PBS NewsHour; January 23, 2021, 5:30pm-6:00pm PST

- Captioning sponsored by WNET - >> Sreenivasan: ON THIS EDITION - FOR SATURDAY, JANUARY 23: - THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION FOCUSES - ON ITS AGENDA. - WUHAN MARKS ITS ONE-YEAR - ANNIVERSARY AFTER LOCKDOWN, - AS GLOBAL EFFORTS TO RAMP UP - VACCINATIONS HIT SOME - ROADBLOCKS. - AND, REMEMBERING TALK SHOW HOST - LARRY KING. - NEXT, ON PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND. - >> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE - POSSIBLE BY: - SUE AND EDGAR WACHENHEIM III. - THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUND. - BERNARD AND DENISE SCHWARTZ. - THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN - FAMILY. - BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. - THE LEONARD AND NORMA KLORFINE - FOUNDATION. - WE TRY TO LIVE IN THE MOMENT, - TO NOT MISS WHAT'S RIGHT IN - FRONT OF US. - AT MUTUAL OF AMERICA, WE - BELIEVE TAKING CARE OF TOMORROW - CAN HELP YOU MAKE THE MOST OF

- TODAY. - MUTUAL OF AMERICA FINANCIAL - GROUP, RETIREMENT SERVICES AND - INVESTMENTS. - >> FOR 25 YEARS, CONSUMER - CELLULAR'S GOAL HAS BEEN TO - PROVIDE WIRELESS SERVICE THAT - HELPS PEOPLE COMMUNICATE AND - CONNECT. - WE OFFER A VARIETY OF - NO-CONTRACT PLANS, AND OUR - U.S.-BASED CUSTOMER SERVICE TEAM - CAN HELP FIND ONE THAT FITS YOU. - TO LEARN MORE, VISIT - www.consumercellular.tv. - ADDITIONAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN - PROVIDED BY: - AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR - PUBLIC BROADCASTING, A PRIVATE - CORPORATION FUNDED BY THE - AMERICAN PEOPLE. - AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR - PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE - YOU. - THANK YOU. - >> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING, - AND THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. - PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN BEGAN HIS - FIRST WEEKEND IN OFFICE MEETING - WITH ADVISORS AS HIS - ADMINISTRATION SETS ITS AGENDA. - MR. BIDEN WAS AT THE WHITE HOUSE - WITH A CLOSED MEETING ON HIS - SCHEDULE BUT NO PUBLIC EVENTS. - YESTERDAY, MR. BIDEN PRESSED FOR - MORE ECONOMIC AID THE - CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC CONTINUES - TO CLAIM LIVES ACROSS THE - COUNTRY. - CALLING THE SITUATION A NATIONAL

- EMERGENCY, THE PRESIDENT SIGNED - MORE EXECUTIVE ORDERS YESTERDAY - THAT FOCUSED ON FOOD AID, - INCREASED ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT - ASSISTANCE AND A FIFTEEN DOLLAR - MINIMUM WAGE FOR FEDERAL WORKERS - AND CONTRACTORS. - TOMORROW, BRIAN DEESE, THE - DIRECTOR OF THE WHITE HOUSE - NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL, PLANS - TO MEET PRIVATELY WITH A - BIPARTISAN GROUP OF SENATORS TO - DISCUSS THE ADMINISTRATION'S - PROPOSAL FOR $1.9 TRILLION IN - NEW COVID ECONOMIC RELIEF - SPENDING. - TODAY MARKS THE ONE-YEAR - ANNIVERSARY OF THE LODOWN - OF WUHAN, THE CHINESE CITY - WHICH HAD THE FIRST OUTBREAK OF - COVID-19. - THE CITY'S 11 MILLION PEOPLE - WERE LOCKED DOWN FOR 76 DAYS. - A YEAR LATER, PEOPLE ARE OUT OF - THEIR HOMES AND MOSTLY BACK TO - NORMAL THERE. - >> ( translated ): I FEEL LIKE - THINGS ARE PRETTY GOOD NOW. - WUHAN DOESN'T HAVE THIS DISEASE - NOW, AND LIVES OF WUHAN PEOPLE - ARE BACK TO NORMAL. - WE JUST NEED TO TAKE PRECAUTIONS - AND INCREASE OUR AWARENESS TO DO - SO. - >> Sreenivasan: THE NUMBER OF - NEW COVID-19 CASES IN MAINLAND - CHINA HAS STAYED IN THE LOW - HUNDREDS FOR THE PAST SEVERAL - MONTHS, BUT RECENT OUTBREAKS - NEAR BEIJING HAVE SPARKED

- CONCERNS AHEAD OF THE CHINESE - LUNAR NEW YEAR, WHEN BILLIONS OF - TRIPS ARE NORMALLY MADE. - MEANWHILE, HONG KONG IS - STRUGGLING WITH A NEW OUTBREAK - RECORDING MORE THAN 4,300 CASES - IN THE PAST TWO MONTHS. - HONG KONG OFFICIALS IMPOSED A - 48-HOUR LOCKDOWN UNTIL MORE - TESTING CAN BE DONE TO TRY AND - CONTAIN THE VIRUS. - IN THE U.S., COVID-19 CASES HAVE - BEEN ON A DECLINE FROM E PEAK - OF EARLY JANUARY. - ACCORDING TO THE "NEW YORK - TIMES" THERE WERE ALMOST 192,000 - NEW CASES REPORTED YESTERDAY. - MORE THAN 19 MILLION AMERICANS - HAVE RECEIVED AT LEAST ONE DOSE - OF A COVID-19 VACCINE, AND THE - C.D.C. REPORTED 1.6 MILLION - SHOTS WE GIVEN YESTERDAY, - THE LARGEST SINGLE DAY AMOUNT - SO FAR. - >> Sreenivasan: FOR MORE ON THE - DISTRIBUTION OF COVID-19 - VACCINES AND THE CONFUSION - SURROUNDING THE STATE AND LOCAL - VACCINATION PROCESS, I SPOKE - WITH CAROLINE CHEN, WHO COVERS - PUBLIC HEALTH FOR PROPUBLICA. - CAROLINE, WHEN WE SEE NUMBERS - ACROSS THE STATES RIGHT NOW, - THERE'S A MASSIVE GAP BETWEEN - THE NUMBER OF VACCINES THAT

- STATES HAVE AND THE NUMBER OF - VACCINES PEOPLE HAVE IN THEM. - WHY IS THIS HAPPENING? - >> SO, IT IS A RAPIDLY EVOLVING - SITUATION. - I THINK THE PACE OF - ADMINISTRATION IS RAPIY - RISING. - AND WHAT WE ARE HEARING FROM A - LOT OF STATES RIGHT NOW IS THAT - THEY'RE RUNNING OUT OF VACCINE. - SO, THAT IS CHANGING. - I DEFINITELY THINK THAT THERE - ARE STILL DOSES ON SHELVES. - THAT IS A PROBLEM. - THE QUESTION IS, WHERE ARE THEY? - AND ONE OF THE BIG ISSUES THAT I - THINK THAT WE'VE HAD THROUGHOUT - THIS VACCINE ROLLOUT IS JUST A - LA OF TRANSPARENCY AND A LACK - OF VISIBILITY. - THERE'S LACK OF ABILITY FOR BOTH - THE FEDERAL LEVEL AND THE STATE - LEVEL TO JUST KNOW WHERE - EVERYTHING IS. - AND EVEN WHEN I TALK TO STATE - OFFICIALS, THEY DON'T HAVE THAT - CLARITY. - AND THAT'S A HUGE PROBLEM. - >> Sreenivasan: SO WHAT IS THE - FEDERAL GOVERNMENT'S ROLE IN - THIS? - HOW DO THEY FIGURE OUT WHAT - STATE IS GOING TO HAVE HOW MANY - VACCINES ON WHAT DAY? - >> OPERATION WARP SPEED UNDER

- THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION HAD - DONE ALLOCATIONS BY PER CAPITA - BASIS, 18 AND UP. - AND IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN WHAT - THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION IS - GOING TO DO. - BUT WE JUST REPORTED AT - PROPUBLICA THAT OPERATION WARP - SPEED WAS OPERATING ON THIS WEEK - BY WEEK BASIS AND JUST OPERATING - ON A WEEK BY WEEK BASIS FOR A - NATIONAL VACCINATION CAMPAIGN IS - SO HARD BECAUSE YOU HAVE NO - FORWARD PLANNING CAPABILITY. - AND THEN THAT ROLLS DOWN TO THE - HOSPITALS AND VACCINATION SITES - WHERE THEY'RE SITTING AROUND - SAYING, WELL, WHAT AM I GOING TO - GET THIS WEEK? - >> Sreenivasan: SO IT WAS THE - GOVERNMENT'S RATIONALE THEN THAT - I JUST WANT TO SPEAK FOR - VACCINES THAT EXIST VERSUS - PROJECTING THINGS THAT MIGHT NOT - EXIST BECAUSE WE STILL ARE - DEPENDENT ON THE MANUFACTURERS - NOT HAVING ANY PROBLEMS. - >> IF WE LOOK BACK, FOR EXAMPLE, - TO H1N1 AND THAT VACCINATION - CAMPAIGN, A BIG PROBLEM THERE - WAS OVER-PROMISING A SUPPLY. - I CAN IMAGINE THAT THEY DID NOT - WANT TO HAVE A SIMILAR SITUATION - WHERE THEY SAID, WE PROMISE - YOU THAT YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE

- X AMOUNT EVERY WEEK, AND THEN - THE INABILITY TO DELIVER WOULD - HAVE LOOKED REALLY BAD. - SO, YOU KNOW, THIS IS REALLY A - TRICKY THING TO DO RIGHT. - YOU BOTH NEED TO GIVE STATES - PLANNING ABILITIES AND OF - COURSE, YOU DON'T WANT TO OVER- - PROMISE AT THE SAME TIME. - >> Sreenivasan: NOW, IN ALL OF - THE MOVES THAT PRESIDENT BIDEN - HAS INITIATED IN THE FIRST - COUPLE OF DAYS HE'S BEEN IN - OFFICE, THERE HAS BEEN TALK - ABOUT THE DEFENSE PRODUCTION - ACT. - CAN THE ADMINISTRATION CALL UP - ONE OF THESE MANUFACTURERS AND - SAY STOP PRODUCING SOME OF YOUR - OTHER MEDICINES, PRODUCE MORE OF - THIS VACCINE? - >> I HAVE NOT HEARD THAT THEY'RE - PLANNING TO USE THE D.P.A. WITH - ASKING THE MANUFACTURERS TO SORT - OF STOP PRODUCTION OF OTHER - ITEMS BECAUSE THE FACTORIES - ARE QUITE SPECIALIZED FOR THE - TYPE OF VACCINES THAT THEY'RE - GOING TO MAKE. - SO YOU CAN'T TURN OVER SORT OF A - PILL STAMPING FACTORY FOR AN - m.R.N.A. AND A VACCINE OVERNIGHT - NECESSARILY. - ON PAPER, BOTH MODERNA AND - PFIZER HAVE BEEN CONTRACTED TO - PRODUCE 100 MILLION DOSES EACH - BY THE END OF THE FIRST QUARTER.

- SO THAT'S YOU KNOW, IF THEY - DELIVER, IT IS QUITE A LOT OF - DOSES. - AND THEN WE PROBABLY HAVE - JOHNSON AND JOHNSON'S VACCINE - COMING ALONG AS WELL, WHICH - WOULD GIVE US A SIGNIFICANT - NUMBER OF DOSES. - SO I THINK THE FIRST PRIORITY - FOR THE BIDEN CAMPAIGN IS - ACTUALLY MORE ON THE LOGISTICS - SIDE. - WHILE, OF COURSE, WE WOULD ALL - LOVE TO HAVE MORE SUPPLY, A LOT - OF THE LOGISTICAL ENDS, THE LAST - MILE, ARE STILL A BIG PROBLEM - RIGHT NOW. - >> Sreenivasan: ANOTHER CONCERN - THAT PEOPLE HAVE RIGHT NOW IS - WITH ALL OF THE NEWS OF - DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF THE VIRUS, - THERE'S ONE IN L.A., THERE'S - ONE IN THE BAY AREA, THERE'S - ONE IN THE U.K., AND OF COURSE, - SOUTH AFRICA. - THIS IS CAUSING CONCERN FOR - EVERYONE. - IS THE SHOT THAT I'M LINING UP - TO GET, IS THAT GOING TO PROTECT - ME? - >> SO, SO FAR, WE HAVE NO REASON - TO BELIEVE THAT THE VACCINES ARE - NOT GOING TO BE EFFICACIOUS - AGAINST THE DIFFERENT VARIANTS - THAT WE'RE SEEING. - EPIDEMIOLOGISTS, SOME OF THEM - HAVE ARGUED THAT IF WE HAVE - LIMITED CONTACT TRACING - RESOURCES, WHICH WE ABSOLUTELY - DO RIGHT NOW IN THE US, THAT - THEY SHOULD PRIORITIZE ANY CASES

- THAT ARE THE U.K. VARIANT. - WE HAVE FOUND A FEW IN THE - COUNTRY. - SO WE SHOULD PRIORITIZE THOSE - CASES BECAUSE THEY WILL SPREAD - FASTER. - AND THEN, OF COURSE, THERE IS - NOW MORE THAN EVER THE ARGUMENT - THAT YOU SHOULD NOT BE A CASE, - ANY TYPE OF CASE. - VIRUSES JUST MUTATE. - THAT'S WHAT THEY DO. - AND EVERY TIME THEY MUTATE, - WHICH MEANS YOU'RE A CASE, - YOU'RE GIVING IT A CHANCE TO - MUTATE, YOU'RE GIVING IT MORE - CHANCES TO MUTATE AWAY FROM THE - TYPE OF CORONAVIRUS THAT WE KNOW - THAT THE VACCINE WORKS AGAINST. - SO OUR JOB AS INDIVIDUALS IS TO - NOT BE A CASE. - IF YOU'RE WORRIED ABOUT - VARIANTS, THAT'S YOUR JOB. - DON'T BE A CASE. - DON'T GIVE IT A CHANCE TO - MUTATE. - >> Sreenivasan: ALL RIGHT. - CAROLINE CHEN OF PROPUBLICA, - THKS SO MUCH. - >> THANKS SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME. - >> Sreenivasan: BRAVING BITTER - COLD AND, AT TIMES, BRUTAL - RESISTANCE, SCORES OF RUSSIANS - TOOK TO THE STREETS THROUGHOUT - THE COUNTRY TODAY TO PROTEST THE - DETENTION OF RUSSIAN DISSIDENT - ALEKSEI NAVALNY. - FROM THE FAR-EASTERN SIBERIAN - CITY OF VLADIVOOK TO ITS - CAPITAL MOSCOW, DEMONSTRATORS

- CLASHED WITH HEAVILY-ARMORED - FORCES THROUGH THE DAY. - NAVALNY, IS CONSIDERED TO BE - RUSSIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMR - PUTIN'S PRIMARY POLITICAL RIVAL. - HE WAS DETAINED UPON RETURNING - TO RUSSIA LAST WEEK FROM GERMANY - WHERE HE RECOVERED FROM BEING - POISONED LAST SUMMER. - SECURITY FORCES DETAINED - THOUSANDS OF DEMONSTRATORS WHO - ARE CALLING FOR NAVALNY'S - RELEASE, INCLUDING HIS WIFE - YUILIA AS WELL AS OTHER - OPPOSITION LEADERS. - >> Sreenivasan: NEWSHOUR WEEKEND - SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT RYAN - CHILCOTE HAS MORE ON TODAY'S - PROTESTS AND THE GROWING - POPULARITY OF MR. NAVALNY. - >> Reporter: ALEXENAVALNY - APPEARS TO BE INCREASINGLY - POPULAR. - WHEN NAVALNY ARRIVED FROM - GERMANY A LITTLE OVER A WEEK - AGO, HIS TEAM RELEASED A VIDEO - IN WHICH HE ALLEGED THAT - PRESIDENT PUTIN HAS A PALACE - THAT IS VALUE A BILLION - DOLLARS THAT WAS BUILT ON - BRIBES. - NOW, THE KREMLIN HAS DENIED - THIS ALLEGATION, BUT THIS VIDEO - HAS BEEN WATCHED BY MORE THAN - 71 MILLION PEOPLE. - I PROFILED HIM TWICE FIRST IN - 2011, WHEN HE WAS BASICALLY AN - ACTIVIST INVESR INVESTIGATING - CORRUPTION IN STATE COMPANIES,

- AND THEN AGAIN IN 2017, WHEN HE - WAS TRYING TO RUN FOR PRESIDENT, - HE WAS ACTUALLY BARRED FROM - BEING ON THE BALLOT THEN. - NOW, WHERE DOES THIS GO? - WELL, MR. NAVALNY IS WELL KNOWN, - BUT PERHAPS NOT UNIVERSALLY - LOVED. - AND IN FACT, ONE POLLSTER SAYS - NEVERTHELESS, HE CAN DISCREDIT - THE KREMLIN WITH HIS ALLEGATIONS - OF CORRUPTION, HIS MOVEMENT THAT - HE'S BEGUN. - AND SO IT IS LIKELY THAT THESE - PROTESTS WILL CONTINUE BECAUSE - IT'S LIKELY THAT ALEXEI NAVALNY - WILL REMAIN IN JAIL. - AND HERE'S THE KEY THING TO KEEP - IN MIND. - IN SEPTEMBER, RUSSIA IS GOING - TO HAVE A VERY IMPORTANT - PARLIAMENTARY ELECTION FOR - THE STATE DUMA. - THERE IS A SCHOOL OF THOUGHT - THAT IF THE KREMLIN WAS TO, - THEY WILL KEEP HIM IN JAIL UNTIL - AT LEAST AFTER THAT ELECTION IN - SEPTEMBER, AND PERHAPS FOR YEARS - AND YEARS BEYOND THAT, SIMPLY TO - SOLVE THIS POLITICAL PROBLEM. - >> Sreenivasan: LARRY KING, - WHOSE BROADCAST INTERVIEWS WITH - WORLD LEADERS, MOVIE STARS AND - MORE MADE NEWS FOR MORE THAN A - HALF-CENTURY, DIED TODAY. - HIS PRODUCTION COMPANY TWEETED - THIS MORNING THAT KING DIED AT - CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER IN - LOS ANGELES, BUT DID NOT SAY - WHAT CAUSED HIS DEATH.

- BORN LAWRENCE HARVEY ZEIGER IN - 1933, KING WAS THE SON OF JEWISH - IMMIGRANTS FROM EASTERN EUROPE - WHO RAN A BAR AND GRILL IN - BROOKLYN. - A RADIO STATION MANAGER ASKED - HIM TO CHANGE HIS NAME EARLY IN - HIS CAREER AND KING WENT ON TO - BECOME A NATIONALLY SYNDICATED - RADIO HOST, AND THEN A NIGHTLY - TV HOST ON CNN FROM 1985 THROUGH - 2010. - HE REPORTEDLY CONDUCTED CLOSE TO - 50,000 ON-AIR INTERVIEWS THAT - INCLUDED MEGA-CELEBRITIES, WORLD - LEADERS AND NEWSMAKERS. - A THREE-PACKS-A-DAY CIGARETTE - HABIT LED TO A HEART ATTACK AND - QUINTUPLE-BYPASS SURGERY IN 1987 - FOLLOWED BY MANY OTHER MEDICAL - ISSUES. - HE CONTINUED ON THE AIR AT CNN - FOR 25 YEARS, RETIRING IN 2010 - BUT THEN RETURNING WITH AN - ONLINE TALK SHOW, TV SPECIALS - AND A VIBRANT TWITTER FEED. - EARLIER THIS MONTH, A - SPOKESPERSON SAID NG WAS - HOSPITALIZED WITH COVID-19. - LARRY KING WAS 87 YEARS OLD. - TO READ MORE ON COVID-19 - VACCINATION EFFORTS AND THE

- LATEST NATIONAL AND - INTERNATIONAL NEWS, VISIT - www.pbs.org/newshour. - >> Sreenivasan: THIS WEEK, THE - N.A.A.C.P. LEGAL DEFENSE AND - EDUCATIONAL FUND LAUNCHED THE - MARSHAL-MOTLEY SCHOLARS PROGRAM. - IT'S A PIPELINE PROJECT THAT - HOPES TO GET PROSPECTIVE CIVIL - RIGHTS ATTORNEYS FROM LAW SCHOOL - TO THE COURTROOM, AND A - $40 MILLION ANONYMOUS DONATION - IS MAKING IT POSSIBLE. - NEWSHOUR WEEKEND'S IVETTE - FELICIANO RECENTLY SPOKE WITH - THE L.D.F.'S ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR- - COUNSEL, JANAI NELSON, ABOUT THE - SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM. - >> Reporter: SO, JANAI, THE - MARSHALL-MOTLEY SCHOLARS PROGRAM - HAS BEEN DESCRIBED AS A - COMPREHENSIVE LAWYER DEVELOPMENT - PROGRAM THAT LEAVES NOTHING UP - TO CHANCE. - WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? - >> THAT MEANS WE'VE TAKEN CARE - OF TUITION, WEE TAKEN CARE OF - INCIDENTALS. - WE ARE PROVIDING SUMMER - INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES. - WE ARE PROVIDING A POSTGRADUATE - TWO-YEAR FELLOWSHIP. - AND THEN, WE ALSO PLAN TO - SUPPORT THESE PARTICIPANTS IN - THEIR JOURNEY OF BECOMING CIVIL - RIGHTS LAWYERS OVER THE COURSE

- OF THE FOLLOWING EIGHT YEARS AS - THEY BUILD A LAW PRACTICE IN THE - SOUTH. - >> Reporter: NAMED AFTER - THURGOOD MARSHALL, THE FIRST - BLACK SUPREME COURT JUSTICE, AND - CONSTANCE BAKER MOTLEY, THE - NATION'S FIRST BLACK WOMAN TO - SERVE AS A FEDERAL JUDGE, THE - PROGRAM HOPES TO SUPPORT 50 - CIVIL RIGHTS LAWYERS OVER THE - NEXT 20 YEARS. - >> SO, WHEN WE CONSIDER THE - AMOUNT OF STUDENT DEBT THAT - AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS IN - PARTICULAR HOLD, THAT WAS A - SIGNIFICANT REASON FOR US TO - MAKE THIS INVESTMENT AND THINK - ABOUT HOW WE CAN ENSURE THAT - THESE STUDENTS ARE NOT BURDENED - OR-- OR DIVERTED FROM THE PATH - OF CIVIL RIGHTS WORK BECAUSE OF - THAT DEBT. - IMPORTANT TO LAUNCH THIS PROGRAM - RIGHT NOW? - >> WELL, FOR A NUMBER OF - REASONS. - I THINK, YOU KNOW, WE'RE COMING - OUT OF A VERY TRAUMATIC PERIOD - FOR OUR DEMOCRACY. - I THINK WE'VE SEEN IN VERY STARK - TERMS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE - AREN'T TRUTHFUL ABOUT OUR - HISTORY, WHEN WE AREN'T TRUTHFUL

- WITH OURSELVES ABOUT THE WORK - THAT REMAINS TO BE DONE TO BUILD - OUR DEMOCRACY, AND WHEN WE - AREN'T TRUTHFUL ABOUT THE - ONGOING HARMS OF WHITE SUPREMACY - AND ANTI-BLACK RACISM AND RACISM - WRIT LARGE IN OUR SOCIETY. - AND THE WORK OF CIVIL RIGHTS - LAWYERS IN THE PAST FOUR YEARS - HAS SHOWN HOW INTEGRAL THEY ARE - TO MAINTAINING OUR DEMOCRACY AND - ENSURING THAT WE FULFILL OUR - IDEALS AS A CONSTITUTIONAL - DEMOCRACY. - SO, THIS COULD NOT BE MORE - FITTING IN THE MOMENT. - THIS WAS A PROGRAM THAT WAS A - LONG TIME IN THE MAKING, BUT - THIS PARTICULAR MOMENT REALLY - EMPHASIZES WHY IT'S SO - INCREDIBLY NECESSARY. - >> Reporter: AND WHY FOCUS ON - TRAINING CIVIL RIGHTS LAWYERS TO - SERVE IN THE SOUTHPEFICALLY? - >> THE SOUTH IS-- IS JUST ON - FIRE. - SO MANY PEOPLE HAVE IDENTIFIED - THE SOUTH AS-- AS A SLEEPING - GIANT, AND CERTAINLY THE SOUTH

- THAT-- THAT IS COMPRISED OF - PEOPLE OF COLOR IN PARTICULAR. - WE KNOW THAT THERE-- THAT THE - MAJORITY OF BLACK PEOPLE IN THIS - COUNTRY LIVE IN THE SOUTH. - WE KNOW THAT LATINX COMMUNITIES - AND ASIAN COMMUNITIES ARE ALSO - GROWING IN THE SOUTH. - AND WE ALSO KNOW THE VERY - FRAUGHT HISTORY OF THE SOUTH. - AND SO, WE WANT TO ENSURE THAT - AS OUR POPULATION IN THE SOUTH - CONTINUES TO DIVERSIFY, THAT WE - ARE ABLE TO MEET THE NEEDS AND - DEMANDS OF THAT NEW AND DIVERSE - POPULATION WITH A CADRE OF CIVIL - RIGHTS LAWYERS WHO CAN ENSURE - THAT THERE ARE PROTECTIONS AND - THAT THERE'S FAIRNESS AND - EQUALITY FOR ALL. - >> Reporter: NELSON ANTICIPATES - THESE NEW LAWYERWILL FOCUS ON - CRIMINAL JUSTICE, POLICI, AND - EDUCATIONAL DISPARITIES, BUT SHE - SAYS ENSURING VOTING RIGHTS IS A - PRIORITY. - >> WE ARE CONCERNED ABOUT THE - STATE OF OUR DEMOCRACY, THE - STATE OF VOTING RIGHTS IN THI - COUNTRY. - YOU KNOW, THE SUPREME COURT SAID - BACK IN 1886 THAT THE RIGHT TO - VOTE IPRESERVATIVE OF ALL

- RIGHTS, WHICH MEANS THAT WITHOUT - THE RIGHT TO VOTE, ALL OF THE - RIGHTS THAT WE ENJOY ARE IN - JEOPARDY. - AND WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT - THE GROWING POLITICAL POWER IN - THIS COUNTRY, PARTICULARLY OF - PEOPLE OF COLOR, IS-- IS ABLE TO - SEE CHANGE AS A RESULT OF THAT - GROWTH; THAT POWER IS ACTUALLY - ACTUALIZED IN A WAY THAT ENSURES - THAT THERE'S GREATER EQUALITY, - THAT THERE IS MORE OPPORTUNITY, - THAT THERE'S LESS DIVISION AND - MORE INCLUSIVITY IN OUR - REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY. - >> Reporter: JANAI NELSON, - ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR-COUNSEL OF - THE N.A.A.C.P. LEGAL DEFENSE AND - EDUCATIONAL FUND, THANK YOU SO - MUCH FOR JOINING US - >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING - ME, IVETTE. - >> Sreenivasan: IT'S BEEN - 19 YEARS SINCE THE UNITED STATES - OPEN A PRISON AT THE - GUANTANAMO BAY NAVY BASE FOR - WAR ON TERRORISM DETAINEES.

- THE POPULATION, ONCE CLOSE TO - 800 ISONERS, NOW STANDS AT 40. - MOST WERE HELD WITHOUT A TRIAL. - SIX DETAINEES HAVE BEEN CLEARED - FOR RELEASE, BUT THE OFFICE TO - RELOCATE THEM WAS CLOSED FOUR - YEARS AGO. - THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION FAILED - TO CLOSE GUANTANAMO. - PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN'S SECRETARY - OF DEFENSE, GENERAL LLOYD - AUSTIN, SAID HE WILL FOLLOW - THROUGH ON CLOSING IT, BUT THERE - E STILL HURDLES IN THE WAY. - MICHEL PARADIS IS A LEADING - HUMAN RIGHTS LAWYER WHO HAS - REPRESENTED GUANTANAMO - DETAINEES. - HE'S ALSO A SCHOLAR OF NATIONAL - SECURITY LAW, AND AUTHOR OF THE - BOOK "LAST MISSION TO TOKYO." - >> WELL, THE TRUMP - >> Sreenivasan: WHAT'S THE HARD - COST OF KEEPING THAT PRISON - OPEN? - AND ALSO, I GUESS THERE'S ALSO A - PRETTY SIGNIFICANT SOFT COST. - >> ABSOLUTELY. - THE HARD COST, JUST IN - DOLLAR TERMS, FOR DETAINING - THE DETAINEES IS $13 MILLION A - YEAR, EACH. - SO, THIS IS THE MOST EXPENSIVE - GATED COMMUNITY IN THE CARIBBEAN - YOU'VE EVER HEARD OF. - BUT THE SOFT COSTS ARE - ASTRONOMICAL. - THEY ARE COSTS TO OUR DIPLOMATIC

- CREDIBILITY AROUND THE WORLD. - THERE ARE COSTS TO OUR ABILITY - TO COOPERATE WITH ALLIES IN - WAR-FIGHTING EFFORTS. - I THINK THERE'S ALSO A COST HERE - AT HOME. - I DON'T THINK YOU CAN SEE - CHILDREN IN CAGES ON THE - SOUTHERN BORDER IF WE HADN'T IN - SOME WAY OR ANOTHER CREATED THE - LEGAL AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE - OF SEEING MEN IN CAGES IN - GUANTANAMO A FEW YEARS BEFORE - THAT. - GUANTANAMO IS A PLACE THAT, FROM - ITS VERY INCEPTION, WAS DESIGNED - TO BE A PLACE WHERE PEOPLE WERE - NOT PEOPLE. - AND ONCE YOU START CREATING A - LEGAL REGIME AROUND THE IDEA - THAT THERE ARE PEOPLE WHO HAVE - NO RIGHTS AT ALL, THEY ARE - MERELY OBJECTS, IT'S VERY EASY - FOR THAT TO SPILL OVER INTO ALL - ASPECTS OF AMERICAN SOCIETY, - WHETHER OR NOT IT'S THE TACTICS - USED IN POLICING, WHETHER OR NOT - IT'S THE TREATMENT OF IMMIGRANTS - AT THE BORDER OR NEAR THE - BORDER, THE TREATMENT OF - REFUGEES. - VERY QUICKLY, THE LAW OF - GUANTANAMO HAS BECOME INFECTED - IN A WAY, HAS INFECTED THE LAW - OF THE UNITED STATES. - >> Sreenivasan: IS THE VERY - EXISTENCE OF THIS FACILITY AND - THE PEOPLE THAT ARE IN IT AN - OPPORTUNITY FOR OUR ENEMIES TO

- RECRUIT AGAINST US? - >> IT'S NOT JUST AN OPPORTUNITY, - IT'S A PRIMARY RECRUITING TOOL. - THERE IS A LONG TRADITION GOING - BACK TO THE 50s OF RADICAL - MUSLIM TERRORISTS USING THE - IMPRISONED, ESSENTIALLY - POLITICAL PRISONERS, AS THEIR - PRIMARY RECRUITING TOOL. - AND GUANTANAMO HAS BEEN THE MOST - SPECTACULAR EXAMPLE OF THAT - AROUND THE WORLD. - THERE'S A REASON THAT ISIS PUT - MEN IN ORANGJUMPSUITS BEFORE - BURNING THEM ALIVE OR BEHEADING - THEM BECAUSE THEY WERE MAKING IT - A MORAL EQUIVALENCE TO - GUANTANAMO. - >> Sreenivasan: SO WHAT IS THE - SOLUTION, THEN? - HOW SHOULD WE BE BRINGING PEOPLE - TO JUSTICE? - >> SURE. - SO THE EASIEST, MOST TRIED AND - TRUE WAY TO BRING PEOPLE TO - JUSTICE, SUCH AS THE FIVE MEN - CHARGED FOR PERPETRATING THE - ATTACKS OF SEPTEMBER 11, ARE THE - FEDERAL COURTS. - YOU COULD DO THAT VERY EASILY IN - FEDERAL COURTS. - THE FEDERAL COURTS HAVE A - STERLING TRACK RECORD OF NOT - ONLY CONVICTING PEOPLE IN - TERRORISM CASES, BUT OF GIVING - THEM EXTREMELY STIFF SENTENCES. - FOR THE OTHER DETAINEES, THE MEN - WHO WERE BROUGHT THERE BACK IN

- 2002, BEFORE THE iPOD-- NOT THE - iPHONE, BUT BEFORE THE iPOD WAS - INVENTED, ARE NOW OLD MEN. - THERE IS SIMPLY NO RATIONAL - SECURITY REASON TO HOLD THE - VAST MAJORITY OF THE 40 MEN WHO - ARE IN GUANTANAMO. - >> Sreenivasan: WHY IS THERE ANY - INTEREST IN THIS NOT BEING IN - THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM? - >> CERTAINLY DURING THE OBAMA - ADMINISTRATION, THERE BECAME - THIS, I WOULD CALL IT, A FAUX - MACHISMO AROUND THE WAR ON - TERRORISM THAT YOU SAW FORMER - PRESIDENT TRUMP OFTEN PLAY UP, - "THE GUANTANAMO-- WE'RE GOING TO - FILL IT WITH BAD DUDES." - SO I THINK THAT'S A BIG PART OF - IT. - POLITICS HAS PLAYED A TREMENDOUS - PART IN MAKING GUANTANAMO AS - DYSFUNCTIONAL AS IT IS. - YOU KNOW, AS WE'RE CONDUCTING - THIS INTERVIEW, YESTERDAY, AS - SOMETHING OF A PARTING SHOT, AN - OUTGOING TRUMP OFFICIAL CHARGED - THREE MORE MEN IN THE MILITARY - COMMISSIONS IN GUANTANAMO. - BY ALL ACCOUNTS AND BY ALL - MEASURES, ONLY TO COMPLICATE

- SECRETARY AUSTIN'S ABILITY TO - MAKE GOOD ON HIS PROMISE TO THE - CONGRESS THAT HE WAS GOING TO - REALLY MAKE AN INITIATIVE TO - CLOSE GUANTANAMO. - >> Sreenivasan: SO WHAT HAPPENS - TO THESE THREE, I THINK IT'S - INDONESIAN MEN, THAT HAVE BEEN - ARGED, OR, THEY MIGHT GO TO - TRIAL NOW? - >> I WOUL'T PUT MY MONEY ON - IT, TO BE PERFECTLY CANDID. - THESE MEN HAVE BEEN IN - GUANTANAMO OR AT LEAST IN U.S. - CUSTODY SINCE, I THINK, 2003. - BUT TO GIVE YOU A MEASURE OF - HOW ANY TRIAL MIGHT GO, THE - 9/11 CONSPIRATORS, THE FIVE - 9/11 CONSPIRATORS, HAVE BEEN - FACING TRIAL SINCE 2008. - THERE'S NO TRIAL DATE SET YET. - THE ONLY THING THAT HAS BEEN - UNFLAGGINGLY TRUE ABOUT THE - MILITARY COMMISSIONS IS DELAY. - ONE THING AFTER ANOTHER HAS MADE - THESE SORT OF THESE TRIALS INTO - A WAITING FOR GODOT EXPERIENCE - THERE. - THE TRIALS THAT EVERYONE'S - WAITING FOR BUT NEVER COME. - AND THESE THREE INDONESIANS, - THEY'RE GOING TO BE IN SOME FORM - OF ROPE-A-DOPE TRIAL PROCESS FOR - THE NEXT DECADE. - AND I THINK IT'S REALLY JUST A

- STARTLING FEATURE OF GUANTANAMO - AND THE MILITARY COMMISSIONS - THAT WACTUALLY ARE HAVING - FAIRLY REALISTIC CONVERSATIONS - ABOUT THE 9/11 CASE NOT ACTUALLY - BEING RESOLVED UNTIL THE PEOPLE - WHO WERE NOT YET BORN ON - SEPTEMBER 11th ARE APPROACHING - MIDDLE AGE. - AND IT'S A SCAR ON OUR COUNTRY - THAT HAS YET TO HEAL. - AND GUANTANAMO IS THE PRIMARY - REASON THAT SCAR CONTINUES TO - FESTER. - >> Sreenivasan: MICHEL PARADIS, - AS A SENIOR ATTORNEY AT THE - DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE OFFICE OF - THE CHIEF DEFENSE COUNSEL, - THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US. - >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING - ME ON. - >> THIS IS PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND, - SATURDAY. - >> Sreenivasan: AFTER MONTHS OF - SHUTDOWNS AND RESTRICTIONS - DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC, - SOME SKI RESORTS ARE CAUTIOUSLY - REOPENING IN THE U.S. AND - EUROPE, BUT NOT IN FRANCE. - WORRIED ABOUT OUTBREAKS, FRENCH - SKI RESORTS CAN'T USE THEIR - CHAIR LIFTS OR OPEN THEIR - CHALETS. - BUT, THE SHUTDOWNS ARE SPURRING - DEMAND FOR A MUCH SLOWER SNOW

- SPORT, SNOWSHOEING, AND ONE - FRENCH COMPANY IS STEPPING UP - PRODUCTION TO MEET THE DEMAND. - THE SKI LIFTS ARE SHUT DOWN, BUT - THERE IS PLENTY OF SNOW, TRAILS - ARE OPEN, AND THOUSANDS OF - PEOPLE IN FRANCE ARE WILLING TO - WALK WHERE THEY ONCE FLEW - DOWNHILL. - >> ( translated ): I REALLY - HAVEN'T USED SNOWSHOES A LOT - THESE PAST YEARS. - NOW, I'M GETTING BACK INTO IT - BECAUSE, WELL, IT'S DIFFERENT. - IT'S QUITE GOOD FOR PHYSICAL - ACTIVITY, IT MAKES YOUR BODY - WORK, WE WARM UP QUICKLY - COMPARED TO SKIING, WHEN WE - SOMETIMES GET A BIT COLD ON THE - SKI LIFTS. - >> Sreenivasan: THE SNOWSHOE - COMPANY T.S.L., BASED IN THE - FRENCH ALPS, IS PRODUCING ITS - HIGH-TECH SNOWSHOES AT A RECORD - PACE, AND HAS A BACKLOG OF - 40,000 PAIRS. - >> ( translated ): FOR US, IT IS - QUITE STRESSFUL, BUT IT'S A GOOD - STRESS. - BECAUSE WE ARE CRUMBLING UNDER - ORDERS, WE DON'T KNOW HOW WE - WILL MAKE IT. - IT'S RATHER A GOOD STRESS. - >> Sreenivasan: FOR THOSE - WILING TO CARRY SNOWBOARDS OR - SKIS UP HILLS, SNOW SHOES ARE

- CURRENTLY THE ONLY Y TO GO IN - FRANCE. - SNOWSHOEING IS SO POPULAR, SKI - RESORTS AND THEIR INSTRUCTORS - ARE TRYING TO KEEP UP. - >> ( translated ): WE RENT - EQUIPMENT AT THE SKI RESORT, - AND WE HAVE A PARK OF AROUND - 100 SNOWSHOES, WHICH USUALLY IS - ENOUGH. - BUT RIGHT NOW, ON BUSY DAYS, - IT IS TAKEN BY STORM, AND AT - 9:00 A.M., OR AROUND 9:30 A.M., - THERE IS NOT A SNOWSHOE LEFT. - >> Sreenivasan: INSTRUCTORS HAVE - SWITCHED FROM TEACHING SKIING TO - FITTING THE SPECIALIZED FOOTWEAR - AND GUIDING FIRST-TIME - SNOWSHRS. - AN INDUSTRY SUFFERING BIG - LOSSES FROM COVID-19, IT'S A - SMALL STEP TOWARD RECOVERY. - >> Sreenivasan: THAT'S ALL FOR - THIS EDITION OF PBS NEWSHOUR - WEEKEND. - FOR THE LATEST NEWS UPDATES - VISIT www.pbs.org/nshour. - I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. - THANKS FOR WATCHING. - STAY HEALTHY, AND HAVE A - GOOD NIGHT. - Captioning sponsored by WNET - Captioned by - Media Access Group at WGBH

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- THE PBS PRESENTATION - OF THIS PROGRAM WAS PROVIDED - BY GENERAL MOTORS. - WOMAN: THE WORLD IS - EVER-CHANGING. - WHAT HASN'T REALLY CHANGED - IS THE WAY WE MOVE AROUND IT. - BUT THAT WAY IS GIVING WAY - TO A WHOLE GENERATION OF PEOPLE - WHO WILL CHARGE THEIR CARS - JUST LIKE THEIR PHONES, - AND WHO WILL JUDGE VEHICLES - NOT BY - THE REV OF AN ENGINE - BUT BY THE HUM OF CHANGE. - THE START BUTTON TO - AN ALL-ELECTRIC FUTURE - HAS BEEN PUSHED. - DAVID: YOU GET A CALL - FROM STEVE JOBS. - TIM: THERE WAS - A SPARKLE IN HIS EYE - THAT I'D NEVER SEEN - IN A CEO BEFORE. - DAVID: DID YOUR FRIENDS TELL YOU - THIS WAS NOT A GOOD IDEA? - TIM: THEY THOUGHT IT WAS NUTS. - DAVID: WARREN BUFFETT STILL USES - THAT OLD FLIP PHONE. - TIM: I TOLD HIM - THAT I'LL PERSONALLY - COME OUT TO OMAHA TO - DO TECH SUPPORT FOR HIM.