The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer : WETA : October 9, 2009 7:00pm-8:00pm EDT; The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer

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>> Lehre GOOD EVENING, I'M JIM LEHRER. ON THE NEWSHOUR THIS FRIY, THE LEAD STORYPRESIDENT OBAMA NS THIS YEAR'S NOBEL PEACE PRIZE. RAY SUAREZ, JEFFREY OWN AND JUDY WOODRUFF HAVEUR LEAD STORY COVEGE; AFTER THE OTHER NE OF THE DAY, KWAME HOLMAN REPORTS ON ETHICS CHARGES AGAINST VETERAN W YORK DEMOCRAT CHARLES RANGEL.

>> REPUBCANS ARE TRYING TO OUST THE POWERFUL CHAIRMAN OF THE HOE WAYS AN MEA COMMITTEE AN DOCRATS ARE FIGHTING BACK. >>ehrer: THE ANALYSIS OF DAVID BROOKS AND RUTH MAUS, FILLING IN F MARK SHIELDS. ANMARGARET WARNER TELLS THE STORY OF SMASHING 2 ACECRAFT INTO THEOUTH POLE OF THE MOON; MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE NEWSUR WITH JIM LEHRER IS PROVIDEBY: ♪ ( HARD ROCK GUITAR RF PLAYG )

>> ARE INTEL, ONSORS OF TOMORROW. CHEVRON. TH IS THE POWER OF HUMAN ENERGY. GRANT THORON. AND BYHE ALFRED P. SLOAN FOUNDATION. SUPPTING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND IMPROVED ECONOMI PERFORMANCE AND NANCIAL LITERACYN THE 21ST CENTURY. ANWITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONSND FOUNDATIONS. AND... IS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATIONOR PUBLIC BROADCAING. AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERSIKE YOU. THANK YO

>> Lehrer:RESIDENT OBAMA WAS NAMED THE WINN OF THE 2009 NOBEL PEACE PRIZTODAY IN OSLO, NOAY. THE UNEXPECTED CHOE MADE HIM THE THD U.S. PRESIDENT TO BE SO HONORED, WHILE STILL OFFICE. RAY SUAREZ BEGINS R LEAD STORY COVEGE.

>> Holman: THE ANNOUNCEMT IN NORWEGIAN DREW GPS OF SURPRISE AS T AUDIENCE REALIZED WHO HAD WON.

>> ONLY VERY RARELHAS A PERSON TO T SAME EXTENT AS OBAMA CAPTUREDHE WORLD'S ATTENTION AND GIVEN ITS PEOPLE HOPE FOA BETTER FUTURE. HIS PLOMACY IS FOUNDED IN THE CONCT THAT THOSE WHO ARE TO LEAD THE WORLD MT DO SO ON THEéU BASIOF VALUES AND ATTITUDES THAT AREHARED BY THE MAJORITY OF THE WORLD'S POPULATN.

>> Holman: WHI HOUSE OFFICIALS ID THE PRESIDENT DID NOT KNO HE'D BEEN NOMINAD UNTIL THE ANNOCEMENT. HOURS LATER,E APPEARED IN THE ROSE GARDEN. I AM BOTH SURPRISED AND DEEPLY HUMBL BY DECISION OF BEL COMMITTEE. LET ME BE CLEAR I DOOT VIEW IT AS A ROGNITION OF MY OWN ACCOMPLISHNTS BUT RAER AS AN AFFIRMION OF AMERICAN ADERSHIP ON BEHALF OF ASPIRAONS HELD BY PEOPLE IN ALL NATIONS. AND THAT IS WHY I WILL AEPT THIS AWARD AA CALL TO ACTION, A CALL FOR ALL NATIONS TO CONFRONT THE COMMON CHALNGES OF THE 21ST NTURY.

>> Holman: MR. OBAMA HAD BN PRESIDENT ONLY WEEKS BEFORE THDEADLINE FOR PEACE PRIZE NOMINATIONS. AND THERE WAS NO WORD ON WHO SUBMITTED HIS NAME BUT THE NOBECOMMITTEE CITED A STRING OF INITIATIVES TH PRESIDENT HAS LAUNCH IN SPEECHES AROD THE WORLD. IN PRAGUE LAST APRIL

>> I STATE CLEARLY ANDITH CONVICTION ARICA'S COMMITMENT TO SEEK THE PEACE AND SECURI OF A WORLD WITHO NUCLEAR WEAPONS.

>> Holman: IN CAIRO, LAST NE, WHEN HE REACD OUT TO THE MUSL WORLD,

>> THERE MUST BE A STAINED EFFORT TO STEN TO EACH OTHER, TO LEARN FROM EACH OER, TO RESPECT ONE ANOTHER, AND TO EK COMMON GUND.

>> Holman: AND LT MONTH, AT THE UNITED NATIONSHERE HE SOUGHTO RESTART THE STALLED MIDDLE EAST PEACE TALKS. ULTIMATELY, THE COITTEE'S CITATION EVEN CARRIED ECES FROM LT YEAR, WHEN THEN- CANDIDATOBAMA SPOKE IN BERLIN, GERMANY.

>> WE CANNOT AFFD TO BE DIVIDED. NO ONE NATION, NO MAER HOW LARGE OR POWERFUL, CANEFEAT SUCH CHALLGES ALONE.

>> Holman: WITTODAY'S HONOR, PRIDENT OBAMA JOINS THEODORE ROOSELT IN 1906 AND WOODROW WILSON IN 1919 AS THE ON SITTING PRESIDEN TO WIN THE PEACPRIZE. FORMER PRESIDENTIMMY CARTER WON 2002, DECADES AFTER HE LEFT THE OVAL OFFICE. FORMER VICE PRESIDENAL GORE WAS THE 07 NOBEL PEACE LAEATE FOR HIS WORK ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE. HE H WORDS OF PRAISE TODAY IN MADISON, WISCONSIN.

>> I THINK IT'S THRILLING TH PRIDENT BARACK OBAMA HAS BEEN AWARDED THE NOBEL ACE PRIZE. IT'S AN HONOR FOR OUR UNTRY. ( APPLSE ) IT'S AHONOR R HIM FIRST AND REMOST BUT IT'S AN HONOR FOR OUR COUNTRY. IT'S EXTREMELY WL DESERVED.

>> Suare BY CONTRAST, REBLICAN PARTY CHAIRMAN MICHAESTEELE CRITICIZED THE CHOICE, IN A STATEMENT. HE SAID: "IT IUNFORTUNATE THAT E PRESIDENT'S STAR POWER HAS OUTSHINED TIRELESSDVOCATES WHO HA MADE REAL ACHIEVEMENTS WORKING TOWARDS PEACE D HUMAN RIGHTS." ACROSS THE COUNTRY, THNEWS EVOKED AN ARY OF REACTIONS FR AVERAGE AMERICANS.

>> THIS IS A SIGNATO THE UNITED STATES BY THE RESOF THE RLD THAT INDEED WE DID SOMETHING VERYIGHT IN THE ELECON OF BARACK OBAMA. I WAS A LITTLE SHOCKED BECAUSE I THOUGHT E TIMING WAS SORTF INTERESTING IN THAT HE HASN'T BEEIN OFFICE FOR VERY LONG, HE HASN'T ACHIEVED VER MUCH. I THINWHAT HE HAS DONE HAS BEEN VERY PROMISING.

>> AS MUCH AS I LIKE BARK OBAMA, I JUST N'T KNOW THAT HE HAS DONE ENOUGH TO WARNT SUCH AN HONOR

>> ANDHE WINNER IS A SHK

>> Suarez: AROUND THE WORL THE ANNOUNCEMENTEADLINED EVENING NEWSCASTS. AND REACTIONS ONHE STREET VAED, FROM THE OBAMA FAMILY'S ANCESTRAL HOMELANDN KENYA TO THE STETS OF MOSCOW.

>> WE ARE VERYROUD OF HIM, BECAUSE, HE HAS N THE PRIZE AND NOT ONLY THE PRIZE, T THE NOBEL PEACPRIZE WITHIN A VERY SHORT PERIOD OF TIME AS PRESIDENT. AT SIMPLY IMPLIES, THAT HE I ALREADY ON THE CRSE TO BRING THE ANGE HE PROMISED. ( translated ): I DON THINK HE DESERVEIT. WHAT DID HE ? DID HE INVENT METHING? IS HE SCIENTIST? WHY? HE WAS JUST ELECTED, WT PEACE EFFORTS? HASN'T DONE ANYTHING AT ALL TOWARDS PEACE YET.

>> Suarez: ANG WORLD LEADERS, GERMAN CHANCELLOANGELA MERKEL SPE FOR MANY, ESPECIALLY IN EUROPE.

>> ( transled ): HE WAS ABLE IN SHORT AMOUNT OF TIME TO SET A NEW TONE ANDEADINESS TO WORLIDE TALKS. THINK WE ALL SHOULD SUORT HIM IN MAKINPEACE POSSIBLE WODWIDE.

>> Srez: BUT SOME LEADERS SAGREED INCLUDING HAMAS LEADER ISMAIL HANIYEH,N GAZA.

>> ( tranated ): IF THERE IS NO FUNDAMENTAL AND TRUCHANGE IN AMERIN POLICIES TOWARD THE KNOWLEDGMENT OF THE RIGHTS O THE PALESTINIAN PELE, I THINK THIS PRIZE WON'T MOVE USORWARD OR BACKWAR

>> Suarez:ND IN AFGHANISTAN, PRESIDENT HAMID KARZAI WCOMED THE ANNOUNCEMENT, BUT A TABAN SPOKESMAN COEMNED IT, SAYING MR. OBAMA HAONLY ESCALATED THE WAR THERE. THE PRESIDENT PLANS TOCCEPT THE AWARD CEMBER 10TH IN NOAY. HE SAITODAY HE WILL DONATE THE ENTIRE $1.4 MILLION PRE TO CHARITY.

>> Lehrer: WE'LL HAVE MORE O THE NOBEL PEACE IZE LATER IN THE OGRAM.

>> Lehrer: IN OTHENEWS TODAY, HOURS AFR RECEIVING THE PEACE PRIZE, PRESIDENTBAMA HELD ANOTHER STRATEGY SSION ON THE WAR AFGHANISTAN. IT WAS WELY REPORTED THE OVERALL COMMANDER NERAL STANLEY MCCHRYST HAS PRESENTED SERAL OPTIONS. THEY RGE FROM ORRING NO MAJOR CHANGES, TO SENDING MANY AS 60,0 ADDITIONAL TROO. IN AFGHANIAN, US FORCES PULLED OUT OF A REMOTE BASE NEAR PAKISTAN. IT HAD BEEN PLAND BEFORE A TALIBAATTACK KILLED 8 ERICANS LAST WEEKEND. ACROSS THE BORDER, AT LET 49 PEOP WERE KILLED IN SUICIDE CAR BOMBING INORTHWEST PAKISTAN A CAR BLEW UP NEAR A BUS MARKET. AND THE FORCOF THE EXPLOSION FLIPPED A BUS ON ITS SIDE. THE BLAST WOUNDED AT LEAST 100 PEOPLAND LEFT TWISTED ECKAGE. POLICE IN FRANCE HAVE ARREED A SCIENTIST AT A TOP NUCAR RESEARCH LAB FOR ALLEGED TIETO AL-QAEDA. THMAN WAS AN ALGERIAN WORKING AT THE SITE OF THEORLD'S LARGEST AT SMASHER. THE UNDERGROUND COMPLEX IS DESIGNED TO RECREA CONDITIONS FROM THE ORIGIN OFHE UNIVERSE. THE OPERATORS OFHE SITE SAID THE SCIENTIST HAD NOONTACT WITH ANYTHINTHAT COULD BE USED IN A TERROR PLOT. ON WALL STREET TODAY, OCKS WRAPPED UP TIR BEST WEEK IN O MONTHS. THE DOW JONES INDURIAL AVERAGE GAIN 78 POINTS TO CLOSE NEAR 9865, A NEW HIGH FOR YEAR. THE NASD ROSE 15 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 2139. FOR THE WEEK, THE DOW GAED 4%. THE NASDAQ ROSE 4.5%.

>> Lehrer: AND SLL TO COME ON E NEWSHOUR TONIGHT: THE ETHI INVESTIGION OF CHAIRMAN NGEL; BROOKS AND MARCUS; AND NASA'S LUNAR ENCOUER. THAT FOLLOWSWO MORE TAKES ON E NOBEL PEACE PRIZE. JEFFREY BROWN STARTS WITH E WHO'S AND HOW'OF THE AWARD.

>> Reporter: GIVEN TODAY SURISE WE THOUGHT A "PEACE PRIZE PRIMER" WAS IN OER. AND FOR THAT WE'RE JOINED BY SCOTT LONDON, A JOURLIST WHO'S CORED AND WRITTEN ON THE NOBEL COMMTEE AND PRIZE FOR MANY YEARS. HE'S CO-EDITOR OF E BOOK, "NEL LECTURES IN PEACE" WHH HE WORKED ON WITH HIS ANDFATHER, IRWIN ABRAMS, A LEADING SCHOLAR ONHE PEACE PRIZE. SCOTT, START BY TELLING WHO ACTUALLY MAKES THIS CISION? WHO ARE E PEOPLE ON THE MMITTEE? THERE ARE FIVE PEOPLE ON THE COMMITTEE. IT'S APPOINTEDY THE NORWIAN PARLIAMENT. AND THEY SELECT FR MINATIONS THAT A SENT IN FROM AROUND THE WORLD. AND A NUMB OF PPLE ARE QUALIFD TO NOMINATE. SO THE NOMINATNS COME IN LIRALLY FROM AROUND THE WOD THIS YEAR THEY HAD A CORD 205 NOMINEES. MOSTLY INDIVIDUALS BUT ALSO ABOUT 33 ORGANIZATIONS.

>> YOU'VE, TH IS THE ONLY PRIZE, I GUESS THAT COS OUOF NORWAY D IGATHER U'VE MET SOME OF THE PEOPLE THAT SERVE ON THE COMMITTEE. HOW DIVERSE A GROUP IS IT? WHO E THEY? WH CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT TH, THEIR BACKGROUN, RSONALLY AND PROFESSIONALLY? WELL, MANY OF THEM ARE OUTSTANDINSORT OF PLIC FIGURES IN NORWAY,VERY WELL RESPECTED. MANY HAVE HAD LONG AND RESPECTED CAREERS PUBLIC LIFE IN RWAY AND IN POLITICS SOME OF TM, YOU KNOW, THIS IS COMMITTEE,OR WEEKEN NOBEL COMMITTEE IS -- ELECTED BY THE NWEGIAN PARLIAMENT. SO MOSTLY THE ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE ALREADY INPOLITICS A LONG TIME. THEY DON'T HAVGOVERNMENTAL POR ANY MORE. SO MOST OF THEM, Y KNOW, HAVE ARRIV AT THIS POSITION ON THE CMITTEE AFTER LONG AND DISTINGUISD PUBLIC CAREERS.

>> NOW THERES OFTENTHAT QUESTION A THEY SENDING A MESSAGE. IDEAOLICAL OR OTHERWISE. IS THERE A EVIDENC TO HELP US FIGURE THAT OUT ON WAY THE OTHER?

>> I THINK THAT W KNOW THAT EY'RE TRYING TO SEND A MESSAGE. I MEAN THIS IS SOTHING THAT THE NORWEGIAN NEL COMMITTEKNOWS WELL. EY HAVE TWO CHANCES A YEAR, ONCE INOVEMBER WHEN THE PRIZIS ANNOUNCED AND ONC INECEMBER WHEN IT IS GEN T TO REALLY INFLUENCE PUBLIC OPINION. SO THEY D A GRE OPPORTUNITY TO DO THAT THI YEAR. ANALSO IN 2002 WN THE PRIZE WENT T JIMMY CARTER EY MADE IT VERY CLEAR, I THINK PROBABLY THROUGH A MISSTAMENT ON THE PART OF THE CHRMAN THAT THIS WAS, IN FACT, A PRIZE TH HA DEFINITEOLITICAL OVERTONES IT WAS INTENDED AS A KICK IN THE LEG AS THE QUOTE WENT AGAINST THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION.

>> NOW YOU MENTIONEDHE NOMINAON PROCESS. IT COMES IN FROM MANY PLACES, ALTHOUGH NOT ANYDY CAN ND IN NOMINIONS, I GUESS. T WE DON'T KNOWWHO IN THE END IS NOMINATED. WE DON KNOW WHAT THE NAL VOTE IS. FOR 50 YEARS S THAT THE WAY IT WORKS.

>> THAT'S CORRECT. AND I REMEMBER ONE O THE CHAIRMANF THE COMMITTEE TELLINME THAT THEY KEEP VERY GOOD SECRETS. IN FT, BETTER TN THE CIA, HE SAID TO ME,NOWING THAT I WAS AN AMERICAN.

>> ARE TRE CRITERIA THEY US OR IS IT SUBCTIVEIN THE MINDS OF THE PARTICULAR PEOPLEERVING AT A GIV TIME?

>> I THINK THAT THERE ARE SOME GERAL CRITERIA. T ON THE WHOLE, THEYHAVE EXPANDED THEIR DEFINITION OF WHAT THEY DEFINE AS PEACE. ORIGINAL OF COURSE IN ALED NOBEL'S WILL THE IZE WAS FOR PEOPLEWHO HAD WORKED THEARDEST FOR THE REDUCTIOOF STANDING ARMI OR ORGANIZIN PEACE CONGSSS AND FOR PROMOTING FRERNITY BETWEEN NATIONS, THAT WAS THE PHASEN THE WILL. AN OF COURSE THE SELEC ITERIA HAS BROADENED DRAMATICLY OVER THE LAST CENTURY. SOOW THE PRIZEPPARENTLY GOESTO, YOU KNOW, HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS, EVEN ENVIRONMENTALISTS.

>> WELL, I WAS GOI TO ASK YOU ABOUT THAT. BEUSE EVEN IN RECENT YEARS IT'S BROADENED EVEN TO CATEGORIES LIKE THAT BEYOND E TRADITIONAL WORLD ADER. IS THERE A, DO WE KNOW WHY THAT'S HAPPENED? WHY TH HAVE TRIED BROADEN THE CAGORYS?

>> WELL, I THINK THAT THEY UNRSTAND THAT ANY PEACE, ESPECIALLYN THE 21stENT REHAS TO BE BASED AT SOME FUNDAMTAL LEVEL ON HUMAN FREEDOM. AND ALSO ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY. IF YOU DON'T HAVE A SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT, AND ACCESS TO NATURAL RESOURCES, OF COURSE THAIS A BREEDING GROU FOR CONFLICT. SO I THINK THAT EY UNRSTAND THAT PEACE HAS TO BE BROADLY DEFINED. AND ARE THERE PRESIDES YOU N THINK OF BEFORE TODAY, THE ATTENTION HERE IS A RLD LEADER WHICH FITS INTO A TRADITIOL CATEGORY, BUT ONE O IS AT THIS POINT EVEN AS HE HIMSELF SS, IT'S MORE AS OPERATIONAL THAN FOR WHAT HE'S ACCOMPLISHED. ARE THERE PRECEDENTS YOU CAN THINK OF?

>> WELL, I THINKTHAT IS A GOOD POINT AND IN SOME WAYS I THINK IS RATHER UNPRECEDENTED. AND TH IS WHY SO MANY NOBEL PEACE PRIZE WATCRS WERE SURPRISED THIS MOING WHEN WE FOUND OUT. THERE ARE FEW PRESIDEN, BILLY BRN GOT THE PRIZE IN 1971, THE CHAIRMAN, PRIME MINIER AT THATTIME, ST GERMANY I SHOULD SAY. AND HEOT IT LARGY FOR HIS POLICY OF OPENNESS WITH EA GERMANY AT THATIME. AND ANOTHER CANDIDATE WAS THE PRIZE IN 1987. IN BOTTHESE CASES THE NOBEL COMMITTEOPENLY ACKNOWLEDGEDHAT THEY WERE SORT OFAKING A GAMBLE. THEY WERPUTTING THE PRESTIGEF THE PRIZE BEHIN THESE PEACE PROCESSES THAT WERE STILL INCIPIENT. TH WERE JUST GETTING ARTED. BUT THEY FELTTHAT THE ADDED INFLUENCE OF THE PRI COULD HELP TO SWAY THE PEACE PROCS IN THE RIGHT DICTION?

>> AND DO U THINK TT AFTER THE FACT, THEY HEAR WHAT THE WORLD THIN? I MEAN WE JUST RAN A PCE SHOWING LOTSF REACTION. DO THEY PA ATTEION TO THAT?

>> I THINK THEYO. AND I THINK THATT'S JUST -- THE SENSE OFREAT MORAL RESPONSIBILITY THAT THEY FEEL TOWA PICKING A CANDIDATE LOST' WORTHY AND OF UING THE PRIZE TO THE EATEST EFFECT.

>> SCOTT LONDON, THANKS VERY MUCH.

>> THA YOU VERY MUCH.

>> Lehrer: AND TO JUDY WOOUFF.

>> Woodruff:ND FOR REACTION TO TODAY'S NEWS, WE TURN TO TWO LONG TIME FOREIGN LICY MAKERS AND TCHERS. ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI SERVEDS NATIONAL SECURITY ADSER TO PRESIDENT CARTER AND IS NOA COUNSELOR AT THE CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTEATIONAL STUDIES. AND WALTER RUSSELL MEAD ISHE HENRY SSINGER SENIOR FELLOW AT THE COUNCIL ON FOREIGNELATIONS ANAUTHOR OF SEVERAL BOOKS ON U.S. DIPLOMACY. THANK YOU BOTH FOREING WITH US. DrBRZEZINSKI, I'M GOING TO START WI YOU, WHAT WAS YOUR RCTION? WELL, I FEEL HE DEFITELY DESERVED IT, BUT HE ALSO HAS TO EARN IT.

>> Woodruff: DEFINELY DESERVED I, WHY.

>> BUT ALSO HAS TO EARN IT. HE DERVED ITBECAUSE IN THE COURSE OF LESS TAN A YEAR REALHAS REFINED AMERICA'S RELATIONSHIP WH THE WORLD. HEHAS GRANDLY IMPROVED AMERICA'S IMAGE IN THE WORLD. HE HAS COMMITTED AMECA TO A SERIES OF POLICS DESIGNED TO ROLVE CONFLT AND TO DEAL IN A NONUNION LATERAL FASHION WTH THE SUES. AND HE HAS CMITTED AMERICA TO GRAND GOALS I THE AREA OF NUCLEAR WEAPONRY, GLOBAL PROBLEMS ANDO FORTH. YOU KNOW, YOU CONSIDER THA THIS HAS TAKEN ACE IN THE COUR OF JUST SERAL MONTHS, THAT'S A TREMENDOUS COMPLISHMENT FOR THE MOST POWERFUL STA IN THE WORLD, TO HAV A TTAL POSTURE CHANGE, REDEFINED, IMPROVED, MO IALISTIC.

>> Woodruff: WALTER RUSSELL MEAD, WHAT WAS YOUR ACTION?

>> WELL, WAS THRIED. IT'S A WONDERFUL TRIBUTE TO PRESIDENT OBAMA A I THINK ALSO IT SAYSOMETHING ABOUT THE STANDINGF THE UNITED STATES IN THE WORL NOT SIMPLY AS Dr. BRZEZINSKI SAID, THAT PEOPLE HAVE SEEN A ANGE IN OUR POSTURE. BUT I THINK IT'S ALSO TRUE THAT IN SPITE OF WHAA LOT OFEOPLE HAVE SAID TT THE U.S. IS IN DECLINE, THATOUR INFLUENCIS GONE, IT SUGGESTS THAT A ESIDENT OF THE UNITED STAS STILL HAS A UNIQUE ROLE IN SETTING THE GLOBAL AGENDA D THE GLOBAL TIME. NOW ESIDENT OBAMA D WIN THIS AS SOME PEOPL HAVE INTED OUT ON A DAY WHEN HE'S FIGHTING TWO WA, ONE IN AFGHANISTA, ONE IN IRAQ AND ACTUALLY THE U.S. TODAY JUST BOMD THE MOON IN ORDER TO LOOK FOR WATER ON THE SURFE OF THE MOO SO IIS,HINK, A TESTIMONY TO THE HOPE AT PEOPLE HAVE ABOUT ERE THINGS MAY BE GNG. AND M SURE THAT THE COMMITTEE THOUGHT THAT THIS WAS A WAY OF TTING SOME WIND INT OBA'S SAILS I HOPE IT WORK

>> DO YOU AGREE WITH WHAT Dr. BRZINSKI SAID THOUGH, TH HE DESERVES IT CAUSE OF WHAT HEHAS DONE SO FAR?

>> I WOULD SAY HE DESERVES IT MORE BEUSE WHAT HE HAS DO SO FAR COULDEAD IN A VERY INTERTING DIRECTION. I THINK IT WOUL BE BETTER, PROBABLYIF HE HAD GOTTEN THE PRIZE LATERWITH A COUPLE MORE AIEVEMENTS. T ON THE OTHER HAND, SUPPOSE IT ALL WOS OUT AND IN A COUPLE OF YEARSTHINGS E REALLY ON A MUCH BETTER FOOTG AROUND THE WORLD. THE NOBELRIZE COMMITTEE WILL LOOK PRESCIENT. ON THE OTHER HA IF HIS PEACE INITIATIS BOG DOWN OR THINGS BEGIN GO POORLY IN EITHER IRAQ OR AFGHANISTAN, THEN THE NTRAST BETWEEN THI GREAT GLITTERING PRIZE AND A FOIGN POLICY THAT COULD BE DISARRAY WILL LOOK BAD. SO IT A HOSTAGE TO FORTE. BUT PRIDENT OBAMA SOAR HAS BEEN LUCKY. AND AT'S A VERY IMRTANT QUALITY IN A PRESIDENT. SOME OF OUR PREDENTS HAVE BEEN SMART OTHEPRESIDENTS HAVE BEEN LUCKY. AND THERE'S NO DOUBTHAT LUCK ISBETTER. AND HERE WE HAVE PRESIDENT OA RIGHT AFTER TH PENHAGEN THING, YOUNOW, IT LOOKED LI HE HAD LOST SOME MOMENTUM.Dr NOW ALONG COMES TH NOBEL PRIZE COMMITTEE, ONCE AGAIN HE'SHE BRITEST STAR IN THE GLOBA POLITICAL --. >>oodruff: WE HEARD THE PRESIDENT SAY HE WL TAKE THIS AS AALL TO ACTION, WHAT WILL IT ACTUALLY HELP HIM ACCOMPLISH

>> I RALLY MEANT IT WHEN I SAID HE DERVED IT BUT ALSO HAS TO EARN IT. INHE SENSE THATHEAS REPOSITIONED THE UNID STAT BUT HE STILL HAS THE OBLIGATION TO FULFILL THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE GOALS THAT HE HAS SET IN MD. ANI THINK THIS WILL HE HIM ENORMOUSLY BEUSE IT GIVES ADDED PRESTIGE HIS WORDS, TO THE HOPES HEAS ARTICULATED. IT PUTS CREDENCE HIND HIS COMMMENT. AND THINK IT HELPS HIM T ARGUE WITHENUINE TERNATIONAL LEGITIMACY THAT THE COURT -- COURSE ON WHICH HE HAS EMBARKED EITHE INHE ISRAELI PALESTINIAN PEE PROCESS OR VIS-VIS E -- IRON OR THE GLOBAL ISSUES IS A COURSE THAT BEFITS NOT ONLY THE UNITED STATES,HE AMERIN NAONAL INTEREST BUT ULTIMATELY BENEFITS HUMANITY. AT HELPS THEM. FOR EXAMPLE, NOW, IFOU TAKE SOME INITIATIVE, TO MOVE THINGS FORWARD, IN WHAT IS CURRENTLY STALEMATED, THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN PEACE PROCESS WILL BE DOG IT WITH ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY, THIS ADDITIONAL INTERNATIOL EXPECTATION TH HE MOVES FORWARD. AND THEREBY HE WILL NOTNLY AFFIRM THEACT THATOU DESERVE , BUT HE WILL BE ADDITIALLY EARNING IT.

>> Dr. MEAD, WLD YOU AGREE WITH THAT I MEAN SPECIFICALLY DOES HELP HIM DEALING WITH E FLB IN AFGHISTAN, DEALING WITH THE IRANIAN LEADERS?

>> I THINK YOUOINT THOSE PLUS THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN PROBM IS PROBABLY THE THE MOST URGENT WE FACE. AND I THK IN ALL REE OF THOSE CASES I DON'T THINK IT HELPHIM MUCH IN THAT WE, YOU KNOW, HAMAS AND THE TLB HAVE ALREADY DENOUNCED THE PRIZE. THE ISRAIS TENDOT TO ON THE WHOLE BE THAT IMPRESSED BY THE PRIZES. SO THISORE IPROVES THE MOSPHERICS. BUT TERMS OF THE TOUG RGAINING THE IRANIAN MULLAHS DON' PARTICULAR THINK AT THIS COMMITTEE OF INFIDELS I NORWAY HAS ANY GREAT MOL STANDING, IZES VE BEEN GIVEN TO IRANIAN DISSIDENTS THAT DOEST IMPRESTHEM. ON THE OER HAND, IT MAY WELLTRENGTHEN SOME OF THE FORCES OF DEMOCRACY I IRAN SEE TH THERE HAVE MORE REASON TO SEE THEMSELVES AS PART OA WORLDWIDE MOVEMENT. BUT I THINK WHEN IT COM TO THE TOUGH BRGAINING WITH TOUGH GOVERNMENTS AND THE GUERRILLA WARS, TH IS GOING TO BE NOT THEBIGGEST CONCRETE BST FOR THEM.

>> HOW DYOU SEE IT HELPING IN IRAN.

>> IRAI THINK IS A DIFFERENT WAYS. I THINK ISRAEL-PALESTINIAN ITOES HELP,IT HELPS BECAUSE ISRAEL IS NOT AN ISLAND. ISOLED FROM THE WORLD. ISRAELI PUBLIC ONION IS PART OF THE GLOBAL OPINION. ERE IS A SENSE THAT IF THE INTERNATNAL COMMUNITY, THE UNIT STATES, IS ENDOWED WITHORAL THORITY, BEYOND THE PRESIDENT'S PERSONAL PRESS FEELING OR INSTITUTIONAL PRESTI OF HIS PRESIDENCY, REALLY HELPS THE EFFORT. I THINK JU MAKES IT PART OF A GENERAL SURGE WORLDWIDE TOWAS THE RESOLUTIONF ME OF THESE ISSUES. NOWHEN YOU SIT DOWN AND NEGOTIATE WITH THE IRANIANS, OBVIOUSLIT IS GOING TO AFFE THE NEGOTIATIONS. BUIT STI GIVESHEU.S. POSITION, THE FACT THAT THE U.S. I ENGAGED IN THE PEACE PROCESS, THE FACT THAT THE U.S. IS NOOMETHING THAT THATENS MILITARY ACTION. ADTIONAL INTERNATIONAL LEGITIMACY. AND THAT IS NOT TO BE DISREGARDED.

>> Woodruff: I S SOME COMMTARY TODAY WAER RUELL MEAD THAT IT COULD TUALLY DO SOME HARM THAT THIS COULD JUST RAISE EXPECTATIONS SO HIGH THAT THE PRESIDENT OR NO PRESIDENT COULD ULTIMATELY FULFILL.

>> THAT'S EN A PROBLEM THAT PRESIDENTBAMA HAS FACED ALL ALONG. I'M NOSURE THAT THIS MAK MUCH WORSE. HE'S RALLY CAME IN AS THIS LARGER-THAN-LIFE FURE AND AS WE KNOW IN THE RECENT WEEKS PEOP HAVE SAID WELL MAYBE 'S NOT SOP MUCH LARGERHAN-LIFE, WE'V ALREY BEEN THROUGH A COUPLE OF CYCLESMAYBE, OF OVER EXCIMENT AND THEN OVERDISILLUSIONMENT WI OA. I THINK WHAT WE AND T ESIDENT ARE ALLOING TO HAVE TO DO IS TOET USED TO THIS DAY-TO-DAY GRIND OFHE PRESIDENT TRYING TO MAKE FOREIGN LICY IN A TOUGH WORLD. AND W NEED GIVE HIM ALL THE SUPPORT THAT WE CANAND RTAINLY THE PRAYERS AND BEST WISHES THAT HE CAN MAKE ENOU PROGRESS ON PEACE S THAT NO ONE WILL AUE WITH THIS PEACE PRIZE. >>r. BRZEZINI, IF YOU ARE PRESIDENT O -- OBAMA, WHAT DO YODO WITH THIS?

>> WELL, FIRST OF ALL I FEEL HONORED IF I WERE HIM. HE ALSO WRITES AND SS THAT THE HONOR SHARED WIT ALL AMERANS. BUT BEYOND THAT, IT'S A KIND OF HISTORICAL REMINDER TO HIM TO STAON COURSE. YOKNOW, IT'S N GOING TO BE EASY MOVE FORWARD O MOST OF THESE ISSU. THERARE GOING TO BE MOMENTS OF DISAPPOINTMENT, DISILLUSIONMT, SOME OF HIS INITIATIVE GRSINTO BE DENOUNCED. E ISRAELI FOREIGN MINISTER SAID YESTERDAY THAT HIS QUEST FOR PEACE IS AN LUSION. THIS GIV HIM AN ADDED DOSE OF HISTORICAL CONFINCE. AND LITTLE NUDGE STICK WITH IT. DOT GIVE UP ON THE FACE OF DIFFICULTI. PERSIST CAUSE YOUR COUE ISIGHT. I THINK TH'S VERY IMPORTANT TO EVERY HUM ING. AND PARTICULARLY SOMNE WHO CAN FIND HIMSELF SUDDENLY BELEAGUERED, AS TO SME EXTENT OMA IS BOMING DOMESTICALLY ANDAYBE INTERNATIONALLY. SO IT IS A FURTHER BOOST, IT IS AIND OF FOOTNOTE HIS PLACE IN HISTORY.

>> Woodruff: RUSSELL MEAD, FINAL WORD, WH SHOULD HE DO WITH THIS? ERE SHOULD HE TAKE IT?

>> WELL, I THINK HE PROBAY SHOULD TRY TO DAMN EXPECTATIONS. HE'S THE THIRD AFRICAN-AMERICAN TO RECEIVE A NOBEL PAEZ PRIZE. MARTINUTHER KING DI IN 1964, RALPH BUNCH WASHE FIRST IN 1950. HE GOT IT FOR HIS WORK ON THE AB ISELI PEACE PROCESS. SO THAT IS ALMOS WHAT, 60 YEARS AGO. IT MAY BE THAT PATICE IS THE MOST IMPTANT QUALITY THIS PRESIDENTS GOING TO HAVEO HAVE GOING FORWARD UNITED TODETERMINATION.

>> Wdruff: GENTLEMEN, THANK YOU BOTH. WALTER RUSSELL MEAD IN N YORKND ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI IN WASHITON, THANK YOU.

>> Lrer: ON OUR WEBSITE NEWSHOUR.PBS.ORG WE HAVE INTERVIEW WITH HTORIAN PENIEL JOPH ABOUT THE OTHER U.S. PRESIDENTS WHO WON THEEACE PRIZE. ALSO ONLINE, YOU C FIND LINKS TO SRIES ABOUT THE AWARD FROM AROUND THE WORLD.

>> Lehrer: NEXT NIGHT, THE INVESTATION OF A POWERFUL MEMBER OF CONGRESS. NEWSHOUR CONESSIONAL CORRESPOENT KWAME HOLMAN PORTS.

>> Holman: NEW YK DEMOCRAT ARLES RANGEL HAS REPRESENTED S HARLEM DISTRICT FOR 40 YEARS. HEHAIRS THE TAX WRITING WAYS ANMEANS COMMITTEE AND WAS A FOUNDING MEMBER OFHE CONGRESSIONAL BLACK CAUCUS BUT NCE LAST SUMMER, WHAT STARTED AS A TRICKLE OF HICS QUESTIONHAS BECOME A TORRENT OF ACCUSATIONS OF FINANCIA MISCONDUCT. THE REVELATIONS HAVE LED PUBLICANS TO TRY TO OUST RANGEL FROM HIS CHAIRMSHIP. THE THIRD AND MOST RECENT ATTEMPT CAME WEDNEAY. JOHN CARTER OF TEXAS INTRODUD THE RESOLUTIONREADING ALL NINE GES AND MORE THAN 2,000 WORD OF IT.

>> REPRESENTATIVE NGEL ACKNOWLEDGEDIS FAILURE TO PAY OR TO PUBLICLY DISCLOSE AT LST HA A MILLION DOLLARS IN CASH ASSETS, TENS OTHOUSANDS OF DOLLS IN INVESTMENT INCOME, AND HIOWNERSHIP OF TWO PIECES PROPERTY IN NEW JERSEY,

>> Holman: DEMOCRA IN THE HOUSE BLOCKED THAT EFFORT D INSTEAD REFERR THE MATTER TO THE ETHICS COMMITTEE WHICH BEGAN INSTIGATING RANGEL LAST SEPTEMBER THEN YESTERDAY, THE ETHICS COMMITTEE ANNOUNCEIT WAS EXPANDING S PROBE TO INCLUDE UPDATED FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE FORMS HE FILED IN GUST. THOSE SHOWED RANGEL D FAILED TO REPORMORE THAN $660 OUSAND DOLLARS IN ASSETS DURING 2007. THE NGRESSMAN'S FINANCES FIRST CAME UNDER SCRINY LAST JULY, WH IT WAS REPORTED THAT HE HAD BROKEN NEW YORK CI RULES BY LEASING FOUR RENCONTROLLED APARTMENTS, CLUDING ONE HE US AS A CAMPAIGN OFFICE. RANGEL SAID THE TIME THERE S NOTHING IMPROPER ABOUT THE ARRANGEMENT.

>> I DON'T SEE ANYTHINUNFAIR ABOUT IT AND I DIDN'T EVEN KW IT WAS A DEAL, THE ARE SO MANY PEOPLE THAT HAVE COMHERE AND THEY'VE TAKEN TWO APARTMTS MADE INTO ONE AND I REAL BELIE THAT IF I COULD FIND THE SAME KIND OF SPACENYPLACE IN MY BELOVED HARLEM, IID NOT NEGOTIATE, I DID NOTSK FOR A LOWER PRICE, AND I'M PAYING E LEGAL RENT, NOW CAUSE ITS GOODEAL, THAT'S SOMETHING ELSE.

>> Holman: FOR NOW, NGEL COINUES TO HOLD HIS INFLUENTIAL POSITION IN THE HOUSE, AND SO FAR THERE'S SIGN HE'S ABOUT LOSE IT. AMY WALTERF THE NATIONAL JONAL'S "HOTLINE" SAYS IT'S MOREONVENIENT FOR LAWMAKERS TO TAKE A WAIT AND SEE PROACH, RATHER TN ACT NOW.

>> IT'S ABOUT THE SYSTEMIS REALLY THE EASST WAY TO SAY THIS, WHICH IS, THE MEERSHIP LIKES TO PTECT ITS OWN. TIL THEY HAVE SOMETHING IN HA TO SAY THERE ARE CLEAR ISSU HERE, WHICH IS WHY THEY PUT IT TO THE ETHICS COMMITT TO DO THATOR THEM, THEY'RE GOING TO WAIT UNTIL E ETHICS COMMITTEE GIVES EM A REASON TO REMOVEIM OR NOT TO REMOVE HIM. Holman: STILL, THE ESTIONS SURROUNDING RANGELOULD PUT HIS PARTIN A TOUGH SPOT. DEMOCRATS REGAINED CTROL OF THHOUSE IN 2006 PROMISING TO END THE "CULRE OF CORRUPTION" ONAPITOL HILL, FOLLOWING A SERIES OF REPUBLICAN SNDALS. TH SPEAKER-IN-WAITING NANCY PELOSI ISSUED THIS DLARATION THE DAY TER THE MIDTERM ECTIONS.

>> THIS W DEMOCRATIC MAJORITY HAS HEARD THE VOICES OF E AMERICAN PEOPL THEY SPOKE OUT FOR A NEW DIRECTION TO BRING IEGRITY, INGRITY BACK TO WASHINGTON. AND WE WILL MAKE THITHE MOST HONEST, HICAL AND OPEN CORESS IN HISTORY.

>> Holman: BUT, BY ALLOWING RANGEL TO NTINUE IN HIS POST, HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADEJOHN BOEHNER CONTENDS PELI HAS FAILED TO VE UP TO HER PROME.

>> THIISSUE IS NOT GOING TO GO AWAY. EN I TOOK CONTROL AS REPUBLICAN LEADER, IAS GOING TO HOLD R MEMBERS TO A HIGHER STANDARD. IT IS ME FOR PELOSI, WHO PROMED TO DRAIN THE SWAMP, TO HAVE THEOST ETHICAL CONGRESS TO DATE, TO DO WHAT SHE OMISED TO DO.

>> Holman: LOONG TO TAKE VANTAGE OF THE SITUATION, PUBLICANS ARE USING RANGEL I A CAAIGN AD TARGETING DEMOCRAT STEVE KAGEN IN WISCOIN.

>> STEVE KEN FOUND A FRIEND IN CORRUPT NEYORK CITY CONGREMAN CHARLIE RANGEL. KAGEN TOOK $16,000 FROM RANG, AND VOTED TO SPEND $2 LLION OF YOUR TAX DOLLARSN A PERSONAL OFFI AND LIBRARY FOR RANGEL.

>> Holman: REPUBCANS AREN'T THE LY ONES PRESSURING RANGEL AND THE DEMOCRATS. SOME EDITOAL PAGES INCLUDING THE "NEW YORK TIMES" HAVE CAED ON RANGEL TO SP DOWN. TODA THE TIMES EDITORIAL PAGE WENT FURTHER, GUING "MR. RANGEL ACCUMULATING MISSTEPS AND MS. PELOSI'S REFUSALO FORCE HIM TO SP ASIDE ONLY COMPND THE SPECTACLE." WALTER SAYS RANGEL'S TUBLES COULD, INDEED, HURT THE DEMOCRATS IN THE 2010 MIDTER, IF THE ETHICS COMMITTEE INVESTIGATION DRAGOUT.

>> THE MORTIME THAT PASSES THOUT AN ETHICS REPORT BECOM PROBLEMATIC FOR MOCRATS. THIS IS NOW ACHING THE POINT WHERIT'S SORT OF SIMMERING, IT'S STARTING TO BL, AND THE ONLY WAY TPUT THIS FIRE OUT IS TO BABLE HAVE AN ETHICS COMMITTEE REPORT IN HAND A MAKE SOME ACTIONASED ON THAT REPO. SO IF I WERE A DEMOCRAT SIING IN CONGRESS GHT NOW, ESPECILY A VULNERABLE INCUMBENT, I WOULD WANTHIS ETHI REPORT TO BE DONE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE, I WOULDT WANT IT TO BE TTING OUT THERE CH LONGER.

>> Holman: SFAR, THOUGH, THERE IS NO INDICATION OF WHEN THE ETHICS COMTTEE WILL WRAP UP ITS WORK ON THE RANGEL MATTE

>> Lehrer: AND TO THE ANALYS OF BROOKS AND MAUS. NEW YORK TIMES COLUMST DAVID BROOKS A WASHINGTON POST LUMNIST RUTH MARCUS. MA SHIELDS IS AWAY TONIGHT. >>HARE YOUR VIEWS ON THE ARLIE RENGEL THING.

>> I AGREE WITH MY EDITORIAL BOARD WHICH IS ACTLLY KIND RARE, NO, HE SHOULD STEP DOWN, CERTAINLAS CHAIRMAN OF THE WAYS A MEANS. WHETHER OTR DEMOCRATS, THE GUY HAS TO LOOK HIMSF IN THE MIRROR IN THE MORNING. HE BASICALLY IS WRITES THE TACODE, HAS THE MOST POWERFUL JOB INHE COUNTRY FOR WRITING THE TAX DE. HE KEEPS DISVERING 500,000 HE OR THERE, APARTMENTS, DOMINICAN RENTAL PROPERTY T IS JUST ONE THING AFTER ANOTHER. HE JUSDOESN'T HELP THE TEGRITY OF THE COUNTRY, FAITH IN CONGRESS, FAI IN THE INSTITUTION. THERE SHOULD BE SOME PERSONAL STANDARDS TO SAY THIS IS NOT GOOD. I GOT TO ST DOWN.

>> PERSONAL STANDARD IHE IS THE CHAIRMAN AND HE'S NOT VING THAT UP. BECAUSE HE IS AN INCREDIBLY POWERFUL FIGURE. HIS POWERCTUALLY IS ONLY GOING TO GET GREATER NEXT YEAR WHEN NOT ONLY -- BECAUSE NOT ONLY DOE HE HAVE JURISDICTION OVER ALTH CARE IN PART, BUT WE'RGOING TO HAVE TDEAL WITH THEXPLORATION OF THE BUSH TAX CUTS. ANWHO IS GOING TO BAT THE CENTRE OF THAT IF HE IS STILL CHRMAN. AND I SOMEWHAT SUECT HE WILL BE, CHARLIE RANL. SOHAT DO YOU THINK OF AMY'S POINT THAT THE DEMOCRS ARE THE ONES WHO REALLY HAVE OBLEM HERE, STAYING WITH HIM, DO YOU THINK -- DO YOU AGREE TH THAT?

>> WELL, IT DOESN'T HELP. MEAN EACH PARTY HAS ITS CROSS TOEAR, RIGHT. THE REPUBCANS SEEM TO BE SPECIALIZING THESEAYS IN SEX SCANDS AND ID OFF MISTRESSS. TH DEMOCRATS SEEM BE SPECIALIZING IN ILL-TTEN CASH AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS. IT IS NOT A GOOD THING WHEN THE CHAIRMAN OF YOUR TAX RANG COMMITTEE HAS TAX PROBLEMS,AN'T GET HIS FINANCIAL-DISCLOSU FORMS STRAIG. IT'S ALSO NOT GOOD THING WHEN YOUR PRESSURE -- TREASURY SECRETARYAS TAX OBLEMS. AND IT WL BE USED AGAINST DEMOCRATS. ISHAT THE BGGEST PROBLEM THEY'RE GOING TO HAVE 10? PROBABLY NOT. IS THE ETHICS COMMITTEE REPORT GOING TO BE DONE? NOBODY SULD EVER BET ON QUIC ACTION FROM THE ETHICS COMMITTEE.

>> SO YOU THINK HE'S GOING TO -HE WILLUR VIV THIS

>> THAT WAS A PRETTY ISTERING TIMES EDITORIAL THIS MORNING. "THE WHINGTON POST" EDITORIAL BOARD BOARD WHICH I PPEN TO AGR WITH BECAUSE I'M PT OF IT.

>> AND ONE OF YOUR FLOW COLUIST ALSO TOOK A SUMMER POSITION, JIM ROBINSON.

>> RIGHT, THAT'S - THAT ADDS TO HIS DISCOMFORT. IT AS TOHE DISCOMFORT THAT SE OF HIS COLLEAGUES MAY FEEL. BUT STILL THINK IT'S GING TAKE A LOT TO DISLODGE HIM. Lehrer: DAVID? I AGREE WITH THAT LOGISTICALLY. HE IS THE CHAIRM OF THE WAYS & MEANS COMMITTEE. HE CTROLS PROBABLYTHE ST POWERFUL LVERS OF MONEY. AT MEANS TO GET HIM OUT, BASICALLY A WHOLE OUP OF PEOPLE, HIS COLAGUES HAVE TO BALK INTOIS OFFICE AND SAY IT'S TIME FOR YOU TO GO.

>> Lehrer: INCLUNG THE SPEAR, RIGHT.

>> PROBABLY. BUT SUPPOSE TH COUP FAILS? THEN YOU HAVE JUST IENATED ONE THE MOST POWERFUL PEOPLEN YOUR CAUC. SO I WOULD TAKE THE PRIDENT OR SOMEBODY LIKE THAT TREALLY PORTION HIM. IT WOULD TAKE GIANT CONSPIRACY. ANTHEY PROBABLY DNOT WANT TO HA THAT KIND OF FIGHT. BUT I WOULD SAY, I THINK PRESIDENT AMA SHOULD THINK SERIOUY ABOUT IT. IT'S VERY HARD TO GO AGAINST YOUR OWN CHAIRMAN. THAT IS ALYS A PROBLEM BUT THINK IT'S GOING TO BE A SIGNIFICANT PROBLEM IN 2010 BECAUSE PEOPLE HAVE PEOPLE TAKE ESE SCANDALS WHICH MAY NOT THE BIGGEST ISSUES, BUT THEY SEEHEM AS SYMPTOMS O CONGRESSIOL REIGN OF ERROR. ANDHEY LOOM LARGE IN ELECONS. I WAS OUTN YAKAMA, WASHINGTON A COUPLE OF WEEKS AGO. D PEOPLE WERE TALKING ABOUT THE GOVERNMENT. AND ONE OF THE THINGS LEFT OUT THIS GROUP OF PEOPLE I WAS VING BREAKFAST WAS WAS TIM QUITENER NOT PING TAXES. THIS WAS A HUGE SUE. D FOR REASONS IT SMS LIKE THO PEOPLE OPERATE BY DIFFERENT LES. AND IT DOES HAVE I THINK A MUCH LARGE AFFECT THAN WE MIGHT THINK.

>> Lehrer: AND Y THINK THE PRESIDENT, N JUST THE SPEAKER BUT THE PRIDENT NEEDS TO STEP UP

>> HE'S THE LEADER OF THE PARTY.

>> HE HAD GREAT LUCK WIT DAVID PATERSO HE DIDN'T WANT TO DO THAT AGAIN.

>> THIS IS A SLIGHY BIGGER THAN A NEW YORK GUBERNATORIAL RACE. SO I TNK THIS IS THE SO OF THING CGRESSIONAL PROVAL RATINGS IS PRETTY DISMAL AEADY. THIS IS THSORT OF THING THAT I THINK H A SIGNIFICANT PACT.

>> Lehrer: SPEAKING PRESIDENT OBAMA. WHAT DID YOU MAKE TODAY OF HIS WIING THEOBEL PEACE PRIZE.

>> I WAS STUNNED AND AAZED. AND I HAVE TO SAYHAT I KIND OF AGREE WITH PRIDENT OBAMWHEN HE SD, TO B HOST I DO NOT FEEL THA I SERVE TO BE IN THE COMPANY OF SO MANY TRANSFORMATIONA FIGURES. NEHER DO I. DON'T UNDERSTAND THIS IZE. AND I ACTUALLY, ITHINK IT REFLECTS POORLY ON THE NOBEL COMMITTEE MO THAN IT DOES ON PRESIDENTBAMA WHO I PRESUME DID NOT NOMITE HIMSELF TWO WEEKS TER HE BIM PRESIDENT. D I DON'T THINK IT'S CESSARILY GOOD NEWS FOR PRIDENT OBAMA BECAUSE IT RAISES ALL THOSEUESTIONS ABOUT E CELEBESULT, REMEMBER JOHN McCAIN'S AD, VERY DISGUSD, WHATAS HE ACTUALLY DE. HE WAS BEING LPOONED ON "SATURY NIGHT LIVE" JUSA FEW WEEKS A FOR NOT HAVING DO ANYTHING. AND NOW HE GETS THI PRIZE R WHAT. AND YOU KNOW, WHAT IS HE GOING TO TOP IT WITH NEXT YEAR. WHAT'S NEXT?

>> Lehr: DAVID?

>> MY RST REACTION IS HE SHOU HAVE WON ALL THE PRES BECAUSE HE HAS GEN SPEECHS ABOUT PEACE AND ECONOMIC, LITERATURE, HE WROTA BOOK, HE HAS BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS INI BODY. HE COULD HAVE SPT THE WHE PRIZES. IT'S SORT OF A JOKE.

>> Lehrer: AOKE?

>> YEAH, ABIT OF TRA VESTY. IRANIANEOPLE ARE - PROTESTING, RISKING THEIR LIVERS ON THE STREET TO DO SOTHING, PEOPLE IN ORGANIZATIONS DECA AFTER CADE RISKING THEIR LIVES WHO NEED PLICITY BOOST. AND TH IDEA THAT HWOULD WIN IT WI FIVE NORWEGIANS, ME IT SOMETHING OF A KE. AND I DO THINK IT WILL HURT HIM. THE LA THING HE NEE NOW IS TO BETREATED AS THE GLOBAL M. OPLE WANT HIM PAYING ATTENTION TOOCAL ISSUES. AND I PERSONAY THINK IT WOULD VE BEEN CERTALY DRAMATIC AND MAYBE THE RIGHT THING TO DO TO TURN IT DOWN, TO SAY LISTEN --.

>> Lehrer: HOW COULD HE THAT.

>> PEOPLE DO IT.

>> LIKE MARLONRANDO N ING TO THE ACADEMY AWARDS.

>> Lehrer: TAKE A GO 30 SECONDS D WRITE THE SPEECH WHAT WOULD HE SAY.

>> HE COULSAY, LISTEN, I N'T DESERVE IT HE ALREADY SAID THAI SOME DAY HOPEO DESERVE IT. BUT THIS IS N SOTHING THAT I HAVE MERITED Y. AND I AM A HUMBLE PERN. AM AWARE OF WHO I AM AND WHAT I HAVE ACHIEVE -- ACHIEVED SO FAR AND SO FAR DON'T THINK I ENED THIS. >>ehrer: WOULD YOU WRITE THE SAME SPEECH.

>> NO, B I WOULD LOVTO HEAR IT. WOULDN THAT HAVE BEEN FUN. YOU HAVE TO THINK, I HAVE BEEN MANAGING ALL DAIWA WAS GOING THROUGH PRESIDENT OBAMA'S HE WHEN HIS PRESS SECRETARY ROBE GIBBS CALLED H THIS MORNING AN PROBABLY SAID BOSS, Mr. PRESIDENT, YOU ARE NOT GOING TO BELIEVE THIS. YOU JUSTWON THE NOBEL PEACE IZE AND SORT OFELBOWING CHELLE OBAMA SAYING GUES WHAT.

>> Lehrer: BUT WT ABOUT WHAT BRZEZINSKI AND MEAD SAID, THAT THERE IS AN AN AS OPERATIONAL ELEMENT TOHIS THAT COULDEALLY BE HELPFUL. YOU CLEARLY DOT BUY THAT?

>> WELL, NO. I DOT. I, THE NOBEL PCE PRIZE ISN'T LIKE PEEWEE SCER WHERE EVERYBY GETS A NICE TROPHY FOR TRYIN HARD AND BEING PART OFTHE TEA I THINK WHE YOU GI AN AS OPERATIONAPRIZE YOU GIVE IT TOA GROUP, PERHAPS WHOSE WO YOU WANT TO PROMOTE, WHICH NEEDS A PUSH TO GETO WHERE IT NDS TO GO. BUT TO GIVE IT TO THE PRESIDENT. AND LOOK, IESPECT THE PRESIDENT, IIKE THE PRESIDENT, SUPPORT THE PRESIDENT. I WOULD LIKE TO SEE HIM ACHIEVE ALL THE THING THAT HE WON THE PAES PRIZE FOR WAING TO ACHIEVE. T I WOULD LIKE TOCTUALLY E SOME A INVEST -- ACHIEVEMENT.

>> THEY ARE NOT E NORWEGIANS FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION, THEYRE NOT A POLITICAL ACTION COMTTEE THIS RESUPPOD TO BE ABOV POLITICS, ABOVE CAE MONGERING CELEBRATING GENUINE ACCOMPSHMENTS BUT OVER THE LT FEW YEARS AND MAYBE REVER IT IS NADLY POLITIL PRIZE MEANT TO SEND POLITICAL MESSAGES

>> Lehrer: SO YOU DON'BUY THE IDEAGAIN THAT THIS COULD LP THE PREDENT WORK ON THE IRANIAN SITUATION, WORK ON T MILE EAST PEACE SITUATION, ET CETERA, ET CERA.

>> DO I SEE AHMADINEJAD, OH, WELL, HE WON THE NOBEL, THAT'S ANOTHER MATTER OR T TALIBAN? NO, HE HAD MEETINGS TODAY. IN MEETIS ABOUT AFGHANISTAN. THERE ARE MEETINGS AUT HOW MANY TROOPS, WT PARTS OF AFGHAN WE CAN CONTRO, WHETHER THE GOVERNME THERE IS ANYTHING WE CAN WORK WITH. THESE ARE THE ACTUAL IUES THAT HE IS GOING PHASE. WHAT FIVE NORWEGIANSELIEVE WILL HAVENO EFFECT

>> Lehrer:OVING RIGHT ALONWHAT ABOUT HEALTH CARE. THIS WAS CONSIDERED BY THE PUNDITS AT LEAST UP UNL TH POINT, AND I WL ASK THE TWO OFOU IFYOUGREE, WAS TH A POSITIVE WEEK FOR THOSE WHO FAVOR HEALTH-CARE REFORM BECAUSE OTHE BAUCUS COMMITTEE AND THINGS SEEM TO BEOVING, WHAT YOU THINK?

>> IT WAS ACTUALLY AVERY POSITIVEUICK. IN SOME WAYS THE MOST POSITIVE WK YET FOR HEALTH-CARE REFORM FIRSTHERE WAS A VERY KIFERABLE ORE FOR CBO WHICH AS YOU KNOW WALL LIVE ANBUY BY CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OICE SCORES. AND IT SAID THE BAUCUS BILL AS CHAED CONTINUES TO BE NOT JUST DEFICIT NEUTRALUT THE WAY IT'S CONSTRUCTED TO ACTUALLY ALGEDLY SAVE MONEOVER THE FIRST TEN YES, ANDORE IMPORTANT, TO BE ON A TRAJECTO TO SAVE EVEN MORE MONEY IN THE FOLLOWS YEARS AND T TO BE A BA BUSTING NEW ENTITLEMENT. THERE IS GOING TO BE VOTE ON TUESDAY. THE BILL WILL PASS INHE SENATE FINANCE COMMITTEE, THE ONLY REAL DRAMA THERE IS WHETR OR NOT OLYMPIA SNOWE WI VOTE FOR IT. IT WILL PROBABLY GETLL THE DEMOCRATIC VOTES. THERE WAS ONE VERY WORRISOME SIGN THIS WEEK ALLHE SO OF SENSE OF WOW, THIS REALLY COULD MOVE. WHICHS ABOUT HALF THE DEMOCRATS IN T HOUSE FND, MAYBE EVEN MORE THAN HALF, GNED A LETTER SAYING THAT THEY WOULD OPPOSE TE KIND OF TAX ON HIGH VALUE INSURANCE PLANS.

>> THE CADLAC PLAN.

>> THE SOALLED CADILLAC PLANSMENT THEY MIGHT COVER EVENTUALLY SOM--

>> OLDSMILE.

>> THOSE AR GONE. THAT THEY WOULD OPPOSE THAT KIND OTAX. THIS COULD BE AN EVEN MORE DIFFICULT OBSTACLEO SURMOUNT THAN THE GUMENT OVER THE PBLIC PLAN. BECAUSE THE PUBLIC PLAN YOU COULKIND OF FISSE AND CALL SOMETHING PUBLIC PLAN EVEN IF IT IS NOTIONAL. BUT YOHAVE TO HAVE THE MONEANDBO SCORES TS ALSO AS HAVING AN IMPACT ON COST. AND IT'S DISAGREEME OVER THERE THERE LL BE A BIG PROBLEM.

>> Lehrer: WHAT IS YOUR READING.

>> CERTAINLY WAS A GOOD WEEK. THE BAUCUS PELE EARN THE THE SCORE. THEY RAISED TACKS ON A BUNC OF PEOPLE INCLING THE MIDDLE CLA. THEY REALLY DICUT MDICARE BENEFI AND SO THEY EARNED IT. IT'S NOT TOTALLY BALDS HE WASHINGTON POST" EDITORIAL INTED OUT BUT IT'S PTTY SERIOUS AS A FISCAL MATTER. AND SO THAT THAT EARN IT SOMEESPECT. AND NOW RUTH SUGGESTS WHAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN W IS SORT OF THE EATING AY THATISCAL RESPONSIBITY IN ORDER TO SUBSIDIZE MORE PEOPLE AND COVER MORE PEOE. AND SO THE QUTION WILL BE HOW R WILL IT DRIFT AAY FR FISCALESPONSIBLE. AND I JUST WISH THERWERE SOME MORATE REPUBLICANS ACTUAL AT THE TABLE, THERE ARE BASICALLY NONE. MAYBE OLYMPISNOWE. BUT IF YOU HAD A GROUP OF MODERATE REPUBLICANS STING THE SAYING OKAY, IT WILL PROBABLY PASS. LET'S MAKE IT GOOD AS POSSIBLE THEN YOU COULD HE SOME COUNTERWEIGHT TO LERALS IN THEIR HOUSE WHO E GOING TO BE WANTING TO COST A LOT MORE.

>> WHY AREHERE NO MODERATE REPUBLICANS AT THE TABLE, DAVID? DO YOU HAVE SIX HOUR FOR ME TO BE A THAT QUESTN. THIS IS A LONG HISTORICAL PROCESS BUT THERE AN'T MORATE REPUBLICANS.

>> BUT THERE ARE A IF YOU BUT THEY AREN'T PLAYING.

>> THERE ARE A COUPLE OF THINGS. ONE IT IS POSED TO BY 80% OF RANK AND FILE REPUICANS, JUST GENERAL. AND TO BE FAIR MOST REPUBLICANS WOULD LIKE TO HAVE CONSUR-BASED DECERALIZED SYSTEM. IS HAS SOME, THE BAUCUS PLAN HAS SOME VIRTUE BUS IT IS VERY NTRALIZED, GIVES A LOT OF POWER TO REGULATORS. IT IS A BIG GOVERNNT PROGRAM. ANSO THEY COULD SAY PHILOSOPHICALLY IFOU HAD A LITTLE CSUMER POWER, I COULD BE WITH U. BUT SINCE YOUEGIVEN REALLY NO CHOICE TO NSUMERS, YOU CENTRALIZED MUCH POWER IN THE GOVERNMENT THAT I JUST CAN'T SUPPORT.

>> AND I WOULD LE TO SEE MORE MODERATE REPUBLICS IN THE SENATE O ANYWHERE. BUT YOU DOT ACTUALLY NEED THEM TO HAVE THE KIND OF PACT THAT DAVID IS LOOKING FOR ON TS HEALTH-CARE BILL BECAUSE U HAVE CONSVATIVE DEMOCRATS. AND AS LONG A YOU HAVE NSERVATIVE DEMOCRAT IN THE SENATE LIKE BEN NELSON AND OTHER SENATORS WHO ARE GOING TO REDUCE -- REFUSE TO GO ALONG WITH WHAT TH HOUSE WANTS, YOU ARE NOT GOING TOE ABLE TO COUNT TO 60 WHICHS WHERE THEY NEED TO GET. AND THAT WILL HAVE THE MITIGATINGFFECT. AND I THINK MY GSS IS IN THE END THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STES IS GOING TO HAVE TO TELL THE LBERAL DEMOCRATS INHE HOUSE OF REESENTATIVES THAT THEY NEED TO SUCK IT UPAND --.

>> Lehre NO PUBLIC PLAN.

>> NO PUBL PLAN, THERE IS GOING TO BE -- TRE IS GOING TO BE SOMETHING THAT THEY CAN CLAIM IS AUBLIC PLAN. THEY'RE GOING HAVE TVOTE FOR SOME KIND OF TAX. AND OR ELSE EY WILL BE BLOWING UP HEALTH CARE. AND I DON'T HINK THAT -- I THINK IN THE END THEY BLINK.

>> I TE BACK, MAYBE HE DESERVES THE NOBEL PACE IZE FOR THAT.

>> Lehrer: WELL,ON THAT NO.

>> NEXT'S YES.

>> Lehrer: NEXT YEAR'SOBEL PEACE PRIZE. THANK YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU

>> Lehrer: FINALLY TIGHT, A DIRECT H ON THE MOON. MARGARET WARNER REPOS FOR OUR SCIENCUNIT. WE'RE WATCHI THE REMAINING FEW SECOS OF THE MISSION, AS WAPPROACH VERY RADLY, THE SURFAC OF THE CRATER.

>> Warner: AS SCIENTTS AT MISSION COROL WATCHED A ROCKET CAREEN TOWARD THE MOON AT ARLY 6,000 MILES HOUR AND HIT -- THIS IS WHAT THEY PECTED TO SEE. A SPECTACULAR SIX-MILEIGH PLUME OF LUN DUST KICKED UP BY THE IMPACT, BIG ENOUGH TBE SEEN BY TELESCES ON EARTH. BUT WHEN THE ROCKET HIT AT 71 IS MORNING, THIS IS WHAT THE WORLD SAW, FOGGY IMAGES,ITH A HARD-TO-DECIPHER WHITE MS. STL, NASA SCIENTISTS HAILED THE MISSION AT THE PSS CONFERENCE AFTWARDS.

>> I CAN CERTAINLY REPORT THE S AN IMPACT, WE SAW THAT IMPACT, WE SAW THE CRAR.

>> Warner: AHONY COLAPRETE IS THE MISSION'S PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR.

>> WE GOT GOOD MEASUREMENT SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMEN, WHICH IS WHAT WE NDED OF THE IMPACTVENT. SO, WE HAVTHE DATA WE NEED TO ACTUALLY ADDRESS THE QUESTNS WE SET OUT TO DRESS.

>> Warner: THE MISSION WAS DESIGNED TO CONFIRM, O WAY OR THE OTHE SCIENTISTS' LONG-HELD SUSPICION, THATHERE IS FROZEN ICE MAYBLOTS OF IT IN THE DARK POLES OF THE MOON. ICE COULD GENERATE WATERND EVEN OXYGEN, A BOON FOR TURE MISSIO TO THE MOON AND BEYOND SAYS FORMER NA SCIENTIST TURNED SPACEEPORTER, KEITH CONG.

>> NOW IF THERE'WATER ON THE MOONA LOT OF WATER, YOU COULD E IT TO MAKE FUEL, WATER TO DRINK, AND AIR TO EATHE. AND EVERY BIT,T'S KIND OF LIKE E OLD TRAINS GOING THROUGH T WEST, THEY'D STOSOMEWHERE. AND IF THEY HAD TO CAR EVERYTHING WITH EM, THEY'D HAVE NROOM FOR PASSENGERS. AND IF STUFF IS THERE, IMAKES IT EASIER D PERHAPS LESS EXPENSIVE TOEND PEOPLE TO GO THE MOON AND TO STAY THERE.

>> Warr: THE IMAGES THAT CAME IN THIS MORNING WERE TEN BY A SECOND SCECRAFT THAT SEPARATED FROM THE ROCKET SHORTLY FORE IT CRASHED. LOADED WITH CAMERAS AND OTR EQUIPMENT, IT EW THROUGH THE DEBRISLOUD RECORDING IMAGES AND DATA AND TRANSTTED THEM TO EARTBEFORE CRASHING ITSELF. NASA SCIENTISTS INSISTEDHIS MORNING THEYOT STREAMS OF DA. BUT SOMEEPORTERS WERE SKTICAL ABOUT THE MISSION. ONE OF THE THINGS THAT W WERE EXPECTING TSEE WAS A DEBRIS CLOUDND WE SAW NOTHING. HOW DO Y KNOW THIS IS A SUCCESOR THAT TH DIDN'T JUST HEAD BEDROCK AND NOTHING CAME UP. WE

>> WE NEEDO GO BACK AND LOOK AT THE DATA AND SEE WHAT IT SAYS. EXPLORATION HAS ITS RPRISES IN IT, I'CERTAINLY GLAD WE BUILT OUR SSION PLAN, OUR SCIENCE PLAN AROD ALL ASPECTS OF THE IMPACT, FOR SURE, IT BUILTN THAT ROBUSTNES WE NEED TO GO ANCAREFULLY LOOK AT THE IMAGES, SEE WT'S IN THEM, CERTNLY WHAT'S STREAMED OUT TO THE VIDEO IS NOT THSAME FIDELITY AS AT WE GET FRESH OFF THE SPACECRAFT SO, WJUST NEED TO LOOK LITTLE MORE CLOSY BEFORE WE CONCLUDE ANYTHING

>> Warne COWING SAYS THE FACT THERE WAS NO VISIBLE PLU IS NO BIG DEAL.

>> A B FLASH IS GOOD FOR FOLKS BACK ON EARTH MAYBE THE WAS TOO MUCH HE ABOUT THE COMPUTER ANIMATION PART BY NASA, BU A MORE DIM PLUMEOULD REPRESENT RELAR POWDER PLUMEOIL, WHICH IS WHE YOU REALLY WANT SEE, TO LOOK FOR THE ICE. AND THAT THAT MAYBE AT WAS THROWN UP D YOU'LL ACTUALLY ONLY SEE IT WITH TELESCOPES, LI THE HUBBLE WAS LOOKING AT IT AND SO FORTH. THAT DATA IS COMINBACK TO EARTH RIT NOW. SO THERE MAY BE A G PLUME, IT JUST MAY HE BEEN IN WAVELENGTHS OUR EYES DO NOT NORMALLY SEE.

>> Warner: WILL TOY'S MISSION TELLS DEFINITIVELY WHETHER OR NOT THERE'S WATER ONHE MOON?

>> IT COD COME REALLY DARN CLOSE TO DOING THAT, YES.

>> Warner: NASA SCIENTIS WERE A LITTLE ME CAUTIOUS, BUT EARLY EXPECTANT.

>> WE'VE JUST GOTO SIT BACK AND CAREFUL. WE DON'T WANT TO AGA LIFE IS FULL OF RPRISES. WE WT TO BE CAREFUL, NOT MAKE A FALSE NEGAVE OR A FALSE POTIVE CLAIM. Warner: NASA EXPECTS TO HAV PRELIMINARY NEWSF WHAT IT FOUND THIN A FEW DAYS.

>> Lehrer: THERE'S MORON THE MOON MISSI ON OUR WEBSITE WSHOUR.PBS.ORG. MARGARET'S FULINTERVIEW WITH KEITCOWING, THE EDITOR OF NASAWATCH.COM, IS THERE IS A LESSON PLAABOUT THE SEARCH FOR WATER IN OUTER SPACE.

>> Lehrer: AGA, THE OTHER MAJODEVELOPMENTS OF THE DAY. PRESIDENT OBAMA WAS NAMED TH SURPRISE WINNER OF T 2009 NOBEPEACE PRIZE IN OSLO, NORWAY. HE SAID HE WAS BOTSURPRISED AND DEEPLYUMBLED LATE TODAY A PLANE LOADED WITH PEACEKEEPERS FROM JORD AND URUGUY CRASHED IN ITI. THEY SAID ALL 11 PEOP ON BOARD WE KILLED. AND U.S. FORCES PULLED O OF A REMOTE BASE EASTERN AFGHANISN LAST WEEKEND A TALIBAN ATTACKHERE KILL EIT AMERICANS. ON NEWSHOUR.PBS.G, AN ONLINE- ON FEATURE TONIGHT. JEFFREY BROWN INTERVIEWS AUTR HILARY MANTELL, WINNER OF BRITAIN'S BOOKER PRI THIS WEEK. HER NOVEL, WF HALL, IS SET IN EARLY SIXTEENTH CENTURY ENGLD. IT TELLS THE STORY OF OMAS CROMWELL'S RE IN HENRY THE EITH'S COURT. RE IS AN EXCERPT:

>> T STORY OF THE MONARCH WHO HADIX WIVES AND EXECES TWO OF TH, DIVORCES TWO OF THEM, IT'S MORE THAN YOU CLD MAKEUP. AND OF COSE PEOPLE ARE FASCINATED BAUSE IN HENRY'S VERY PECULIAR FAMLY DYNACS, THEY SEE THEIR OWN FAMILIES. TH CAN'T HELP IT. IT IS THE ULTITE DYSFUNCTIONAL FALY.

>> Lehrer: ALL OF THE CONVERSATION WITH HIRY MANTEL IS ON R ART BEAT PAGE.

>> Lrer: AND AGAIN, TO OUR HONOROLL OF AMERICAN SERVICE PERSONNEL KILLED IN THIRAQ AND AFGHANISN CONFLICTS. WE A THEM AS THEIR DEATHS ARE MADE OFFICIAL AND PHOTOGPHS BECOME AVAILLE. HERE, IN SILENCE, ARE 12 MOR

>> Lehrer: "WASHINGTONEEK" CAN SEEN LATER THIS EVENING ON MOST PBSTATIONS. WE'LL SEE YOON-LINE, AND AGAIN HERE MONDAEVENING. HAVE A NICE WEEKEND. I'M JIM LEHRER. THK YOU, AND GOOD NIGHT. MAJOR FUNDING FOTHE NEWSHO WITH JIM LEHRER PROVIDED BY:

>> WHAT THE RLD NEEDS NOW IS ERGY. THE ENERGY TO GET THE ECONOM HUMMING AGAIN. THE ENER TO TACKLE CHALLENGES LIKE CLIMATE CHANGE. WHAT IS THAT ENEY CAME FROM AN ENGY COMPANY? EVERAY, CHEVRON INVESTS $62 MILLION IN PEOPLE, IN IDEAS-- SEEKING, TEACHING, BUILDING. FUING GROWTH AROUND THE WORLD TO MOVE US ALL AHE. THIS IS THE WER OF HUMAN ENERGY. CHEVRON.

>> THIS ISHE ENGINE THAT COECTS ABUNDANT GRAIN FROM THE ERICAN HEARTLAND TO HARAN'S ST SELLING WHEAT, WHILE KEEPING 60 BILLION PNDS OF <ñ?Q BNSF, THE ENGINE THAT NNECTS US. INTEL.

>> AND BTHE BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION. DEDICATED TO THE IDEA THATLL PEOPLE DESERVEHE CHANCE TO LIVE HEALTHY PRODUCTIVE LIFE. AND WITH T ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS AND FOUNDATIONS. AND... THISROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTIN AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TYOUR PBS STATION OM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. Captioning onsored by MacNE/LEHRER PRODUCTIONS Captionedy Media Access oup at WGBH accs.wgbh.org