The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer : WETA : September 11, 2009 7:00pm-8:00pm EDT; The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer

Captioning sponred by MacNEIL/LRER PRODUCTIONS

>> Lehrer: GOOEVENING, I'M JIM HRER. ON THE NEWSHOUR THIS FRIY, THE LEAD STO: NEW DOUBTS ABOUT A TROOP BUILDUP AFGHANISTAN WITH THE VIEWS OF EDITORIAL GE EDITORS FROM AUND THE COUNTRY. THEN, COME T OTHER NEWS OF THE DAY: THE LATEST ON THE IDEA NEING ONLY A ONE SHOT VACCINE FOR THE H1N1 VIRUS; A REPORT FROM CHINABOUT PROTESTERS BEING DETAINED IN NTAL HOSPALS; AND THE ANALYSIS OF MARK SHIELDS AND DAVIDROOKS. MAJOFUNDING FOR THE NEWSHOUR WITH JIM LEHRER IS PROVIDED :

>> WT THE WORLD NEEDS NOW IS ENERGY. THE ENERGY TO GET THECONOMY HUMMING AIN. E ENERGY TO TACKLE CHALLENGE LIKE CLIMATE CHAE. WHAT IS THAT ERGY CAME FROM AN ERGY COMPANY? EVERYDAY, CHEVRON INVES $62 MILLION IN PEOE, IN IDEAS-- SEEKING, TEACHING, BUILDING. FUELING GROW AROUND THE WORLD TO MOVE US ALL AHEAD. THIS IS THE POWER OF HAN ENERGY. CHEVRON. INTEL. SUPPORTING MATH AND SCIENC EDUCATION FOR TORROW'S INNOVATORS AND BY BNSF RAILWAY. AND BY THELFRED P. SLOAN FODATION. SUPPORTI SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND IMPROVED ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND FINAIAL LITERACY IN E 21ST CENTURY. ANWITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONSND FOUNDATIONS. AND... THIS PROGRAMAS MADE POSSIBLE THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING. D BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR P STATION FROM VIERS LIKE YOU. THANYOU.

>> Lehre THE PROSPECT OF EXPAING THE AMERICAN PRESENCE IN AFGHANISTAN RAN IO NEW OPPOSITIONODAY. IT CAME AS THEATION MARKED THE ANNIVERSARY OF 9/11, THE EVE THAT TRIGGERED THE WAR IN AFGHANISTAN. RAY AREZ HAS OUR LEAD STORY REPORT.

>> Suarez:HE WAR IN AFGHISTAN LOOMED OVER CERENIES AT THE PENTAGON, MARKING E ATTACKS OF EIGHT YEARS AGO TODAY. PRESIDENT OBAMPAID TRIBUTE TO ALL THOSE WHO DIED ON 9/ AND TO ME THAN 800 AMERICANS KILLED TO DATE IN AFGHANISN. AND HE SAID AMERICA'COMMITMENT TO THEIGHT HAD NOT WAVERED.

>> L US RENEW OUR RESOLVE AGAINST THOSE WHO RPETRATED IS BARBARIC ACT AND WHO PLOT AGAINST US STILL. DEFENSE OF OUR NATION WE WI NEVER WAVER; IN PUUIT OF AL QAEDA ANITS EXTREMIST ALLIES, WE WILL NEVER FALTER. LET US RENEW OUR COMTMENT TO ALL THOSWHO SERVE IN OUR DENSE OUR COURAGEOUS MEN AND WOMEN IN UNIRM AND THEIR FAMILIES AND ALL THOSE WHO PROTECT US HERE AT HE. MINDFUL THAT THE WORK OF OTECTING AMERICA IS NEVER FINISHED, WEILL DO EVERYTHING IN OUR POWER TO KEEP ARICA SAFE.

>> Suarez: BUT NOT LONAFTER MR. OBA SPOKE, THE SENATE'S LEADING DEMOCRAT OMILITARY ISSUES FORLLY CAME OUT AGAINST INCREASING AMERICAN TROO NUMBERS IN AFGHASTAN. SETOR CARL LEVIN OF MICHIGAN SAID THE U.S. HAS "LT THE INITIATIVE

>> WE SHOULD INCREASE AND ACCELERATE OUR EFFORTS TO SUPPT THE AFGHAN SECURITY RCES IN THEIR EFFORTS TO BECOME SELF-SUICIENT IN LIVERING SECURITY TO THEIR NATION, BEFORE WE CONSIDER ETHER TO INCREASE U.S. COMBAT FCES ABOVE THE LEVELS ALREADY PLANNED FOR THE NEXTEW MONTHS. WE NEED A SURGOF AFGHAN SECURI FORCES. OUR SUPPORT OF THE SURGE WILL SHOW O COMMITMENT TO THE SUCCESS OF A MISSION THAT IS CLEARLY IN OUR NATIOL SECURITY TEREST, WITHOUT CREATING A BIGGER U.S. MILIRY FOOTPRINT THAT PROVIDES PROPANDA FODDER FOR E TALIBAN.

>> Suarez: A DAYARLIER, HOUSE SPEAKER NANCY LOSI WARNED ANY CALL FOR MORE TROO COULD GET A TOUGH RECEPTION IN THE HOU AS WELL.

>> I DON'THINK THERE'S A GREAT DEAL OF SUPPORT, F SENDING MORE TROOPS TO AFGHANIAN, IN THE COUNTROR IN THE CONGRESS.

>> Suarez:URRENTLY, THE U.S. HAS 62,000 TROOPS IN AFGHANISTAN. BY THE END OTHIS YEAR, THAT FORCE WILL NUMBER R ,000, AS RT OF A SURGE THE PRESIDENT ORDERED EARLIER TH YEAR. BUT THE AMERICAN CMANDER, GENERASTANLEY McCHRYSTAL, AND OTHER MITARY LEADERS HAVE WARN THE WAR IS NOT GOING WELL. AND McCHRYSTAL IS EXPECTEDO RECOMMEND ADNG THOUSANDS MOR SOLDIERS AND MARES. PRESIDENT OBAMA'S ELTION OPPONENT LASYEAR, REPUBLICAN SENATOR HN MCCAIN, LENT HIS SUPPORT TODATO ANOTHER TROOP RGE. HE SAID THE U.S. CNOT WAIT.

>> I BELIEVE IT'A FALSE CHOICE TO TRY TO GROW THE AFGHA NATIONALRMY WHILE HOLDING BACK ON ANY ADDITIONAL US COMT TROOPS. THERE ARE VITAL ARS THAT ARE CONTROLLEDY THE TALIBAN AND THEIR LIES TODAY IT'LL REQUIRE U.S. MILITARY FORCE SHAPE HOLD CLEARND BUILD IN THOSE AREAS AND IF WE AWAIT THE DA WH THE A.N.A. HAS INCREASED IN SIZE AND CAPABLE OCARRYING OUT ALL THESE OPERATIONS FULLY ON ITS OWN, IT MAY WELLE TOO LATE.

>> Suarez: AS THURSDAY, WHITE USE PRESS SECRETARY ROBERT GIBBS WOULD NOT BE PNED DOWN ON WHAT E PRESIDENT WILL CIDE, OR WHEN. >>HE ASSESSMENT THAT HAS BEEN DELIVERED TO CENTR COMMAND, TO THE PENTAGON AND TO THE ITE USE FROM GENERAL McCHRYSTAL PART OF A RIGORO ASSESSMENT PROCS. REPORTS WILL BE COMI IN THE NEXT FEWEEKS, BUT HAVE NOT BEEN RECEIVED AS OF YET. THE PRESIDENT WILL MAKA DECISION BASEDN WHAT HE THINKS IN THE BEST NATIONAL SECURI INTERESTS OF THICOUNTRY.

>> Suarez: THERESIDENT MUST KE HIS DECISION AT A TIME TH AFGHAN WAR HAS BECOME INCREASINGLY UOPULAR AND CASUALES ARE RISING. SOAR THIS YEAR, 194 AMERICANS HAVE BN KILLED, INCLUDING 51 IN AUGUST, THE DEADLST MONTH YET. THTOLL KEPT RISING TODAY, AS NATO ANNOUNCED THAANOTHER U.S. SERVE MEMBER WAS KILLED THURSDAY IN EASTERN AFGHANTAN. THE COTRY'S VOLATILE POLITICAL SITUION HAS FURTHER MPLICATED THE TASK AHEAD. LAST MONTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION WAS FRAHT WITH ALLEGATIS OF FRAUD. NEVERTHELESS, AT 9/11 OBSERVANCES TODAY, SOME LDIERS AND COMMANDERS ON THE GROUND SA TODAY THEY STILL DRAW SPIRATION FROM WHAT HAPPENED EIGHT YEARS AGO.

>> TODAY'S CEREMY IS VERY SPECIAL AND MEANINGFUL F MOST OF US, CERTAINLY FOR AMECANS WHO FELT THE IMMEDIA IMPACT OF THAT ATTACK THAT D, WE ALL SHARE SORROW AND MOURNINFOR THOSE WHO LO.

>> Suarez: AFGHAN PRESIDT HAMID KARZAI AO EXPRESSED CONDENCES TODAY TO THE 9/11 VICTIMS. ANHE SAID HE HOPES THE WORLD WILL CONTINUE THE STGGLE AGAINST TERR.

>> Lehrer: AND TO JEREY BROWN. Reporter: AND WE TAKE A LOO AT THE DEBATE OVER AHANISTAN NOW AS IS PLAYING OUT OUIDE WASHINGTON, TH THEIR EDITORIAL PAGE WRITERS WHO FOCUS ON INTERNATIONAL AFFAIR MAORIE MILLER, FOREIGN POLICY EDITORIAL WRITER FOR THE "S ANGELES TIMES. RICARDO PINTEL, EDITORIAL PAGE EDITOR OF THE "MILWAUKEE JRNAL SENTINEL." D JONATHAN GURWITZ, COLUMNIS AND EDITORL BOARD MEMBER AT THE "SAN ANTONIO EXPRESS NEW" RIRDOEMENTAL, YOURAPER PUBLISHED A PAPER --UOTE THE MOMENT, ANY STRATEGY THAT REQUIRES ADDITIONAL U.S. TROOPS HAS THE TOO FAMILIAR WHIFF OF QUAGMIRE, SO WHAT ARE YOU SEEI?

>> WELL, WEE SEEI GRING DISENCHANTNT WITH U.S. INVOLVEMENTIN AFGHANISTAN. NOJUST OWING TO THE CASUALTIES BUT TO THEACK OF PROGRESS. ANPEOPLE WONDERINGF THERE IS A BETTER WAY. AND WEHINK THERE IS. Reporter: AND THAT WAY MAY LEAD Y -- DISH MEAN RIGHT W THE QUESTION IS WHETR IT MIGHT BE TO INCREASE, YOU ARE SUGGTING MAYBE THE OPPOTE DICTION? WE'RE SUGGESTING THAT YOU SHOU BE VERY SKEPTIC OF TRP INCREASES. THAT THEOAL SHOULD BE NEITHER TO DEFEA THE TALIBAN MILITARILY NOR TO ILD A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT. THATHE BETTER ROUTE MIGHT BE BUILDGETTEROCAL GOVERNAN AND CREATING SAFE HAVENS WHERE LOCAL GOVEMENTS WORKND WHERE ONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CAN BLM.

>> Reporte JONATHAN GURWZ IN SAN ANTONIO, ON THE OR HAND YOUR PER HAS AN EDITORIAL TAY THAT REMINDED READERS OF THE REASON WE'RE IN AFGHANISTAN AND SA, QUOTE, TT'S A MISSION THATAN'T BE ACCOMPLISHED WITH CUISE MISSILES A SPECIAL FORCES TEAMS ALONE. WHAT ARE YOU SENG? WELL, THAT'S A DEBATE THAT WE HAD EIGHT YEARS AGO. AND PRESIDT BUSH DECIDED AND THE AMERICAN PEOPLE AGREED THAT IT WAS NOT ENOUGH JUST TO FIRE CRUISE MISSILES THAT IN ORDER TO NY A SANCTUARTO THE TALIBANAND AL QAEDA, THAT HE WITH HAD TO PUT BOO ON THE GROUND. AND SO WE'RE REHASHING THAT DEBATE TOD. D I THINK THAT PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS GOT IT RIG AGAIN. THATOT ONLY ISTHE SECURITY OF AFGHASTAN AT STAKE BU THE SECUTY OF PAKISTAN IS ALSO AT STAKE. AND WE NNOT SECURE THAT RDER REGION. ANWE CAN'T HAVE THE KIND OF ECOMIC DELOPMENT THAT WAS JUST TALKED ABOUT UNLESS THERE IS SECURITY ON THE GROUND.

>> AND MARJORIE LLER IN LOSNGELES, IT SOUNDSIKE YOUR PAPER'SAITING TOE CONVINCED. YOUR EDITORIAL TODAY SA THPRESIDENT DERVES AN OPPORTUNITY TO PRESENTIS CASE TO THE AMERAN PUBLIC, A BURDENF PROOF IS ON M TO EXPLAIN W THE UNITED STES STILL NEEDS TO BE IN AFGHANISTAN. SO WHAT ARE YOU LOOKING AT? WHATRE YOU LOOKING FOR DECIDE?

>> WELL, WE WANT TO HEAR WH IT WILL COST. HOW LONG IT WILL TAKE. WE WANT HIM TO AICULATE CLEARLY HIS GOALS IN AFGHANISTAN. AND WHETHER THERE ACHIEVABLE. WHETHER THE MSURES OF SUESS FOR GETTING THERE. HOW WILL WE KN ALONG THE WAY THATWE'RE HEADED IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION. IS IT THE MEASURE OF TERRITY THAT WE CAN RECAPTURE FROM THE TALIBAN? IS IT THE HOPEFULL DECLINING NUMBER OF CIVILI CASUALTYS? IS IT E NUMBER OF AFGHAN TROO AND SECURITY FORCES THAT CAN BE TRAINED TO EVENTUALLY TAKE OV SO THAT WE CAN GET OUT? WE'RE IN THE SKEPTICAL CAMP. WE'RE NOT READ TO EORSE BY ANY MNS ANNCREASE IN THE NUMBER OFROOPS. BUT WE'R NOT REA TO CALL FOR A PULLOUT UNTIL WE LET HIM MAKE HIS SE. Reporter: MARJORIE, LET ME STAY WITH YOU ON THIS NEXT ROUND LOOKING AT OPINIOPOLLS WHICH AS RA SUAREZ TOLD NEWS THAT PIECE, OR SHOWING LESSENING SUPPORT, DOES THATURPRISE YOU? WHAT DO YOU SEE HAPPENING? CAN YOU TELL WHAT IS GNG WHERE YOU ARE?

>> YEA IT DUCT SURPRISEME AT ALL. I THINK THERE ARE A MBER OF FACTORS IN PLAY, INTERNAL AND EXTERN. FIRST OF ALL, WRE COUNTRY THAT HAS BEEN AT WAR ON TWO FRONTS AT LEAST F GHT YEARS IN IAQ AND AFGHANISTAN. AND PEOPLE ARE TIRED. THERE'S A WAR FAT AGENCY IN AFGHANISTA IN PARTULAR EV THOUGH YOU COULD ARGUE IT WAS UNDERFUNDE OR UNDERSTAFFED, THERE AREN'T REALLY MEASURES OF SUCCSS YET. WE CAN'T CLAIM ANY SUCCESSES ORIG SUCCEES FOR THOSE EIGHT YEARS ONTHE MILITAR FRONT RIGHT NOW. WE COULD IITIALLY WHEN IN 2001 WHEN W WENT IN AND T TALIBAN WASRETTY QUICKLY DEFEATED AND AL QEDA WAS PUT ON THE RUN D PUSHED INTO AFANISTAN. BUT SINCE THEN, T TALIBAN HASECOVERED QUITE A BIT OF TERRITORY. SO, AND ON TOPF IT, YOU HAVE AN ELECTION IN GHANISTAN LAST MONTH THAT ISONTESTED. THE RESULTS AR NOT CLEAR. THERE ARE ACCUSATIONS THAT PRESIDENT KARZAI IS STEALING THE ELTION. AND SO I THINKMERICANS ARE WAITING TO SEE HOW TH PLAYS OUT. BECAUSE THERE IS NO CASE FOR RISKG AMERICAN LIVES ON BEHALF OF A PRESIDENT WHOSE LETIMACY IS QUESTIONED IN S OWN COUNTRY.

>> RICARDO PIMENTEL IN MILWKEE, WHAT DO YOU SEE WITHUBLIC OPINION. WH IS DRIVING THE ATHIS POINT?

>> ALL OF THE REASONS THAT MARJORIE JUST STATED. LACK OF SUESS. RISING BODYOUNT. AND AN UNWILLINGSS TO PARTNER WITH A VERNMENT THAT IS SO INEPT AND SO CORRUPT. IT MAKES LTTLE SENSE TO AMERICANS TO PROPUP A GOVERNMENT THAT IS ACTING THIS WAY.

>> RICARDO, DO YOU NSE A LOT OF INTEREST IN THIS? I MEAN EVEN ON THIS PROGRAM WE TALK SO MUCH ABOU HEALTH CARE THE ECONOMY. IT'S IN THELAST FEW WEEKS AND MONTHS, WHERE WE TALK I JUST WONR IF YOU HAVE A SENSE OF THE LEVEL OF INTEREST AND, I DON'T KNOW, ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF ALL THIS WHERE YOU ARE.

>> I WOULD SAY HETH CARE IS PROBABLY NUMBER ONE ON FOLKS' AGENDA RIGHT NOW. ITS WHAT IS HITTING TM MOST AT HOME. BUTHAT IS NOT TO SAY THAT EY DON'T CARE ABOUT AFGHISTAN. THEY DO CARE ABOUT THE LOSS OF BLOOD AND TREASURE. T HEALTH CARE AT THE MOMENT IS AT IS HITTG THEIR POCKETBOS MOST DICTLY.

>> Reporter: AND JONATHAN RWITZ IN SAN ANTONIO, YOU HAVE A MAJOR MILITARY PRESEN THERE. SO HOW MH DO YOU SEEHIS, THAT CLARE MUST EFCT HOW OPLE LOOK AT ALL THIS.

>> I THINK IT'S PRETTY SIGNICANT HERE. LAST MONTHWEAD TWO SAN ANTONIANS WHO WEREMONG T FATALITIES IN AFGHANISTAN, A SOLDIER AND AARINE. AND JUST ABOUT EVERYE KNOWS SOMEONE WHIS DEPLOYED OR WHAT HA BEEN DLOYED. AND SO I THINK IT IS PERSONAL FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE. D IT IS VERY HH ON THE RARCREEN HERE

>> Rorter: DO YOU, JONATHANI MEAN AGN GOING BACK T YOUR EDITORIAL TODAY, WHERE YOU REALLY TRIED TO MAKE THEIE TO 9/11, MARJORIE WAS TALKING EARLIER ABOUT PUBLIC OPINION KIND O WEARINESS OF THE WAR. DO YOU HAV ANY SENSE OF WEARINESTHERE OR IS IT A LACK OF UNDETANDING OR MAYBE EVEN FORGETTING THE TIE 9/11. ISHAT WHAT YOU WERE YING TO DO?

>> WL, I THINK THERE IS BECAUSE OF THE PASSAGE OF TIMETHERE IS ANOTHER ISSUE THAT WE SEE HERE IN SAN ANTONIO. AND THAT IS THAT THE BURDEN THAT'S BEING CARRIED BY A VE SMALLUMBER OF PEOPLE IN THE MILITARY AN THEIR FAMILIES WHO IT IS COMMON TO MEET SOLDIERS ANDMARINES WHO HAVE HAD THREE AND FOUR DEPLOYMENTS, EITHER TO IRAQ OR AGHANISTAN. AND IT'S N UNCOMMON TO FIND MEN A WOMEN WHO HAVE BEEN OVER FIVE OR SIX MES. AND THAT TAKES A TOLL O THOSE INDIVIALS. IT TAKES A TOLL ON THE FAMILIES. AND THAT'S SOMETHING TH WE'RE VERY COGNIZA OF HERE AND YOU KNOW, THERE IS ANOTHEPROBLEM IN THE ARMY THAT THEY ARE YING TO GRAPE WITH WHICH IAN INEASE INUICIDES. AND OFFICIALLY, THERE IS NO EXPLANATIONOR NO STU TO CONFIRM WHY TH NUMBER OF SUICIDES IN THE ARMY HAS NE UP SO DRAMATICALLY IN E LAST FEW YEARS. BUT I TNK PLENTY OF OBSERVERS WILL SAY THIT'S BECAE OF THE REPEATED DEPLOYMENTS AND THE RESS THIS THING PLACED ON OUR SOLDIERS AND MARINES AND PELE IN THE MILITAR

>> Rorter: WELL, SO MARJOR MILLER, AS WE' SAID, GENERAL McCHRYSTAL IS GOIN THROUGH H REVIEW OF ALL THIS NOW. THE PRESIDT HAS TO MAKE A DECION AT SOME POINT FAIRLY SOON. WHAT DO YOU WANT TO HAPPEN IN THIS INTERIMERIOD? WHAT DCUSSION OR WHAT ND THINGS SHOULD HAPPEN?

>> WELL, CLE ARTILATION OF THEGOALS. A CLEAR ARTICULATION O THE STRATE. AND HOW WE CA-- ACTUALLY WHICH WOULD LIKE TO HE AN ARTICULATION AIN OF WHY PRESIDENT OBAMA THINKS THIS IS A WAR OF NECESSI, WHICH CLAIMS IT IS. BECAUSE ALAEDA IS LARGELY IN PAKISTAN RIGHT NOW. AND 'RE GHTING IN AFGHANISTAN TO MAKE RE THAT THEY DON'T GO BACK. SO I WOULD LIKE A VERY CLEAR EXPLANATN FOR WHY WE NED TO COMMIT SOANY RESOURCES TO AFGHANISTAN. THERE AR PLENTY OF OTR PLACESHERE AL QAEDA MIGHT SEEK REFUGE WHERE WE ARE NOT AT WAR, SOMALIA, YEN, OTR PLACES. WHY DO WE, AT THIS POINT, NEED TO BE IN AFGHANISTAN AT THIS LEV.

>> Rorter: AND RICARDO PIMENTEL, SAME QUEION, IS THERE SOMETHING YOU'RE WAITING TO HEAR ATAY CHANGE YOU MIND OR SWAY YOU ON THIS?

>> NOT JUST WHY BUT HOW. WHY THEY THINK PERHAPS THAT MILITA SOLUTIONS CAN WORK WHERIT HASN'T WORKED ELSEWHERE. AND HOW AFGHISTAN IS DISSILAR TO AQ. COUNTERINSURGENCY IN AFGHANISTAN I THINK WOU REQUIRE R MORE COMMMENT IN TROOPS THAN WEE EVER SEENN IRAQ. AND I WOULLIKE TO SEE AN EXPLATION OF HOW HE WOUL COMPLISH THAT AND WHETH HE WOULD ACCPLISH THAT OVER THE OBJECTION OF THE AMICAN PEOPLE.

>> ALL RIGHT, WE WILLEAVE IT TRE. RICARDO PIMENT IN MILWAUKE JONATHAN GURWI SAN ANTONIO, MARJORIE MILLER IN LOS AELES, THANK YOU ALL VERY MUCH.

>> THANKOU. Lehrer: WE HAVE MORE ABOUT BOTH AFGHANISTAN A THE ANNIVERSARY THE 9-11 ATTACKS ON OUR WEB SITE NEWSHOUR.PBS.ORG YOU CAN LISTEN TO A REPOER'S PODCAST ABOUTHE WAR AND PRESIDENT OBA'S POPULARITY IN EUROPE AND WATCH SLIDE SHOW OF AGES OF THE SEPTEMBER 11TH MORIAL SITES IN NEW YORK, WASHINGTON AND PENNSVANIA.

>> Lehr: IN OTHER NEWS TODAY, A COAST ARD TRAINING EXERCISE IN WASNGTON TOUCHED OFF A FLURRY OF CONFUSION AS 9/1 ANNIVERSARY SERVICES WERE TAKING PLACE AT THE PENTAGON. NEWSHOUR CORRESPONNT KWAME HOLMAN H THIS REPORT.

>> Holman: FOUR COAST GUARD SECURITYOATS DARTED AND DASHED ACROSS THEOTOMAC RIVER THIS MORNING, IN A PLANNED, BUT UNANNOUNCED EXERCISE BOTH CNN AND FOX NS BROADCAST LIVEERIAL PICTURES OF THE BOATS ON THE RIVER, AND PORTED SHOTS HAD EN FIRED. CNN PORTED THE COAST GUARD HAD FIRED N ROUNDS AT A SUSPICIOUS BO NEAR THE BRIDGE PRESIDENT OBAMA'S MOTORCADE CRSED. THE REPOS DREW FBI AGENTS TO E SCENE AND PROMPTED THE DERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATIO TO ORDER A BRIEFALT TO FLIGHTS AT RALD REAGAN NATIONAL AIRPORT FARTHER DOWN THE RER. LATER, COAST GUARD CHIEF O STAFF VICE ADMIRAL JOHN RRIER EXPLAINED WAS ALL A ROUTINE EXERCISE, NO SHOTS WERE FIRE AND THE MEDIA RERTS WERE WRONG.

>> DURING THAT ERCISE THEY RE DISCUSSING TACTICS AND TRAINING AS THEY NMALLY DO ON CHANNEL 81 WHICH IS A MARINE FRUENCY, A DISCREET COAST GUARD ANNEL THAT APPARENTLY WAS INRCEPTED BY A MEMBER OF THE PUBLIC. EIR DISCUSSIONS WERE TAKEN O OF CONTEXT. WHAT WVE SEEN IS REACTION TO A TRNING EXERCISE THAT REALLY WAS JUST THAT. WHAT YOU SEE HERE IS A LOOP, BETWEEN WH ACTUALLY HAPPENED, PRESS PORTS AND THE UNCERTNTY THAT WAS GENERATED BY THAT BECAUSE OF HIGPROFILE THE PRESS REPORTS AND THE FACT THAT OTHER AGENES DUE TO THAT UERTAINTY REACTED TO THAT AS THEY NORMALLY WOULD

>> Holman: CURRIERAID THE PRESIDENT WAS T IN THE AREA AT E TIME. HE SAID A "TOP TO BOTTOM REVW" OF THE INCIDENWAS UNDERWAY. BOTH THE WHITE HOUSEND THE U.S.ARK POLICE SAID THEY HAD NOT KNOWN ABOUT THE EXCISE.

>> Lehrer: LATER, NN SAID IT WOULD HAVEEEN "IRRESPONSIBLE" NOT TO REPORT WHAT IT WAS HEARING AND SEEINGN COAST GUARD RAO TRANSMISSION. IT SAID IT UPDATED T STORY AFTER GETTG THE OFFICIAL EXANATION. ON WALL STREET TOD STOCKS SLIPPED TER A 5-DAY ADVANCE. THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL ARAGE LOST 22 POIN TO CLOSE ABOVE 05. THE NASDAQ FELL 3 POINTS T CLOSE JUST BELOW081. FOR E WEEK THE DOW GAINED MORE THAN 1.5%. THE NASDAQ ROSE . THE WOD'S OLDEST PERSON HAS DIED AT A HOSPITAL IN LO ANGELES. GERTRUDE BAINES S 115 YEARS OLD EN SHE PASSED AWAY TODAY. SHE WAS BORN IN SHELLMAN, GEORGIA IN 1894. AT THE TIME, GROVER CLEVELD WAS PRIDENT AND THE U.S. FLAG HAD ONLY 44 ARS. A WOMAN IN JAN NOW BECOMES THE WORLD'S OLDEST HUMAN. SHE IS 114 YEARS OLD

>> Lehrer: A STILL TO COME ON THE WSHOUR TONIGHT: DISSENT IN CHINA; AND SHIELDS A BROOKS. THAT FLOWS THE LATEST RESEARCH ON THE SWINE FLU VACCI. MARGARET WARNEHAS THE STORY.

>> Warne SINCE THE SWINE FLU OUTBAK BEGAN LAST SPRING AND SPREAD TMORE THAN 100 COUNTRIES, THERE HAS BE A RACE TO CREATEN EFFECTIVE VACCE. IN THE U.S., H1N1 AS IT'CALLED INFECTED MORE THAN A MLION PEOPLE, AND CAUSED AUT 600 DEATHS. E FLU THREAT DIMINISHED OVER THE SUMMER HERE. BUT IT NER WENT AWAY. ANNOW IT'S RETURNED FOR A NEW SEASON. ALREADY, IT'S BEEN DETECTEDN ALL 50 STATES, AND IS WIDEREAD IN THE SOUTHEAST, PLUS MARYLD, OKHOMA, ARIZONA AND ALASKA. EARLY ON, THE U.S. CTRACTED TO BUY 19MILLIODOSES. UNKNN AT THE TIME WAS: WOULD IT BE EFFECTIVE, WOULD IT BE READY IN TIME AND SUFFICIENT QUANTIES? TODAY, THERE WAS SOME OD NEWS ON THE VCINE FRONT. CLINICAL TRIALS SHOWHAT JUST ONE DOSE WILL BE EFFECTIVEOR MOST ADULTS WHNEED IT. DR. ANTHONFAUCI IS HEAD OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLEY AND INFECTUS DISEASES, WHICH HAS OVERSEEN THE GOVERNMENT TRIALS. HE JOINS US FROMHE NATIONAL INSTUTES OF HEALTH TONIGHT. Dr. FAUCI, WELME, THANKS FOR JOING US.

>> GD TO BE HERE.

>> Warner: SO HOW IMPORTT IS THINEWS TODAY INERMS OF HOW WEL PROTECTED AMERICANS WILL BE FR THE H1N1.

>> WEL IT REALLY IS VERY GOODEWS, MARGARET. BEUSE WHEN WE FIRST NOTICED THIS VACCINE IN APRIL OF THIS YEAR, AND DECIDED TO GO AHE AS YOU WOULD EXPECT TO TRY AND MAKE A CCINE, IT WAS UNCLEA WHETHER A CCINE WOULD EVEN INDUCE A RESPOE THAT WOULD BE PTECTIVE. AND WHETHER NOT IT WOULD TA MORE THAN ONE DOSE, TWO OR MORE DOSES OF A HIGHER DOSE BAUSE OUR PREOUS EXPERIENCE WITH THE H 5 FWLRX 1 BIRD FLUHAT WE HAVE BEENRACKING FOR YEARS WAS TH THE VACCINE THAT WE MA REQUIRED AN EXORBITANTLY HIGH DO. THE RESUS THAT WE ARE HEARING RE TODAY AND THAT WE PRESENTED TOD IN WASHINGT INDICATE THAT A SILE DOSE OF THE STANDARD DOSE OF WHATWE GIVE EVERY YEAR FOR SEEONAL FLU INDUD A VERYPOTENT RESPONSE IN A ST MAJORITY OF INDIVIDUALS. AND DID IT INABOUT 8 TO 10 DAYS WHI IS REALLY GOOD NEWS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF BOTH TE SUPPLY OF VACCINE AND THE FACT THAT WE HAVE VACCINE TH CAN INDUCE THAT RESPONSE.

>> Warr: SO DOES THIS MEAN THAT ME AMERICANS CAN BE PROTECTED ANDEARLIER? >>ELL, CERTAINLY MORE AMERICANS CAN BE PROTECTED IN NUMBERS. BUT THE FACT IS WH YOU SAY EARLIE NOT NECESSARILY GETTG THE VACCINE EARLIER BUWHEN YOU GET THE VACCINE, TO GET THAT PROTECTED RESPONSE, TO INDUCED EARLIER. UALLY IF IT WERE TWO DOSES WHICH IT N'T, IT'S ONE, YOU HAVE TO GIVE A DOSE, WAIT1 DAYS, GE ANOTHER DOSE ANDHEN TWO WEEKS LATER YOU EXCT A GOOD POTENT IMMUNE RESPON. WHAT WE HAVE HE IS ONE SE AND 8 TO 10 DAYS LAT, WE HAVE A VRY GOOD IMMUNE SPONSE SO THAT MEANS THAT THE TIME IT TAKES FROM YOUR VACCE TO POTECTION, IS VERY TRUNCATED. AT'S VERY GOOD NEWS.

>> Warne NOW FOR PARENTS OUT THE, IT'S WORTH NOTING THAT THE TRLS, YOU HAVEN'T YET COMPLETED THE TRIA ABOUT CHILDREN WHO E ONE OF THE MOST AT- CHDREN AND TEENAGS, MOST AT-RISK GRPS. IT POSSIBLE THAT WN YOU GET THOSE RESULTS IHINK IN COUPLE OF WEEKS THAT CHILDREN MAY STILL NEED TWO DOSES.

>> IT'POSSIBLE THAT SOME SUBSETS OF CHILDREN MIG NEED TWO DOS. THIS VACCINES ACTING VE MUCH LIKE THE SEASONAL FLU VACCINE. AND WITH THE SEASONAL FLU VACCINE, TRADITIALLY CHILDREN FROM 9 YEARS OF AGE AND ODER REALLY REQUIRE JUST O DOSE. LESS THAN 9 YEARS OL ARE CHILDREN IF THEY HAVE PRIOR EXPERIENCE WITH VACCINATION, TH MAY NOT NEED TWO DOSES BUT SOME OF TH CERTAINLY WILL. SO WRE GOING TO WA TO SEE WHAT THE RESULTSF THE TRIAARE. BUWE REALLY FEELATHER STRONGLY THA IT'S ACTING VERY MUCH LIKE SEASONAL FLU VACCINE WHICH IS GOOD THING BECAUSONLY A SUBSET OFHOSE CHILDREN WILL NEED TWO DOSES.

>> Warner: NOW A QSTION FOR PEOPLEVER 65. IF SOMEONE READS THE FI PRINT OF THIS UDY, IT DOES APAR THAT THERE IS QUITE A DIFFERENCEN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE PPLE 64 AND UNDER VERSUS THOSE OLDER. I INK ONE PRODUC IN REGUR ADULTSWHO H 97% IMMUNE RESPONSE BUT IN SENIOR OVER 65, ONLY WHAT, 55, 5%. SHOU OLDER AMERICANS BE RRIED?

>> WELL, CERTAINLY OLDER AMERICANS SHOULD PAY ATTENTION GETTING VACCINATED, PARTICULARLY WITH T ASONAL FLU.

>> THAT IS THE REGULAR F.

>> THE REGULAR FLU. T LET ME JUST ADDRESS YOUR QUESTION, MARGARET, BECAUSE IT'S IMPORTANT LOWERESPONSES TO VACCINES, INFLUENZA VCINES INHE ELDERLY IS SOMETHI THAT WE SEE ALL E TIME. WE WOULD LOVE IT TO GHER BUT IT JUST IS NO SO THIS IS VY MUCH WHAT WE SEE IN SEASONAL FLU VACCINE THIS I NOT ANYTHING PECULIAR ABO THE SWINE FLU VACCINE. 'S JUST DOING WHAT W GENERALLY SEE EVERYEAR. BUT WE SHOU MAKE SURE THAT SENIOR CITIZENREALIZE THAT THE THREAT TO THEM OF ANY FLU THERE. BUT PARTILARLY THE SEASONALLU THAT WE GET EVERY YEAR BECAUSE OF THE 36,000 DEATHS AT OCCUR EACH YEA WITH SEASONAL FLU REGULARLY, 92% OF THEM ARE IN INDIDUALS OLDER THAN YEARS OLD. SOE WANT TO TELL O SENIOR CIZENS TO PAY ATTENTION T ONLY TO THE SWINE FLU, BUT GETTING THEIR SEASONAL FLU VACCINES. >>arner: NOW YOU ALL HAVE ID THAT YOU EXPEC THE FIRST BIBATCH OF THIS VACCINE, LIK40 OR 50 MILLION DOSES TO ARRIVE IN MID-OCTOBER. WHO LL IT GO, -- WHOM WILL IT GTO FIRST.

>> WELL, WHAT HAPPEN IS THAT WHEN IT ARRIVES IT GETS DISTRIBUTED TO THE STES IN A PRORATEDAY. AND THERE E FIVE TARGET GROUPS THAHAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED BY THE CDC AND THEIR ADVISOR INDIVIDUALWHO WE WANT TO MAKE SURE GET THE VAINE. AND THAT STARTOFF WITH PREGNA WOMEN. ILDREN SIX MONTHS OF AGE TO 24. PEOPLE W ARE TAKI CARE OF CHILDREN LES TN SIX MONTHS OLD. HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND ADULTS WHO HAVE UNDERLYING CONTIONS THAT MIGHT MAKEHEM MORE PRONE TO THE COMPLICATIONS OF INFLUENZA. WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT THOSE PEOPLE GET VACCINATED. BUT EVERYONEEALLY SHOULD GET VACCINED. Warner: NOW THERE ARE MANY EXPERTS WHOAVE BEEN PREDICTING, D WHO KNOWS, BUT PREDICTI THAT THIS SWINE FLU WILL REAL PEA HERE IN MID-OCTER. IS IT POSSIBLE THAT IS VACCINE WILL ARRE TOO LA?

>> WELL, WHEN YOU SAY PEAK MARGARET, 'S IMPORTANT TO POINT OUT THAT IF YOLOOK AT THE MAP OTHE NATION AN THE ASONAL FLU OR EVEN WITH THIS PANDEMIC FLU,YOU DON'TAVE A HOME GENIUS PEAK. YOU MAY HAVE SOME AREAS THAT GET HIT HARD AND UNFORTUNATELY YOU MAY NO GET THE VACCINE TO THEM IN TIME. WE SEE THE EXPERIEE IN WASHINGTON STATE UVERSITY WHERE A COUPLE OF THOUSAND STUDENTS GOT INFECTED. THERE WAS NO VACCINEOR THEM. BUT THERE WILL BAREAS OF THE COUNTRYHAT WILL BENEFIT GREATLY OM THE TIMEHAT THE VACCINE ARRIVES. ALTHOUGH VACCI IS THE PRIMARY Y OF PREVEION, ERE ARE A NUMBER O OTHER THINGS THATYOU CAN DO TO PREVENT YOURSELF FROM GETTING INFECTIONED THAT WOULD COMPLEMENT THE VACCINE. SO ITHE VACCINE IN'T THERE, YOU P ATTENTION T THOSE THINGS THAT AR VERY CLEARLY ELLED OUON THE CDC'S WEB TE.

>> Warner: LET ME FINALL BRFLY ASK YOU, THERE IS A T OF CONCERN AMONG SOME AMERICANS ABOUT E SAFETY OF VCINES AND SIDEEFFECTS, MEDIUM OR LONG TERM. DO THE CLINICAL TRIALS TELL YOU ANYTHING ABOUTHAT OR WHAT ELSE ARE YOU ING TO DO TO MOTOR THAT.

>> THERERE TWO SLEWS. ONE, THE IMMEDIE SIDE EFFECTS, THERE A NO, WHAT WE CALL RED FLAGSIGNALS OF SAFETY PROBLEMS WITH ANY OF THE TRIS THAT EITHER WE DID OR THAT THE COMPANIES DID. THERE HAS BEEN SOME VERY MINORSSUES LIK PAIAT THSITE OF IECTION, A LITTLE SWELLING AN SOMETIMES REDNESS. WE SEE THAT WITH ANY TIME YOU HAVE A VAINE IN WICH U STICK A NELE IN SOMEONE. REGARDINVERY RARE ADVERSE EVENTS THEREEALLY ISN'T ANY CLINIC TRIAL THAT WOULD BE LARGE ENOUGH TO PICK THAT UP. SO WHAT YOU DO IS THAT YOU HOPE THEY DON'T OCCUR, THAT THE CDC AND THE FDA HAVE IN PLACE A VERY, VERY RIGID AND ROBUSTURVEILLANCE MECHANISM AFTER PEOPLE GET VAINATED TO MAKEURE YOU PICK UP THAT RARE EVENT. SO ALL OF THO THINGS ARE GOING TO BE APP RAB.

>> Warner: THANK YOU SMUCH FOR BEING WITH US.

>> GOOD TO BE HERE.

>> Lehrer: NOW A DIAGNOSIS O MENTAL ILLNE FOR POLITICAL DIIDENTS IN CHINA. SPECIAL CORRESNDENT SHANNON VAN SANT HAS THE GLOBAL HEALTH UNIT STORY. SHE S REPORTED FROM CHINA FOR OUR PBS COLLEAES AT THE "NIGHTLY BUSESS REPORT", AMONG OTHER PROGRAMS.

>> Reporter: QIN XAN IS A LONG WAY OM HOME. HE HAS TRAVELED FROM WUHAN700 MILES AWAY ICENTRAL CHINA, TO BEIJIN WHERE HE STAYS IN THIS ONE-OM SHACK. EVERY MORNING HE GOES TO GORNMENT OFFICES, PLEADING FOR HELP.

>> ( translated I STRONGLY ASK JINTAO AND THE CHINESE COMMUNT PARTY CENTRAL MMITTEE TO PUNISCORRUPTION. SAVE CNESE PEOPLE, ORDINARY PEOPLE, THE WEAK IN SOETY. SAVE CNA. I'M NOT ONLY SNDING ON MY OWN OUND. I SPEAK FOTHOUSANDS OF PEOPLE WHO GET PERSECUTED AS MENTLY ILL PATIENTS.

>> Reporte A FORMER OFFICER IN THE PEOPLES LIBETION ARMY, QIN HABEEN FORCIBLY HOSPITALIZED SIX TIMES ACCUSED OFEING MENTALLY ILL HE SAYS HE'S N THE ONLY ONE WITH GRIEVANCES WHO'S BEEN TREATED THATED THAT WAYa

>> ( translated ): THE FIRST TIME THE DIAGNOSIS W ACUTE STRESS DISDER. THE SEND TIME WAS PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA. E THIRD TIME, JUST LIKE ALL THE OTHER PETITIONS, DOCTORS DIAGNOD ME WITH PARANOID PSYCHOSIS.

>> Reporte QIN'S JOURNEY BEGAN WHEN HE CAME TO BEIJING TO COMPLAIN ABOUT CORRUPTIOIN THE FACTORY HEORKED IN. HE WAS A PETITIONER, O OF THOUSANDWHO COME HERE TO SEEK REDRS FROM THE CENTRAL CHINESE GOVERNMENT FOR VARIOUS WROS, FROM LAND SEIZURES TO MISTREATMENT BY POLI. ONCE IN THE CAPITAL, THEY ST IN MAKESHIFT PETIONERS' VILLAGESIKE THIS ONE. CHINA'PETITIONING SYSTEM DATES BACKO THE MING DYNASTY 700 YEARS AGO WHEN PEOE APPEALED FOR HELPROM THE IMPERIAL COURT IF THEY HAD PROBLEMS WITLOCAL OFFICIALS. WHEN I VISED THIS NEIGHBORHOOD PETITIONERS QUKLY APPROACHED, TELLING ME THEIR SRIES WITH MINUTES I WAS SPOTTED BY SECURITY OFFICERS, W MARCHED ME OUT OTHE NEIGHBORHOOD. WHEN IRIED TO LEAVE, PEOPLE SURROUNDED MY TAXIB, SHOWING ME COPS OF THEIR PETITIONS. CHINS EMPHASIS ON SOCIAL HARMONY PROVIDES BH AN INCENTIVE FOR PETITIONERS TO PRESFOR JUSTICE BUT ALSO SETS THE STAGE FOR THEIR RSECUTION. THAT'S BAUSE PETITIONERS KNOW THAT CNESE OFFICIALS IN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TAKUNREST IN LOCAL CMUNITIES SERIOUSLY BUT THE LOCAL OFFICIALS WHO E BEING COMPLAIN ABOUT OFTEN WILLEEK TO TAKE RETRIBUTION OR TRY TO STOP PEOPLE FM PETITIONING INHE FIRST PLACE. TENG BIAO, A PROFESSOR AT TH UNERSITY OF POLITICS AND LAW IN BJING SAYS THE SYSTEM ITSELF CREATES THESE KINDSF PROBLEMS. HE RUNS AN N.G.O. TOROVIDE LEGAL AID PETITIONERS.

>> ( transled ): FROM THE TOP DOWN, THE PETITIONG SITUATION IS AN ASSESSININDEX FOR THE OFCIALS ON THEIR POLITICAL ACHIEVEMENTS. IF THERE AREANY PETITIONERS MING TO BEIJING FROM A PLACE THEN IT WILL AFFECT THE LOCA OFFICIALS ON THEIR PMOTIONS AND BONUS.

>> Reporter: FOR HIS WOR TENG BIAO H HIS LAWYERS LICENSE AND PASSPORT TAKEN AWAY. AFTER THISNTERVIEW, CHINESE AUTHORITS SHUT DOWN TENG BIAO'S.G.O. AND POLICE TAINED TWOF HIS COLLEAGUES. DESPITE THE SKS, TENG BIAO SA HE WILL CONTINUE HIS WORK. I TRAVELED TO WUHAN TOALK WITH ANOTHER CHINE ACTIVIST LIU FEIY, BUT HE WAS UNDER HOUSE ARREST. LIU HEADS AN N.G. THAT IS CURRENTLY FOLLOWIN100 CASES OF WRONUL PSYCHIATRIC DETENTION. OVER THE LAST REE YEARS HE SAYS HE KNOWS OF 500 ME WHISTLEBLOWE AND PROTESTERS WHO HAVEEEN DETAINED IN MENTAL HOSPITALS. ROBIN MUNRO, WHO HASXTENSIVELY RESEARCHED PSYCHIATRICETENTION IN CHINA AND WRITTEN TWO BKS ONHE TOPIC, THINKS THE PRACTICE IS WIDESPREAD.

>> CHINA EXPERIENCE IN THIS AREA IS R MORE SERIOUS AND EXTENSIVE THAN ANY OTH COUNTRY.

>> Reporter: MUN, WHO IS BASED INONG KONG, BELIEVES THAT HOSPITALS ARE BECOMING A CONVENIENT MEANS OSILENCING PROTESRS. THAT'S BAUSE WHILE THERE NOW ARE RULES LIMITING ARBITRA ARRESTS, THERE A NO NATIONAL LAWS PROTECTING E MENTALLY ILL.

>> ONCDIAGNOSED THIS WAY, AS DANGEROUY MENTALLY ILL, TIZENS HAVE NO RIGHTS. THEY HAVE NO LEGAL RIGHT TO E A LAWYER. THEYAVE NO LEGAL RIGHT TO BE BROUGHT BEFORE A JUDGEO THAT A JUDICIALETERMINATION CAN BE MADE.

>> Reporter: THE CHINESE PRE, INCLUDING THE IJING NEWS, HAS REPORTED ON THE HOSPITALIZATIO, THE STORY WAS PICKED UP BY THE STATE'S OFFICIAL PRESS AGENC THE COMMUNIST PARTS PEOPLE'S DAILY D SINA.COM WHERE IT DREW 23,000 COMMENTS. SUCH COVAGE IN CHINESE NEWSPAPERSOULD IMPLY THERE IS CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SPORT FOR EVENTING WRONGFUL PSYCHIATRI DETENTION BY LOC OFFICIALS. CHAS MINISTRY OF HEALTH DENIED REQUESTSOR AN INTERVIEW BUT SENT A LIST RELEVANT REGULATIS ON TREATMENT OF THE MENTAL ILL WHICH SAID, IN PART, THE DINOSIS OF PSHIATRIC DISEASE. IS ACCORNG TO THE CHINESE NTAL DISORDER CATEGORY AND DIAGNOSIS STANDARD 3RD EDITI APPROVEDY CHINESE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AND REFERRING TOHE RELATED STANDAS OF TERNATIONAL DISEASE DIAGNOSI CATEGORY WHEN ASKED AT A PRESCONFERENCE ABOUT E INCREASING NUMBERS OF PROTESTERS BEING PUTN MENTAL HOSPITALS, THE SPOKESPERSON R THE MINISTRY OFOREIGN AFFAIRS ID:

>> ( translated ): IS THE FIRST TIMEOR ME TO HEAR THE SITUATION YOU ADDRESSED. I DON'T KNOW ABOUT THE SITUATI OF PSYCHIATRIC HPITALS, BUT PLEA BELIEVE THE RELATED CHINESE GOVERNMENTAL DEPARENTS CONDUCT ADMISTRATION ACCORDING TO LAW.

>> Reporte BUT IN WUHAN, ANOTHER TITIONER, HU GUOHONG SAID HE HAS BE FORCIBLY HOSPITALIZED IN MENTAL INSTITUTIONS FOUTIMES AND THAT HE AND HIS WIFE,HENG XUE, HAVE BEEN WARNED REPEEDLY BY LOCAL OFFICIALS TO SP PETITIONING.

>> ( translated ): THEY SAID, WE N'T ALLOW YOU TO GO PETITIONING TO THE UPPER LELS. IF YOU DO TH, WE WILL BEAT YOU TO DEATH.

>> Reporter: SCE THE COUPLE IS DER POLICE SURVEILLANCE, I M THEM IN A HOTEL OM LATE AT NIGHT. THEY SHOWED ME A LIS WITH THUMBPRINT SIGNATURES, OF LLOW PETITIONERWHO HAVE BEEN DETAINED IN WUHAN'S PSYCATRIC HOSPITALS.

>> PENG YONGKANG, NG CHUNXIU, YANGHUNFANG, ZOU HANZHEN, WANG CHUNZHEN, ZOU GUAN

>> Repter: HU SAID WHEN HE COMPLAINED ABOUT BEING OWE BACKPAY FOR HIS RK CONSTRUCTING RLROAD CARS, HE WAS ATEN BY THE FACTORY'S SECURITY TM. AFTER HU DEMAND COMPENSATION FOHIS INJURIES, POLICE PUT HIM IN THE WUHAN ANKANPSYCHIATRI HOSPITAL FOR THR DAYS. SINCE THEN, DOCTORS HAVE DIAGNOSED HIM WITH SCHOPHRENIA AND PARAIA. POCE OFTEN ARREST HIM BEFORE MAJOR EVENTS, AS THEDID BEFORE THE OLPICS. THAT TIME, HU WAS KEPT ATHIS HOSPITAL ON E OUTSKIRTS OF WUN.

>> THEY GAVE M1, AND THEN 2 YEOW PILLS EVERYDAY. THEY SAID THEY WOULD SET ME EE AFTER THE OLYMCS. THEY TOLD MEO BE NICE. BUT AFR THE OLYMPICS, AND RING THE PARALYMPICS, THEY STILL HELD ME. THE END OF SEPTEMBER, I ESCAPED. THEY CGHT ME, AND THE NEXT DAY THEY GAVE ME ELECTRIC OCKS.

>> RUSHKOFF: THE SCKS WERE ADMINISTERED WITH ELECIFIED NEEDLES TH PIERCED THE FEET, THE PALMS OF HIS HANDS AND H TEMPS.

>> ( translated THE ELECTRIC SHKS CONTINUED FOR TWO HOURS OF HIGH VOLTAGE.

>> Reporter: HE'S BEENETAINED TWICE SIE THEN, INCLUDING JUST AFTER I INTERVWED HIM, WHICH WAS FIVE DS BEFORE THE ANNIRSARY OF THE GOVERNMENTS CRACKDOWN IN TIANANMENQUARE. HE WAS KEPT IN A HOSTAL FOR 12 DAYS. >>HENEVER THERE'S A BIG POLITICACRACKDOWN IN THE COUNTRY,HEN THE OLYMPICS ARE COMING UP, A HUGE INTERNIONAL EVENT, THE POLICE WILL BE INSTRUCTED TO GO OUT AND PREEMPTILY DETAIN ANYONE WHO MIGHT STAGAN EMBARRASSING CIDENT TO THE GOVERNMENT IN THE RUN UP TO THESCRUCIAL EVENTS. PELE ON THE LIST WHO ARE MENTALLY ILL, OR ALLEGLY MENTALLY ILL ARE THE FIRST PELE WHO WILL BE PREEMPTIVELY DETAINED.

>> Reporter: DESPITEHE DANGERS, MANY TITIONERS REFUSE GIVE UP. QIN XINAN YS HE'LL STAY HERE AS LONG AS HE CAN, PETITIONI FOR HELP.

>> translated ): I HAVE EN TO BEIJING 133IMES. I HAVEO OTHER WAY. MY FILY IS DESTROYED. I NDER THE STREETS OF BEIJING. I AM A 60 YE OLD MAN BEGGING FOR FOOD AND ASKING THE GOVEMENT FOR JUSTICE, TO RIGHT A WRONG.

>> Reporte BUT HE EXPECTS TO BE AESTED BY THE END OF THE SUMMER, BERE THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF T PEOPLES REPUBLICF CHINA ON OCTOBER 1.

>> Lrer: SINCE THAT REPORT WAS PRODUCED, THE CHINESGOVERNMENT HAS CRKED DOWN FURTHER ON ACTIVISTS. FOR THE FIRST TIME, THEYE ISSUED A REGULION BANNING PETIONERS FROM TRAVELING TO BEIJING.

>> Lehrer: AND FINALLY TONIG THE ANALYSIS OF IELDS AND BROOKS SYICATED COLUMNIST MARK SHIES AND "NEW YORK TIMES" COLUMNIST DAVID BROOKS. MARK, DID E PRESIDENT'S SPEECH CHANGE THE DEBIT IN ANY IMRTANT WAY?

>> YES, I DI JIM. FIRST OF ALL IT'S RECLAIMED THE TERMSF THE DEBATE FROM WHAT HAPNED IN AUGU. HE HAS ESTABLISHED OWNERSP. ADMITT THAT HE OWNS ALAN, MY PLAN. GOT SPECIFIC. ANFOR THEEMOCRATSHO ARE SOMEWHAT -- WHO WER WITH HIM BUT D SOME UBTS, HE GAVE AN ENERGYTO IT, A SENSE OF URGEY, AND A PASSION AT REPLAC AN EAIER COOLNESS AND AN RLIER VAGUENESS. AND I WOULD SAY THE MOS IMPORTANT THING DID IN TERMOF THE COUNTRY,IN REACHING THE COUNT, IS HE DID EABLISH AT THI WAS A MOL ISSUE. AND HE LOOKED --

>> YOU THINK PEOPLE UGHT THAT. I DO. I THIN IT'S A DIFFERENT WAY OF LOOKING AT IT. INSTEAD SIMPLY KING WHAT'S IN ITOR ME, HE SAID WH'S IN IT FOR US AS A PEOPLE. AND WE, AS A COMMUNAL NATION VALUE JUICE. AND I THINK -- I THINK TH'S AN IMRTANT VALUE. AND I THINK IT'S IMPORNT POLITICALLY HAVE THAT HIGHORAL GROUND.

>> Lehrer: DO YOU THK IT HAS CHANGED THINGS, DAVID.

>> I DO. THINK HE ACTUALLY MOVED VOTES. YOU THK ONE CASE, A GUY NAMED JIM COOPER, A MODERATE MOCRAT FROM TENNESSEE WHO HAS BEEN VERY ACTIVE IN HEALTH CARE FOR 20 YEARS. HE HAD OPSED THE HOUSE PLAN THAT HAD COMEUT -- THAT WAS COMG OUT OF THE HOUSE. AND HE HAD WRITTEN PUBLICLY ABOUT WHY HE OPPOSED IT. I CALLED HIM THE DAY AFTER OBAMA'S SPEECH AND HE S VERY CITED. HE THOHT THE PRESIDENT HAD MADE REAL PRRESS IN ALLAYI A LOT OF HIS CONCERNS AND ADJUSNG SOME OF THE POLICYS -- POLICIES SO IT WOD BE FISCALLY RESPONSIBLE D ADDRESS THINGS. THE BLUE DOGS, MODATE DEMOCRATS WEREUITE PLSED. SO THE PRESINT REALLY CURED THAT PART OF THE PARTY.

>> Lehrer: DO YOU THINK HE'S WONNY SUPPORT AMONG REPUBLICANS OR CHANGEDR SOFTEN THEPPOSITION IN ANY Y?

>> NOT YET. BUT YOU OW IT'S POSSIBLE HE CLD GET A FEW IN THE NATE. Y IT FOR THIS REASON. TO ME THE KEY PART OF THE SPEE WAS I WILL NOT ALW THIS TO INEASE THE DEFICIT ONE DIME NOWND FOREVER. NOW TO GET TO THAT DEFICI NEUTRALITY LEVEL THE HOUSE BILL GENERALLY GOES AWAY BECAUSE THAT BLOWS A HE IN THE DEFICIT. YOU START WITH THE SENE BILL. BUT THEN YOU'VSTILL GOT TO MAKE SOM CHANGES TO BRI IT WITHIN THATOST STCTURE. AND THAT MNS A WHOLE SERIES O COESSION ON THE EMPLOYER TAX EXEMPTION, MAYBE EN ON MEDICARE -- I MEANN MALPRACTICE. SOF THERE'S MVEMENT OVER THE NEXT CPLE OF WEEKS, IT'S POSSIBLE YOU COULD PICK UP A COUE REPUBLANS, BOYNE VERY MH, SUSAN COLLS, A FEW, YOU ARE TO THE GOING TO GET A LOT, IN ANY CASE.

>> Lehrer: WHAI WAS READINTODAY, MARK,S THAT THE WHITE HOUSE STRATEGY IS THEY WANT TO GET THE 60 VOTES. THEYANT TO HAVE -- THEY WANT TO SOME IMAGITION THAT DOESN'T RUIRE 60 VOTES. THAT MEANS YOU HAVE TO HAVE REPUBLICANS, RIGHT.

>> YOU HAVTO GET AT LEAST THREE OR FOUR REPUBCANS. I THINK, JI,WHAT AUGUST ESBLISHED IS THAT THIS IS GOING TO B PASSED BY DEMOCRATS AND TO THE BY REPUBLICS. WHEVER THE AUGUST EXERCISES WENT THROUGH IN THIS COUNTRY WITH E TOWN HALL MEETIN AND THE OPPOSITION, THE FIERCE OPPOSITION EXPRESSEDO THE PLAN, ITAS PUT THE FR OF GOD INTO REPUBLICANS. I ME YOU TAKE SOMEBODY LIKEHUCK GRASSLEY O IOWA WHO MAY, YOU KNOW, I THINK BASED UPON HIS CAREER, WAS SERIOUSLINTERESTED IN DOING SOMETHING. WAS ACCORDING TO THOSE WHO WERE THERE, INTIMIDATED AND TERRIFIED BY AT HE SAW AT THOSETOWN MEETINGS IN IOWA. AND IT'S NOW THAT THE REPUBLIC BASE OF THE PARTY IS FIERCEL AGAINST THIS. THE DEMOCRATIC BASE OF THE PARTY IS FIERCELY FOR IT. SO THE DEMOCRATS ISSUE, INREST IS IN GETTING AT TASK EARLY AND SOON AND GETTINBACK TO THE ECONOMY. BECAUSTHIS IS A DEVICEIVE ISSUE AND IT DOES IN FACT THREATEN.

>> Lehr: GET IT OVER WORD WORTH.

>> I THREATENS SUPPORT ONG THE ELDERLY AMONG INDEPENDENTS THEY'RE GOING TOAVE TO PASS THIS TH DEMOCRATS. DEMOCRATS ARE RILLED ABOUT PASSING IT. BUT REPUBLICANSND LETTING EIR REPUBLICAN REPRESENTATIVES KNOW THAT THEY ARE VERY MUCH OPPOSED.

>> Lehrer: DAVID, THE "BOSTOGLOBE" ON ITS EDITORIAL PAGE TODAY AMONG MANY OTHERS SAID THAT E JOE WILSON OU LI" SHOUT TO THE PRESIDENT O WEESDAY NIGHT WAS GIFT TO PRESIDENT OBAM DO Y AGREE.

>> YEA I THINK RUBLICANS EW THAT IMMEDIATELY. E MAN, YOU MAY DISAGR WITHIM BUT HE IS THE HEAD OF STATE. HE'S OUR PRESIDE. HE IS ALL OF O PRESIDENT. AND ERE IS A CERTAIN MAER OF DECORUM. THIS IS NOT BRITAI THIS IS T ITALY, JAPAN OR DOORIA. WE DNOT HAVE A ARTMENTMENT SYSTEM WHERE IT IS OKAY TOHOUT AT THE LEADER BECAUSE HE IS HEAD OF STATE AS WE AS THE HEAD OF GOVERNMENT. D IT WAS JUST, I OW A LOT OF PEOPLE O FRANKY, THE COMPANY KEEP, BUT THEY DON'T PAY -- THEY ARE NO GOING TO WATCH THE SECH. THEY DON'T PAY THAMUCH CLOSE ATTENTIO THEY D'T KNOW ABOUT COMPARATIVE EFFEIVE REARCH BUT THEY DO KNOW ABOUT JOE LSON NOW. D THEY DO KNOW WHAT THAT REPUBLICAN DID. AND TY HAVE FORCED HIM TO TO APOGISE BUT THE REPUICAN LEADERSHIP NEED TOORCE HIM TO AOLOGISE ON THE FLOO Lehrer: YOU THINK SO, ON THE FLOOR.

>> HE ISETTING SUPPORT FROM HIS DISTRICT BUT JUST FOR THE OD OF THE PAR, I THINK THEY REALLY NEED TO GET HIM OUT OTHE FLOOR APOLISE.

>> Lehrer:O YOU AGREE.

>> I DO. AT THIS POINT, JIM, THERE WERE CERTAIN CITICISMS THAT COULD BEADE OF THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH O WEDNESDANIGHT IN HIS PL. THE COST OF HOW H IS GOING TO PAY FOR IT $500 BILLION IN FRAUD AND WASTE WHICH SES TO HAVE RESONANT ECHO FROM EARLIER TIMES THAT THERE IS $500 MILLION THERE, WHY HAN'T WE T RID OF IT ALREADY. WHAT ARE YOU WAITING FOR --

>> YEAH, I MEANEDICARE. I MEAN BUT YOU KNOW, OTHER THIN. THE REPUBLICANNEVER GET A CHAN. I MEAN I OPPOSITON THEY NEVER GET A CHANCE TO MAKE E CASE BECAUSE OF JOE WILSON. JOE WILSON BECAME THE FA AND THE VOICE OF THE REPUICAN PARTY MUCH TO THE DETRIMENT. I THI HE IS A SABOTEUR, PLANTEBY THE DEMOCRATS. HE HAS TO BE. I MEAN HOW ELSE COU YOU PLAIN IT. I MEAN WHAT GOOD -- HE'S DOING THPARTY JUST ENORMO HARM. JOHN BAIR ON AONE-ON-ONE SESSION SA YOU'VE GOT T GO O AND PUBLIY APOLISE.

>> NO, I DN'T.

>> YOU KNOW E SUPPORT I'M GETTING AND THE MONI THAT'S CING IN, LUS HE PROBABLY DIDN'T WANT TBE ON TAPE APOLOGING WHICH WE DO TELEVISE HOUSE FLOO OCEEDINGS. SO EVERY HOUR IT IS STILL ALIVHURTSEPUBLICANS BECAUSE IT IS A PARTY. WHATEVER YOU SAY ABOUT JOHN BOEHNER AND MITCH McCONNELL THEY ARE NOT HOUSEHOLD WORDS OR FACES. YOU DON'T NEED JOE WILN, YOU NEED HIM T TAKE HIS FIVEECONDS OF FA AND GET IT OVER WTH.

>> Lehrer:HERE HAS BEEN A LOT OF COMMENTARYROUND A LOT OF THIS, THAT THIS IS REALLY -- REALLYNDICATIV OF A LOW KD O STANDARD O DISCOURSE, NEGATIV DISCRSE, NEGATIVE STANDARD OF DISCOURSE IN THE UNTRY. DO YOU THINK--

>> I MEAN IT DIDN'T COME OUT OF NOWHERE. I MEAN THERE AR CERTAIN UNCONSCIOUS STANDARDS WE ALL BEHAVIOR -- BEHALF IN CERTAIN WAYS, YOU GO TO A FUNERAL OR A CHCH YOU BEHAVE IN A CERTAIN Y. THESE ARE DEEP AND IRED. YOU DON'T HAVE TO THIN ABOUT . T THERE HAS BEENHIS BROAD CORE OVER MANY YEARS INHE WAY PEOLE TALK IN PRIVATE AND THEN S SUDDENLY BEHAVED IN A WAY THAT NORMALLY THERE WOU BE JUST SO MANY UNCONSCIOUS BARRIERS WOULD U NEVER SCREAM OUT, YOU LIE, TO A PRESIDENT RIGHT THERE THAT ROOM. BUT THOSE BARRIERS HAVE BEEN ERODED. HE WENT FURTHER THAN ANYBODY HAS BEGUN BEFORE. >>ehrer: .

>> IT ISBVIOUS IF YOU HAN AROUNDONGRESS, THE CONVERSATIS YOU HEAR ARE JUST OF THAT NATURE.

>> Lehr: DOW FEEL THE SAME WAY.

>> I THINK IT IS A -- OF OUR POTICAL LANGUAGE, OUR POLITICAL FE. I THINK IT IS -- OF OUR -- LIFE I THINK WE SEE THIN ON TELEVISION A THE PUBLIC ENRTAINMENT THAT WE DIDN'T SEA GENERATION AGO. BUT I THINK IT IS TRUE AN IT'S REACHED THE POINT WHERE YOU AND IARE YOUY POLITICAL ADVERSARY, YOU ARE NOT SIMPLY WRONG, YOU HAVE TO BE EVIL. YOU DON'T HE ANY MEAL STANDING. I MEAN AND THAT'S -- RATHER THAN PROVE YOU WRONG ENCOURAGE YOU TO COME MY SIDE, MIGHT MY APPROA IS DEMONIZE U AND DESTROY YOU. AND I REALLYTHINK TAT'S -- 'S TRAGIC.

>> Lehrer:OU THINK THAT'S --

>> I THINK IT HAS -- DEVELOD AND I THINK IT IS NOT STOPPED. I MEAN IWAS HOPING THAT THE PRIDENT, IT WAS PART OF BARACK OBAMA'S THEME. AND I DON'THINK HE CAN BE CUSED OF THAT AT ALL, UT IT WAS PAR OF HIS CAMPAIG THEM AND IF DID TOUCH PEOPLE.

>> Lrer: HE DID RESPONDS TO IT. >>T IS CYCLICAL. HAVE PERIODS OF HIGH POLARIZATION IN ERICAN HISTORY. THEALEXANDER HAMILTON W OT BY A POLITICAL OPPONENT THAT IS RECENTLY POLARIZING. ABRAHAM LINCO POLARIZI PERI. TH WE HAVE HAD A HH POLARIZING PERIOD, I THINK WE HAVE BIFURCATEDED WHERE A LOT OF THE COUNTRY HAS LOST SOME OF THE POLARIZING FEEL BUT THERE ARE MINORITIESN EACH SIDE WH ARE WATCHING FOX OR MSNBCHO ARE STILL IN THAT HIGH POLARIZING MODE AND THEY --. Lehrer: QUICKLY BEFORE WE GO. WHATO YOU MAKE OF PAUL EVANS SPEECH ON THE FLOOR OF E SENATE ABOUT AFANISTAN AND LET'S HOLD OFF SENDI MORE TROOPS.

>> IHINK IT REECTS, FIRST OF ALL NOT TO BE CYNICAL, BUT THE PITICAL REALITY THAT YOU ARE NOT GOING TO HAVE BTTLE ER TRP NUMBERS IN AFGHANISTAN AT AIME WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO PASS HEALTH CARE. I THINK THAT'S -- I THI THAT'S THE ADNISTRATION DOES TO THE WNT THE REQST TO BE MADE FORMALLY. SO BYENERAL McCHRYSTAL FOR INCREASED NUMBERS, ACCORDING TO MY OWN REPORTING. CONDLY, M EVAN IS AN ENORMOUSLY RESPECT MAN. HASN'T GIVEN TO CHE OTS, HE IS A VE RIOUS LESLATOR. WHEN HE YS REFLECTS NOT ONLY HIS OWN JUDGEMENT WHICH IS RPECT, BUT I THINK I REFLECTS WIDELY THE SKEPTISM AND DOUBT OUT THE PRECISE MISSION AND WHAT IS ACHIEVABLE W MANY TRIPS ARE WE REALLY ASKING FOR. HOW LONG ARE WE ASKING THEM TO STATHERE. I ME I DON'THINK THAT'S BEEN MAD CLEAR BY THE PRESIDENT OR ANYBODY EE. ALONG THE LINES OF WHAT THESE THE EDIRIAL PAGE WRITERS, ITORS TOLJEFF AWHILE AGO.

>> PARTLY I AME THE PRIDENT. E PRESIDENT SUPPORTED THIS IDEA OF INCREASI THE TROOP LEVELS AND PRESUMABLY WILL DO IT AGAIN. HE NEVER REALLY EXPLAINED WHY. IN FACT, H MINUTE MYED E EXPENSE AND COMMITNT THAT WE WERE THERE AND WE WER DOING REAL NATION BUILDING HEEVER RELY WOULD EXPLAIN THAT. NOW AT IS COMING BACK T HAUNT THEM. AND THEN THE SECRERY THING IS THE KARZ ELECTION WHICH HAS DELIVERED A SERUS BODY BLOW T MORALE IN TH COTRY. AND I WOULD HOPE THE KARZAI GOVERNMENTS GETTING THE MESSAGE. THEY CERTAINLY PAYTTENTION TOHIS STUFF. AND IF THEY WANT THE U.S. T ST, IF THEY DON'T WANT THE TALIBAN TO TAKE OVER AND DESTROY THEIR COUNY AGAIN, THEN THIS IS SOMHING THEY HAVEO PAY ATTENTION. I THINKENATOR LEFFIIS WRG, NONETHELE I HOPE IT IS A CENTL THAT KARZAI AND THE PEOPLE AROUND HIM RECEIVE.

>> Lehrer: .

>> IT IS TOUGH TO ASK AMICANS TO FIGHT AND DI FOR A GORNMENT THAT STEALS ELECTIS, AND THIS ELECTION WAS RIGGED, WHETHER IT WAS STOLENI DON'T KNOW. BUT EN YOU GET 500 PHOT VOS IN APRECINCT AND 500 VOTEORCE KARZAI AND 400 IN PRECINCT AND 400 FOR KARZAI, THAT'S BEYOND MATHEMATICAL RARITY.

>> Lrer: YEAH. ANTHE PUBLIC YU THINK IS WHERE YO ALL ARE ON THIS, RIGHT?

>> WELL, THE PUBLIC IS WAIVERG, THERE IS NO QUESTION THE POLLS HAVE BEEN SLIDG. AND THEPRESIDENT REALLY NEEDS TO EXPLAIN AFGHANISTAN. I THINK HE NEEDS TO EXPLA THAFFECT ON PASTAN IF THE TALIBAN WE TAKEN OVER WH THIS HEALTH CARE IS OVER, HE IS CLEARLY GOINGO VE TO EXPLAIN THE POLICY WHH HE HASN'T.

>> WHAT ARE THE NECEITIES OF TRYG TO EXAIN THIS.

>> THAT'S RIGH, HE IS THE ONE THAT CALLS IT A WAR OF NECESSITY. AND THAT IS THE RDEN IS VERY MUCH WI HIM. AND DEMOCRATSAVE LEFT ON THIS. THREE OUOF FOUR DEMRATS.

>> ARE GONE, OKAY. DAVID, MARK, THANK Y BOTH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Lehrer: AIN, THE MAJOR DELOPMENTS OF THE DAY. THE NATION OBSERVED TH9/11 ANNIVERSARY ID RISING OPPOSION TO THE WAR IN GHANISTAN. AND A COAST GUARD TRAINING EXERCISE IN WASHINGTON TCHED OFF A FLURRYF CONFUSION. THERE WE MISTAKEN REPORTS OF SHOTS FIRED AT A SUSPICIOUBOAT AS/11 SERVICES WERE TAKING PLACE. ON NEWSHR.PBS.ORG AN ONLE-ONLY FEATURE TONIGHT. JEREY BROWN TALKS TO THE ITOR OF THE MAGAZINE "OXFORD AMERICAN" ABOUT A ECIAL ISSUE ON STHERN LITERATURE. HERE'S AN CERPT OF HIS CONVSATION: A LOT OF PEOPLE DON'T EVEN LIKE THE PHRASE. KNOW SOME WHO HATE T THEY DON'T WANT TO BE CALLED BECAUSE IT COMES WITH STRINGATTACHED. BUT TO MEVERY WRITER H A REGION ATTACHED TO H OR HERSELF WHETHER IT IS CHECKO, WHETHER IT A JAPANE FILMMAKER. THEY ARE ALL PAR OF THEIR LOCALE, THE GREAT ONES USE TH LOCAL IN ORDER TO TAP INTO THE UNIVSAL.

>> THAT CONVERSAON IS ON OUMARQUIS

>> Lehr: THE CONVERSATION WITH MARC SMIRNOFF IS ON OUART BEAT PAGE.

>> Lehrer: AND AGAIN, TO OUR HONOR ROLL OF AMERAN SERVICE PERSONL KILLED IN THE IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN CONFLICTS. WEDD THEM AS THEIR DEATHS ARE MADE OFFICIAL AND OTOGRAPHS BECOMEVAILABLE. HEREIN SILENCE, ARE TEN MORE. Lehrer: "WASHINGTON WEEK" C BE SEEN LATER TH EVENING ON MOSTBS STATIONS. WE'LL E YOU ON-LINE, AND AGAIN HERE MONDAY EVENING. HAVE A NICE WEEND. I'M JIM LEHRER. ANK YOU AND GOOD NIGHT. MAJOR FUNDING FOTHE NEWSHO WITH JIM LEHRER PROVIDED BY:

>> TINY LILE THING, IT'S JUST... NOT BIG. AH... OKAY, FOUND IT. ( CHEERS ANDPPLAUSE ) OKAY.

>> WE ARE INTEL, SPONRS OF TOMORR.

>> THIS IS THE ENGE THAT CONNECTS ABUNDANT GRAIN OM THE AMERICAN HEARTLAND TO HAN'S BEST SELLING WHEAT, ILE KEEPG 60 BILLION POUNDS CARBON OUTF THE ATMOSPHERE ERY YEAR. BNSF, THE GINE THAT CONNECTS US.

>> CHEVR. THIS IS THE POR OF HUMAN ENERGY

>> AND BTHE BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION. DEDICATED TO THE IDEA THATLL PEOPLE DESERVEHE CHANCE TO LIVE HEALTHY PRODUCTIVE LIFE. AND WITH THE OOING SUPPORT OF ESE INSTITUTIONS AND FOUNDATIONS. AND... THIS PROGRAMAS MADE POSSIBLE THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING. AND BYONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LE YOU. THANK YOU. Captioning sponred by MacNEIL/LRER PRODUCTIONS Captioned b Media Access Group at WGB access.wg.org C NOC