PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : June 10, 2018 5:30pm-6:00pm PDT

Captioning sponsored by WNET

>> Sreenivasan: ON THIS EDITION :OR SUNDAY, JUNE 10 PRESIDENT TRUMP AND KIM JONG UN ARRIVE IN SINGAPORE AHEAD OF THEIR HISTORIC MEETING AS A CONTENOUS G-7 SUMMIT ENDS WITH A CLAIM OF "BETRAYAL." NEXT ON "PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND."

>> "PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND" IS MADE POSSIBLE BY: BERNARD AND IRENE SCHWARTZ. THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN FAMILY. WTHE SUE AND EDGAENHEIM FOUNDATION. DR. P. ROY VAGELOS AND DIANA T. VAGELOS. THJ.P.B. FOUNDATION. THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUND. ROSALIND P. WALTER. BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. CORPORATE FUNDING IS PROVIDED BY MUTUAL OF AMERICAIN-- DESICUSTOMIZED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS. THAT'S WHY WE'RE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY.

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>> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING AND THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP AND NORTH KOREAN LEADER KIM JONG UN ARE T FACE-TO-FACE.S HAVE NEVERS AND THIS ALL HAPPENS JUST AS THE PRESIDENT HAS ADDED NEW TENON TO RELATIONS WITH THE LEADERS OF THE HISTORICALLY FRIENDLY NATIONS IN THE G-7.CU TY IS INTENSE. THERE IS NO ACCESS TO THE ACTUAL D SUMMIT SITE, BUT THE WO WATCHING AS NEWSHOUR FOREIGN AFFAIRS CORRESPONDENT NICK SCHIFRIN REPORTS FROM SINGAPORE.

>> Reporter: PRESIDENTTRUMP LANDED IN SINGAPORE'S HUMIDITY, HOPING TO REPLACE THE FROSTINESS OF THE G-7 MEETING, AKING E OF THE WORLD'S MOST ISOLATED DICTATORS. JONG HOURS EARLIER, K UN'S BLACK, BULLETPROOF LIMO ESCORTED HIM THROUGH THE SH O- DOWN STREETHIS CITY/STATE. AMID A MEDIA FRENZY, KIM JONG UN ARRIVED IN HIS DOWNTOWN SIAPORE HOTEL WITH A MASSI CONVOY. KIM SPENT SOME TIME ERSEAS WHEN HE WAS YOUNGER, BUT HE'S NEVER TRAVELED THIS FAR AS NORTH KOREAN LEADER. AND HE'S NEVER TRAVEILE THE WORLD WAS WATCHING. EVERYWHERE KIM WENT, THE ISTS, AND THE CAMERAS, FOLLOWED. AN EVENING DRIVE THROUGH SINGAPORE, WITA RUNNING ESCORT FROM A PHALANX OF BODYGUARDS, AND A MEETING WITH SINGAPORE KIIME MINISTER LEE HSE LOON SIX MONTHS AGO, HAD NEVER MET A SINGLE FOREIGN LEADER. HE'S MET A HANDFUL JUST IN THE LAST FEW WEEKS. WHICH IS WHY MANY BELIEVE EVEN BEFORE THE SUMMIT BEGINS, KIM HAS GAINED HIS COVETED LEGITIMACY. BOB MENENDEZ IS THE SENIOR DEMOCRAT ON THE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE.

>> TO THE EXTENT THAT KIM ASJONG UNLREADY GONE FROM INTERNATIONAL PARIAH TO BEING NORMALIZED INTERNATIONALLY, YOU HAVE TO SAY THAT HE'S HAD SOME SUCCESteHERE.

>> Rep THE SUMMIT WILL HAPPEN HERE, OFF THE ISLAND OF SINGAPORE ON THE ISL SENTOSA, KNOWN AS A TOURIST'S PLAYGROUND WITH GIANT STATUES SPROUTING FROM THEME PARKS. AND OUTSIDE THIS SENTOSA HOTEL ERE THE SUMMIT WILL TAKE PLACE, ONLY A SMALL SIGN HINTING AT THE SITE'S CRITICAL IMPORTANCE. ( APPLAUSE ) FOR THE LAST 25 YEARS, THE U.S. AND NORTH KOREA HAVE ALTERNATED NEGOTIATIONS, AND THREATS OF WAR OVER NORTH KOREA'S NUCLEAR PROGRAM. T Y WILL BE MET WITH FIRE AND FURY LIKE THE WORLD HAS NEVER SEE

>> THE ENTIRE UNITED STAS IS WITHIN RANGE OF OUR NUCLEAR WEAPONS, AND A NUCLEAR BUTTO ONS ALWAMY DESK. E' Reporter: BUT DURING DECADES OF DIPLOMACY, THNEVER BEEN A MEETING BETWEEN A SITTING PRESIDENT AND A NORTH KOREAN LEADER. NORTH KOREA'S ALSO NEVER HAD A MISSILE THAT COULD REACH AS FAR INTO THE U.S. OR A NUCLEAR WEAPON AS VIABLE AND LARGE AS IT DOES TODAY. U.S. OFFICIALS ADMIT THEY STILL DON'T KNOW WHETHER KIM IS WILLING TO GIVE UP HIS NUCLEAR WEAPONS, OR WHAT THE U.S. WILL HAVE TO EXCHANGE. YESTERDAY, PRESIDENT TRUMP SAID HE WOULD KNOW INSTANTLY WHAT WOD HAPPEN, AND THAT IT WA NOW OR NEVER.

>> KIM JONG UN WANTS TO DO SOMETHING GREAT FOR HIS PEOPLE AND HE HAS THAT OPPORTUNITY AND HE WON'T HAVE THAT OPPORTUNITY AGAIN. IT'S NEVER GOING TO BE TRE AGAIN.

>> Reporter: ALSO ON THE TABLE: ENDING THE KOREAN WAR, 65 YEARS AFTER E ARMISTICE. WITH SO MUCH ON THE LINE, PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS DREAMED BIG, BUT YESTERDAY, TRIED TO LOWER EXPECTATIONS.

>> BUT AT A MINIMUM I DO BELIEVE AT LEAST WE'LL HAVE MET EACH OTHER. WE WILL HAVE SEEN EACH OTHER. HOPEFULLY WE WILL HAVE LIKED EACH OTHER AND WE'LL START THAT PRANOCESS. WHICH 36 HOURS BEFORE IT BEGINS, THE ONLY CERTAINTY ABOUT THIS SUMMIT IS THE UNCERTAINTY.

>> Sreenivasan: AND NICK SCHIFRIN JOINS US NOW FROM SINGAPORE. JOINS US FROM SINGAPORE,APIRST, WHY SIE?

>> HARRY, IN PART BECAUSE NOTHING ELSE WAS GOOD ENOUGH FOR THTH SIDES, THEY CONSIDERED THE DPRKSPACE BETWEEN SOUTH KOREA AND NORTH KOREA, JUST HELD A SUMMIT BETWEEN NORTH KOREAN LEADER AND SOUTKOREAN LEADER, AND SO THAT WASN'T ACCEPTABLE, IT HAD TO BE REGIONAL SO THEY CONSIDERED MONGOLIA THAT DIDN'T HAVE THE INFRASTRUCTURE, BEIJING WAS T OF THE QUESTION FOR T AMERICANS, AND 0 SO SINGAPORE IS CONSIDERED NEUTRAL. THEY HAVE HAD RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE NORTH KOREANS FOR OVER FOUR DECADES,BVIOUSLY A RELATIONSHIP WITH THE U.S. AS WELL AND ITS STATE HERE, HARI, THIS ISLAND OFTEN HOSTS SUMMITS, THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE WAS JUST HERE ABOUT A WEEK AND A HALF AGO SO BOTH SID FELT COMFORTABLE COMING HERE.

>> Sreenivasan: I KNOW YOU HAVE BEEN THERE A LITTLE WHILE, WHAT IS THE SECURITY SITUATION LIKE?

>> WELL, WE CAN GET AROUND PRETTY EASILY. WE CAN EVEN GO TO THE ISLAND WHERE THIS SUMMIT WILL TAKE PLACE, WHICH IS ABOUT KIND OF A 15-MINUTE DRIVE TO THEOFOUTH US AND WE CAN DRIVE AS YOU SAW IN THAT PIECE RIGHT UP TO WHERE KIM JONG-UN DROVE INTO THE HOTEL. SO RELATIVELY IT OKAY TODAY. BUT EVERYBODY IS WARNING THAT THE CITY WILL BASICALLY BE ON LOCK DOWN WHENEVER THE PRESIDENT IS MOVING OR WHATEVER, KIM JONG-UN HIMSELF IS MOVING, SO WE SEE A LOT OF SECURITY OUTSIE OF TELS RIGHT NOW, BUT REALLY THE CITY OUTSIDE OF THESE LITTLE POCKETS IS PROCEEDING NORMALLY.

>> WHA WHAT T ARE YOU LIKE SEE? THERE IS A LOT OF EMPHASIS ON THE MOMENT WHEN PRESIDENT TRUMPN AND KIM JONGRE IN THE SAME ROOM OR IN THE SAME PLACE SPEAKING OR MOVING BUT BEFORE THAT, ATAFTER

>> SO RIGHT NOW, WHAT ALL THE U.S. IS SAYING THERE E SOME WORKING GROUPS TOMORROW, LED BY THE AMBASSADOR TO THE BILIPPINES BUT HAS BEEN BROUGHT INTO THIS PROCESAUSE OF HIS LONG HISTORY OF DEALING WITH THE NORTH KOREAIANS, HE WILL MEET WITH HIS COUNTERPART TOMORROW MORNING, SINGAPORE TIME AND PROBABLY NOT GOING TO SEE THAT BUT AT LEAST WE KNOW IT IS HAPPENING. TOMORROW AFTERNOON LOCAL TIME, THE U.S. PROMISES SOME KIND OF BRIEFING ABOUT HOW THINGS ARE GOING, PRESUMABLY ANA BIT OF A PREVIEW FOR HOW TUESDAY IS GOING. BUT, HARI ON THE LIST, ON THE SCHEDULE FOR WHAT IS ING TO HAPPEN TUESDAY, THERE IS A BIG -- ON THE SCHTHULE. WE KNOT THE PRESIDENT WILL MEET WITH KIM JONG-UN IN THE MORNING BUT AFTER THAT IT IS REALLY UP TO THE PRESIDENT AND BOTH SIDES, AND THAT REALLY SHOWS THE KIND OF NEGOTIATING THAT THE PRESIDENT INTENDS TO DO HERE. WE HEARD HIM IN THE LAST COUPLE OF DAYS, BASICALLY SAY, I AM GOING TO KNOW IN THE FIRST FEW SEENNDS WHAT IS GOING TO HAP AND THAT REVEALS A SUBSTANTIVE POINT FROM THE U.S. OFFICIALS THAT I TALKED TO, THEY SAY IFHA THEY BELIEVEKIM JONG-UN IS SERIOUS ABOUT FILING, FINALLY DENUCLEARIZING AND FINALLY TURNING THE PAGE ON 25 YEARS OF STRATEGY THA T THE NORKOREANS HAVE EFFECTIVELY AVOIDING DENUCLEAZATION IF HE IS SERIOUSLY SUDDENLY ABOUT A THIS THIS SUMMIT WILL PROCEED AND BEU SEEN AS ESS BECAUSE THE PRESIDENT WILL ALLOW IT TO BE A NO GO FORWARD, BUT IF THEY SENSE THAT KIM JONG-UN ISN'T AS SERIOUS OR IS GOING TO REPEAT SOME OF HIS SAME MISTAKES FROM THE PAST, THEY SAY THEY ARE PREPARED TO WALK OUT AND THAT'S WHY IT IS -- U.S. OICIALS ADMIT THEY SIMPLY DON'T KNOW HOW THIS IS GOING TO GO.

>> Sreenivasan: SHORT OF TOTAL DENUCLEARIZATION, WHAT ELSE COULD BE ACHIEVED HERE? WHAT ELSE IS ON THE TABLE?

>> I THINK WHAT IS ON THE TABLE IS THE DEFINITION OF DENUCLEARIZATION AND THE DEFINITION OF PEACE. SO DENUCLEARIZATION, IN THE LAST FEW MONTHS THE PRESIDENT, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR HAS COME OUT AND SAID, WE WANT INSTANT DENUCLEARIZATION, WE WANT EFFECTIVELY TO PUT THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS ON SHIPS AND TAKE THEM OUT. THEY HAVE THOUSAND ADMITTED THAT IS IMPOSSIBLE AND MPLY NOT FEASIBLE. AND SO THEY ARE TALKING NOW ABOUT HOW LONGLE DENIZATION TAKES AND THE STEPS THAT NORTH KOREA HAS TO TAKE IN ORDER TO PROVE THAT IT IS SERIOUS ABOUT DENUCLEARIZATION. AND THEN T DEFINITION OF PEACE. WHAT DOES NORTH KOREA GET IN RETURN FOR THAT DENUCLEARIZATION AND WHAT STAGES DOESCOHA IN? CERTAINLY SOME OF THE THINGS THEY WILL BE TALKING ABOUT, SACKS RELIEF, THATIS REALLY WHAT NORTH KOREA WANTS, A RELIEF FROM SOME OF THE SANCTIONS THAT HAVE INCINREASED DRAMATICALL THE LAST YEAR. TALKING ABOUT A LONG-TERM NORMALIZATION, PERHAPS EVEN AM NECESSARY IS CITY IN PYONGYANG AND TALKING ABOUT ENDING THE KOREAN WAR D REMOVING NORTH KOREA ARE THE STATE SPONSOR LIP OF TERRORISM, THOSE ARE THINGS THAT WILL BE TRADED AND AGAIN IT SHOWS THE U.S. DOES NOT KNOW HOS S GOING TO GO. IT DOES NOT KNOW EXACTLY THE DEFINITIONS EITHER OF PEACE OR DENUCLEARIZATION, JUST ABOUT 36 HOURS BEFORE THE SUMMIT BEGINS.

>> Sreenivasan: ALL R HHT, NER NICK SCHIFRIN JOINING US FROM ANNGAPORE TONIGHT WILL BE REPORTING THERE ALL WEEK. THANK YOU SO MUCH.

>> THANK YOU, HARI.

>> >> Sreenivasan: KNOW MORE WHAT TO EXPECT FROM THE HISTORIC

>> Sreenivasan: READ MORE ABOUT WHAT TO EXPECT FROM THE HISTORIC MEETING BETWEEN PRESIDENT DONALD urUMP AND KIM JONG UN. VISIT pbs.org/news

>> Sreenivasan: LAST NIGHT, ILE FLYING TO SINGAPORE, PRESIDENT TRUMP DIVERTED ATTENTN FROM HIS UPCOMING HISTORIC SUMMIT USING TWITTER TO SEND ANGRY MESSAGES ABOUT THE G- 7 SUMMIT HE HAD JUST LEFT. MR. TRUMP TWEETED THAT HE WOULD NOT "ENDORSE" A JOINTUE COMMUNELEASED AT THE END OF THE SUMMIT. AND ATTACKED CANADIAN PRIME MINISTER JUSTIN TRUDEAU FOR BEING "VERY DISHEST AND WEAK." IN A NEWS CONFERENCE YESTERDAY, THE CANADIAN PRIME MINISTER HAD JUST ANNOUNCED THAT MONADA WOULD FORWARD WITH RETALIATORY TARIFFS, IN REACTION TO PROPOSED U.S. TARIFFS ON CANADIAN STEEL TSD ALUMINUM. THE PRESIDENT'S TWERE PERSONAL. HE SAID TRUDEAU "ACTED SO MEEK AND MILD" DURING THE G-7 MEETINGS "ONLY TO GIVE A NEWS CONFERENCE AFTER I LEFT SAYING THAT 'U.S. TARIFFS WERE KIND OF INSULTING,' AND HE 'WILL NOT BE PUSHED AROUND.'" THIS MORNING, WHITE HOUSE ECONOMIC ADVISER LARRY KUDLOW WEID THAT TRUDEAU'S ACTIONE A BETRAYAL, AND THE PRESIDENT WAS RIGHT TO PUSH BACK.

>> HE IS NOT GOING TO PERMIT ANY SHOW OF WEAKNESS ON THE TRIP TO NEGOTIATE WITH NORTH KOREA, NOR SHOULD HE.

>> Sreenivasan: WHITE HOUSE TRADE ADVISER PETER NAVARRO ADDED TO THE ATTACKS, CS LING MR. TRUMTENDANCE AT THE G- 7 A "COURTESY" AND ACCUSED THE CANADIAN PRIME MINISTER OFNG ACN "BAD FAITH." CE INERE'S A SPECIAL PLA HELL FOR ANY FOREIGN LEADER THAT ENGAGES IN BAD FAITH DIPLOMACY WITH PRESIDENT DONALD J. TRUMP AND THEN TRIES TO STAB HIM IN THE BACK ON THE WAY OUT TH DOOR.

>> Sreenivasan: SENATORS FROM BOTH PARTIES WEIGHED IN ON MR. TRUMP'S DECISION. LLPUBLICAN SENATOR JOHN McCAIN TWEETED: "TO OURIES: BIPARTISAN MAJORITIES OF AMERICANS REMAIN PRO-FE TRADE, PRO-GLOBALIZATION AND SUPPORTIVE OF ALLIANCES BASED ON 70 YEARS OF SHARED VALUES. AMERICANS STAND WITH YOU, EVEN IF OUR PRESIDENT DOESN'T." DEMOCRATIC SENATOR DIANNE FEINSTEIN ALSO CRIDECIZED THE SION NOT TO ENDORSE THE G-7 AGREEMENT.

>> AND IT SEEMS TO ME TET TO SIGN A SNT OF SOLIDARITY, WHICH STANDS FOR EVERYTHING WE STAND FO IS A BIG MISTAKE.

>> Sreenivasan: JOINING US NOW TO UNRAVEL THIS RAPID TURN OF INTERNATIONAL EVENTS IS "WASHINGTON POST" RORR DAMIAN PALETTA. WE DON'T USUALLY TALK ABOUT THE DAY AFTER A G 5, G 6, G-7, G-8 ALMMIT AS SUCH A CONTROVER OR NEWSWORTHY EVENT, BUT WHERE ARE THINGS NOW? LAST NIGHT, AT THE EPIEND OF THE PROGRAM I SAID THERE WAS COMMUNIQUE, ALL OF THE COUNTRIES AGREED TO IT, BUT THAT IS NOT THE CASE ANYMORE.

>> NO. AS A MATTER OF FACT, I MEAN THIS IS REALLY A HUGE INTERNATIONAL INCIDENT. WE HAD THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES REE WITH SIX TTHER LEADING ECONOMIES TO THIS JOINT STATEM ABOUT TRADE AND FREE TRADE AND THEN THE PRESIDENT GOT ON AIR FORCE ONE TO FLYO SINGAPORE FOR HIS NORTH KOREAN MEETING, SAW SOME COMMENTS THAT THE CANMEADIAN PRI MINISTER MADE, JUSTIN TRUDEAU WHERE HE SAID WE WON'T BE PUSHED AROUND BY THE UNITED STATES AND HDREP WAS IRATE AND WIT FROM THE COMMUNIQUE, NOW PRACTICALLY IT DOESN'T REALLY MATTER, IT IS JUST A PIECOF PAPER BUT SYMBOLICALLY IT IS INCREDIBLY SIGNIFICANT AND I THINK WE WILL SEE A REAL UNRAVELING OF THE U.S.'S RELATIONSHIP WITH SOME OF HITS CLOSEST ALLIES AS THESEAL COUNTRIES START TO STAND UP TO THE PRESIDENT.

>> Sreenivasan: LET'S PUT THIS IN SORT OF CONCRETE TERMS, THE UNITED STATES HAS A THE LARGE GROUP OF CONSUMERS THAT RELY ON GOODS ANSERVICES FROM L OVER THE WORLD. AND OBVIOUSLY THESE COUNTRIES RELY ON OUR CONSUTOMES AKE SURE THAT THEY ARE SELLING. BUT WHAT HAPPENS IN PRACTICAL RMS IN A TRADE WAR WHERE A SITUATION WHERE THESETH MAJOR COUNTRIES DECIDE TO HAVE MORE RESTRICTIVE POLICIES ON OUR PRODUCTS?

>> THE MOST PRACTICAL WAY -- TWO WAYS. FIRST OF ALL, PRICES ARE, ON VIRTUALLY EVERYTHING THE MARKET CONSUMERS BUY UP AND DOWN THE FOOD CHAIN FROM THE LOWEST INCOME AMERICANS TO THE WEALTHIEST AMERICANS, THOSE PRICES WILAU WILL GO UP, B IF THINGS ARE NOT CREATED IN THE UNITED STATES, THEY ARE GOING TO BEPENCREDIBLY IVE BASE ODD TEN TARIFFS THAT MUST BE PAID WHEN THEY ARE BROUGHT INTO THE UNITED STATES. SO COSTS ON CARS, ELECTRONICS, EVEN FOOD, COFFEE, EVERYTHING THAT IS A PART OF YOUR DAILY LIFE, THOSE COSTS WILL GO UP. AND SECONDLY, IT WILL HAVE A HUGE IMPACT ON AMERICAN JOBS. IF OTHER COUNTRIES JUST STOP IMPORTING THTHINGS THAT ARE PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES, THAT MEANS THOSE COMPANIES WILLV HAVE LESS UE, THEY WILL LAY OFF WORKERS, THEN IT WILL SNOWBALL AND QUICKLY SEE THIS BECOME A HUGE, GREAT RECESSION IF THESE THINGS ESCALATE FURTHES AND S NOT THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA SQUARING OFF BUT THE UNITED STATES AND -- THESE ARE THE UNITED STATES AND THE BIGGEST TRADING PARTNERS, THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CANADA AND SO HOW THIS GOES IS REALLY HARD TO SEE, BUT IT I GNG IN A BAD DIRECTION.

>> Sreenivasan: ALL RIGHT. THE PRESIDENT YESTERDAY HAD VERY DIFFICULT TYPES OF OPTIONS ON THE TABLE, ON THE ONE HAND HE SAID TO PEOPLE, LISTENHOW ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF A COMPLETELY FREE TRADE ZONE BETWEEN ALL OF OUR COUNTRIES, WAD ON THE OTHER HAND HE SAYING, YOU KNOW, IF WE CAN'T WORK THESE THINGS OUT WE WILL >>ST STOP TRADING ALTOGETHER. EXACTLY. I THINK THAT IS ONE OF THE IEASONS THAT, YOU KNOW, OUR ALLIES, THE U.S. AS FEEL SO KIND OF CONFUSED AND THEY HAVE WHIPLASHECAUSE THE PRESIDENT ON THE OTHER HAND IS PROPOSING THE MOST FREE TRADE POLICY OF L-TIME, WHICH IS ESSENTIALLY NO TARIFFS, WE JUST TRADE BACK ,ND FORTH WITH ONE ANOTHER AN YOU KNOW, WE SELL OUR GOODS TO YOUR COUNTRY AND YOU SELL YOUS R GOODS TO TUNTRY WITH NO TARIFF, AND THEN HE SAYS WE ARE GOING TO STOP TRADING PERIOD IF YOU DON'T AGREE TO OUR DEMANDS, AND SO LIKE I SAID, THERE DOES SEEM TO BE THAT I KNOW ABOUT THIS G-7, THERE IS A SENSE THAT THESE PRHER COUNTRIES ARE STARTING TO STAND UP TESIDENT TRUMP, ESPECIALLY THE FRENCH PRESIDENT MACRON, I WOULD, JUSTIN TRUDEAU IS STARTING TO STIFFEN AS WELL, UK AND GERMA AND STARTING TO CALL HIS BLUFF AND HE IS SAYING THE SAME TIME, IT IS GETTING PERSONAL AND INSULTED HE WILLHE RAIT UP.

>> ONE OF THE IMAGES THAT CAME OUT OF THIS ANDOW 1,000 MEMES AROUND THE IMAGES, ANGELA MERKEL SURROUNDED BY THERESA MAY, MACRON, YOU HAVE GOT LITERALLY THE WORLD STANDING UP ALMOST ALL OF THEM STANDING TOGETHER AND YOU SEE PRESIDENT TRUMP SEATED IN A CHAIR, AND I WHAT IS INTERESTING IT REALLY DEPENDS ON WHO YOU ARE AND HOW YOU LOOK AT THIS VERY IMAGE THAT YOU CA HAVE MANY DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS OF IT.

>> YES, I THINK THAT PHOTOGRAPH IS GOING TO BE STUDIED QUITE HONESTLY FOR DECADES BECAUSE IT IS SOROF REINFORCES BOTH OF THE PERSPECTIVES, ON THE OTHER HAND IT SHOWS THE EURONGPEANS STANOGETHER, STANDING UP TO THE PRESIDENT AND 0 CONFRONTING HIM, I BELTHIEVE AT TIME THEY WERE DISCUSSING THIS DOCUMENT THAT WAS SUPPOSED TO BE SIGNED AT THE END OF THE MEETING, ON THE OTHER HAND YOU HAVE THE PRESIDE WITH ALL EYES ON HIM, RIGHT? WHICH IS EXACTLY WHAT HE WANTS IN THIS SORT OF THI, HE WANTS EVERYONE COMING TO HIM, ASKING HIM KIND OF WHAT U.S. POLICY AND GLOBAL POLICY SHOULD BE. SO I THINK BOTH, YOUKNOW, SIDES KIND OF FELT LIKE THEY DELIVERED THEIR MESSAGE, BUT ON THE OTHER HAND, I FEEL LIKE BOTH SIDES MUST FEEL LIKE THIS CONFERENCE, THIS SUMMIT WAS KIND OF A DISTER, BECAUSE THINGS AR ONLY GOING TO ESCALATE AND REALLY, YOU KNOW, PRODUCERS AN WORKERS AND CONSUMERS IN EACH COUNTRY ARE GOING TO STUFF IF THIS THING CONNUES ON THE PATH IT IS ON.

>> Sreenivasan: ALL RIGHT. DAMIAN PALETTA OF THE "WASHINGTON POST", THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY. NOW.

>> THANK YOU

>> Sreenivasan: THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION IS FACINGWS TS AND CRITICISM FOR ADDING A QUESTION ABOUT CITIZENSHIP TO THE UPCOMING 2020 CENSUS. OPPONENTS SAY IT WIL DISCOURAGE NON-CITIZENS FROM PARTICIPATING, AND ALSO REDUCE GOVERNMENT W FUNDING IN AREH LARGE NON- CITIZEN POPULATIONS WHO ARE NOT COUNTED. THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT SAYS THE DATA INEEDED TO HELP ENFORCE THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT. AND THE COMMERCE DEPARTMENT, WHICH OVERSEES THE CENSUS, RECENTLY RELEASED MORE THAN00 PAGES OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT ITS DECISION TO INCLUDE THE CITIZENSHIP QUESTION. N.P.R. REPORTER HANSI LO WANG HAS BEEN EXAMINING THOSE DOCUMENTS, AND JOINS US NOW. Sreenivasan: NOW, WHAT DID YOU LEARN?

>> WE LEARNED THAT THERE WAS AN INTERNAL MEMO PUT OUT BY THE CENSUS BUREAU FOR THAT HE LOOKED OVER BEFORE HE MADE ANY DECISION AND IN THIS MEMO, CENSUS BUREAU OFFICIALS WARNED THAT ADDING A CITIZENSHIP QUESTION BE COSTLY. THEY ESTIMATED THAT IT COULCR SE THE COST OF THE 2020 CENSUS BY AT LEAS$2T 5 MILLION, THE CONCERN HERE ISHAT NONCITIZENS SEEINTHIS QUESTION IS APPEARING ON THE CENSUS FORM FOR THE FIRST TIME FOR ALL HOUSEHOLDS, SINCE 1950, AND ALSO INHIS CURRE CLIMATE OF INCREASED IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT AND ANTI-IMMIGRANT RHETORIC ON THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION THAT ALL OF THIS WOULD REALLY DISCO NONCITIZENS FROM PARTICIPATING AND SO THEREFORE, WHERE MONEY WOULD BE NEEDE D FROM TCENSUS BUREAU TO MAKE SURE THAT EVERY PERSON IS COUNTED IN THE COUNTRY IT IS A CENSUS REQUIRES.

>> Sreenivasan: BESIDES THE COST, THISS WHAT CHIEF SCIENTISTS IN THE CENSUS BUREAU, ARE THEY CONCERNED ABOUT THE ACCURACY OF IT OR THE QUALITY?

>> YES. ERDIDN'T, YES, THEY ARE, FEW PEOPLE PARTICIPATING WE WON'T GET A COMPLETE COUNT, POSSIBLY, YOU TRY YOUR HARDEST TONOCK ON DOORS AND TO DO FOLLOW-UP, BUT SOME PEOPLE WILL JUST DO THEIR BEST TO NOT BE COUNTED.

>> Sreenivasan: WHAT IS THE ROLE OF IS THE SEC STATE IN ALL OF THIS.

>> WELL, WHAT IS INTERESTING IS THERE WERE E-MAILS THATE NT TO COMMERCE SECRETARY ROSS, WHO IS INCLUDED IN THESE DOCUMENTS AND THESE WERE E-MAILS THAT WERE SANT IN JULY OF 2017, AND HE HE WAS DIRECTED BY STEVE BANNON, THE WHITE HOUSE, THE FORMER WHITE HOUSE STRATEGY GIST TO SPEAK WITH COMMERCE SECRETARY ROSS ABOUT A CITIZENSHIP QUESTION ON THE CENSUS, AND THIS IS BEFORE THE DEPARTMENT PUT A REQUEST TO GET THIS QUESTION ADDED FOR THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT.

>> Sreenivasan: SO THERE IS THE KANSAS SECRETARY OF STATEES MAKES THESE RE BUT THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AND THE COMMERCE DEPARTMENT HAVE GIVEN DIFFERENT REASONS, THEY DIDN'T SAY THIS WAS PART OF THEIR THINKING.

>> THE COMMERCE DEPARTMENT SAYS THEY ARE RESPONDING TO THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT'S REQUEST AND THE STICE DEPARTMENT IS SAYING WE NEED THIS FOR THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT AND WE NEED THIS TO BETTER ENFORCE PROVISIONS AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMITION AND NEED BETTER VOTING DATA ON VOTING CITIZENS. THEY HAVE USED ESTIMATES OF U.S. CITIZENS BASED ON SMALLER CENSUS BUREAU SURVEYS WHICHNLY GO OUT TO A SAMPLE OF HOUSEHOLDS SO THEY NEED BETTER DATA ISHAT THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT SAYS, BUT LOOKING AT THESE E-MAILS, I DOES NOT MENTION THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT AND CERTAINLY HE IS REFERENCE AGO PHONE CALHE HAD WITH SECRETARY WILBUR ROSS, IT APPEARS IN THE EARLY DAYS OF THE ISUMP ADMINISTRATION, IT UNCLEAR EXACTLY THE EXTENT OF THE PHONE CALL, THEY HAVE REAHED OUT TO THE COMMERCE DEPARTMENT TO PROVIDE DETAILS AND THEY WOULDN'T PROVIDE ANY DETAILS.

>> THEY SAY THIS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS PART OF WHAT WILBUR ROSS LOOKED AT. >>Ereenivasan: ARE TH OTHER WAYS THE CENSUS DEPARTMENT IS TRYING TO FIGURE OUT WHO IS A CITIZEN AND NOT A CITEN BESIDES JUST THIS QUESTION?

>> THERE IS. RIGHT NOW, THEY ARE LOOKING INTO GETTING ACCESS TO FEDERAL DATASETS FROM SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATI, FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT, SPECIFICALLY, PASSPORT DATA, AS WELL AS FR THE USC IS TO LOOK AT THE NATURALIZATION DATA, AND THIS IR ALL T OF THE PLAN THAT SECRETARY WILBUR ROSS DID APPROVE AT THE RECMENDATION OF CENSUS BUREAU OFFICIOUS WHO ORIGINALLY SAID, YOU KNOW, YOU DON'T NECESSARILY NEED TO ADD A ISTIZENSHIP QUESTION, MAYBE WE CAN COMPILE ING GOVERNMENT DATA BY U.S. CITIZENS TO CREATE A MORE COMPREHENSIVE DATASET OF HOW MANY CITIZENS THERE ARE IN THE COUNT. AND SO THIS IS PART OF THE PLAN CURRENT CURRENTLY AND WE WILL SEE HOW THIS PANS OUT BECAUSE THIS IS REALLY NEW TERRITORY FOR THE CENSUSO USE THIS DATA IN THIS WAY.

>> Sreenivasan: SO IF THIS QUESTION IS INCLUDED IN THE CENSUS NOW, AND IF THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT UNDERCOUNT WHAT THEO L EFFECTS?

>> THE LOCAL EFFECTS ARE HUGE, POSSIBLY. WE HAVE TO REMEMBER THAT THE CENS UUS NUMBERS AD TO REALLY BUILD OUR GOVERNMENT, THEY DIRECTLY IMPACT HOW MANY SEATS OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EACH STATE GETS AND ALSO IMPACTS HOW THE GOVERNMENT FROM THE FE LEVEL DOWN TO THE LOCAL LEVEL, HOW LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS ARE DRAWN AND AGAIN THE FEDERAL DOLLARS AND HOW THAT $800,000,000,000.00 A YR ESTIMATED DISTRIBUTED AND THAT DIRECTLY IMPACTS WHICH HIGHWAYS GET REPAIRED, WHICH ROADS GET BUILT, HOW SCHOOL OISTRICTS DECIDE WHERE TO BUILD NEW SCLS AND THIS IS TO DECIDE WHERE TO BUILD NEW SUPERMARKETS A LOT OF THIS ISND DET ON THE CENSUS NUMBERS.

>> Sreenivasan: ALL RIGHT, HANSI LO WANG OF NPRU, THANK YO SO MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> TOMORROW ON THE NEWSHOUR, FIRST OF A FIVE PART SERIES, THE END OF AIDS, FAR FROM OVER, FOCUSING ON THE GLOBAL FIGHT AGAINST THE HIV AIDS EPIDEMIC, THAT'S ALL FOR THIS EDITION OF W PBS NEWSHOKEND. I AM HARI SREENIVASAN. HAVE A GOOD WEEKEND.

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