PBS NewsHour; February 1, 2018 3:00pm-4:00pm PST

Captioning sponsored by NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC

>> Woodruff: GOOD EVENING, I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. ON THE NEWSHOUR TONIGHT, THE F.B.I. UNDER FIRE-- THE POTEIAL RELEASE OF A CONTROVERSIAL MEMO PITS POLITICS AGAINST NATIONAL SECURITY. THEN, AS THE WAR IN SYRIA PUTS TURKISH FORCES AT ODDS WITH THE EYU.S., I SIT DOWN WITH TU AMBASSADOR TO WASHINGTON TO DISCUSS A STRAINED ALLNCE. AND, FINANCING THE FIGHT AINST CANCER-- HOW ATTRACTING INVESTORS TO THE WORLD OF DISEASE TREATMENT COULD JUMPSTART EFFORTS IN FINDING A CURE.

>> WE NOW HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO TREAT DISEASE IN MANY, MANY DIFFERENT WAYS. WE JUST DON'T HAVE ENOUGH MONEY TO EXPLORE ALL OPATHE DIFFERENT WAYS. SHOULDN'T WE?

>> Woodruff: ALL THAT AND MORE ON TONIGHT'S PBS NEWSHOUR.

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>> Woodruff: THE RELEASE OF A HOTLY DEBATED MEMO ON THE F.B.I.'S RUSSIA INVESTIGATION APPEARS IMMINENT TONIGHT. THAT PROSPECT HAD REPUBLICANSAN DEMOCRATS TRADING CHARGES AYD COUNTER-CHARGES THROUGHOUT THIS LISA DESJARDINS BEGINS OUR S VERAGE.

>> Desjardins: ANGRESSIONAL REPUBLICANS GATHER AT A WEST VIRGINIA RETREAT MEANT TO TACKLE BIG GOALS-- A CONTROVERSIAL FOUR-PAGE MEMO IS NEWS, AS SPEAKER PAUL RYAN FOUND AT A NEWS CONFERENCE. S ARLY EVERY QUESTION WAS ABOUT THE SO-CALLED NUMO, DRAFTED BY REPUBLICAN STAFFERS FOR HOUSE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE CHAIR DEVIN NUNES. IT ALLEGES F.B.I. ABUSES OF ITS SURVEILLANCE POWERS, BUT ITS CONTENTS ARE CLASSIFIED AND HAVEN'T BEEN MADE PUBLIC. MMITTEE HAS VOTED TO MAK IT PUBLIC AND THE WHITE HOUSE, WHICH MUST WEIGH IN, INDICATING IT WILL KELY TELL CONGRESS TOMORROW THAT IT AGREES WITH RELEASE. PRESIDENT TRUMP MADE NO MENTN OF THE MEMO, DURING HIS ADDRESS AT THE G.O.P. RETREAT TODAY. BUT DEMOCRATS HAVE BEEN VERY VOCAL, WITH THE RANKING DEMOCRAT ON HOUSE INTELLIGENCE, AM SCHIFF, CHARGING THAT REPUBLICANS CHANGED THE MEMO BEFORE SENDING IT THE WHITE HOUSE TO APPROVE. TODAY IN PHILADELPHIA, BLUNT WORDS FROM SCHIFF, THAT

>> Desjardins: SCHIFF SAID MAKING THE MEMO PUBLIC COULD UNDERMINE THE BUREAU'S ABILITY TO DO ITS JOB.

>> SO WHEN THE F.B.I. FANS OUT ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND THEY'RE INVESTIGATING A TERRORISM CASE ARE AMERICANS GOING TO THINK WHAT'S YOUR AGENDA? THERE WAS SO MUCH HYPERBOLE OUT THERE THAT IT'S GOING TO CAUSE A LOT OF AMERICANS TO QUESTION THE VERY PATRIOTIC PEOPLE WHO ARE WORKING TO PROTECT THE COUNTRY EVERY DAY.>> esjardins: BUT SPEAKER PAUL RYAN INSISTED INSIST THE ONLY CHANGES WERE FOR NATIONAL SECURITY REASONS, AND IN CONSULTAON WITH THE F.B.I. HE INSISTED THE MEMO ALLEGES DANGEROUS USE OF POWER BY SOME AT THEGENCY.

>> IF AMERICANS CIVIL LIBERTIES WERE ABUSED, THAT NEEDS TO CE TO LIGHT. WHAT THIS IS NOT IS AN INDICTMENT OF OUR JUSTICE SYSTEM.

>> Desjardins: WHILE McCONNELL EHE DOESN'T THINK A MEMO BY THE DEMOCRATS SHOULD BE MADE PUBLIC.

>> I READ BOTH T MEMOS AND I DON'T THINK THAT WE SHOULD USE R IS FOR ANY KIND OF PARTISAN ADVANTAGE EITHEDE. I THINK WE SHOULD TAKE A STEP BACK AND NOT DO ANYTHING FOR A PARTISAN ADVANTAGE THAT COULD RISK A SENSOUITIVECE OR METHOD.

>> SPUCIAL COUNSEL ROBERT MUELLER'S INVES ITIGATIO THE INTERFERENCE INTO THE ELECTION BROUGHT ANOTHER HEADLINE. THE "NEW YORK TIMES" REPORTED A IN THE INVESTIGATION IS RAISING NEW ALLEGATIONS ABOUT WHITE HOUSE COMMUNICATIONS DIRECTOR AND LONG-TIME TRUMP AID HOPE HICKS. THE WITNESS WILL REPORTEDLY TALK ABOUT E-MAILS SHOWING DONALD THE WITNESS REPORTEDLY WILL SAY S ONCE SAID THAT EMAILS SHOWING DONALD TRUMP JUNIOR'S INTEREST IN RUSSIAN ATION ABOUT HILLARY CLINTON "WILL NEVER GET OUT." AN ATTORNEY FOR HICKS DENIED SHE ER SAID THAT. WEST VIRGINIA, WE JUST HAVE MORE NEWS FROM THE REPUBLICAN RETREAT. IN THE LAST FEW MINUTES, SENAOR JEFF FLAKE OF ARIZONA SAYS HE ALSO DOESN'T THINK THIS REPUBLICAN MEMO SHOULD BE RELEASED AT THIS TIME. JUDY. NG Woodruff: THAT GETS TO THE QUESTION I WAS GO ASK, YOU DID SHOW ONE OTHER REPUBLICAN CONGRESSMAN CHARLIE DENT SAYING HE HAS A PROBLEM WITH WHAT THE OJORITY IS DOING. IS FLAKE TER ONE?

>> IN ADDITION TO FLAKE,UDY, THERE ARE ACTUALLY MANY REPUBLICANS WHO ARE VERY UNCOMFORTABLE THE RECORD NOT SO MANY. SENATOR JOHNCH THUNERMAN OF THE SENATE REPUBLICAN HNFERENCE, HE TOLD US TODAY THAT, IN FACDOES NOT THINK THIS MEMO SHOULD BE RELEASED UNTIL SENATORS ON THE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE THERE ISHOULD BE ABLE TO LOOK AND VERIFY THE INTELLIGENCE THEMSELVES. SO WHAT YOU HAVE THERE IS NOT JUST A DIVIDE TWEEN ANY REPUBLICAN BUT A DIVIDE BETWEEN LEADERSHIP AND THE REPUBLICANS IN CHARGE OF OVERSIGHT OF INTELLIGENCE. SENATE SAYS WE WANT TO SEE THIS BEFORE YOU EITHER RELASE IT. THE HOUSE SAYS NO.

>> Woodruff: CAN YOU GET A SENSE THERE OF WHAT ISRIVING THIS, WHAT PART OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY IS DETERMINED TO DO? THIS T> THIS HAS BEEN A GROUNDSWELL FROM THE M CONSERVATIVE PARTS TO HAVE THE REPUBLICAN PARTY AND IN FACT THE FREEDOM CAUCUS HAS BEEN RUNNING THE RALLYING CRY. ONE TWEET FROM JUDY WOODRUFF DUNCAN SOUTH CAROLINA REPRESENTATIVE WHO ASKED TRUMP ON THE FLOOR TO HAVE THE STATE OF THE UNIOEN TO RASE THIS ANMO, HE WROTE THIS MEMO WILL SHAKE THE ORGIZATION THE F.B.I. DOWN TO ITS CORE SHOWING AMERICANS JUST HOW THE AGENCY WAS WEAPONIZED BY THE OBAMA OFFICIALS,D.N.C., H.R.C. -- MEANING HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON -- TO A GROUP OF LARGER ADVERSARIES. THIS LEADS PEOPLE TO BELIEVE THE F.B.I. HAS BEEN TURNED AGAINST REPUBLICAN PARTHI.

>> TIS A BIG CONSERVATIVE MOVEMENT RIGHT NOW.

>> Woodruff: TAKE US THROUEX WHAT HAPPENS IF THE PRESIDENT DECLARES PUMORROW THAT THIS MEMO IS ALL RIGHT FOIC RELEASE, HE THEN ESSENTIALLY TURNS IT BACK TER TO SPEAKER RYAN, W HAPPENS THEN?

>> THAT'S RIGHT, THE PRESIDENT WILL DRAFT A LETTER LIKELY FROM THE WHITE HOUSE COUNSEL TO THE HOUSE AND WILL LIKELY GO DIRECTLY TO CIRMAN NUNES AND SPEAKER RYAN AS WELL, OUTLINING CONCERNS THE PRESIDENT HAS,F HE HAS NO CONCERNS ABOUT THE MEMO AND SAYS YOU CAN RELEASE IT, AT THA POIRNGHTS CHAIRMAN NUNES HAS THE UNILATERAL ABILITY TO RELEASE IT AT ANYTIME. SPEAKING TO MEMBERS HERE WHO WANT THE MEMO'RELEASED, THEY IN THE SURE HOW THAT WOULD HAPPEN, WHETHER ON AN EMAIL OR WEB SITE. WOULD IT NEED REDACTION? I'M TOLD NO, THAT THIS MEMO DOES NOT HAVE ANY MATERIAL IN IT THAT NEEDS TO BE REDACTED AND THE FULL THING COULD BE RELEASED VERY QUICKLY, EVEN TOMORW.

>> Woodruff: AND WHAT ABOUT THE DEMOCRATS, LISA. WE'RE HEARING STRONGER ATEMENTS FROM THEM, WHAT ABOUT THEIR LEADERSGHP?

>> THAT'S WE HEARD FROM ADAM SCHIFF IN THE PIECE, BUT ALSO THIS DEMOCRATIC LEADER IN THE SENATE AND THE HOUSE ARE CALLING FOR CHAIRMAN NUS RESIGN. THEY SAY WHAT HE IS DOING IS TANTSOUNT TO CAUSING PROBL IN THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AND PUTTING THE NATION AND INTELLIGENCE AT RISK. SPEAKER RYAN TO THAT IDEA THAT CHAIRMAN NUN SHOULD RESIN SAID THAT IS JUST POLITICS AND HE'S REALLY NOT PAYING ANY ATTENTION TO I SO CHAIRMAN NUNES SEEMS SAFE IN HIS POSITION DESPITE WHAT DEMOCRATS WOULD LIKE TO SEE.

>> Woodruff: QUICKLY, LISA, WE KNOW THIS IS A POLITICAL FIGHT, BUT WE'RE HEARING THERE ARE LARGER CONCERNS AT PLAY.

>> SENATOR LANGFORD ON THE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE SAID HE'S WORRIED BECAUSE RUSSIANS ARE CLEARLY MAKING HAY OF THIS ON THE INTERNET AND ELSEWHERE. HE SAYS WHEN AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS FIGHT, RUSSIANS TRY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THAT AND THAT IS A LARGER CONCERN HERE.

>> Woodruff: LISA DESJARDINS REPORTING FROMTHE REPUBLICAN CONGRESSIONAL RETREAT AT THE GREENBRIAR IN WEST VIRGINIA. THANK YOU, LISA. E

>> Woodruff: IN Y'S OTHER NEWS, 28 RUSSIAN ATHLETES WHO HAD BEEN BANNED FROM THE WINTER OLYMPICS FOR DOPING, HAVE NOW BEEN CLEARED BY THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF ARBITRATION FOR SPORT. THE PANEL RULED THERE WAS IN IT ALSO REINSTATED SEVEN GOLD MEDALS WON BY RUSSIANS AT THE 2014 SOCHI OLYMPICS. PRESIDENVLADIMIR PUTIN HAILED THE DECISION AS HE TOURED A VEHICLE FACTORY IN ROSTOVONDON.

>> ( translated ): I THINK WE HAVE TO AVOID EUPHORIA ON OUR SIDE.AK WE HAVE TOIT CALMLY. WE ARE HAPPY FOR THE ATHLETES RGPPORTED BUT NOT EVERYONE WAS FULLY CLEARED OF C. WE HAVE THINGS TO IMPROVE ON OUR SIDE FOR SURE.

>> Woodruff: RUSSIA IS STILL BANNED FROM THE UPCOMING WINTER GAMES IN SOUTH KOR FOR STATE- SPONSORED DOPING. BUT, THE 28 ATHLETES COULD COMPETE, IF E INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE AGREES. THE UNITED STATES CHARGED TODAY THAT SYRIA IS STILL MAKING AND USING CHEMICAL WEAPONS. UNNAMED TRUMP ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS MADE THE ACCUSATION IN VARIOUS NEWS ACCOUNTS. THEY SAID IT IS, "HIGHLY LIKELY" THAT SYRIA'S PRESIDENT BASHAR AL ASSAD KEPT A HIDDEN STOCKPILE OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS AFTER AGREEING O GIVE THEM UP, IN 2013. THE STRESYRIANS AND OTHERS SEEKING POLITICAL ASYLUM IN EUROPE DROPPED LAST YEAR, FOR THE SECOND YEAR IN A ROW. E EUROPEAN UNION'S ASYLUM LEENCY SAYS NEARLY 707,000 USN ALL APPLIED FOR THE SPECIAL STDOWN 43%. SYRIANS MADE UP THE LARGESTAP SINGLE GROUP OICANTS, WITH MORE THAN 98,000. IN MYANMAR, NEW EVIDENAY THAT THE MILITARY AND BUDDHIST SUPPORTERS MASSACRED ROHINGYA MUSLIMS. THE ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTS IT AVNFIRMED AT LEAST FIVE MASS . TIME-STAMPED CELLPHONE VIDEO SHOWS THE REMAINS OF ONE VILLAGE BURNED TO THE GROUND HUMAN BONES WERE FOUND IN POOLS OF ACID, USED TO PREVENT REENTIFICATION. IN SEOUL, SOUTH TODAY, A TOP U.N. OFFICIAL SAID THERE ESST BE A RECKONING. >>I WOULD THINK THAT THESE ARE PART OF THE HALLMARKS OF GENOCIDE. I THINK ANMAR NEEDS TO GET RID OF THIS BAGGAGE OF 'DID YOU OR DID YOU NOT?' AND IF PROVEN THAT THEY DID, THEN THERE HAS TO BE RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY.

>> Woodruff: MYANMAR DENIES ALL CLAIMS THAT ROHINGYA MUSLIMS HAVE BEEN SYSTEMATICALLY SLAUGHTERED. KENYA'S HIGH COURT ORDERED TODAY THAT THREE TV STATIONS BE ALLOWED TO BROADCAST AGAIN, BUT THE GOVERNMENT IGNORED THE ORDER. THE STATIONS HAVE BEEN SHUT DOWN SINCE THEY TRIED TO AIR THE MOCK AUGURATION OF OPPOSITION SADER RAILA ODINGA THIS WEEK. ODINGAPORTERS SAY PRESIDENT UHURU KENYATTA RIGGED LAST YEAR'S ELECTION. OPCK IN THIS COUNTRY, THE STATE DEPARTMENT'SAREER 35PLOMAT, TOM SHANNON, ANNOUNCED HE'S RETIRING AFTEEARS. HE CITED PERSONAL REASONS. SIHIS DEPARTURE COMES AS PNT TRUMP FACES CRITICISM FOR NOT FILLG A NUMBER OF TOP DIPLOMATIC POSTS. THE ARIZONA STATE HOUSE TODAY EXPELLED A REPUBLICAN LAWMAKER OVER ALLEGATIONS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT. LAN SHOOTER IS BELIEVED TO BE THE FIRST STATAKER TO BE DISMISSED SINCE THE "ME-TOO" GNVEMENT BEGAN. OTHERS HAVE RE OR BEEN STRIPPED OF LEADERSHIP POSITIONS. AND ON WALL STREET, THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE GAINED 37 POINTTO CLOSE AT 26,186. THE NASDAQ FELL 25 POINTS, AND THE S&P 500 LOST ALMOST TWO POINTS. STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR: SHOULD THE WHITE HOUSE RELEASE A CONTROVERSIAL MEMO ABOUT THE RUSSIA INVESTIGATION? AS TURKEY CLASHES WITH U.S. BACKED KURDS, I SPEAK TO THE TURKISH AMBASSADOR. THE ECONOMICS OF FIGHTING CANCER, AND MUCH MORE. oodruff: AS WE REPORTED EARLIER, WHILE THE POLITICAL FIGHTING MATCH OVER THE RELEASE OF THE NUNES MEMO CONTINUEE' THE WHITE HOPLAN TO CLEAR ITS RELEASE, OVERRULING THE CONCERNS OF THE F.B.I., HIGHLIGHT HOW THE DOCUMENT HAS BECOME A SOURCE OF RAIN FOR THOSE IN LAW ENFORCEMENT AND INTELLIGENCE. WE GET TWO PERSPECTIVES ON THIS DEBATE, FIRST FROM MICHAEL SEY, WHO SERVED AS U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL DURING THE GEORGE W. BUSH ADMINISTRATION, AND JEFFREY SMITH, WHO SERVED AS GENERAL COUNSEL FOR THE C.I.A. ADRING THE CLINTON NISTRATION. AND WE WELCOME BOTH OF YOU TO THE "NewsHour". THANK YOU FOR BEING HE. GENERAL MUKASEY, TO YOU FIRST, WHY DO YOU FAVOR THE RELEASEF THIS CONFIDENTIAL MEMO?

>> WELL, I THINK GIVEN ALL THE BLOOD AN INK THAT'S BEEN SPILLED OVER IT SO FAR AND THE FACT THAT THE F.B.I., THOUG THEY STARTED OUT BY SAYING THERE WERE NATIONAL SECUTY CONCERNS, IS NOW SAYING, WELL, THE MEMO IS DISTORTED BUT NOT THAT THERE ARE NATIONAL SECURITY CONCERNS, GIVEN ALL THAT, LET IT GET OUT. OBVIOUSLY THERE WILL BE A COUNTERMEMO. LET THAT GET OUT, TOO. I CAN'T SEE AT THIS POINT TRYING TOOVER IT UP BECAUSE TOO MUCH HAS BEEN SAID ALREADY.

>> Woodruff: I SHOULD STIPULATE NEITHER OF YOU HAVE SEEN THIS MEMO.BE IT'S HELD WITHIN THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. BUT JEFFREY SMITH, GIVEN WHAT GENERAL MUKASEY IS SAYING, WHY NOT LET THIS MO OUT?

>> WELL, IDEALLY WE WOULD START OVER AGAIN. . CAN'T DO TH I WOULD LIKE TO SEE THIS DEALT WITH IN REGULAR ORDER, WHICH ISS , FOR MR. NUNES TO HAVE REFERRED TO THE MATTER TO THETO INSPGENERAL OR TO THE COURT ITSELF. THE FACT THAT WE ARE WHERE WE ARE, IT PROBABLY SHOULD COME OUT. THEN, IN TURN, THE DEMOCRATS SHOULD PUT THEIR -- HAVE THEIR MEMO REVIEWED AND THAT PUT OUT, BUT THAT REALLY WON'T END THE DEBATE BECAUSE THE LARGER QUESTION HERE IS ONE OF THE PROPER ROLE OF CONGRESSIONAL RN ISIGHT, AND MY CONCE THAT THE MANNER IN WHICH THIS HAS BEEN DONE UNDERMINES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OVERSIGHT AND, FRANKLY, DEMEANS THE WHOLE PROCESS. druff: WHAT IS IT ABOUT THE THE MANNER IN WHICH IT WAS DONE THAT BOTHERS YOU?

>> THAT WAS SO OBVIOUSLY DON FOR PARTISAN POLITICAL REASONS. THE PROCEDURE THAT WAS FOLLWED WAS PUT IN PLACE SO THAT THE COMMTEE COULD RELEASE INFORMATION THAT WAS CLASSIFIED BY THE PRESIDENT THAT THE PRESIDENT DIDN'T WANT RELEASED. THIS IS THE FIRST TIME THAT' BEEN DONE. HERE WE SEEM TO HAVE A SITUATION WHERE THE PRESIDENT WANTS THIS OUT. BUT I REALLY WORRY ABOUT THE TEGRITY OFHE PROCESS ON THE PART OF THE PEOPLE AT THE I.A., THE COURT AND.B.I. WHO ARE LOOKING AT THIS THINKING WE'RE BEING TURNED INTO ACA POLIFOOTBALL AND THEY DON'T LIKE IT.

>> Woodruff: IS THAT A CONCERN FOR YOU AT ALL, GENERAL MUKASEY?

>> IT IS A CONCERN THOUGH IT OUGHT TO BE POINTED OUT IN FAIRNESS THAT THIS DIDN'T POP OUT OF A VACUUM. THAT INITIALLY THE INTELLIGENC AGENCIES AND PARTICULARLY THE F.B.I. SLOW WALKED AND STONEWALLED WHEN IT CAME TO PRODUCING INFORMATION THAT THE COMMITTEE WAS ENTITLED TO IN EXERCISING ITS OVERSIGHT. THAT, IN TURN, LED TO THE BACK AND FORTH THAT'S RESULTED IN THE MEMO. THAT SAID, I THINK THAT IT'S UNFORTUNATE, AND I AGREE WITH JEFJEFF SMITH, THAT THIS IS NOTE WAYGOOD ORDER OVERSIGHT IS SUPPOSED TO PROCEED AND CERTAINLY NOT ATAS ENVISIONED BY THE PEOPLE WHO PUT THE SYSTEM IN PLACE WHEN I WAS ORIGINALLY PUT INTO PLACE BACK IN THE '70s.

>> Woodruff: HOW DO YOU KNOW, THOUGH, THAT THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT, THE F.B.I. DIDN'T HAVE A GOOD REASON FOR TAKING THEIR TIME IN TURN ONG THISR?

>> I DON'T. D VE HEARD FROM -- I MEAN, I'VE HEOM PEOPLE WHO ARE INVOLVED IN DEMANDING THECU NTS THAT WERE ULTIMATELY TURNED OVER THAT THERE WAS NO PARTICULAR RSON FOR DELAY OTHER THAN DELAY FOR ITS OWN SAKE.

>> Woodruff:HAT ABOUT THAT COINT, JEFFREY SMITH, THAT THE AGENCY, THEYD HAVE WORKED HETTER AND MORE COOPERATIVELY WITHONGRESS?

>> IT'S HARD TO ANSWER THAT BECAUSE I DON'T KNOWRECISELY WHAT DOCUMENTS THE CONGRESS WANTED. IF THE CONGRESS WAS WANTING DETAILED APPCATIONS TO THE F.I.S.A. COURT, I WOULD UNDERSTAND A RELUCTANCE TO TURN THAT OVER. ON THE OTHER HAND, I USED TO RK IN THE SENATE, SO I'M VERY MUCH IN FAVOR OF THE EXECUTIVEOO BRANCHERATING WITH THE CONGRESS. THIS OVERSIGHT ONLY WORKS IF THERE IS TRUST BETWEEN THE TWO BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT AND HERE IT'S FAILED. EA>> Woodruff: WELL, KING OF THAT, GENERAL MUKASEY, HERE WE HAVE A PRESIDENT, IN ESSENCE NOW, DOING UP AGAINST HIS OWN JUSTICE DEPARTMENT, HIS OWN -- OR THE F.B.I. IS THERE SOMETHING DISTURBING ABOUT THIS DYNMIC THAT WE'RE WATCHING?

>> OF COURSE THERE'S SOMETHING DISTURBING ABOUT IT, A WE DON'T -- THAT'S NOE SOMETHING WE WANT TO SEE, BUT IT HAS BEGUN, AND IT'S GOING TO HAVE TO PLAY OUT UNTIL ONE OR THE OTHER IS PROVED RIGHT OR UNTIL THEY BOTH STOP.

>> WoodrufTH WHY DOES IT YOU?

>> IT BOTHERS ME BECAUSE THE F.B.I. IS SUPPOSED TO BE AND IS THE PREMIER LAW ENRCEMENT AGENCY AS WELL AS A MEMBER OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY. IT DIDN'T BECOME A MBER OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY UNTIL AFTER 9/11, SO TRET'TIVELY NEW FUNCTION FOR THEM. AND TO HAVE THIS GOING ON AT THIS PARTICULAR TIME IS NOT GOOD FOR THE SECITY OF THE COUNTRY OR FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT.

>> Woodruff: BUT IT DOESN'T BOTHER YOU ENOUGH THAT YOU DON'T THINK THIS MEMO SHOULD BE WITHHELD?

>> WITHHOLDING THE MEMO I'T GOING TOVOLVE THE PROBLEM, IT'S GOING TO EXACERBATE IT.

>> THE MEMO, THERE ARE SO MANY PEOPLE WHO NOW KNOW IT, IT WOULD PROBABLY LEAK. RE Woodruff: EVEN IF IT WEREN'ASED.

>> I THINK SO. IT'S PRUDENT TO GET THEM OUT. THE F.I.S.A. COURT MISLED IS A SERIOUS ISSUE EVEN IF THE COURT APINTS SPECIAL MASTER TO LOOK AT IT.

>> Woodruff: AND BEFORE I WAS READING YOU HAVE SAID THAT THERE IS CONCERN ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED HERE.

>> YES

>> Woodruff: BUT WHAT ABOUT THIS QUESTION THAT I POSED TO GENERAL MUKASEY, THE SPECTACLE OR THE SCENE OF THE PRESIDENT GOING UP AGAINST VERY PUBLICLY THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AND THE F.B.I.?

>> IT'S DEEPLY DISTURBING. THINK HOW WE WOULD LOOK AT ANOTHER COUNTRY IF WE SAW THAT GOING ON IN THEIR COUNTRY. I THIN OUR ALLIES LOOK AT THIS WITH MORTIFICATION AND OUR ENEMIES LOOK AELIT WITHGHT. ARE WE REALLY A RELIABLE PARTNER T INFORMATION SECRE IS GIVEN TO US BY OUR VERY CLOSEST ALLIES AND IT WIND UP BECOMING POLITICIZED FOR DOMESTIC POLITICAL REASONS HERE? IT'S REALLY NOT GOOD.

>> Woodruff: D DO YOU WORRY ABOUT LODGE-TERM HARM?

>> I WORRY ABOUT LODGE-TERM HARM TO THEVERSIGHT PROCESS. AS FAR AS WHAT'S IN THE MEMO AND WHAT LEAKS OUT, I DON'T KNOW THAT ANY OF THAT IS INFORMATION THAT WAS IMPARTED BY FOREIGN COUNTRIES, BUT CERTAINLY I THINK JEFFERY IP CORRECT IT DOES NOT ENHANCE THEIR CONFIDENCE IN US TO SEE THIS KIND OF STRUGE GOING ON WHEN THEY HAVE TO COOPERATE ON THE GROUND BY DISCLOSING INFORMATION, HAVIG INFORMATION DISCLOSED TO THEM.

>> Woodruff: QUICKLY, JEFFREY SMITH, DO YOU THINK THIS ND OF THING CAN BE AVOIDED IN THE FUTURE OR ARE WE JUST EXPECTING E SEE MORE?

>> I H LEARN FROM THIS AND WE DON'T DO IT AGAIN. ONE HAS TO EXPECT -- I MEAN, THE BASIC DEAL HERE IS THAT BO SIDES ARE GOING TO ACT RESPONSIBLY, AND I HAVE TO HOPE THAT THE CONGRESS WIL ACT RESPONSIBLY IN THE FUTURE. I DO NOT THINK THEY HAVE IN THIS INSTANCE.

>> Wooruff: JEFFREY SMITH, TLRMER ATTORNEY GENERAL MICHAEL MUKASEY, GEN, THANK YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Woodruff: A NEW FRONT IN THE NEARLY-SEVEN YEAR SYRIAN WARHES OPENING INOUNTRY'S NORTHWEST. TURKISH TROOPS, AND ALLIED FIGHTERS, ARE WAGING AN AIR AND GROUND CAMPAIGN AGAINST U.S.- BACKED SYRIAN KURDISH FORCES IN AFRIN, AN AREA KURDS HAVE CONTROLLED FOR MUCH OF THE NFLICT. TURKEY OFFICIALS SAY "OPERATION OLIVE BRCH" ISN'T AN "INVASION," BUT AN EFFORT TO PROTECT TURKEY'S BORDERS FROM THE U.S.-BACKED KURDISH MILITIA IN NORTHWEST SYRIA. THEY SAY SOME 20 VILGES HAVE BEEN CLEARED OF THOSE KURDISH FIGHTERS, KNOWN AS THE Y.P.G.; THEY ARE LINKED TO KURDISH SEPARATISTS INSIDE TURKEY. PRIME MINISTER BINALI YILIDRIM.

>> ( translated ): FIRSTLY THE AFRIN OPERATION IS A NATIONAL SECURITY ISSUE FOR TURKEY. SECONDLY, IT IS TO END THE AUELTY OF THE TERROR GROUPS OVER THEBS, KURDS AND IRKMENS LIVING IN PEACE THERE.

>> Woodruff:COMES AFTER TURKEY'S PRESIDENT RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN LAST MONTH ACCUSED THE Y U.S. OF BUILDING AN "ARM TERROR" ALONG ITS BORDER MADE UP OF THOSE KURDISH FIGHTERS. U.S. INSISTS THAT THE KURDISH Y.P.G. ARE A VALUABLE PARTNER IN THE FIGHT AGAINST ISIS IN SYRIA. THEY HELPED LIBERATE THE FORMER ISIS CAPITAL RAQ. BUT IN SYRIA'S NORTHEAST, KURDISH-CONTROLLED TERRITORY, N RE IN YELLOW, BORDERS TURKEY. ERDOS ALSO VOWED TO PUSH THE AFRIN OPERATION EAST, TO MANBIJ. THAT'S WHERE U.S. SPECIAL FORCES ARE OPERATING WITH THE SYRIAN KURDS. IN RESPONSE, GENERAL JOSEPH ORTEL, COMMANDER OF U.S. FCES IN THE MIDDLE EAST, TOLD CNN EARLIER THIS WEEK THAT PULLING U.S. TROOPS FROM MANBIJ WAS "NOT SOMETHING WE ARE LOOKING INTO." PENTAGON SPOKESWOMAN DANA WHITE TODAY:

>> TURKEY HAS, IS A NATO ALLY AND WE DON'T ALWAYS SEE SIERYTHING THE SAME, BUT THE COMMON THREAD ISAND ANYTHING THAT TAKES AWAY FROM THAT FIGHT IS A DISTRACTION, S THAT'S WHY WE'VE ASKED THEM TO RESTRAIN THEMSELVES AND TO LIMIT THIS OFFENSIVE.

>> Woodruff: CAUMIT IN THE LE: SEVERAL HUNDRED THOUSAND KURDISH CIVILIANS IN THE AFRIN REGION. AT LEAST 240 SYRIANS HAVE BEEN KILLED, ACCORDING TO THE SYRIAN OBSERVATORY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS. ROUGHLY 90 ARE SAID TO BE Y.P.G. FIGHTERS. THE TURKS SAY AT LEAST FIVE OF THEIR SOLDIERS HAVE BEEN KILLED. NOW, FOR THE OFFICIAL TURKISH PERSPECTIVE ON THE FIGHT IN SYRIA, AND RELATIONS WITH THE U.S., I AM JOID BY SERDAR KILIC, TURKEY'S AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED STATES. MR. AMBASSADOR, THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME AND PROVIDING ME AN OPPORTUNI TO ENLIGHTEN YOUR VIEWS WITH REGARD TO THE ONGOING OPERATION IN NORTHWEST SYRIA.

>> Woodruff: WHY IS YOUR AVERNMENT SO CONCERNED, SO WORRIED, SINST THESE Y.P.G. TAGHTERS WHO HAVE HELPED THE UNITEDES DEFEAT I.S.I.S. IN SYRIA?

>> WELL, IF YOU CAN BREAR WITH ME A MOMENT, FIRST OF ALL I WOULD LIKE TO SE THE PERSPECTIVE IN THAT REGARD. YOU HAVE SUFFERED THE RESULTS OF TERRORIST ATTACKS. I KNOW HOW V MID THEORIES OF 9/11 IN THE HEARTS AND MINDS OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. I MEAN, WE DO NOT SUFFER AS MANY, ON A SINGLE ATTACK IN A DAY 3,000 OR SO. BUT WE HAVE LOST 4,000 TURKISH CITIZENS AS A RESULT OF ATTACKS CONDUCTED BY PP K. HOW COULD THEY SUSTAIN? BECAUSE OF LACK OF AUTHORITY AND SECURITY IN NORTHERN IRAQ AND THEY USE SAFE THEY HAVEN TO CONDUCT ATTACKS AND KILD 4,000 INNOCENT TURKISH CITIZENS, MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDINREUDING A NUMBER OF TURKISH OFFICERS.

>> Woodruff: BUT THAT IS INSIDE TURKEY. I'M ASKED ABOUT THEO Y.P.G. ARE ACROSS THE BORDER IN SIR YAMPLEGHTS WELL, ACTLLY, P.K.K. WAS IN IRAQI TERRORIST IN NORTHERN IRAQ AN USING THAT AREA TO STAGE THEIR ATTACKS, CSS THE BORDER AND CONDUCT THE ATTACKS IN TURKISH THE SAME THING WAS HAPPENING IN NORTHERN SYRIA. IN 2012, THE SYRIAN REGIME, WITHOUT PUTTING UP A FIGHT, LEFT THE AREA TO Y.P.G. AND CONTROLLED THE AREA OF THE AFRIN REGION. SINCE THEN THEY WERE AGAINST THE IDEOLOGY OF THE Y.P.G. FIGHTING AND STARTED ATTACKS AGAINST TURKISH CIVILIANS. THEY HAVE CONDUCTED 700 ATTACKS. TORES OF PEOPLE DIED. NOT ONTURKEY. THEY ALSO ATTACKED THE OPERATION INTHE UNIVERSITIES IN SYRIA ITSELF. SO THAT KIND O EVENTUALITY WE HAVE FACED IN NORTHERN IRAQ TO TAKE PLACE IN NORTHERN SYRIA AS WELL. IT WAS A REQUIREMENT FOR US TON TAKE ACT THAT REGARD.

>> Woodruff: I HEAR WHAT YOU'RE SAYING. SA THE SAME TIME, THE U.S. ARE NG THESE ARE FIGHTERS WHO HAVE HELPED US DEFEAT I.S.I.S. YOU UNDERSTAND WHY DEFEATING I.S.I.S. IS SUCH A PRIORITY FOR THE UNITEDTATES?

>> WELL, JUDY, THAT'S A PROBLEM. DAESH OR I.S.I.S. IS THE SYMPTOM. THE UNITED STATES IS NOT DEALING WITH THE ILLNESS ITSELF, IT'S JUST FIGHTING WITH THE SYMPTOM. LONG AS WE USE APPROPRIATE MEASURES, TACTICS AND STRATEGIES, WE ARE GOING TO BE FACED WITH THIS THREAT IN THE FUTURE IN SYRIA. THE Y.P.G. IS A DIRECT OFFSHOOED OF P.K.K. >>oodruff: CONNECTED TO T KURDISH EXTREMISTS?

>> NOT EXPECTED, THEY ARE UNDER E DIRECT CONTROL OF P.K.K. THE COMMANDS ARE COMING FROM THE BASES OF P.K.K. IN NORTHERN EVEN DURING THE SENATE HEARING IN APRL 2016, YOU WILL RECALL SENATOR GRAHAM ASKED A DIRECT QUESTION TO THEN T SECRETARY OF DEFENSE ASHTON CARTER WHETHER THEY KNEW IF THERE WAS A DIRECT LINKAGE BETWEEN Y.P.G. AND Y.P.Y. AND THEY ACKNOWLEDGED THATOU

>> Woodruff: PRESIDENT HAS MADE THESE ARGUMENTS TO OVTE U.S.RNMENT. IT HAS CHOSEN TO DISAGREE AND SAY WE NEED TO CONTINUE THIS FIGHT IN NORTHWEST SIR. I CAN'T WE'RE NOT GOING TO LET YOU EMOVE THE Y.P.G., WE'RE GOING TOERYTHING WE CAN. IS YOUR GOVERNMENT PREPARED TO PURSUE THIS FIGHT EVEN THOUGH AMERICAN TROOPS MAY BE KILLED IN THE PROCESS?

>> IF WE ARE GOING TO CONDUCT A SUCCESSFUL FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM AND IF AT THE END OF DAY WE WOULD LIKE TO PREVAIL, THEN WE SHOULD USE CORRECT STRATEGIES. WE SHOULD BE VERY CAREFUL IN TERMS OF CHOOSING OUR PARTNERS ON THE GROUND.U NNOT FIGHT SUCCESSFULLY A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION BY MAKING ORE OF ANOTHER TERRORIST NIZATION. THIS IS THE MISTAKE THAT THE AMERICAN ADMINISTRATION IS DOING FOR THE TIME BEING IN SYRIA. Y.P.G. IS A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION. , IN FACT, THEY SA SAY RAY RAQQS LIBERATED BY THE Y.P.G., THE TERRORIST ORGANIZATION IN RAQQA HAVE BEEN SUBSTITUTED. OK AT THE RESOURCES OF HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS, AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL, THEY'RE ENUMERATING ALLE FORTS OF ETHNIC CLEANSING AND SLAUGHTER OF CHILDREN, RUNNING CONTRARY TO EACH OF THE PRINCIPALS THE UNITED STATES STANDS YET THE UNITED STATES OPTS FOR WORKING WITH Y.P.G., Y.D. AND EVEN IN YOUR INTRO YOU HAVE STATED THEM AS A PARTNER OF THE UNITED STATES. G> Woodruff: WITH SUCH A FUNDAMENTAL DIEMENT HERE, HOW MUCH DAMAGE HAS BEEN DONE? HOW MUCH IS THE U.S.-TURKEY RELATIONSHIP WEAKENED BY THIS?

>> WELL, I MEAN I BELIEVE THAT THE U.S. PUBLIC OPINION IS AMONG THE BEST TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE TURKISH PUBLIC OPINION FEELS AFTER THEY LOST. THEY HAVE OVER 40,000 PEOPLE. IT HAS A TREMENDOUS EFFECT ON THE FEELINGS OF THE TURKISH BLIC OPINION. WANT TO FIGHT TERRORISM. WE HAVE BEEN PART OF THE COALITION SINCE THE INCEPTION BUT WOULD LIKE TO FIGHT RRORISTS WITH APPROPRIATE STRATEGIES. YOU HAVE AN ALLY THAT HAS THE SECOND LARGEST ARMY IN N.A.T.O. THE UNITED STATES COULD HAVE OPTED FOR WORKING WITH TKEY TO CONDUCT THE FIGHT AGAINST DAESH.

>> Woodruff: MANY AMERICANS ARE LOOKING AT THIS AND LOOKING AT WHAT THE U.S. -- THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION'S PITION IS AND ARE STILL ASKING IS TURKEY PREPARED TO SEE U.S. SOLDIDIERS IN THIS FIGHT WHERE YOUR GOVERNMENT IS GOING AFTER --

>> WELR JUDY, WE ARE LONG-M ALLIES AND I AM CONFIDENT WE ARE NOT GOING TO COME TO THAT POINT, BUT IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT, I AINK THE UNITED STATES SHOULD TAKE CERTAINIONS, TERMINATE THE SUPPORT OF THE TERRORIST ORGANIZATION. THAT TERRORIST ORGANIZATION CAUSES AN EXISTENTIAL THREAT FOR OUR SECURITY AND STABILITY. SO THEY SHOULD PUT AN END TO THEIR SUPPORT, THEY SHOULD CEASE PROVIDING THEM AMMUNITION. HAVE YOU ASKED HIM TO DO THIS?

>> OF COURSE, AND THEY SHOULD COLLECT EVIDENCE, AS OF YESTERDAY, ROCKETS HAVE BEEN SENT TO TURKEY, A HOSPITAL, A RESTAURANT, A HOUSE AND THEY HAVE KILLED AND WOUNDED SCORS OF PEOPLE, AND MOST OF THOSE WEAPONS, I'MEN CONF WERE PROVIDED BY THE UNITED STATES. HOW CAN YOU MAKE SURE THAT THE WEAPONS THAT YOU HAVE GIVEN TO Y.P.G. PYD GHTING AS DAES ARE NOT GOING TO ENDP BEING USED AGAINST TURKISH CIVILIANS AND WE HAVE MADE THOSE COMMENTS TIME AND AGAIN. THEY ARE CONFIDENT THERE'S NO CONNECTION BETWEEN THE Y.P.G. AND P.K.K. --

>> Woodruff: IT IS AN ENORMOUSLY IMPORTANT SUBJECT FO ITED STATES AND YOUR COUNTRY. WE WILL CONTINUE TO WATCH IT VERY CLOSELY. BASSADOR.

>> WE ARE STRONG ALLIES. WE NEED EACH OTHER. AND I HOPE THAT WEIL PREVAIL AT THE END OF TODAY.

>> Woodruff: AMBASSADOR KILIC, THANK U FOR JOINING ME.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Woodruff: STAY WITH US, COMING UP ON THE NEWSHOUR: THE #ME-TOO MOVEMENT COMES TO THE ART WORLD. AND A SINGER INFLUENCED BY BOTH INDIAN MUSIC AND R&B. BUT FIRST, USING FINANCIAL ENGINEERING TO FIND CURES FOR DISEASE. OUR ECONOMICS CORRESPONDENT PAUL SOLMAN HAS THE STORY. IT'S PART OF HIS SERIES, MAKING SENSE WHICH AIRS THURSN THE NEWSHOUR.

>> WITHIN THE SPACE OF ABOUT FOTO YEARS I LOST FIVE PEOPL CANCER.

>> Reporter: NOT LONG AGO M.I.T. FINANCE GURU ANDY LO'S WORLD WAS LEVELED.

>> MY MOTHER DIED, SA SUSSMAN, THE HEAD OF MY LAB, SHE DIED. DAVID STALEN, A COLLEAGUE IN ENGINEERING DIED. CHARLES HARRIS, THE DONOR OF MY CHAIR DIED. MY CHILDHOOD FRIEND SUZETTE LOH DIF, ALL OF DIFFERENT KINDS CANCERS. E UR YEARS. I FELT LWAS THE CAUSE OF CANCER. KNOWING ME WAS CARCINOGENIC.

>> Reporr: AT FIRST LO FELT HELPLESS. WHAT COULD A FINANCIAL ECONOMIST DO TO HELP FHT THE DEADLY DISEASE? BUT THEN HE MET WITH RESEARCHERG DEVELOPIXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS FOR HIS MOTHER'S LUNG CANCER.

>> I ASKED THE TWO OF THEM, "DOES YOUR SOURCE OF FINANCINGCE HAVE ANY INFLUN YOUR SCIENTIFIC AGENDA?" AND THE CHIEF SCIENTFFICER LOOKED AT AND TURNED BACK TO ME AND SAID, CENFLUENCE? OUR SOF FINANCING DRIVES OUR SCIENTIFIC AGENDA." AND I'VE GOT TTELL YOU THAT AS AN ECONOMIST, I UNDERSTAND, BECAUSE YOVE GOT TO PAY FOR THINGS. BUT AS THE SON OF A PATIENT I SOLUTELY OUTRAGED BY THA ANSWER.

>> Reporter: OUTRAGED, BUT THTIVATED BECAUSE, LO THOUGHT...

>> THAT'S SOMETHIN FINANCE CAN DO SOMETHING ABOUT.

>> Reporter: IN FACT, LO BELIEVES FINANCE CAN ACTUALLY URLP CURE CANCER. HIS IDEA IS TO SIZE CANCER DRUGS. EATE A MEGAFUND OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS TO SELL TO INVESTORS AS SECURITIES.

>> WE SECURITIZED AUTO LOANS, CREDIT CARDS, STUDENT LOANS, MUSIC ROYALTIES AS WELL AS MORTGAGES. WHY NOT SECURITIZE CepCER DRUGS? >>ter: WAIT A SECOND. WHY NOT?

>> WORLD FINANCIAL MARKETS ARE WAY DOWN TODAY FOLLOWING DRAMATIC DEVELOPMENTS.

>> STOCKS FELL OFF A CLIFF. THE LARGEST SINGLE POINT DROP IN HISTORY.

>> SHARE PRICE CONTINUE TO TUMBLE IN THE TERMATH OF THE LEHMAN COLLAPSE.

>> Reporter: IT WAS MYCURITIZATION THAT BROUGHT THE GLOBAL ECONOO THE BRINK OF COLLAPSE ALMOST A DECADE AGO, MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES FLOODING THE HOUSING MARKET TH EASY MONEY, DRIVING PRICES UP AND UP. ORIN THE MOVIE "THE BIG SHT," A JENGA TOWER HELPED TO EXPLAIN. T AND THEN THAT HAP

>> WHAT T?

>> THAT'S AMERICA'S HOUSING MARKET.

>> WHAT I SAW DUNG THE FINANCIAL CRISIS MADE ME SICK. BECAUSE I SAHUGE AMOUNTS OF MONEY BEING COMPLETELY DESTROYED BY BAD DECISIONS, BAD RISKS, BAD BUSINESS MODELS. WE DIDN'T HAVE THE CRISIS BETUSE THOSE TECHNIQUES DID WORK, THE CRISIS OCCURRED BECAUSE THOSE TECHNIQUES, THEY WERKED WAY TOO WELL. THESE ARE UL TOOLS. BNANCE IS THE ULTIMATE TOOL FOR CROWDSOURCING, ANG ABLE TO PULL TOGETHER LARGE AMOUNTS OF RESOURCES FOR FOCUSED PURPOSES.

>> Reporter: LO WANTS TO E SECURITIZATION FOR CANCER CURES INSTEAD OF LIAR LOANS. HIS IDEAL RTFOLIOS WOULD BE FINANCED WITH BOTH EQUITY, FOR THE BIG RISK TAKERS LIKE HEDGE FUNDS, AND DEBT, FOR THE RISK AVERSE.

>> THEY WANT TO TAKE THEIR MONEY AND EARN MAYBE A SMALL RATE OF RETURN, BUT THEY WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT THEY GET THEIR MONEY BACK. SO THESE ARE THE BOND INVESTORS, TVESTORS THAT PUT THEIR MONEY IN MARKET FUNDASURY BILLS, CORPORATE BONDS. THERE'S A WHOLE NEW SET OF INVESTORS THAT TRADITIONALLY D VEN'T INVESTED IN BIOTECH THAT CO SO NOW.

>> Reporter: SO BIGGER FUNDS, MORE CONSERVATIVE, DON'T WANT TH TAKE AS ISK, THEREFORE WILLING TO ACCEPT A LOWER RATE OF RETURN, AND YOU'RE SAYING TO THEM, "HEY, WAIT A SECOND. YOU CAN INVEST IN SOMETHING THAT YOU WANT TO INVEST IN AND WE CAN ALMOST GUARANTEE YOU A RETURN BETTER THAN WHAT YOU'RE GETTING."

>> IF IT'S A BIG ENOUGH PORTFOLIO AND IF IT'S STRUCTURED IN THE RIGHT WAY, ABSOLUTELY. AND THAT'S THE KEY, THE KEY IS SIZE BECAUSE A SINGLE CANCER DRUG IS VERY, VERY RISKY. PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS, 5%. T IF YOU TAKE 150 OF THESE AND PUT IT INTO A PORTFOLIO ATOME Y FFICIENTLY LARGE SCALE, THE RISK ACTUAES DOWN.

>> Reporter: THAT'S THE GREAT .NSIGHT OF DON'T PUT ALL YOUR EGGS IN ONE BASK DIVERSIFICATION.

>> RIGHT. AND THE FIELD OF CANCER REQUIRES ON THE ORDER A COUPLE OF HUNDRED MILLION DOLLARS PER PROJECT. SO IF YOU WANT 150 PROJECTS, THAT'S $30 BILLION.

>> Reporter: THE BILLIONS OF USED TO FURTHER EXPLORE ALL KINDUTTING-EDGE TREATMENTS, FROM IMMUNOTHERAPIES THAT USE YOUR OWN IMMUNE SYSTEM TO FIGHT CANCER, TO SMALL- MOLECULE DRUGS THAT MAY CAUSE CANCER CELLS TO DIE.

>> WE NOW HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO TREAT DISEASE IN MANY, MANY DIFFERENT WAYS. WE JUST DON'T HAVE ENOUGH MONEY TO EXPLORE ALL OF THE DIFFERENT PATHWAYS. SHOULDN'T WE? BEOULDN'T WE RAISE THE MONEY TO BLE TO DO THAT? CLEARLY IT'LL BENEFIT EVERYBODY, AND EVERYBODWILL MAKE PLENTY OF MONEY AT THE END OF THE DAY. O Reporter: NOW IF THIS SEEMS WAY TOO GOOD T TRUE, THE FACT IS THAT LO HAS BEGUN NDTTING HIS THEORY INTO PRACTICE, AS A FG INVESTOR OF PALO ALTO-BASED BRIDGEBIO PHARMA, WHICH HAS A PORTFOLIO OF TREATMENTS FOR GENETIC DISEASES. S A RARE GENETIC DISORDER MUTATION IN YOUR GENES. SO THE TICAL KIND OF THERAPY FOR ONE GENETIC DISORDER IS GONNA BE ALMOST, BY DEFINITION, STATISTICALLUNCORRELATED WITH THE SUCCESS OR FAILURE OF HER KIND OF RARE GENETIC DISORDER.

>> Reporter: I SEE, SO RARE DISEASES HAVE BUILT INM, DIVERSIFICATION?

>> EXACTLY, RIGHT. YOU DON'T NEED 150 OF RSEM TO GET DIICATION. 10 OR 15 ARE ENOUGH.

>> WE'VE ADDED THREE NEW PROGRAMS ALL IN THE GENETIC DISEASE SPACE... R, Reporter: LO'S FORMER STUDENT, NEIL KUS C.E.O. OF BRIDGEBIO.

>> WHAT WE'RE ABLE TO DO NOW IS TO SAY, "YOU HAVE THIS MUTATION, AND YOU'RE VERY LIKELY TO HAVE THIS DISEASE, AND THIS IS HOW SEVERE IT'S GOING TO BE." FOR DISEASES THAT ARE REALLY THAT EASY TO DESCRIBE, THOSE ARE EASIER IN OUR MIND TO DRUG, THAN DISEASES LIKE DIABETES OR HEART FAILURE, WHERE THERE COULD BE MANY DIFFERENT CAUSES FOR THE DISEASE.

>> Reporter: THIS IS LIKE WOODY GUTHRIE'S DISEASE, HUNTINGTON'S?

>> THAT'S RIGHT. HUNTINGTON DISEASE IS A CLASSIC GENETIC DISEASE. SICKLE CELANEMIA, TAY-SACHS DISEASE. THESE ARE THE TYPES OF DISEASE WE'RE TALKING ABOUT.te

>> Rep BRIDGEBIO HAS 17 DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN ITS DIVERSIFIED PORTFOLIO.

>> IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO CONVINCE AN INVESTOR THAT THIS SICKLE CELL OR THIS TAY-SACHS OR THIS HUNTINGTON APPROATHE RIGHT APPROACH, SO YOU'VE GOT TO WHAT ONE HAS TO DO TO ATTRACT THE VAST MAJORITY OF CAPITAL IN GETHE WORLD TO THE EARLY S SPACE LIKE THIS IS TO SAY, "LOOK, IT'S TRUE, WE'RE GOING TO TAKE MOSTLY LOSSES, BUT THE HOUPLE OF WINS ARE GOING TO PAY US OUT FSE LOSSES. IN THE MOVIE INDUSTRY, FOR INSTANCE, ONE WOULD NOT FINANCE ONE OR TWO MOVIES HOPING THAT THAT SPECIFIC MOVIE IS GOING TO BE A BLOCKBUSTER, BUT RAOIER YOU'RE G TO FINANCE A MULTITUDE OF MOVIES HOPING THAT ONE OR TWO WILL ULTIMATELY BECOME A BLOCKBUSTER. IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO PREDICT. OA I JUST TAKE ONE SHOT ON GOAL, AND SHOTS ONCOULD TAKE 10 YEARS, THE MOST LIKELY SCENARIO IS THAT I LOSE NO MATTER HOW SMART I AM.

>> Reporter: WHAT KIND OF INVESTOR IS RECEPTIVE TO YOUR PITCH?

>> WE'VE BEEN LUCKY TO WORK WITH, I THINK, INVESTORS ACROSS THE DIASPORA FROM LARGE INSTITUTIONS, RGE PRIVATE EQUITY IN GENERALIST HEDGE FUNDS TO BIOTECH SPECIALISTS.

>> Reporter: KUMAR A HIS TEAM REGULARLY AUDITION ACADEMICS WITH NEW RESEARCH...

>> WE'RE BASICALLY TALKINGODAY ABOUT TARGETING A RARE SET OF DISORDERS CALLED TELOMERE DISORDERS USING INSIGHTS FROM HUMAN GENETICS.

>> Reporter: ...PART OF A CONSTANT EORT TO EXPAND BRIDGEBIO'S PORTFOLIO. MEANWHILE, ANDY LO HOPES TO SCALE UP HIS EFFORT TO FIND CURES FOR CANCER.OW

>> IEASURE TIME IN TERMS OF THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS THAT HAVE DIED EACH DAY, BECAUSE THEY CAN'T GET THEIR THERAPIES THAT WE NOW KNOW HOW TO CREATE. WE ACTUALLY HAVE THE TOOLS TO DO IT, WE JUST DON'T HA THE RESOURCE AND THAT TO ME IS UNACCEPTABLE.

>> Reporter: FOR THE PBS HOUR, THIS IS ECONOMICS CORRESPONDENT PAUL SOLMAN IN BOSTON. OV Woodruff: NOW, HOW THE "ME TOO"ENT IS LEADING TO DIFFICULT QUESTIONS IN THE WORLD OF ART AND AMONG RENOWNED MUSEUMS AROUND THE COUNTRY. THERE'S LONG BEEN DEBATE ABOUT WHETHER ONE CAN, OR SHOULD, SEPARATE THE WORK OF A GREAT ARTIST, SUCH AS PICASSO, FROM THEIR PERSONAL BEHAVIOR. WILLIAM BRANGHAM LOOKS AT HOW THAT QUESTION IS TAKING ON RENEWED URGENCY.

>> Brangham: CHUCK CLOSE'S LARGE-SCALE PORTRAITS HANG IN CONTEMPORA ART MUSEUMS ACROSS THE WORLD. THEY'VE BEEN HERALDED FOR THEIR INNOVATIVE, CREATIVE APPROACH TO THIS OLDEST OF ART FORMS. OE YOU KNOW THIS?W OF HIS WORK IN DECEMBER, TWO WOMEN TD THE "NEW YORK TIMES" THAT CLOSE "HAD ASKED THEM TO MODEL NAKED FOR HIM, REQUESTS THAT MADE THEM FEEL EXPLOITED AND UNCOMFORTABLE." KEE ARTIST DESCRIBED HOW, ONCE CLOSE HER TO TAKE HER CLOTHES OFF, HE STARTED "TELLING HER ABOUT SEXUAL ACTS HE PERFORMED" AND "ASKED HIGHLY TIVASIVE QUESTIONS ABOUT HER TE GROOMING." CLOSE APOLOGIZED FOR MAKING INAPPROPRIATE REMARKS, TELLING THE "NEW YORK TIMES," "LAST TIME I LOOKED, DISCOMFORT WAS NOT A MAJOR OFFENSE. IF I EMBARRASSED ANYONE OR MADE THEM FEEL UNCOMFORTABLE, I AM TRULY SORRY, I DIDN' TO. " THE FALLOUT CAME JUST DAYS LATER. NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART WASHINGTON, D.C. POSTPONED AN EXHIBITION OF CLOSE'S WORK, PLANNED FOR MAY. SEATTLE UNIVERSITY ALSO REMOVED A PAINTING BY CLOSE. BUT MANY OF HIS FAMOUS WORKS, LIKE THIS ONE, OF ESIDENT BILL INTON IN THE NATIONAL PORTRAIT HSLLERY, A PART OF THE SMIAN INSTITUTION, ARE STILL ON DISPLAY IN MUSEUMS AROUND THE COUNTRY. IT'S YET ANOTHER FLASHPOINT IN A ENTIONAL RECKONING, AS WOM COME FORWARD WITH THEIR STORIES ME ABUSE AND HARASSMENT AT THE HANDS OF POWERFU ACROSS NUMEROUS INDUSTRIES. RCE "ME TOO" MOVEMENT HAS THE COUNTRY TO TAKE AS SECOND LOOK AT ART, AND WEIGHING THE PERSONAL BEHIOR OF THOSE WHO EATE IT. HOW DO WE RECKON WITH THE WORKS OF PEOPLE WHO'VE BEEN ACCUSED OF TERRIBLE THINGS? IT'S A QUESTION BEING ASKED IN CIRCLES WELL BEYOND TH WORLD. SOMETIMES, THE RESPONSE IS SWIFT AND CLEAR-CUT.

>> SOME THINGS DON'T CHANGE,ND SOME THINGS I'M SICK OF, LIKE THE CONSTANT PERVERTED SEXUAL THOUGHTS.

>> Brangham: LAST FALL, THE COMEDIAN LOUIS C.K. ADMITTED TO SEXUAL MISCONDUCT WITH SEVERAL WOMEN. IN SHORT ORDER, FX NETWORKSNC CAED THEIR PRODUCTION DEAL WITH HIM. HE NO LONGER SERVES AS EXECUTIVE HOODUCER OR GETS COMPENSATED FOR HIS FOUR ON THE NETWORK. WHEN ACTOR KEVIN SPACEY WAS ACCUSED OF SEXUALLY ABUSING A TEENAGE BOY, DIRECTORIDLEY SCOTT SCRAMBLED TO RESHOOT HIS SCENES WITH A DIFFERENT ACLMR FOR THE FIALL THE MONEY IN THE WORLD." ONE OF THE MOST POLARIZING EXAMPLES: FILMMAKER WOODY ALLEN. HIS ADOPD DAUGHTER DYLAN FARROW FIRST CAME FORWARD IN 1992 WITH ALLEGAONS THAT ALLEN USED HER, BEGINNING WHEN SHE N S SEVEN YEARS AGO. ALDENIES THIS. D T HE'S LARGELY RETAINED HIS VAUNTISTIC STATUS IN HOLLYWOOD, AND HAD CONTINUED TO OKE FILMS WITH MAJOR STARS. FARROW SPO RECENTLY, E CUSING THOSE WHO CONTINUE TO WORK WITH ALLEN WHSO SUPPORTING THE ME TOO MOVEMENT OF HYPOCRISY.

>> WITH SO MUCH SILENCE BEING BROKEN BY SO MANY BRAVE PEOPLE AGAINST SO MANY HIGH-PROFILE PEOPLE, I FELT IT WAS IMPORTANT TO ADD MY STORY TO THEIRS, BECAUSE IT'S SOMETHINGHAT I'VE STRUGGLED WITH FOR A LONTIME,

>> Brangham: ACTRESS KATE WINSLET RECENTLY SUGGESTED SHE HAD "BITTER REGRETS" ABOUT WORKING WITH MEN LIKE ALLEN. THIS WEEK, A CONNECTICUT THEATER SAID IT WAS CANCELING A PRODUCTION OF LEN'S MUSICAL, "BULLETS OVER BROADWAY." AR HOW DO WE WRANGLE WITH THE STIC WORKS OF PEOPLE ACCUSED OF AWFUL BEHAVIOR? THERE'S A WIDE SPECTRUM OF VOICES ON THIS TOPIC AND TONIGHT, WE TALK TO A PROMINENT ART MUSEUM DIRECTOR WHO'S WRESTLED WITH THIS VERY ISSUE. KIM SAJET IS DIRHSTOR OF THE SMIAN'S NATIONAL PORTRAIT GALLERY.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Brangham: SO LET'S TALK ABOUT THIS CASE OF CHUCK CLOSE. THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART SAID IN LIGHT OF THESE W ALLEGATIO ARE GOING TO PUT OFF THIS EXHIBITION OF HIS WORK.AV I KNOW YOU A PIECE OF HIS WORK IN YOUR GALLERY. HOW DO YOU ALL RECKON WITH THIS? THESE ACCUSATIONS EXIST, THE MAN IS A GREAT ARTIST, WHAT DO WE DO?

>> I JUST CAME FROM A MEETING OF THE AMERICAN DIRECTORS TSOCIATION, WE WERE IN C TALKING ABOUT THIS AND I THINK WE'RE ALL TRYING TO GET IT RIGHT. YING TO THINK ABOUT IT. I WOULD SAY THAT THE FACT THAT -- LET'S SAY THE PENNSYLVANIA ADEMY OF THE FINE TS HAS AN EXHIBITION UP RIGHT NOW OF CHUCK CLOSEOT'S RAPHS, AND I THINK THE DIRECTOR HAS DONE EXACTLY THE RIGHT THING. THEY DIDN'VET A KNEE JERK REACTION. THEY STOPPED, THOUGHT ABOUT IT AND SAID LET'S REALLY HAVE A CONVERSATION NOW, OF COURSE, THE PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMY TO HAVE THE FINE ARTS IS S ART SCHOOL. IT HDENTS, AND THEY HAVE A VERY STRONG TRADITION OF DRAWING FROM LIVE MODELS. SO FOR THEM IT ALSO HAS THIS EXTRA DIMENSION, AND THEY' DECIDED THAT, IN CONVERSATION WITH THEIR STUDENT BODY AND PATRONS, THAT THEY WILL NOW DO A SECOND SORT OF DISPLAY AND EXHIBITION TALKING ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ARTIST KAND THE MODEL, AND I TH THAT'S A VERY SMART IDEA BECAUSE, AT THE END OF THE DAY,U UMS ARE ABOUT CONVERSATIONS.

>> Brangham: DO YOU THINK THE JTIONAL GALLERY'S DECISION WAS A KNEEK REACTION?

>> I CAN'T SPEAK FOR THEM, BUT I UNDERSTAND IN SOME WAYS THAT YOU DON'T WANT THE ALLEGATIONS OF ECCHUCK CLOSE TOME THE STORY. ARE YOU REALLY -- YOU KNOW, I THINK WE FEEL CHUCK CLOSE IS AN AMAZING ARTIST. YOU CAN'T TALK ABOUT PORTTURE WITHOUT TALKING ABOUT CHUCK CLOSE, BUT THEY MUST HAVE FELT AT A CERTAIN POINT THAT WASN'T GOING TO BE WHAT PEOPLE WERE LOOKING A

>> Branham: MORE BROADLY, HOW DO WE RECKON WITH THE WORK OF SOMEONE ACCUSED OF PROVEN TO BE A PREDATOR? SHOULD THAT AFFECT HOW WE SEE THE WORK OR WHETHER WE EVEN SEE THE WORK?

>> AT THE PORTRAIT GALLERY WE HAVE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE LESS THAN LAUDATORY LIVES, NOT JUST THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN ACCUD OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT, BUT MURDERERS LIKE JOHNILKES BOOTH OR GANGSTERS LIKE AL CAPONE OUR STRATEGY HAS ALWAYS BE TO BE VERY UP FRONT ABOUT WHAT THE PEOPLE DID BUT AT THE END OF THE DAY WE WERE SET UP BY CONGRESST TO TALK ABHE MEN AND WOMEN WHO HAVE MADE AN IMPACT ON AMERICAN CULTURE AND HISTORY AND CHUCK CLOSE HAS, IN THE COLLECTION BOTH AS AN ARTIST AND ALSO A SIRTE. SO HE PLAYS A DOUBLE ROLE. SO WE REALLDY REWRITE 140 WS, ENGLISH AND SPANISH, ABOUT THE BIOGRAPHY OF THAT PERSON AND THEY CAN OFTEN GET REWRITTEN. SO WE WILL CHANG TE, YOU KNOW, CONTEXT OF SOMEONE AS TIME GOES ON.

>> Woodruff: DO YOU THINK THAT THERE'S A RISK IN CONDEMNING AN ARTIST FOR ONE PART OF THEIR LIFE -- I'M NOT SAYING IT SHOULD BE EXCUSED, BUT DTHINK THERE'S A RISK THAT WE CAST ASIDE AN ENTIREODY O WORK BECAUSE OF THE BEHAVIOR AT ONE SLICE OF THEIR LIFE?

>> I DO THINK THAT WE NEED TO SLOW DOWN TTLE. I'M NOT SAYING WE DO NOTHING, BUT I DO THINK HAVING A DIALOGUE AND HAVING VERY CAREFUL AND MELIBERATIVE ABOUT WHAT THE AGING IS. BECAUSE AS WE KNOW, A LOT OF FABULOUS ARTISTS HAVE BEEN, YOU KNOW, HAD QUESTIONABLE MORALS AND, YET, YOU KNOW, WE STILL ENJOY PICASSO, FOR EXAMPLE, OR CHINI WHO WAS DEFINITELY ACCUSED OF SEXUALSSAULT.

>> Brangham: DIEGO REVERA. YES. THEY HAVEN'T RELATED SPECIFICALLY TO TEMPORARY TIMES. IN THE PORTRAIT GALLERY, WE HAVE LOTS OF SITTERS. THIS IS THE FIRST TIME TO MY KNOWLEDGE WE'VE HAD TO DEAL WITH RE ARTIST'S REPUTATION,, BUT AGAIN, TS A TENDENCY TO HAVE A KNEE-JERK REACTION. I'D CAUTION EVERYONE TO SLOW DOWN. I WOULD ALSO SAY THAT MUSEUMS ARE THE ONE PLACE YOU CAN HAVE A DIALOGUE. SIGNING ONE OF THE THINGS WE TALKED A LOT ABOUT WAS, YOU ROW, DO YOU PROVIDE AN AVENUE FOR THE PUBLIC TLLY TALK ABOUT, YOU KNOW, HOW THEY FEEL ABOUT THIS?

>> Brangham: THIS REMINDS ME OF THE DEBATE HAD OVER CONFEDERE MONUMENTS.

>> YES.

>> Brangham: SOME ARGUED THE MONUMENTS SHOULD STAY UP BUT WE SHOULD WRAP THEM IN THE CONTEXT OF WHO PUT THEM UP, WHY AND WHAT THE PERSN ON THE TOPF THE STATUE DID IN THEIR LIFE. DO YOU THINK WE CAN DO THAT WIT AN ARTIST, CAN YOU DO IT WITH A LARGE, POWERFUL PIECE OF ARTWORK? CAN YOU WRAP IT IN A CONTEXT ERAT YOU WOULD FEEL COMFORTABLE THAT IF THATON HAD DONE AWFUL THINGS IN THEIR LIFE THATU THAT CONTEXT BE MEANINGFUL FOR A VIEWER?

>> YES, I DO THINK SO. I'M NOT CONDONING THAT PERSON. I DON'T THINK WE CAN EXCE SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN ANY FORM, BUT I DO THINK PUTTING IT IN THE CONTEXT OF HOW THAT MAY HAVE INFORM, THAT PERSON'S WOHE SOCIAL MORES AT THE TIME AND WE KNOW, OF COURSE, OUR APPROACH TO ERYUAL HARASSMENT IS DIFFERENT FROM WHAT IT WAS BACK THEN. I REMEMBER THERE WAS A QUOTE DONE OF LD BYRON, HE WAS MEAN, BAD AND NOT TO BE TRIFLED WIT, SORT OF, AND IT WAS SEEN IN THIS IDEA OF THE ARTIST AS BEING SOMEHOW EXEMPT OF THE SOCIAL MORES, RIGHT, THIS IDEA THATSO HOW ARTISTS GET A PASS ON GOOGOODANNERS.

>> AND THAT WOULD BE A FUEL FOR BRILLIANCE IN ART.

>> BRILLIANCE, AND WE'RE AT A POINT WHERE WE SAY THERE IS NO EXCUSE FOR ALL SORTS OF BEHAVIORS. BUT DOES IT CHANGE? I THINK THE QUESTION AT THE END OF THE DAY IS THE STILL GOOD ART, AND IT DOESN'T EXCUSE IT, BUT IT IS CERTAINLY SOMETHING THAT AS TO THAT STORY.

>> Brangham: SO THE MERITS OF THE ARTN ITSELF MATTER I THIS CASE, YOU WOULD ARGUE, THAT CHUCK CLOSE IS, AS YOU WERE SAYING, WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT PORTTURE, YOU CANNOT TALK ABOUT CHUCK CLOS SO WE HAVE TOAKE HIM IN THE FULLNESS OF HIS HUMANITY.

>> YES, AND I WOULD SAY THAT THE ACTIONS OF PEOPLE HAVE CHANGED IN THIS COUNTRY, GOOD AND BAD MATTERS. IF WE WE TO HAVE AN OPINON OF CULTURE AND ONLY JUST LOOK AT THE GREAT THINGS, WE WOULD NOT LEARFROM THE LESSER THINGS. I THINK THE MORE INTERESTING CONVERSATIONS WHEN YOU TALK TO PEOPLE ABOUT REGRET, THINGS THEY WEVE NOT ABLE TO ACHIEAND I WOULD ENCOURAGE US TO HAVE MORE OF THAT CONVERSATION. >>rangham: KIM SAJET OF THE NATIONAL PORTRKAIT GALLERY, TH YOU SO MUCH.

>> YOU'RE SO WELCOME.

>> Woodruff: FINALLY, OUR WEEKLY BRIEF BUT SPECTACULAR SERIES WHERE WE ASK PPLE ABOUT THEIR SSIONS. TONIGHT, WE HEAR FROM ZESHAN B, A CHICAGO-BASED MUSICIAN WHO COMBINES HIS INDIAN HERITAGE AND LOVE FOR R&B AND SOUL MUSIC TO CREATE A UNIQUE SOUND OF HIS OWN.

>> I WENT TO COLLEGE AT NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY, AND I STUDIED MUSIC, ACTUALLY STUDIED AS AN OPERA SINGER. WHEN I WAS IN HIGH SCHOOL, MY VOICE TEACHER DISCOVERED THAT I HAD LIKE AN OPERATIC VOICE. I MEAN NOT EVERY KID CAN SING. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ MY MOM WAS BORN HYDERABAD BUT SHE GREW UP IN MUMBAI, MY DAD IS FROM A SMALL TINY VILLAGE IN THE MIDDLE OF NOWHERE IN SOUTHERN INDIA. THERE WAS ALWAYS MUSIC IN MY HOUSE, MY MOM AND DAD WERE ALWAYS LISTENING TO SOG. ON ONE HAND YOU KNOW-- YOU KNOW THEY WERE LISTENING TO, YOU KNOWSOUL MUSIC AND SOUL ARTISTS LIKE YOU KNOW, BILL WITHERS AND YOU KNOW, MARVIN GAYE AND Y KNOW, CURTIS MAYFIELD AND CATS LIKE THAT, BUT THEN ALSO YOU KNOW, THE MUSIC OF INDIA AND PAKIST. AS I GOT MORE AND MORE INTO THSIC I'VE REALLY JUST KIND OF REALIZ'S-- THAT'S JUST-- THAT'S ME, THAT'S WHERE I GREW YOU KNOW, THAT'S REALLY WHERE I FEEL MOST AT HOME. WHEN IT CAME TO YOU KNOW, PERFORMING IT, I FELT LIKE I COULD LET OUT ALL OF MY ENGY WHETHER IT WAS GOOD OR BAD. WHEN I GOT TO HIGH SCHOOL I WAS IN GOSPEL CHOIR AND THAT WAS A VERY TRANSFORMATIVE EXPERIENCE BECAUSE HERE I AM, I'M THE ONLY I'M THE ONLY PERSON IN THE CHOIR RDO'S NOT BLACK. UNTIL THEY HE SING OF COURSE, THEY'VE BEEN LOOKING AT ME FUNNY LIKE WHAT'S THIS GUY DOING HERE? DID HE GET LOST? YOAYKNOW, CHESS CLUB IS THAT BRO. I'VE BEEN A BIG BELIEVER IN JUST LEAVING IT ALL ON STAGE AND GOSPEL CHOIR ALLOWED ME TO DO THATTHERE WASN'T A SET RULE LIKE OKAY IT HAS TO BE THIS WAY OR THAT WAY, IT'S JUST LIKE AS LONG AS YOU GOT THAT FEELS, YOU GOT THAT GOVE AND YOU KNOW, YOU'RE POINTING YOUR HEART AND SOUL INTO IT. MY ALBUM "VETTED" IS REALLY JUST SOME OF MY OWN LIFE EXPERIENCES, AT THE TIME THAT I WAS YOU KNOW, TAKING SONGS FOR THE ALBUM AND WRITING SONGS FOR THE ALBUM. WAS A WHOLE DEAL OF UNRE GOING ON IN AMERICA, THE YOU KNOW, THE EVENTS IN FERGUSON THAT TAKE IN PLACE, THE-- THE RIOTS IN BALTIMORE. I KNEW SANDRA BLAND, I WASN'T HETREMELY CLOSE TO HER BUT WAS IN YOU KNOW, MY CIRCLE OF FRIENDS, IN FACT, AT PROM SHE T S MY BEST FRIEND'S PROM DATE AND YOU KNOW, SHE XT TO ME AFTER PROM AND YOU KNOW WE HAD DINNER TOGETHER. WHEN I LEARNED OF HER DEATH UNDER THOSE MYSTERIOUS CIRCUMSTANCES I FELT FURTHER GALVANIZ TO-- TO USE MY PLATFORM AS MUSICIAN, TO SPEAK OUT ON THE ISSUES THAT PLAGUE OUR SOCIETY. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ IF THERE'S ANYTHING THAT I WOULD LOVE TO SEE IS THAT LE LISTEN TO MUSIC AND FEEL INSPIRED TO DO SOMETHING GOOD. WHETHER IT'S-- WHETHER IT'S BIG OR SMALL, BUT USE IT TO DO SOMETHING GOOD TO BE TENDERED, TO BE LOVING, TO BE DECENT AND TO BE JUST TO THE PEOPLE AROUND THEM, MU THAT.POWERFUL LIKE UTAME IS ZESHAN B AND THIS IS MY BRIEFPECTACULAR TAKE ON GROOVIN' FOR CHANGE.

>> Woodruff: YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL BRIEF BUT SPECTACULAR VIDEOS ON OUR BSITE, pbs.org/newshour/brief.AN THAT'S THE NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT. I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. JOIN US TOMORROW EVENING WITH MARK SHIELDS AND DAVID BROOKS. FOR ALL OF US AT THEANBS NEWSHOUR, YOU AND SEE YOU SOON.

>> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE P NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY:

>> BABBEL. A LANGUAGE APP THAT TEACHES REAL-LIFE CONVERSATIONS IN A NEW LANGUAGE, LIKE SPANISH, FRENCH, GERMAN, ITALIAN, AND MORE. N BBEL'S 10-15 MINUTE LESSONS ARE AVAILABLE ASP, OR LINE. MORE INFORMATION ON babbel.com.

>> AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS

>> HIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING. AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS ANATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. YOU. Captioning sponsored by NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC Captioned by WG Media Access Group a access.wgbh.org Wes: THIS WEEK ON HISTORY DETECTIVES: WHAT MIGHT THIS BATTERED CAMERA REVEAL ABOUT A PHOTOGRAPHER WHO CHANGED THE IMAGE OF AN AMERICAN PRESIDENT? Gwendolyn: WHAT CAN THIS CHILD'S PLAYTHING TELL US ABOUT DISEASE, DEATH, AND DARING DURING THE CIVIL WAR? THIS IS CONTRABAND OF WAR; THEY COULD BE ARRESTED. Tukufu: AND HOW DID THIS FADED MAP K HELP UNLOCTHE RICHES OF THE NEW WORLD? SO THE BRISH ARE COMING. Elvis Costello: ♪ WATCHIN' THE DETECTIVES ♪ I GET SO ANGRY WHEN THE TEARDROPS START ♪ ♪ BUT HE CAWOUNDED 'CAUSE HE'S GOT NO HEART ♪ ♪ WATCHIN' THE DETECTIVES ♪ IT'S JUST LIKE WATCHIN' THE DETECTIVES ♪ ♪ WATCHIN' THE DETECTIVES