIR LANGUAGES. THEY WERE PUNISHED FOR PRACTICING THEIR RELIGIONS, THEY WERE FORCIBLY CHRISTIANIZED. THOSE THINGS WERE ON THE OTHER HAND, YOU TOOK ALL THOSE NATIVE KIDS FROM ALL THESE DIFFERENT TRIBES SPREAD ACROSSUN THE Y, YOU SHOVED THEM IN SCHOOL TOGETHER, AND THESE KIDS FORMED RELATIONSHIPS AND FRIENDSHIPS, ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS, NETWORKS, AND THEN THEY CARRIED THOSE OUT INTO THE WORLD WHEN THEY LEFT SCHOOLT SO IF YOU TO STORY OF BOARDING SCHOOLS AS ONLY A TRAGEDY, WELL, YOU WOULD MISS QUITE A BIT. ERU'D MISS A LOT. SO YEAH, I'M NOT ITED IN THE TRAGIC NARRATIVE. I'M NOT INTERESTED IN THE STORY OF HOPE. I'M INTERESTED IN THE STORY OF COMPLEXITY AND DEPTH.Y

>> Brown: THAT THE NARRATIVE? WHY DOES THAT CONTINUE?

>> I THINK IT'S A WAY OF DEALING WITHATIONAL GUILT. THINK, YOU KNOW, AMERICA ALWAYS TAKES HER OWN TEMPERATURY OOKING AT WHAT IT THINKS OF AS THE NATIVE AMERICAN CORPSE. BUT THE FACT IS, WE'RE STILLE' ALIVE, AND DOING MUCH MORE THAN SUFFERING. IN MANY WAYS, NATIVE LIVES ARE HARD. WE SUFFER FROM AESS TO HEALTH, TODUCATION, TO CAPITAL, TO CREDIT, TO POWER. SO ALL THOSE THINGS ARE REAL PROBLEMS, FOR SURE. BUT, YOU KNOW, WE'RE MORE THAN JUST A SUM OF A NUMBER OFND IONS. WE'RE MORE THAN JUST A COLLECTION OF PROBLEMS. BUPEOPLE DON'T REALLY TUNE INTO THAT ALL THAT OFTEN.

>> Brown: THERE ARE NEW VOICES EMERGING TO TELL THEIR OWN NATIVE AMERICAN STORIES, INCLUDING WRITERS TOMMY ORANGE AND MARY KATHRYNAGLE, RECENTLY PROFILED ON THE NEWSHOUR. TREUR ENDS H BOOK WITH A CHAPTER TITLED "DIGITAL INDIANS," AND WITH US, RAISED RECENT POLITICAL PROGRESS, SUCH AS THE ELECTION OF THE FIRST TWO NATIVE AMERICAN WOMEN TO CONGRESS, INCLUDING SHARICE DAVIS OF KANSAS.

>> SOMEONE ASKED ME RECENTLY IF SHARICE DAVIS WAS PROOF THAT THERE WAS HOPE FOR NATIVE PEOPLE. AND I SAID, SU, IT'S GOOD FOR NATIVE PEOPLE, BUT I'M MORE EXCITED FOR ALL THE PEOPLE OF MENSAS. SHE, AS A NATIVECAN WOMAN, UNDERSTANDS WHAT IT MEANS TO BE UC THE POINTY END OF POLICY. SHE KNOWS WHAT SRAL INEQUALITY DOES TO A COMMUNITY, AND TO PEOPLE, AS A NATIVE AMERICAN WOMAN. LET'S FACE IT, MIDDLE AMERICAN, MANY MILLIONS OF AMERICA LIVING IN WHAT COASTAL PEOPLE THINK OF AS FLY-OVER STATES? INCREASINGLY SUFFER FROMS.HE SAME PROBL WHO BETTER TO LEAD MIDDLE AMERICA THAN A NATIVE AMERICAN WOMAN? I NOT JUST HAPPY FOR NATIVE PEOPLE, I'M HAPPY FOR KANSANS. I THINK THEY'RE LUCKY TO HAVE HER.:

>> BroAY, "THE HEARTBEAT OF WOUNDED KNEE." DAVID TREUER, THANK YOU VERY MUCH.ER

>> THANK YOUMUCH.

>> Nawaz: FRANK RICH IS A WRITER AND PRODUCER WHOSE CARKEN HIM FROM THE "NEW YORK TIMES," AS THEATER CRITIC, TO HBO, AS EXECUTIVE PRODUCER OF "VEEP," NOW ITS IN FINAL SEASON. IN TONIGHT'S "BRIEF T SPECTACULAR," RICH LOOKS BACK ON HIS LIFE IN THE ARTS.

>> I GREW UP IN WASHINGTON, D.C. THE THEATER BECAME A KIND OF OBSESSIVE PASSION FOR ME, AS AN ESCAPE, I THINK, FROM A CHILDHOOD I WANTED TO ESCAPE FROM. ( CLAPS )

>> WHEN I WAS GROWING UP, IT WAS THE TAIL END OF WHAT WE NOW THINK OF AS THE GOLDEN AGE OF NEW YORK THEATER, THE CAREERS OF TENNESSEE WILLIAMS AND ARTHUR MILLER, THE BURST OF EDWARD ALBEE.S THERE THEATER CALLED THE NATIONAL THEATER, WHICH WAS A TRYOUT HOUSE, AS THEY CALLED ITW THEN, FOR BR SHOWS. I WENT THERE SO OFTEN, USUALLY BUNG STANDING ROOM, THAT T MANAGER TOOK PITY ON ME AND HIRED ME AS A TICKET TAKER. AND FRANKLY, IT WAS MY ENTIRE EDUCATION IN THE THEATER, AND-- ALLY, IN RETROSPECT, IN TELEVISION PRODUCING THAT I DO NOW.BE USE YOU'D SEE A SHOW LIKE "HELLO DOLLY!" COME IN THAT T SEEMBE A HIT, BUT YOU WOULD WATCH DAVID MERRICK WORK ON IT AND MAKE IT BETTER. YOU'D SEE "THE ODD COUPLE," DIRECTED BY MIKE NICKELS, COME IN, AND YOU'D SEE NEIL SIMON, THE PLAYWRIGHT, KEEP TINKERING WITH IT. I STARTED WRITING THEATER REEWS WHEN I WAS IN COLLEG ON THE "HARVARD CRIMSON." I REVIEWED PLAYS THAT WERE TRYING OUT IN BOSTON. ONE OF THEM WAS A NEW MUSICAL BY STEPHEN SONDHEIM. YEARS LATER, I'D FIND OUT THAT THE PRODUCER OF THE SHOW HAD RECOMMENDED ME TO THE "TIMES" AS A POTENTIAL DRAMA CRITIC. I AM REALLY AGAINST JOURNALISTS BECOMING FRIENDLY OR CHUMMY WITH THEIR SUBJECTS. WAI NEVER WENT TO THE TONYS. INDEED, TO THIS DAY, I'VE NEVER BEEN TO THE TONY AWARDS. I FEEL THE LESSON ISPPLICABLE TO WASHINGTON. IT DOESN'T HELP TO BE CHUMMY WITH THE PEOPLE YOU'RE COVERING. I'M VERY MUCH AGAINST THE WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENTS' DINNER, FOR THAT REASON. BUT EVEN AT A MORE PROFOUND LEVEL, IF YOU LOOK BACK, LIKE, AT A STORY LIKE WATERGAT WOODWARD AND BERNSTEIN GOT THAT STORY BECAUSE THEY WERE NOT GOING TO GEORGETOWN DINNER PARTIES AND BEING TOLD BY JOHNEN MITCHEL OR KISSINGER THAT THIS IS A NON-STORY, AND FORGET ABOUT IT. IN 2008-ISH, I HAD STARTED WORKING AS A CONSULTANT FOR HBO, AND E OF THE THINGS THEY WER ACTIVELY LOOKING FOR WAS A WASHINGTON SHOW. I SAW "IN E LOOP," ARMANDO IANNUCCI'S FILM ABOUT ESSENTIALLY THE RUN UP TO THE IRAQ WAR, AND I IMMEDIATELY, FEHIS IS THE GUY." VERY EARLY ON, BEFORE WE SHOT ANYTHING, HE SENT A MEMO ABOUT PRODUCTION DESIGN FOR "VEEP. "HERE'S THE THING," HE SAID, "GOING TO THESE OFFICES IN THE-- THE E.O.B. OR THE WHITE HOUSE, THEY-- THEY LOOK TERRIBLE. THERE'S THE DETRITUS EVERYWHERE. THE CHAIRS DON'T FIT WITH THE DESK; THEY'RE GOVERNMENT ISSUE. EVERYTHING IS A MESS. THE PEOPLE DSS TEN YEARS BEHIND NEW YORK. "VEEP" CAPTURES D.C. IN A WAY THAT I'VE BE WAITING FOR MY WHOLE LIFE. IT REMINDS ME OF WHAT FANTASIZED ABOUT THE THEATER GROWING UP: BEING WITH A SHOW OUT OF TOWN, REWRITING IT, FIXING IT, MAKING IT BETTER. IT'S GREAT TO SORT OF MIX IT UP, AND COME UP WITH THESE CRAZY STORIES ABOUT THESE HORRIBLE CHARACTERS WHOM WE LOVE. MY NAME IS FRANK RICH, AND THIS IS MY "BRIEF TAKE ON ALL THE THEATER IN MY LIFE.

>> Nawaz: AND THAT'S THE NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT. I'M ANMA NAWAZ. FOR ALL OF US AT THE, PBS NEWSHOANK YOU, AND WE'LL SEE YOU SOON. P

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>> I'M NOT ASKING YOU TARO TERIZE IT. IT'S IN HIS REPORT.

>> ATTORNEY GENERAL BILL BARR FA S CAPITOL HILL AMID REVELATIONS THAT SPECIAL COUNSEL ROBERT MUELLER DIRECTLY CRITICIZED HIM. THE CHAIR OF THE HOUSE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE NOW SAYS BARRUL SRESIGN. I'LL SPEAK TO HIM, ADAM SOMIFF WASHINGTON.

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