PBS NewsHour; August 29, 2011 3:00pm-4:00pm PDT

Captioning sponsored by MacNEIL/LEHRER PRODUCTIONS

>> Ifill: CLEANUP CREWS PICKED UP THE PIECES AFTER HURRICANE IRENE, ASSESSING THE TRAIL OF DEVASTATION FROM NORTH CAROLINA TO NEW ENGLAND WITH THE WORST FLOODING IN VERMONT AND UPSTATE NEW YORK. GOOD EVENING, I'M GWEN IFILL.

>> Brown: AND I'M JEFFREY BROWN. ON THE "NEWSHOUR" TONIGHT, WE GET THE LATEST ON THE DEATH TOLL, THE DAMAGE AND THE POWER OUTAGES AND WE TALK TO HOMELAND SECURITY SECRETARY JANET NAPOLITANO ABOUT THE FEDERAL RESPONSE TO THE STORM.

>> IT'S BEEN VERY COSTLY. THERE HAVE BEEN QUESTIONS RAISED ABOUT THE AMOUNT OF MONIES THAT WE HAVE AVAILABLE NOW THAT IRENE HAS HIT. LET ME JUST ASSURE YOUR VIEWERS THAT THE SURVIVORS' NEEDS WILL BE MET. THEY ARE OUR NUMBER ONE PRIORITY.

>> Ifill: THEN MARGARET WARNER GETS AN UPDATE THE CONFLICT IN LIBYA FROM SIMON DENYER OF THE "WASHINGTON POST" AS REBELS ADVANCE TOWARD MOAMMAR QADDAFI'S HOMETOWN.

>> Brown: WE DEBATE A PROPOSED OIL PIPELINE THAT WOULD CARRY CRUDE 1,700 MILES FROM ALBERTA, CANADA TO THE GULF COAST IN TEXAS.

>> Ifill: BETTY ANNE BOWSER REPORTS ON PRESCRIPTION DRUGS IN SHORT SUPPLY FORCING TOUGH CHOICES FOR PATIENTS AND DOCTORS.

>> IT REALLY CRIPPLES OUR ABILITY TO TREAT PROPERLY. WE HAVE TO BECOME CREATIVE OF HOW TO TREAT PATIENTS BECAUSE OFTEN THE CHEMO PATIENTS CAN'T WAIT FOR THEIR TREATMENTS. IT'S JUST INFURIATING.

>> Brown: AND RAY SUAREZ LOOKS AT NEW CENSUS DATA, REVEALING SOME SURPRISES ABOUT MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE RATES IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE U.S.

>> Ifill: THAT'S ALL AHEAD ON TONIGHT'S "NEWSHOUR." MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY:

>> OIL COMPANIES HAVE CHANGED MY COUNTRY.

>> OIL COMPANIES CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE.

>> WE HAVE THE CHANCE TO BUILD THE ECONOMY.

>> CREATE JOBS, KEEP PEOPLE HEALTHY AND IMPROVE SCHOOLS.

>> ... AND OUR COMMUNITIES.

>> IN ANGOLA CHEVRON HELPS TRAIN ENGINEERS, TEACHERS AND FARMERS; LAUNCH HEALTH PROGRAMS.

>> IT'S NOT JUST GOOD BUSINESS.

>> I'M HOPEFUL ABOUT MY COUNTRY'S FUTURE.

>> IT'S MY COUNTRY'S FUTURE. ♪ ♪ MOVING OUR ECONOMY FOR 160 YEARS. BNSF, THE ENGINE THAT CONNECTS US.

>> AND BY THE BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION. DEDICATED TO THE IDEA THAT ALL PEOPLE DESERVE THE CHANCE TO LIVE A HEALTHY PRODUCTIVE LIFE. AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS AND FOUNDATIONS. AND... THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING. AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU.

>> Ifill: IT WAS A DAY FOR CLEARING AWAY THE MESS AND AND CALCULATING THE COST ALONG THE PATH OF HURRICANE IRENE. GENERALLY, THE SCOPE OF THE WRECKAGE WAS LESS THAN FEARED, BUT THE STORM DID KILL AT LEAST 35 PEOPLE IN TEN STATES, AND TRIGGERED ONGOING FLOODS. IRENE WAS LONG GONE TODAY, BUT A WEEKEND OF STORM-DRIVEN DOWNPOURS LEFT BEHIND A TRAIL OF DAMAGE, SOMETIMES TO LETHAL EFFECT.

>> WE HAVE SEEN RECORD FLOODING IN VERMONT, NEW YORK, STILL HAVE RIVERS THAT ARE YET TO CREST. RIVER FORECAST CENTER SAYS RIVERS MAY NOT CREST FOR TWO TO THREE DAYS. EXTENT WE WILL NOT KNOW.

>> Ifill: OFFICIALS SAID THE FLOODING IN VERMONT WAS THE WORST IN AT LEAST 80 YEARS. IT SWEPT AWAY HISTORIC BRIDGES MORE THAN 100 YEARS OLD.

>> OH, MY GOD!

>> Ifill: IN UPSTATE NEW YORK, STREAMS TURNED INTO SWOLLEN TORRENTS, LEAVING ROADS IMPASSABLE AND ENTIRE COMMUNITIES CUT OFF. AND IN POMPTON LAKES, NEW JERSEY, A HOUSE EXPLODED INTO FLAMES AND BURNED AMID THE FLOOD WATERS, POSSIBLY FROM A GAS LEAK. THE STORM ALSO KNOCKED OUT POWER TO NEARLY 7.5 MILLION HOMES AND BUSINESSES ALONG THE EAST COAST. GOVERNORS IN CONNECTICUT AND MARYLAND WARNED TODAY IT COULD TAKE SOME TIME TO TURN THE LIGHTS BACK ON.

>> WE HAVE NEVER HAD AS MANY PEOPLE OUT OF POWER AS RESULT OF THIS STORM. SOME NUMBER OF THOSE INDIVIDUALS ARE GOING TO BE WITHOUT POWER FOR A WEEK OR MORE. BUT SOME WILL HAVE RESTORATION QUICKLY. AT PEAK OF THE STORM IN THE PEPCO AREA THERE WERE 113,000 HOUSES WITHOUT POWER. THAT'S DOWN NOW TO 40,000. BUT IF YOU'RE ONE OF THOSE YOU'RE NOT GOING TO BE SATISFIED.

>> Ifill: AS FOR TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION, SERVICE ON NEW YORK'S SUBWAY SYSTEM WAS PARTIALLY RESTORED TODAY. AIRPORTS REOPENED AND AIRLINES SPENT THE DAY PLAYING CATCH UP, REBOOKING PASSENGERS STRANDED BY 9,000 CANCELLED FLIGHTS. BUT IT COULD HAVE BEEN FAR WORSE. THE HURRICANE WAS STRONGEST WHEN IT HIT NORTH CAROLINA, LEAVING PEOPLE TO CLEAN UP TODAY AS FAR INLAND AS RALEIGH, THE STATE CAPITAL.

>> I WAS HOPING IT WAS LIKE SOME OF THE OTHER ONES WHERE THERE'S A LOT OF BARK AND NO BITE, BUT THIS ONE HAD A LITTLE BIT OF A BITE.

>> Ifill: IRENE WEAKENED AS IT PUSHED THROUGH VIRGINIA AND MARYLAND, AND ON TO THE NORTHEAST AND NEW ENGLAND. MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNOR DEVAL PATRICK:

>> REMARKABLE THING THAT MORE PEOPLE WERE NOT HURT. BLESSING, PROFESSIONALISM OF EMERGENCY RESPONDERS.

>> Ifill: NEW YORK CITY ALSO DODGED THE WORST OF THE STORM, LEAVING MAYOR MICHAEL BLOOMBERG TO DEFEND HIS DECISION TO EVACUATE 300,000 PEOPLE.

>> YOU KNOW, BETTER TO BE SAFE WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS PROTECT PEOPLE AND THEIR LIVES. AND WE'RE NEVER SURE WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN WITH FORECAST OF WEATHER. WEATHER FORECASTS ARE VERY UNRELIABLE BUT YOU WANT TO GO AND TAKE PRECAUTIONS THAT IN RETROSPECT WORST CASE ARRIVES YOU SAY YES I'M GLAD I DID THAT AND THE NEXT TIME FOR ALL I KNOW WE'LL GET LUCKY AGAIN.

>> Ifill: PROPERTY DAMAGE DONE WAS ALSO LESS EXTENSIVE THAN EXPECTED. BUT IT MAY YET REACH $7 BILLION. AT THE WHITE HOUSE TODAY, PRESIDENT OBAMA PROMISED HELP.

>> IT'S GOING TO TAKE TIME TO RECOVER FROM A STORM OF THIS MAGNITUDE. THE EFFECTS ARE STILL BEING FELT ACROSS MUCH OF THE COUNTRY, BUT I'M GOING TO MAKE SURE THAT FEMA AND OTHER AGENCIES ARE DOING EVERYTHING IN THEIR POWER TO HELP PEOPLE ON THE GROUND.

>> Ifill: FEMA-- THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY-- SAID TODAY ITS DISASTER RELIEF FUND IS RUNNING LOW. AS A RESULT, MONEY THAT WOULD OTHERWISE HAVE BEEN AVAILABLE FOR LONG-TERM REBUILDING PROJECTS IN PLACES LIKE TORNADO- RAVAGED JOPLIN, MISSOURI HAS BEEN DIVERTED TO IMMEDIATE NEEDS. AS THE CLEANUP FROM IRENE BEGINS IN EARNEST, FORECASTERS ARE TURNING A WATCHFUL EYE ON ANOTHER SYSTEM FAR OUT IN THE ATLANTIC. IT COULD GROW INTO A HURRICANE AND THREATEN THE U.S. MAINLAND IN ABOUT TEN DAYS. FOR MORE ON THE IMPACT OF HURRICANE IRENE AND RELIEF EFFORTS, WE TURN TO JANET NAPOLITANO, THE SECRETARY OF HOMELAND SECURITY. I SPOKE WITH HER FROM FEMA HEADQUARTERS THIS AFTERNOON. SECRETARY NAPOLITANO, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. WHAT WOULD YOU SAY IS YOUR MOST CRITICAL CONCERN RIGHT NOW THE AFTERMATH OF HURRICANE IRENE.

>> WELL IRENE HAS NOW CONVERTED FROM A COASTAL HURRICANE INTO A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF INLAND FLOODING PARTICULARLY IN PLACES LIKE NEW ENGLAND, UPSTATE NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, AND SO DEALING WITH FLOODING, A LOT OF SMALL TOWNS HAVE REALLY BEEN HURT BY THE FLOODING. AND THEN WE'RE ALREADY WORKING WITH STATES LIKE NORTH CAROLINA AND VIRGINIA THAT WERE HIT BY IRENE OVER THE WEEKEND ON THEIR DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS AND THINGS LIKE GETTING POWER RESTORED, WORKING WITH THE POWER COMPANIES TO GET THEIR POWER BACK UP.

>> Ifill: CAN YOU TELL US HOW MANY STATES HAVE BEEN DECLARED FEDERAL DISASTERS AT THIS POINT.

>> I WOULD HAVE TO SAY AT LEAST EIGHT, POSSIBLY NINE. I HAVEN'T DONE THE RECENT COUNT. BUT WHAT WILL HAPPEN NOW IS WE WILL GO BACK AND DO DAMAGES ASSESSMENTS, LOOKING AT THE EXTENT OF UNINSURED LOSSES FOR INDIVIDUALS, FOR COMMUNITIES, FOR BUSINESSES, FOR AGRICULTURE, AND WE WILL AMEND THE DISASTER DECLARATIONS THAT HAVE BEEN ENTERED TO EXPAND TO INCLUDE THE LOSSES THAT WE CAN NOW SEE.

>> Ifill: HAVE WE SEEN THE WORST OF IT IN STATES LIKE VERMONT, NEW YORK AND CONNECTICUT?

>> I THINK IN VERMONT WE PROBABLY HAVE BUT IN SOME OF THE OTHER STATES IN NEW ENGLAND, RIVERS AREN'T EXPECTED TO CREST FOR ANOTHER 24 TO 48 HOURS AND SO AS I'VE BEEN EXPLAINING WE LOOK AT EVERY DISASTER IN THREE PHASES: PREPARATION, RESPONSE AND RECOVERY. THE PREPARATION WINDOW CLOSED BY THE END OF LAST WEEK. WE'RE MOSTLY IN RECOVERY. BUT IN A FEW AREAS SUCH AS UPSTATE NEW ENGLAND, UPSTATE NEW YORK, WE'RE STILL IN RESPONSE.

>> Ifill: FEMA HAS HAD 65 MAJOR DISASTER RESPONSES SO FAR THIS YEAR. HOW COSTLY HAS THIS BEEN?

>> IT'S BEEN VERY COSTLY. THERE HAVE BEEN QUESTIONS RAISED ABOUT THE AMOUNT OF MONIES THAT WE HAVE AVAILABLE NOW THAT IRENE HAS HIT. LET ME JUST ASSURE YOUR VIEWERS THAT THE SURVIVORS' NEEDS WILL BE MET. THEY ARE OUR NUMBER ONE PRIORITY. PROJECTS THAT WERE ALREADY UNDERWAY IN PLACES LIKE JOPLIN IN THE MIDWEST WHERE WE HAD ALL THE HORRIBLE TORNADOES, THOSE PROJECTS WILL CONTINUE TO BE FUND FUNDED. IN ONLY ADJUSTMENT WE MADE OVER THE WEEKEND IS TO SAY, NO, NEW PROJECTS IN OLD DISASTERS WILL BE STARTED UNTIL WE MAKE SURE THAT THE IMMEDIATE NEEDS OF THE IRENE SURVIVORS ARE MET, BUT IN MEANTIME WE'RE ALREADY WORK ING WITH THE PRESIDENT AND WITH THE CONGRESS TO SEE WHAT OTHER ADJUSTMENTS NEED TO BE MADE FOR FEMA FUNDING THROUGH THE END OF THE FISCAL YEAR.

>> Ifill: THERE HAS BEEN SOME TALK OVER THE WEEKEND THAT FEMA AND THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ARE IN ESSENCE ROBBING PETER TO PAUL PAUL.

>> I THINK THAT WAS A MISIMPRESSION. AS I SAID EARLIER THE NEEDS OF SURVIVORS ALWAYS COME FIRST. THOSE WILL BE MET. ALL THE PROJECTS ALREADY UNDERWAY IN THE PREVIOUS DISASTERS WE'VE HAD THIS YEAR, THOSE WILL BE MET. THE ONLY THING WE WILL NOT APPROVE RIGHT NOW UNTIL WE GET THROUGH IRENE AND SEE WHAT WE HAVE ARE NEW PROJECTS.

>> Ifill: YOU MENTIONED THAT YOU WILL RELY ON CONGRESS AND THE PRESIDENT TO PROVIDE MORE FUNDS FOR DISASTER RELIEF. GIVEN THE RECENT DEBATES WE'VE SEEN ON FEDERAL SPENDING HERE IN WASHINGTON, ARE YOU OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THAT?

>> WELL, TYPICALLY CONGRESS HAS PASSED WHAT'S CALLED A SUPPLEMENTAL FOR FEMA AT THE END OF EVERY FISCAL YEAR. WHY? BECAUSE IT IS DIFFICULT TO PROJECT AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR HOW MANY DISASTERS YOU'RE ACTUALLY GOING TO HAVE. AS YOU HAVE MENTIONED THIS HAS BEEN A VERY HEAVY YEAR. WE'VE GONE FROM SPRING TORE TORNADOES, RECORD FLOODING TO NOW HURRICANE IRENE WHICH COVERED A NUMBER OF STATES. NOW THE FLOODING ASSOCIATED WITH HURRICANE IRENE. SO IT'S BEEN A HEAVY DISASTER YEAR. AND AGAIN THE PATTERN IS THEY FUND US FOR KIND OF A BEST GUESS ESTIMATE AND THEN A SUPPLEMENTAL NORMALLY COVERS WHAT OBVIOUSLY CAN'T BE PREDICTED AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR.

>> Ill: AS WE WENT INTO THE WEEKEND WE HEARD CATASTROPHIC FORECASTS THAT RIVERS WOULD RUN IN THE STREETS OF NEW YORK AND BASICALLY THE STORM WOULD BE MUCH WORSE THAN IT WAS. HOW ACCURATE WERE THOSE FORECASTS?

>> WELL FIRST I WOULD SAY, LOOK, WE STILL HAD LOSS OF LIFE OCCASIONED WITH HURRICANE IRENE. THIS WAS A SERIOUS STORM. BUT HERE IS THE PROBLEM THAT CONFRONTED LOCAL OFFICIALS. LAST FRIDAY AND SATURDAY. WHICH IS TO SAY THAT THE PROJECTIONS WERE THAT THE PATH OF IRENE WAS GOING TO COME RIGHT UP INTO LONG IOWA LAND AND IT WAS DIFFICULT TO MEASURE WHAT THE LEVEL OF INTENSITY BO BE AT THAT POINT IN TIME. IF THAT FORECAST WOULD HAVE BEEN TO THE WEST IT WOULD HAVE BEEN RIGHT THROUGH WALL STREET. THE MAYOR MADE I THINK REALLY THE ONLY DECISION POSSIBLE WHICH WAS TO EVACUATE LOW-LYING AREAS PARTICULARLY HOSPITAL, NURSING HOMES AND SO FORTH. BECAUSE YOU CAN'T DO THAT AFTER THE FACT. BETTER TO BE PREPARED.

>> Ifill: IT SOUNDS LIKE YOU'RE SAYING BETTER SAFE THAN SORRY.

>> WELL IT'S A GOOD ADAGE FOR THIS BUT IT WAS ALSO A VERY REASONABLE IN THIS CASE BECAUSE THE FORECAST WHILE THEY ARE VERY GOOD ARE NEVER AS PRECISE AS ONE WOULD HOPE AND SO YOU'VE GOT TO MAKE YOUR BEST DECISIONS BASED ON THE INFORMATION YOU HAVE.

>> Ifill: SECRETARY JANET KNOW PAL TON OH, THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Brown: STILL TO COME ON THE "NEWSHOUR": THE REBEL ADVANCE IN LIBYA; THE PROPOSED OIL PIPELINE FROM CANADA TO THE GULF COAST; CRITICAL DRUGS IN SHORT SUPPLY AND THE GEOGRAPHY OF MARRIAGE. BUT FIRST, THE OTHER NEWS OF THE DAY. HERE'S HARI SREENIVASAN.

>> Sreenivasan: WALL STREET RALLIED TODAY ON RELIEF THAT HURRICANE IRENE CAUSED LESS DAMAGE THAN FEARED. STOCKS ALSO GOT A BOOST FROM NEWS THAT CONSUMER SPENDING ROSE IN JULY BY THE MOST IN FIVE MONTHS. THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE GAINED MORE THAN 254 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 11,539. THE NASDAQ ROSE 82 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 2,562. PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS NOMINATED ALAN KRUEGER TO CHAIR HIS COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS. IF THE SENATE AGREES, THE PRINCETON ECONOMIST AND FORMER TREASURY DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL WOULD REPLACE AUSTAN GOOLSBEE, WHO STEPPED DOWN EARLIER THIS MONTH. THE PRESIDENT MADE THE ANNOUNCEMENT FROM THE WHITE HOUSE ROSE GARDEN, WITH KRUEGER AT HIS SIDE.

>> WE NEED FOLKS IN WASHINGTON TO MAKE DECISIONS BASED ON WHAT'S BEST FOR THE COUNTRY, NOT... NOT WHAT'S BEST FOR ANY POLITICAL PARTY OR SPECIAL INTEREST. THAT'S HOW WE'LL GET THROUGH THIS PERIOD OF ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY, AND THAT'S THE ONLY WAY THAT WE'LL BE ABLE TO DO WHAT'S NECESSARY TO GROW THE ECONOMY.

>> Sreenivasan: THE PRESIDENT ALSO CONFIRMED HE'LL UNVEIL HIS NEW JOBS INITIATIVE NEXT WEEK. A FEDERAL JUDGE IN ALABAMA HAS BLOCKED THE STATE'S STRICT NEW IMMIGRATION LAW FOR A MONTH. TODAY'S RULING GIVES THE JUDGE MORE TIME TO CONSIDER CLAIMS THAT THE LAW IS UNCONSTITUTIONAL. THE ALABAMA STATUTE IS GENERALLY CONSIDERED THE TOUGHEST IN THE NATION. AMONG OTHER THINGS, IT MAKES IT A CRIME TO KNOWINGLY AID ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS. FUNERALS WERE HELD TODAY IN IRAQ FOR VICTIMS OF A SUICIDE BOMBING AT BAGHDAD'S LARGEST SUNNI MOSQUE. 29 PEOPLE DIED WHEN THE ATTACKER BLEW HIMSELF UP LAST NIGHT, AS WORSHIPPERS ATTENDED A SPECIAL SERVICE FOR THE MUSLIM MONTH OF RAMADAN. THE BOMBER HAD DISGUISED HIMSELF AS AN INJURED BEGGAR AND ATTENDED PRAYERS FOR THE LAST WEEK. IRAQI RELIGIOUS OFFICIALS SAID GUARDS DID NOT SEARCH THE MAN LAST NIGHT BECAUSE THEY RECOGNIZED HIM. SENIOR PAKISTANI OFFICIALS STOPPED SHORT TODAY OF CONFIRMING THAT AL-QAEDA'S NEW SECOND-IN-COMMAND HAS BEEN KILLED. AMERICAN OFFICIALS HAD REPORTED THAT ATIYAH ABD AL-RAHMAN DIED LAST MONDAY IN A MISSILE STRIKE BY A U.S. DRONE AIRCRAFT. HE BECAME AL-QAEDA'S NUMBER TWO AFTER AYMAN AL-ZAWAHRI TOOK OVER THE GROUP WHEN A U.S. RAID KILLED OSAMA BIN LADEN. IN INDIA, AN ANTI-CORRUPTION ACTIVIST ANNA HAZARE WAS HAILED BY THE PUBLIC AND PRESS TODAY. HE ENDED A 12-DAY FAST ON SUNDAY, AFTER PARLIAMENT AGREED TO SET UP A WATCHDOG AGENCY. IT IS SUPPOSED TO ROOT OUT RAMPANT GRAFT, INCLUDING THE BUYING AND SELLING OF PARLIAMENT VOTES. HAZARE IS 74 YEARS OLD. HE EMERGED FROM THE FAST MORE THAN 16 POUNDS THINNER, AND VOWED HIS FIGHT WILL GO ON. ACTIVISTS IN SYRIA WARNED TODAY AGAINST TAKING UP WEAPONS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT. A PROMINENT OPPOSITION GROUP SAID IT WOULD UNDERMINE THE PROTEST MOVEMENT'S MORAL SUPERIORITY OVER THE REGIME. MEANWHILE, SECURITY FORCES RAIDED A SERIES OF TOWNS AND VILLAGES WITH REPORTS OF AT LEAST SIX KILLED. THOSE ARE SOME OF THE DAY'S MAJOR STORIES. NOW, BACK TO GWEN.

>> Ifill: IN LIBYA TODAY, REBELS CONTINUE THEIR DOGGED PURSUIT OF THE MAN WHO RAN THE COUNTRY FOR 42 YEARS. MARGARET WARNER HAS THAT STORY.

>> Warner: THE RACE TO FIND MOAMMAR QADDAFI HAS SHIFTED EAST FROM REBEL-CONQUERED TRIPOLI TO THE LIBYAN LEADER'S COASTAL HOMETOWN OF SIRTE.

>> WE ARE LOOKING FOR QADDAFI: IN THE SKY, IN EARTH, IN THE STREET, ANYWAY THE GAME IS OVER.

>> Warner: THERE WERE NO RELIABLE REPORTS OF GADHAFI'S ACTUAL WHEREABOUTS, THOUGH IT WAS CONFIRMED THAT HIS WIFE, DAUGHTER AND TWO OF HIS SONS FLED TO NEIGHBORING ALGERIA TODAY. AND THERE WERE UNCONFIRMED REPORTS THAT ANOTHER SON KHAMIS HAD BEEN KILLED. QADDAFI LOYALISTS IN SIRTE PLEDGED TO RESIST THE REBELS CONVERGING FROM THE WEST AND EAST. BUT THE MILITARY CHIEF OF THE TRANSITIONAL NATIONAL COUNCIL-- THE OPPOSITION'S LOOSE-KNIT GOVERNING BODY-- SAID THEY WERE HOPING TO AVOID A FIGHT.

>> ( translated ): THERE ARE NEGOTIATIONS GOING ON AT THE MOMENT AMONGST LEADERS; BETWEEN THE PEOPLE OF SIRTE AND OURSELVES.

>> Warner: THE COUNCIL'S JUSTICE MINISTER SAID IF QADDAFI WERE TAKEN ALIVE, LIBYAN JUSTICE-- NOT THE ARREST WARRANT ISSUED BY THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT -- WOULD GOVERN HIS FATE.

>> ( translated ): IF QADDAFI WERE TO BE CAUGHT, OUR NATIONAL JUSTICE WILL BE THE ORIGINAL ONE TO BE REINFORCED AND THE INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE IS THE SECONDARY ONE.

>> Warner: THE REBELS ALSO DECLARED THEY WILL NOT EXTRADITE THE LIBYAN CONVICTED IN THE 1988 BOMBING OF PAN FLIGHT 103 OVER LOCKBERBIE, SCOTLAND. SCOTTISH AUTHORITIES FREED ABDEL BASET AL-MEGRAHI IN 2009, THINKING HE WAS TERMINALLY ILL. BUT HIS BROTHER SAID TODAY HE'S STILL ALIVE, AND IN A COMA. FOR NOW, THE REBEL ALLIANCE FACED THE MORE IMMEDIATE CHALLENGE OF GETTING THE CAPITAL, TRIPOLI FUNCTIONING AGAIN AFTER LAST WEEK'S FIERCE FIGHTING, AND MONTHS OF NATO BOMBARDMENT. SEVERE WATER SHORTAGES AND POWER OUTAGES HAVE AFFECTED SWATHS OF FOR TRIPOLI.

>> Warner: DO PEOPLE HAVE THE BASICS? I MEAN, FOOD, WATER, ELECTRICITY?

>> THERE'S NOT A LOT OF WATER TO BE HONEST WITH YOU. THERE'S NOT A LOT OF WATER ANYWHERE. THERE'S SOME DRINKING WATER BUT VERY LITTLE WATER COMING OUT OF THE TAPS ANYWHERE IN TRIPOLI. THERE HAVE BEEN SOME DELIVERIES. COMMUNITIES ARE GETTING THEIR OWN WATER AND DISTRIBUTING IT THEMSELVES. ELECTRICITY HAS BEEN INTERMITTENT. HAVEN'T NOTICED ANY POWER CUTS TODAY BUT IT HAS BEEN A PROBLEM. OTHERWISE, YOU KNOW, GENERALLY THERE ARE SOME SHORTAGES. THERE HAVE BEEN SHORTAGES OF BABY MILK. THERE ARE SOME SHORTAGES OF DRUG IN THE HOSPITALS. SO THE CITY'S STILL STRUGGLING BUT PEOPLE ARE COPING. GENERALLY NEIGHBORHOODS ARE WORKING TOGETHER. NEIGHBORS ARE HELPING EACH OTHER OUT. YOU KNOW, THERE'S A GOOD SPIRIT IN THE STREETS.

>> Warner: HOW ARE THE REBELS BEHAVING NOW THAT THEY'RE IN CONTROL? AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL HAS ACCUSED THEM OF TORTURE AND ABUSE OF QADDAFI LOYALISTS.

>> I MEAN THERE ARE SOME QUESTION MARKS THERE. ABOUT HOW THEY'RE TREATING SOME OF THE QADDAFI TROOPS THAT THEY'RE CAPTURING PARTICULARLY PEOPLE THEY CONSIDER TO BE MERCENARIES. BASICALLY ANYONE WITH A BLACK SKIN THEY SUSPECT OF BEING A FOREIGNER FROM AN AFRICAN COUNTRY. THEY MAY BE FROM THE SOUTH OF LIBYA, BUT THEY TEND TO SUSPECT THEM OF NOT BEING SO. AND THERE ARE REPORTS THAT THEY'RE MISTREATING THEM. I HAVE TO SAY THERE'S NOTHING ON THE SCALE OR REMOTELY ON THE SCALE OF WHAT THE QADDAFI FORCES SEEM TO HAVE DONE AS THEY WITHDREW. WIDESPREAD MASSACRES OF PRISONERS BY QADDAFI FORCES. SEVERAL INSTANCES OF THAT. SO, YES, THERE ARE SOME QUESTION MARKS ABOUT THE REBELS BUT IT'S NOT ON THAT SCALE.

>> Warner: HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW AND CAN TELL US ABOUT HOW THE REBELS ADVANCE ON CERT IS PROGRESSING.

>> WELL, YOU KNOW, THEY'RE CLOSING IN. THEY'RE STEADILY CLOSING IN. THERE'S NO DOUBT ABOUT THAT BUT THEY HAVEN'T MADE THE FINAL THRUST. THEIR BEST FIGHTERS ACTUALLY ARE THE FIGHTERS HARDENED FOR THE BATTLE FROM MISRTA. MANY FIGHTERS HAVE BEEN SECURING TRIPOLI. I THINK THEY'RE HAVING A LITTLE BIT OF A BREAK. WHEN THEY GO TOWARDS CERT I THINK YOU'RE GOING TO SEE THEM JOIN IN THAT FINAL ASSAULT ON CERT. THERE IS TALK ABOUT NEGOTIATIONS GOING ON. WE HAVEN'T SEEN... FOR A PEACEFUL SURRENDER OF CERT. WE HAVEN'T SEEN ANY PROGRESS IN THOSE NEGOTIATIONS OR HAVEN'T HEARD ABOUT ANY PROGRESS IN THOSE NEGOTIATIONS. IF THEY FAIL, I THINK, YES, YOU WILL SEE IN THE NEXT FEW DAYS SORT OF A CONCERTED STEPPING UP OF THE PRESSURE ON CERT AND POSSIBLY A FINAL ASSAULT.

>> Warner: IS THE PROSPECT OF A NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT WITH QADDAFI UNDER WHICH, FOR INSTANCE, HE COULD LEAVE THE COUNTRY, IS THAT STILL IN THE CARDS AT ALL?

>> NO. THAT'S COMPLETELY OFF THE TABLE. THE NEW GOVERNMENT HERE HAS MADE THAT VERY CLEAR. THEY'RE HUNTING QADDAFI AS A CRIMINAL. THEY WANT TO BRING HIM TO JUSTICE. THEY WANT TO BRING HIM TO JUST INDIANAPOLIS IN LIBYA, IF THAT HAPPENS. BUT, YES, NEGOTIATIONS, IF THEY EVER WERE INTERESTED IN NEGOTIATIONS THEY'RE CERTAINLY NOT INTERESTED IN THEM NOW. THEY THINK THEY MORE OR LESS WON. THEY WANT TO SEE QADDAFI CAPTURED OR KILLED. THAT IS WHAT MOST LIBYANS SAY. THEY WON'T FEEL COMPLETELY SECURE UNTIL QADDAFI IS CAPTURED. YOU KNOW, THEY DON'T NECESSARILY WANT HIM TO BE LYNCHED. THEY WANT HIM TO BE ON PUT TRIAL. THEY WANT HIM TO PAY FOR WHAT THEY CONSIDER TO BE HIS CRIMES.

>> Warner: FINALLY BRIEFY, DOES ANYONE HAVE ANY IDEA OF WHERE HE IS RIGHT NOW?

>> THE HONEST ANSWER IS NOT REALLY. I MEAN, WE DO HAVE THESE REPORTS CONFIRMED BY THE ALGERIAN GOVERNMENT THAT MEMBERS OF HIS FAMILY HAVE FLED TO ALGERIA. IT'S ENTIRELY POSSIBLE THAT HE MAY HAVE JOINED THEM BUT THE ALGERIANS AREN'T ADMITTING THAT THERE. HE DOESN'T WANT TO ADMIT THAT YET. THERE ARE REPORTS HE COULD BE IN A TOWN SOUTH OF MS. RAT A WHICH IS A TOWN WHERE HE DOES HAVE TRIBALLY A LOT OF SUPPORT, SO THAT'S A POSSIBILITY. THERE ARE OTHER TOWNS IN THE SOUTH THAT WE HEAR ABOUT FROM TIME TO TIME. THERE'S POTENTIAL THERE FOR QADDAFI. I SUSPECT HE'S NOT IN CERT BECAUSE CERT HAS BEEN, YOU KNOW, HAS BEEN MORE OR LESS SURROUNDED. SO I SUSPECT IF HE'S ONE STEP AHEAD HE'S PROBABLY SOMEWHERE ELSE BUT THAT'S PRETTY MUCH ALL WE KNOW.

>> Warner: SIMON DENYER OF THE "WASHINGTON POST," THANKS SO MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Brown: NEXT, A FRIENDLY AND SAFE NEW SOURCE OF OIL FOR THE U.S. OR AN ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER WAITING TO HAPPEN? THE TAR SANDS OF ALBERTA, IN WESTERN CANADA, ARE TODAY CONSIDERED ONE OF THE LARGEST OIL RESERVES IN THE WORLD-- A SOURCE OF CRUDE PETROLEUM KNOWN AS BITUMEN. BUT THE EXTRACTION OF OIL THERE HAS COME WITH MANY CONCERNS ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND NOW THOSE CONCERNS HAVE EXPLODED WITH A PLAN BY THE CALGARY-BASED COMPANY TRANSCANADA TO BUILD A MASSIVE PIPELINE TO CARRY THAT CRUDE OIL DEEP INTO THE U.S. THE PROPOSED KEYSTONE X.L. PIPELINE WOULD RUN 1,700 MILES THROUGH MONTANA, SOUTH DAKOTA, NEBRASKA AND OKLAHOMA ON ITS WAY TO REFINERIES IN TEXAS. IT'S PROJECTED TO COST $7 BILLION AND CARRY AN ESTIMATED 800,000 BARRELS OF OIL A DAY. THE PLAN HAS GALVANIZED A GROWING OPPOSITION FROM THOSE WHO FEAR IT WOULD INCREASE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AS WELL AS THE PROSPECTS OF LEAKS AND SPILLS IN ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS. ACTIVISTS ARE IN THE MIDST OF A TWO-WEEK PROTEST AT THE WHITE HOUSE-- SOME 400 HAVE BEEN ARRESTED SO FAR. ON FRIDAY, THEY WERE DEALT A BLOW BY THE U.S. STATE DEPARTMENT, WHICH RELEASED A REPORT FINDING THE PIPELINE PROJECT WILL PRESENT NO SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. A FINAL DECISION TO ALLOW OR REJECT THE PIPELINE WILL COME FROM SECRETARY OF STATE CLINTON AND ULTIMATELY PRESIDENT OBAMA. IT'S EXPECTED BY THE END OF THE YEAR. AND WE HAVE OUR OWN DEBATE ON THE KEYSTONE PIPELINE PROJECT NOW, WITH ROBERT BRYCE, MANAGING EDITOR OF "ENERGY TRIBUNE MAGAZINE." AND BILL McKIBBEN AN ENVIROMENTALIST, AUTHOR AND ORGANIZER OF THE ONGOING PROTESTS IN WASHINGTON THIS WEEK. BILL McKINNON, WHY THESE PROTESTS? WHAT ARE THE KEY PROBLEMS YOU SEE WITH THIS PROJECT.

>> YOU KNOW, THIS HAS TURNED INTO THE BIGGEST CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE ACTION IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT IN A GENERATION. THE REASON IS THAT THESE TAR SANDS IN ALBERTA IS A BIG DEAL. IT'S THE SECOND LARGEST POOL OF CARBON ON EARTH AFTER THE OIL FIELDS OF SAUDI ARABIA. JIM HANSSEN OF NASA WHO WAS ARRESTED TODAY, REALLY THE WORLD'S FOREMOST CLIMATE SCIENTIST, SAID AS HE WAS SPEAKING THIS MORNING, IF WE GO AHEAD AND BEGIN TAPPING THESE UNCONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES OF WHICH THE TAR SANDS ARE THE BIGGEST EXAMPLE, IT IS-- AND I QUOTE-- ESSENTIALLY GAME OVER FOR THE CLIMATE. SINCE FOR ONCE OBAMA CAN STOP A PROJECT WITHOUT HAVING CONGRESS IN THE WAY, THIS HAS BECOME THE FOCAL POINT. THESE ARRESTS HAVE ACTUALLY NOW OVER 500 PEOPLE, THE NUMBERS ARE JUST GROWING AND GROWING DAY AFTER DAY.

>> Brown: WE'RE GO INTO SOME OF THE DETAILS. AS A GENERAL PROPOSITION YOU SUPPORT THIS. WHY DO YOU THINK IT SHOULD GO THROUGH?

>> I DO. JEFF, I APPRECIATE BILL McKIBBEN'S PASSION ON THE ISSUE. I UNDERSTAND HIS POSITION. BUT MY POSITION IS VERY SIMPLE. I'M FOR CHEAP, ABUNDANT RELIABLE ENERGY PARTICULARLY NOW IN THE U.S. WHEN WE HAVE OVER 45 MILLION AMERICANS ON FOOD STAMP MORE THAN 9 MILLION UNEMPLOYED. THE UNEMPLOYED OR UNDEREMPLOYED IS PROBABLY TWICE THAT NUMBER. WE NEED CHEAP ENERGY. THIS PROJECT WILL PROVIDE ABUNDANT AND RELIABLE ENERGY. THE OIL SANDS IN CANADA HAVE OVER 100 BILLION BARRELS OF OIL IN THEM. WE NEED IT NOW GIVEN PARTICULARLY BECAUSE WE WANT NORTH AMERICAN ENERGY PRODUCTION. BETTER OFF IF IT'S DOMESTIC. WE'VE BEEN RELYING ON MEXICO AND CANADA FOR MANY YEARS. OVER THE LAST DECADE MEXICO'S OIL PRODUCTION HAS FALLEN BY 600,000 BARRELS AND CANADA'S HAS RISEN BY MORE THAN 600,000. WE NEED THE RELIABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION AS CLOSE TO HOME AS WE CAN. IF WE CAN BUY IT FROM FRIENDS AND ALLIES THAT'S EVEN BETTER.

>> Brown: THAT'S THE ARGUMENT. WE NEED THE OIL. WHY NOT GET IT FROM A FRIEND RATHER THAN BE MORE DEPENDENT ELSEWHERE AND ESPECIALLY IF IT PROVIDES U.S. JOBS. THAT'S THE ARGUMENT.

>> YOU KNOW, THERE'S GOT TO BE A BETTER WAY TO DEAL WITH OUR FOOD STAMP PROBLEM ESPECIALLY WHEN, AS WE'RE NOW BEGINNING TO SEE AFTER A YEAR OF THE MOST VIOLENT AND EXTREME WEATHER WE'VE EVER RECORDED FROM THE PLANET, AFTER THE PRICE OF FOOD HAS GONE UP AROUND THE WORLD 80% BECAUSE WE'RE MISSING HARVEST AFTER HARVEST WITH DROUGHT AND WITH FLOOD, WE'VE GOT TO TAKE GLOBAL WARMING COMPLETELY SERIOUSLY. I UNDERSTAND THE REALISM THAT ROBERT BRINGS TO THIS BUT THERE IS A DEEPER REALISM AT WORK HERE. IF WE DO NOT GET TO WORK ON CLIMATE CHANGE NOW-- AND THIS HAS BECOME "THE" PROXY FIGHT FOR CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION. THIS IS A GUY WHO WITH HE WAS NOMINATED SAID, "IN MY PRESIDENCY, THE RISE OF THE OCEANS WILL BEGIN TO SLOW AND THE PLANET WILL BEGIN TO HEAL." CONGRESS HAS KEPT HIM FROM KEEPING MANY OF THOSE PROMISES BUT THIS TIME HE CAN.

>> Brown: IN THE STATE DEPARTMENT REPORT IF I UNDERSTAND THIS RIGHTLY, THEY'RE SAYING THE EXTRACTION IS GOING TO HAPPEN ANYWAY AND GREENHOUSE GAS....

>> THAT'S WHAT'S SO INTERESTING BECAUSE THE CANADIANS AREN'T SAYING THAT. THEY HAVE TO HAVE... ALBERTA IS A LONG WAY FROM ANYWHERE. WE HAVE TO HAVE A PIPELINE TO GET IT OUT. THE ONE THEY'RE TRYING TO BUILD WEST TO THE PACIFIC HAS BEEN COMPLETELY BLOCKED FOR YEARS BY INDIAN TRIBES IN CANADA WITH A LOT OF LEGAL POWER. THE ENERGY MINISTER OF ALBERTA SAID A COUPLE OF WEEKS AGO IF WE DON'T GET THIS KEYSTONE PIPELINE WE'RE GOING TO BE LAND LOCKED IN OIL. THAT'S WHAT WE NEED. IT'S NOT THAT WE'RE GOING TO NECESSARILY KEEP IT IN THE GROUND FOREVER BY BLOCKING THIS PIPELINE. BUT SOONER OR LATER, THE WORLD IS GOING TO COME TO ITS SENSES ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE. THEREFORE, PREVENTING IT FOR FIVE OR TEN YEARS IS A PRETTY GOOD THING.

>> Brown: ONE ISSUE IS THE....

>> LET ME TALK ABOUT THE CO-2. I RESPECT BILL'S POSITION BUT LET'S LOOK AT THE NUMBERS. OVER THE LAST DECADE DURING WHICH WE'VE HEARD-- AND BILL HAS BEEN ON THE FOREFRONT OF THIS FRONT AND AL GORE HAS THEN THE FOREFRONT TALKING ABOUT CO-2 LIMITS AND TAXATIONS, ET CETERA. WE'VE HAD MEETINGS IN COPENHAGEN AND CANCUN AND A MEETING IN DURBAN SOUTH AFRICA LAST THIS YEAR. WE'VE HAD AN UNPRECEDENTED AMOUNT OF MEDIA COVERAGE ABOUT CO-2 TAX IGS. GLOBAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION HAS GONE UP 27%. GLOBAL CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS HAVE GONE UP 28.5%. DURING THAT SAME DECADE CO-T EMISSIONS HAVE FALLEN BY 1.7%. THE ISSUE IS NOT THE U.S. IT'S THE REST OF THE WORLD WHERE PEOPLE ARE DESPERATE FOR ELECTRICITY, DESPERATE FOR GASOLINE AND DIESEL FUEL. COUNTRIES LIKE VIETNAM WHICH HAS HAD THE BIGGEST GROWTH OF CO-2 EMISSIONS THAN ANY ON THE PLANET. INDONESIA, BRAZIL, PAKISTAN, ALL AROUND THE WORLD.

>> Brown: YOU MEAN IT WILL GO SOMEWHERE ELSE.

>> IF IT DOESN'T COME TO THE U.S., IT WILL FIND ITS WAY TO THE MARKET. WHY? BECAUSE WE HAVE A BILLION MOTOR VEHICLES ON THE PLANET AND PEOPLE WANT MOBILITY. AGAIN, MY THESIS IS IT'S CHEAP, ABUNDANT, RELIABLE. THIS PIPELINE IS A KEY PART OF THAT.

>> Brown: GO AHEAD. GOING SOMEWHERE?

>> IT MAY GO SOME PLACE SOME DAY. ROBERT IS ABSOLUTELY RIGHT. WE'VE LOST THE BATTLE FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS TO DO ANYTHING ABOUT SERIOUSLY REGULATING GREENHOUSE GASES BUT THAT'S BECAUSE THE OIL INDUSTRY AND THE FOSSIL FUEL INDUSTRY HAVE WON ALL THOSE FIGHTS. NO SURPRISE. THEY HAVE MORE MONEY THAN ANY INDUSTRY ON EARTH. THAT'S WHY WE'VE BEEN WORKING HARD TO FIND A DIFFERENT CURRENCY TO WORK IN. FOR THE LAST TWO WEEKS IT'S BEEN OUR BODIES HERE IN WASHINGTON. IT'S BEGINNING TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE. THIS TIDE IS BEGINNING TO TURN AT LEAST HERE. THE ONE THING I WOULD SAY SINCE I DO A LOT OF WORK AROUND THE WORLD ON THIS. LOOK, PLACES LIKE VIETNAM ARE USING MORE ENERGY. LET'S NOT LET MERNG OFF THE HOOK AS NOT A PART OF THIS PROBLEM. YOUR AVERAGE VIETNAMESE USES A TINY FRACTION OF THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY YOUR AVERAGE AMERICAN DOES. WE HAVE TO TAKE CARE OF OUR... THE REAL EXAMPLE, THE REAL PLACE TO LOOK AT HERE FOR ME IS THIS. 25 YEARS AGO WE FIGURED OUT THAT BRAZIL HAD A UNIQUE BIOLOGICAL TREASURE. THE RAIN FOREST. WE ASKED THEM TO PRESERVE IT. THEY'VE DONE A PRETTY GOOD JOB, YOU KNOW. THEY'VE SLOWED DEFOR HE IS TAGS AND PRODUCE CARBON EMISSIONS MORE THAN ANYBODY ON EARTH. NORTH AMERICA HAS A UNIQUE GEO LOGICAL FORMATION OF THIS HUGE POOL OF TAR SANDS. IT'S NOT TOO MUCH TO ASK US TO FOREGO THAT AND TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO BEGIN DTSES.

>> LET'S TALK ABOUT BRAZIL IF YOU DON'T MIND. WHAT'S HAPPENED IN BRAZIL OVER THE LAST DECADE OIL PRODUCTION HAS GROWN FASTER PERHAPS THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY ON THE PLANET. THEIR OFF-SHORE OIL INDUSTRY THEY'RE AMONG THE BEST IN THE WORLD AT OFF SHORE DRILLING AND PRODUCING ON THE ORDER OF 2.MILLION BARRELS A DAY. THIS IDEA THAT SOMEHOW WE'RE GOING TO GET THIS CARBON IN THE GROUND THE PREMIUM FOR BETTER LIVES AROUND THE WORLD AMONG THE BILLIONS THAT LIVE IN ENERGY POVERTY IS TOO GREAT.

>> Brown: WE'RE TALKING ABOUT THE EMISSIONS ASPECT OF THIS. THE OTHER THING THE PEOPLE WONDER ABOUT IS THE PIPELINE ITSELF. THE POSSIBILITY OF LEAKS AND SPILLAGE. WE JUST SAW THIS IN THE YELLOWSTONE RIVER IN THIS SUMMER.

>> WE SAW THEM BLOW OUT LAST SUMMER. EVERY ENERGY SOURCE, EVERY POWER SOURCE EXACTS A TOLL ON THE ENVIRONMENT. THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A FREE LUNCH IN ENERGY OR ANYTHING. IS THERE A POSSIBILITY OF LEAKS AND DAMAGE? OF COURSE. BUT WE HAVE TWO MILLION MILES OF NATURAL GAS PIPELINE IN THIS COUNTRY. THE CHEAPEST, MOST EFFECTIVE, SAFEST WAY FOR TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL GAS AND OIL IS WITH PIPELINE.

>> THE PRECURSOR PIPELINE TO THIS ONE, A MUCH SMALLER ONE IN ITS FIRST YEAR OF OPERATIONS MANAGED TO SPRING 12 LEAKS. FOR SOME REASON, WE'RE RUNNING THIS PARTICULAR PIPELINE OVER THE AQUIFER, THE BIGGEST SORTS OF FRESH WATER IN THE MIDDLE OF OUR CONTINENT. THE DESIRE TO PREVENT THE TERRESTRIALIAL BP SPILL IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF THIS TOO. IF IT GETS THERE SAFELY TO TEXAS THAT'S THAT MUCH MORE OIL TO SPILL INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. THIS THING IS DIRTY AT EVERY TURN. IT'S WHY FOR THE FIRST TIME IN A LONG TIME THERE ARE PEOPLE GOING TO JAIL RIGHT NOW TO TRY AND STOP IT.

>> WELL, LET ME JUST TURN BACK TO THE CO-2 EMISSIONS BECAUSE BILL AND I WERE TALKING ABOUT THIS JUST A LITTLE BIT AGO. I MENTIONED GLOBAL CO-2 EMISSIONS HAVE RISEN BY 20.5% IN THE LAST DECADE. THAT'S 7.3 BILLION TONS PER YEAR. YOU COULD ZERO OUT U.S. CO-2 EMISSIONS AND GLOBAL CO-2 EMISSIONS ON AN ANNUAL BASIS STILL WOULD HAVE INCREASED. THE PROBLEM IS AGAIN THE U.S., WHY DO WE LIVE WELL AND HAVE HIGH CO-2 EMISSIONS BECAUSE WE USE A LOT OF ENERGY.

>> Brown: YOU'RE WEARING YOUR OBAMA '08. YOU SUPPORTED HIM THIS TIME AROUND. YOU SET THIS UP AS A MAJOR CHALLENGE TO HIM.

>> WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING OUTSIDE THE WHITE HOUSE IS WE NEED TO BE REMINDED OF WHY WE WERE SO ENTHUSIASTIC FOUR YEARS AGO. WHEN I WAS IN JAIL IN THE CENTRAL CELL BLOCK THE OTHER DAY SOMEONE WHO WAS LIE ING THERE ON THE COT NEXT TO ME SAID THE LAST TIME I WAS THIS UNCOMFORTABLE I WAS IN A CHURCH BASEMENT WAITING TO GO KNOCK ON DOORS FOR OBAMA. I WANT TO REMEMBER WHY I WAS THAT FIRED UP.

>> Brown: THANK YOU BOTH VERY MUCH.

>> Ifill: NOW, HOW A SHORTAGE OF SOME KEY DRUGS ARE CREATING PROBLEMS FOR PATIENTS. "NEWSHOUR" HEALTH CORRESPONDENT BETTY ANN BOWSER HAS OUR REPORT.

>> Reporter: THIS IS WHAT BRUCE AND KELLY BLAIR HAD BEEN WAITING TO HEAR FOR SIX MONTHS.

>> THE BONE MARROW BIOPSY SHOWS THAT YOU ARE IN COMPLETE REMISSION. AFTER ALL THE INDUCTION THERAPY, THE CONSOLIDATION, ALL THE ISSUES-- YOU'RE IN REMISSION.

>> Reporter: JUST AFTER CHRISTMAS, 55-YEAR-OLD CIVIL ENGINEER BRUCE BLAIR WAS HANDED A POTENTIAL DEATH SENTENCE: ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA, AN AGGRESSIVE FORM OF CANCER THAT DESTROYS HEALTHY BLOOD CELLS. NORMALLY BLAIR'S DOCTORS IN SUBURBAN WASHINGTON D.C. WOULD HAVE INUNDATED HIS BODY WITH CYTERABINE-- A LOW COST GENERIC CHEMOTHERAPY DRUG THAT CURES A HIGH PERCENTAGE OF CASES. BUT FOR BLAIR THERE WAS NO CYTARABINE, BECAUSE IT WAS ONE OF OVER 180 CRITICAL GENERIC DRUGS IN SHORT SUPPLY ALL OVER THE COUNTRY. ARE WE TALKING ABOUT DRUGS THAT LITERALLY CREATE A LIFE AND DEATH SITUATION SOMETIMES?

>> ABSOLUTELY. THAT'S RIGHT.

>> Reporter: CAPTAIN VALERIE JENSEN IS THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION'S OFFICE THAT TRACKS SHORTAGES. IS THIS UNPRECEDENTED?

>> IT IS. WHEN WE LOOK BACK AT THE LAST SIX YEARS SINCE WE'VE TRACKED SHORTAGES WE'VE NOT SEEN THESE LEVELS. WE'VE NOT SEEN ANYTHING NEAR THESE LEVELS.

>> Reporter: IN JUNE, THE AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION SURVEYED ITS MEMBERS AND FOUND 82% OF PATIENTS WHO COULDN'T GET MEDICATIONS ON THE SHORTAGE LIST EXPERIENCED DELAYED TREATMENT AND OF THOSE WHO WERE GIVEN A SUBSTITUTE, 69% GOT LESS EFFECTIVE TREATMENT. THE PHARMACISTS WHO PRACTICE IN THOSE HOSPITALS ARE ESPECIALLY CONCERNED ABOUT THE SITUATION. JOSEPH HILL IS LEGISLATIVE DIRECTOR OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEALTH SYSTEMS PHARMACISTS, WHICH HAS BEEN FOLLOWING THE PROBLEM.

>> THIS IS REALLY APPROACHING CRISIS LEVELS FROM OUR MEMBERS PERSPECTIVE. THEY ARE FINDING THAT THEY ARE HAVING TO SCRAMBLE TO FIND PRODUCTS AND THERE IS CERTAINLY CONCERN THAT CARE IS GOING TO BE RATIONED OR DELAYED BECAUSE THEY

>> Reporter: ABOUT 60% OF ALL THE CRITICAL DRUGS IN SHORT SUPPLY ARE GENERIC STERILE INJECTIBLES LIKE THESE, THEY COME FROM THE DRUG MANUFACTURERS IN SELF CONTAINED DOSES READY TO BE INJECTED. THEY ARE MOSTLY LOW COST GENERICS GIVEN IN HOSPITAL SETTINGS. THEY ARE ALSO CRITICAL DRUGS, ONES USED TO KEEP PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT ALIVE. ANTI CANCER DRUGS FOR WHICH THERE MAY BE NO SUBSTITUTE AND MEDICATIONS CRUCIAL FOR SOME SURGERIES. MOST OF THE OTHER 40% ON THE SHORTAGE LIST ARE BRAND NAME DRUGS STILL UNDER U.S. GOVERNMENT PATENT, FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO GENERIC EQUIVALENTS. AND FEW OF THEM ARE CRITICAL TO PATIENT CARE.

>> HOW'S YOUR ENERGY?

>> Reporter: WHEN BLAIR'S ONCOLOGIST DR. DIPTI PATEL WAS UNABLE TO GET CYTARABINE, SHE CAME UP WITH A SUBSTITUTE, BUT IT WAS MORE TOXIC, TOOK LONGER TO ADMINISTER AND DID NOT HAVE THE SAME CURE RATE.

>> IT REALLY CRIPPLES OUR ABILITY TO TREAT PROPERLY. WE HAVE TO BECOME CREATIVE OF HOW TO TREAT PATIENTS SUCH AS THIS BECAUSE OFTEN LEUKEMIA PATIENTS CAN'T WAIT FOR THEIR TREATMENTS.

>> Reporter: PATEL PRACTICES AT VIRGINIA CANCER SPECIALISTS IN FAIRFAX VIRGINIA, PART OF THE U.S. ONCOLOGY NETWORK OF PHYSICIANS.

>> TIMING FOR ACUTE LEUKEMIA IN GENERAL IS VERY CRITICAL. I MEAN IT IS A VERY PROLIFERATIVE DISEASE. IT RAPIDLY DIVIDES AND OFTEN CAN CHANGE IN TERMS OF YOUR WHITE BLOOD COUNTS HOW YOU FEEL WITHIN DAYS SO IT IS NOT SOMETHING WE WATCH AND WAIT.

>> Reporter: ALTHOUGH THERE WAS NO SOLID EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE THAT SHOWED THE ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT WOULD WORK, PATEL WAS CONFIDENT. BUT THERE WERE STILL SOME SCARY MOMENTS.

>> THERE WAS ACTUALLY SOME CONCERNS AS TO WHAT'S GOING ON.

>> Reporter: WHETHER IT WAS WORKING.

>> WHETHER IT WAS WORKING, AND ACTUALLY THE OTHER CONCERN THAT WE WERE TOLD IS MAYBE THE CANCER IS BACK. WHEN YOU ARE GOING THROUGH THAT'S KIND OF THE LAST THING THAT YOU ACTUALLY WANT TO HEAR IS THAT MAYBE THE CANCER IS BACK. IT REALLY KINDS OF PUTS YOU A LITTLE BIT ON EDGE.

>> Reporter: THINGS MIGHT NOT HAVE BEEN SO EDGY FOR BLAIR IF MORE DRUG COMPANIES WERE STILL MAKING CRITICAL GENERIC DRUGS, BUT AS A NUMBER OF THEM HAVE UNDERGONE CONSOLIDATION OF THEIR MANUFACTURING LINES, SOME HAVE DROPPED OUT OF THE GENERIC MARKET ALTOGETHER. AND THE F.D.A. SAYS THERE IS SOMETHING ELSE DRIVING THE SHORTAGE-- MONEY.

>> WHEN WE ASKED FIRMS WHY THEY DISCONTINUE THESE DRUGS THE USUAL REASON THAT WE RECEIVE BACK IS THAT THESE ARE NOT PROFITABLE DRUGS SO AS NEWER DRUGS COME OFF PATENT OFTEN THOSE ARE PICKED UP BY FIRMS AND THEY WANT TO MAKE THOSE DRUGS BECAUSE THEY ARE MORE PROFITABLE AND THESE OLDER STERILE INJECTIBLES CAN GET DISCONTINUED FOR THAT REASON.

>> Reporter: THE DRUG INDUSTRY'S CHIEF TRADE ASSOCIATION, PHARMA, DECLINED THE PBS "NEWSHOUR'S" INVITATION FOR AN ON CAMERA INTERVIEW. HOWEVER THE GENERIC PHARMACEUTICALS ASSOCIATION'S BOB BILLINGS SAID HIS MEMBERS HAVE NO FINANCIAL INCENTIVE NOT TO MAKE ANY DRUG IN SHORT SUPPLY.

>> I CAN'T FATHOM THAT. OUR MEMBERS PROVIDE ACCESS. WE-- LAST YEAR OUT OF THE FOUR BILLION PRESCRIPTIONS DISPENSED IN THE U.S. THREE BILLION WERE GENERIC AND WE JUST CONTINUE TO WORK ON MAKING SURE THAT WE HAVE EVERY DRUG THAT WE MANUFACTURE ACCESSIBLE.

>> Reporter: BILLINGS SAYS SOME GENERIC DRUGS MAKERS HAVE TROUBLE GETTING RAW MATERIALS FROM OVERSEAS WHERE 80% OF ALL INGREDIENTS COME FROM TODAY. AND F.D.A. SAYS THERE HAVE BEEN PROBLEMS IN THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS.

>> WE'VE SEEN QUALITY ISSUES IN GENERAL THAT HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED ON INSPECTION AND THAT'S WHAT HAS BEEN OCCURRING AS WELL AS QUALITY ISSUES IN GENERAL THAT HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED OUTSIDE ONCE THE DRUG HAS ALREADY LEFT HE MANUFACTURER AND HAS REACHED HOSPITALS AND THAT HAS BEEN A MAJOR REASON FOR SHORTAGES THAT WE'VE SEEN AS WELL.

>> Reporter: EXACERBATING ALL OF THIS IS THE GRAY MARKET, WHERE MANY HOSPITALS HAVE HAD TO GO TO GET CRITICALLY NEEDED DRUGS. THIS IS A MARKET WHERE UNSCRUPULOUS SUPPLIERS HOARD DRUGS IN ANTICIPATION OF A SHORTAGE AND THEN WHEN IT HAPPENS, THEY JACK UP THE PRICE. ACCORDING TO A RECENT SURVEY DONE BY PREMIER-- A NATIONAL INFORMATION SHARING SERVICE, THE GRAY MARKETERS HAVE BEEN ASKING HOSPITALS AND THEIR PHARMACISTS TO PAY AN AVERAGE OF 650% MORE THAN THE NORMAL PRICE FOR SOME ONCOLOGY DRUGS AND ANESTHESIA PRODUCTS AND IN MOST STATES THERE IS NOTHING ABOUT THIS PRACTICE THAT'S ILLEGAL. DRUGMAKER HOSPIRA-- THE COMPANY THAT PRODUCES ROUGHLY HALF OF THE CYTARABINE ON THE MARKET-- NOW MAKES ITS DISTRIBUTORS SIGN CONTRACTS THAT KEEP SUPPLIERS FROM MANIPULATING THE DRUG'S PRICE. FEDERAL LEGISLATION THAT WOULD CREATE AN EARLY WARNING SYSTEM FOR FDA WHEN SHORTAGES ARE ABOUT TO OCCUR IS UNDER CONSIDERATION AND THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION HAS BEEN LOOKING INTO SETTING UP A NATIONAL SYSTEM TO STOCKPILE CRUCIAL DRUGS IN SHORT SUPPLY. MEANWHILE, DR. PATEL AND OTHERS REMAIN ON THE FRONT LINE OF A SERIOUS PROBLEM THAT HAS NO END IN SIGHT.

>> FRUSTRATING, UPSETTING. IT SOMETIMES DRIVE ME ABSOLUTELY UP THE WALL. I MEAN, WHEN WE ARE TALKING ABOUT DISEASES SUCH AS CANCER AND YOU HAVE SO MANY HURDLES TO CONQUER AS A PATIENT AND AS A PHYSICIAN TREATING PATIENTS AND THEN TO TOP THAT IS THIS JUST OUTRAGEOUS EXTERNAL FACTOR, IT'S JUST INFURIATING, INFURIATING

>> Reporter: BRUCE AND KELLY BLAIR LOOK FORWARD TO EACH DAY NOW, KNOWING THEY CAN COUNT THEMSELVES AMONG THE LUCKY ONES. BUT THEY ALSO WONDER. HOW MANY THOUSANDS OF OTHER PATIENTS ARE OUT THERE ALSO WITH CANCER, WHO NEED A DRUG THAT CAN CURE THEM, BUT IS UNAVAILABLE.

>> Brown: FINALLY TONIGHT: WHAT A NEW WAVE OF DATA ABOUT THE GEOGRAPHY OF MARRIAGE TELLS US ABOUT THE INSTITUTION ITSELF. RAY SUAREZ HAS THE STORY.

>> Suarez: AMONG THE NEWLY- RELEASED STUDIES IS A FIRST OF ITS KIND CENSUS BUREAU ANALYSIS OF MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE RATES BY REGION. THE REPORT, PUBLISHED LAST WEEK, FOUND THAT THE SOUTH AND WEST HAD THE HIGHEST RATES OF DIVORCE, WHILE THE NORTHEAST RANKED THE LOWEST OF THE FOUR REGIONS. AT THE SAME TIME, THE NUMBER OF UNMARRIED AMERICANS HAS REACHED A HISTORIC HIGH, AS THE CENSUS ALSO FOUND THAT 30% OF AMERICANS HAVE NEVER BEEN MARRIED-- THE LARGEST PERCENTAGE IN THE PAST 60 YEARS. AND YET ANOTHER CENSUS SNAPSHOT RELEASED BY THE WILLIAMS INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES FOUND THAT SAME-SEX COUPLES HAVE DISPERSED FROM URBAN ENCLAVES TO OTHER PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. JOINING US NOW TO LOOK AT WHAT ALL THIS MAY MEAN FOR THE INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE AND ITS ROLE IN AMERICAN LIFE, ARE: DAVID BLANKENHORN, FOUNDER OF THE INSTITUTE FOR AMERICAN VALUES AND, ELAINE TYLER MAY, PROFESSOR OF AMERICAN STUDIES AND HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA. DAVID BLANKENHORN, ARE WE IN THE MIDST OF A REDEFINITION OF AMERICAN MARRIAGE, WHY PEOPLE GET MARRIED, WHEN THEY DO IT IN THEIR LIVES, EVEN WHERE THEY DO IT AND WHAT THEY THINK IT'S FOR?

>> YES. I THINK THE SHIFT IN BROAD TERMS IS TOWARD, FOR MARRIAGE AS AN INSTITUTION, TO MARRIAGE AS A PRIVATE RELATIONSHIP, AN OPTION FOR A PRIVATE RELATIONSHIP. YOU KNOW, WHEN OUR PARENTS AND GRANDPARENTS' GENERATION, WHEN YOU GOT MARRIED YOU WERE JOINING AN INSTITUTION THAT HAD AUTHORITY, TOLD YOU THE RULES. YOU WERE SUPPOSED TO ACT IN ACCORD WITH ITS PROCEDURES. NOW THE SHIFT IS TOWARD PRIVATE ORDERING, EACH INDIVIDUAL COUPLE DEFINES THE RELATIONSHIP FOR THEMSELVES. ONE WAY TO THINK ABOUT IT IS IN AN EARLIER DAY, THE MARRIAGE VOW DEFINED THE COUPLE. NOW IT'S REALLY THE COUPLE DEFINING THE MARRIAGE VOW. SO A GREAT DEAL MORE FLEXIBILITY, FREEDOM OF CHOICE, A LOT MORE CONSTANT CHANGE IN THE INSTITUTION BUT THE ESSENTIAL SHIFT IS TOWARD PRIVATE ORDERING AND AWAY FROM INSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY.

>> Suarez: PROFESSOR MAY, YOU'VE BEEN WRITING ABOUT MARRIAGE FOR DECADES. DO YOU BUY THAT DEFINITION. COUPLES RATHER THAN SUBMITTING THEMSELVES TO ESTABLISHED IDEAS SHAPING MARRIAGE FOR THEMSELVES?

>> I DON'T THINK IT'S THAT NEW REALLY THAT COUPLES HAVE BEEN SHAPING THE INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE. I THINK WHAT'S DIFFERENT IS THAT PEOPLE DON'T NEED TO MARRY ANYMORE FOR THE SAME REASONS THAT THEY DID IN THE PAST. AND THAT THERE HAVE ALWAYS BEEN CHANGES IN PATTERNS OF MARRIAGE DEMOGRAPHY FOR THE LAST 100 YEARS OR SO. AND LONGER AGO THAN THAT. YOU KNOW, IF WE LOOK 100 YEARS AGO WE ALSO HAD A TIME WHEN THERE WAS INCREASED AGE AT MARRIAGE AND FEWER PEOPLE GETTING MARRIED AND A LOT OF PEOPLE CHOOSING JUST TO REMAIN SINGLE AND THE BIRTH RATE WAS GOING DOWN. WHAT WE SEE TODAY IS A VERY DIFFERENT KIND OF PATTERN. IT'S A LITTLE MORE EXTREME IN TERMS OF THE AGE AT MARRIAGE AND IN TERMS OF PEOPLE CHOOSING NOT TO MARRY. WE HAVE TO THINK ABOUT ALL THE CHANGES THAT HAVE HAPPENED IN THIS SOCIETY SINCE THEN. WOMEN BEING ABLE TO WORK AT JOBS THAT THEY USED TO HAVE NO NO ACCESS TO. DIVORCE IS NOT AS STIGMATIZED AS IT USED TO BE. CERTAINLY HAVING SEX OUTSIDE OF MARRIAGE OR BEFORE MARRIAGE IS NOT CARRYING THE HEAVY TABOO AND THE GREAT DANGER THAT IT DID EVEN 50 YEARS AGO. NOW WE HAVE BIRTH CONTROL AVAILABLE AND A LOT FEWER REASONS FOR PEOPLE TO ACTUALLY GET MARRIEDED FOR... AS A RESULT OF CULTUREAL TABOOS OR ECONOMIC NECESSITY. AMERICANS ARE MARRYING FOR LOVE. THEY REALLY ALWAYS HAVE BUT THERE HAVE BEEN OTHER CONTINGENCIES AS WELL. I THINK WHAT WE'RE SEEING NOW IS THOSE OTHER CONTINGENCIES AREN'T THERE. PEOPLE ARE MARRYING BECAUSE THEY WANT THAT SENSE OF COMMITMENT. THEY WANT THAT SENSE OF CITIZENSHIP THAT MARRIAGE CONFERS. THEY WANT TO EXPRESS THEMSELVES AS PART OF A COUPLE THAT IS COMMITTED TO EACH OTHER BY LOVE.

>> Suarez: DAVID BLANKENHORN, WHEN YOU LOOK AT THESE STATISTICS, UNPRECEDENTED NUMBERS OF PEOPLE-- IN RECENT HISTORY-- REACH ING 0, 40 AND 50 WITHOUT EVER HAVING BEEN MARRIED. NOT DIVORCED BUT WITHOUT EVER HAVING BEEN MARRIED. LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE CHOOSING TO HAVE CHILDREN INSIDE UNIONS THAT THEY MAY OUTSIDE OF MARRIAGE. ARE YOU SAYING WE'RE IN A NEW PLACE OR DO YOU ACCEPT PROFESSOR MAY'S IDEA THAT JUST SORT OF TAKING A SNAPSHOT FOR AN INSTITUTION THAT'S ALWAYS CHANGING?

>> WELL, THE INSTITUTION IS ALWAYS CHANGING. THAT'S TRUE. BUT WE ARE IN THE MIDDLE OF A DEFINABLE LONG-TERM SHIFT AWAY FROM THE AUTHORITY OF THE INSTITUTION. THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL SIGN OF THIS, I THINK, IN TERMS OF SOCIAL MEANING IS THAT SEVERAL GENERATIONS AGO A MAJORITY OF AMERICANS SAID THAT IF YOU'RE HAVING TROUBLE IN YOUR MARRIAGE, YOU SHOULD STAY TOGETHER FOR THE SAKE OF THE CHILDREN. AND NOW A MAJORITY OF AMERICANS SAY THAT YOU SHOULD NOT DO THAT. THAT'S A BAD IDEA. A RELATED ISSUE IS THE REALLY BREAKING OF THE LINK BETWEEN MARRIAGE AND CHILD BEARING. IT USED TO BE THAT YOU WOULD NEVER, YOU KNOW,... HAVING A CHILD OUTSIDE OF MARRIAGE WAS FROWNED ON BY SOCIETY. YOU REALLY WANTED TO AVOID THAT. NOW IT'S PERFECTLY ACCEPTABLE AMONG MANY AMERICANS. SO THIS SHIFT AWAY FROM THE INSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY OF MARRIAGE IS, I THINK, THE PROFOUNDEST CONSEQUENCES HAVE TO DO WITH THE LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF CHILDREN BUT IT HAS ALSO TO DO WITH A NEW WAY WE'RE THINKING ABOUT WHAT IT MEANS TO BE MARRIED.

>> Suarez: PROFESSOR MAY, A LOT OF THE NEW DATA HAS TO DO WITH WHERE THINGS ARE HAPPENING. GAY COUPLES MOVING OUTSIDE OF FAMEDEN SWLAFS... ENCLAVES. THE MARRIAGE STATISTICS COMING IN FROM THE SOUTH AND WEST SHOWING PERSISTENTLY HIGHER RATES OF DIVORCE THAN IN THE NORTHEAST AND MIDDLE ATLANTIC. TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT YOU SEE WHEN YOU LOOK AT A MAP OF AMERICA.

>> WELL I THINK WHAT WE SEE IS WHAT WE'VE ALWAYS SEEN. THAT IS THAT WHEN PEOPLE ARE IN ECONOMIC DISTRESS THEY'RE MUCH MORE LIKELY TO FACE MARITAL TENSIONS AND MUCH MORE LIKELY TO DIVORCE. WE HAVE LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE IN POVERTY AND IN STRESSFUL ECONOMIC SITUATIONS IN THE SOUTH AND THE WEST MORE SO THAN IN THE NORTHEAST. I THINK THAT EXPLAINS A LOT OF WHAT WE'RE SEEING HERE. I THINK WHAT WE HAVE TO WATCH OUT FOR IS THE NOTION OF CAUSE AND EFFECT. YOU OFTEN HEAR THAT WHEN PEOPLE HAVE MARRIAGES THAT FALL APART, THAT IS A CAUSE OF POVERTY. WELL IT IS FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN FOR SURE BECAUSE THEY HAVE A HARDER TIME SUPPORTING THEMSELVES BUT THE FACT IS THAT IT'S POVERTY ITSELF AND ECONOMIC STRESS THAT KAULSS DIVORCE IN THE FIRST PLACE. THAT'S WHY I THINK WE'RE SEEING MORE OF IT IN THESE AREAS WHERE THERE ARE GREATER CONCENTRATIONS OF PEOPLE WHO ARE STRUGGLING. NOW AS FAR AS GAY COUPLES ARE CONCERNED, I THINK IT'S CLEAR THAT AS THE COUNTRY HAS BECOME MORE GAY FRIENDLY ALL OVER THAT GAY PEOPLE HAVE FELT THAT IT WAS OKAY TO LIVE WHEREVER THEY WANTED TO AND BE ACCEPTED. THAT WASN'T ALWAYS TRUE. IF WE LOOK BACK ONLY 50 YEARS AGO A TIME OF INTENSE AND OFFICIAL HOLLOW HOMOPHOBIA WHERE GAY PEOPLE WERE THROWN OUT OF THEIR JOBS AND STIGMATIZED AS BEING UNNATURAL AND PERVERTS AND OTHER HORRIBLE WORDS LIKE THAT OF COURSE THEY WERE GOING TO GRAVITATE TO CENTERS OF GAY LIFE WHERE THEY COULD FEEL COMFORTABLE BUT THAT'S ALL CHANGING.

>> Suarez: LET ME GO BACK TO DAVID FOR A RESPONSE. WHAT DO YOU SEE HAPPENING GEOGRAPHICALLY FOR GAY MARRIAGE BOTH IN DIVORCE AND GAY HOUSEHOLDS?

>> I THINK AGREE WITH WHAT PROFESSOR MAY SAYS. I WOO ADD TO THE ISSUE OF MORE POVERTY IN THE HIGH DIVORCE STATES, YOU ALSO HAVE YOUNGER PEOPLE, PEOPLE WITH LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION AND HIGHER RATES OF GEOGRAPHICAL MOBILITY. ALL OF THOSE FACTORS PLUS LEE INCOME CORRELATES WITH MORE FAMILY INSTABILITY. SO I AGREE ON THE ISSUE OF THE SORT OF MAINSTREAMING, YOU KNOW, THE ACCEPTANCE OF GAY AND LESBIAN PEOPLE, GAY AND LESBIAN RELATIONSHIPS AND THE SORT OF BREAKING UP OF THE ENCLAVES, GAY AND LESBIAN PEOPLE NOW CAN LIVE ANYWHERE THEY WANT TO LIVE. I THINK THAT'S WHAT WE'RE SEEING IN THESE NUMBERS.

>> Suarez: THANK YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Ifill: AGAIN, THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF THE DAY: CLEANUP CREWS PICKED UP THE PIECES AFTER HURRICANE IRENE, FROM NORTH CAROLINA TO NEW ENGLAND, WHILE FLOODING CONTINUED IN VERMONT AND UPSTATE NEW YORK. WALL STREET RALLIED ON RELIEF THAT THE STORM DAMAGE WAS LESS THAN FEARED. THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE GAINED MORE THAN 250 POINTS. AND IN LIBYA, REBELS CLOSED IN ON MOAMMAR QADDAFI'S HOMETOWN IN THEIR ONGOING MANHUNT FOR HIM. AT THE SAME TIME, QADDAFI'S WIFE AND THREE OF HIS CHILDREN ESCAPED TO ALGERIA. ON OUR WEBSITE, YOU CAN FIND MORE ABOUT TONIGHT'S STORIES AND OTHERS. HARI SREENIVASAN HAS SOME DETAILS.

>> Sreenivasan: EXPLORE A MAP OF THE PROPOSED KEYSTONE OIL PIPELINE ON THE RUNDOWN BLOG. AND FIND MORE ON HOW DRUG SHORTAGES CAN AFFECT HOSPITAL EMERGENCY ROOMS AND SOMETIMES RESULT IN STOCKPILING AND PRICE GOUGING FOR SOME PRESCRIPTIONS. THAT'S ON OUR HEALTH PAGE PLUS ECONOMICS CORRESPONDENT PAUL SOLMAN TACKLES THIS QUESTION: WHO HAS THE BIGGER ECONOMY: CHINA OR THE U.S.? FIND HIS ANSWER ON OUR MAKING SENSE PAGE. ALL THAT AND MORE IS ON OUR WEB SITE: newshour.pbs.org. GWEN?

>> Ifill: AND THAT'S THE "NEWSHOUR" FOR TONIGHT. ON TUESDAY, WE TAKE ANOTHER LOOK AT THE NATION'S HOUSING CRISIS AS NEW HOME SALES NUMBERS ARE RELEASED. I'M GWEN IFILL.

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>> THIS IS "BBC WORLD NEWS AMERICA." FUNDING FOR THIS PRESENTATION IS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE FREEMAN FOUNDATION OF NEW YORK, STOWE, VERMONT, AND HONOLULU. NEWMAN'S OWN FOUNDATION. AND UNION BANK.