PBS NewsHour; Friday, November 18, 2022, 3:00pm-4:00pm PST

>> GOOD EVENING AND WELCOME. JULIE WOODRUFF IS AWAY. ON THE NEWSHOUR, INVESTIGATING TRUMP. ATTORNEY GENERAL MERRICK GARLAND APPOINTS A SPECIAL COUNSEL TO OVERSEE PROBES INTO THE FORMER PRESIDENT'S HANDLING OF CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS, AND HIS ROLE IN EFFORTS TO OVERTURN THE 2020 ELECTION. A CONTROVERSIAL STANCE. THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION DECLARES THE SAUDI CROWN PRINCE SHOULD BE IMMUNE FROM LAWSUITS OVER HIS ROLE IN THE MURDER OF JOURNALIST JAMAAL KHASHOGGI. SEARCHING FOR JUSTICE. 25 YEARS AFTER PASSING CONGRESS, A LAW THAT SPED UP THE ADOPTION PROCESS IS MAKING IT DIFFICULT FOR PARENTS WITH CRIMINAL HISTORIES TO REGAIN CUSTODY OF THEIR CHILDREN. >> NOT EVEN KNOWING WHAT SHE LOOKS LIKE IS THE HARDEST PART. I FEEL I COULD BE WALKING AND MY

DAUGHTER COULD WALK PAST ME AND I WOULD NOT KNOW IT IS HER. >> ALL THAT AND ME ON TONIGHT'S PBS NEWSHOUR. >> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY -- >> PEDIATRIC SURGEON, VOLUNTEER, TOPIARY ARTIST, A RAYMONDJAMES FINANCIAL ADVISOR TAYLOR'S ADVICE TO HELP YOU WITH YOUR LIFE. LIFE, WELL-PLANNED. >> WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS. AND FRIENDS OF THE NEWSHOUR, INCLUDING KATHY AND PAUL ANDERSON. >> THE LANDSCAPE HAS CHANGED, BUT NOT FOR THE LAST TIME. THE RULES OF BUSINESS ARE BEING REINVENTED WITH A MORE FLEXIBLE

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CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. >> THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INVESTIGATIONS INTO FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP ARE ENTERING A NEW PHASE. ATTORNEY GENERAL MERRICK GARLAND APPOINTING A SPECIAL COUNSEL TO OVERSEE TWO DIFFERENT PROBES, INTERFERENCE IN THE TRANSFER OF POWER AROUND THE COUNTING OF THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTES, AND HANDLING OF CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS OF TRUMP'S FLORIDA HOME. OUR CORRESPONDENT HAS MORE DETAILS. >> THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SAID HE'S TAKING THIS STEP TO KEEP THE INVESTIGATION SEPARATE FROM POLITICS. >> BASED ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, INCLUDING THE FORMER PRESIDENT'S ANNOUNCEMENT HE'S A CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT IN THE NEXT ELECTION, AND THE SITTING PRESIDENT STATED TO BE A CANDIDATE, AS WELL, I HAVE CONCLUDED IT IS IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST TO APPOINT A SPECIAL COUNSEL. SUCH AN APPOINTMENT UNDERSCORES THE DEPARTMENT'S COMMITMENT TO BOTH INDEPENDENTS AND

ACCOUNTABILITY, PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE MATTERS. >> GARLAND NAMED JACK SMITH. HE WILL DETERMINE WHETHER TO RECOMMEND CRIMINAL CHARGES AGAINST THE FORMER PRESIDENT. FOLLOWING THIS CLOSELY IS CHUCK ROSENBERG. THESE ARE KIND OF UNCHARTED TYPES OF INVESTIGATIONS. BOTH ESSENTIALLY WHETHER A FORMER PRESIDENT, SITTING PRESIDENT HARMED OR RISKED THIS COUNTRY WHILE IN OFFICE. BUT THE IDEA OF A SPECIAL COUNSEL IS NOT ENTIRELY NEW. IT IS NOT INDEPENDENT. HOW WILL IT EFFECT THE INVESTIGATIONS? >> YOU ARE RIGHT. THESE ARE UNPRECEDENTED CIRCUMSTANCES. THINK OF IT THIS WAY. THERE HAS BEEN AN ONGOING INVESTIGATION. FBI AGENTS AND PROSECUTORS HAVE BEEN WORKING ON THIS FOR QUITE SOME TIME. THE NEW SPECIAL COUNSEL IS GOING TO BE HOPPING ABOARD A MOVING BUS. IT MIGHT SLOW DOWN A LITTLE BIT TO GET HIM UP TO SPEED.

BUT IT IS GOING TO MOVE FORWARD. HE IS GOING TO LEARN THE CASE QUICKLY. HE ALSO HAS A TEAM OF PEOPLE WHO KNOW THE FACTS AND CAN GET HIM UP TO SPEED. >> FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS RESPONDED TO FOX DIGITAL SAYING IT IS UNFAIR AND POLITICAL. WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT THE SPECIAL COUNSEL AND HOW'S HE'S HANDLED HIGH-PRESSURE, HIGH-STAKES TO PRESSURE INVESTIGATIONS IN THE PAST? >> NEITHER UNFAIR NOR POLITICAL. JACK SMITH HAS A REPUTATION AS AN OUTSTANDING PROSECUTOR IN THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK AND BROOKLYN AND AS THE HEAD OF THE PUBLIC INTEGRITY SECTION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. HE'S HANDLED BIG CASES WELL AND EFFICIENTLY. HE WILL DO THE SAME HERE. IT DOES NOT FORESHADOW AN OUTCOME. HIS JOB IS NOT TO INDICT PEOPLE. ALTHOUGH THAT MAY HAPPEN. HIS JOB IS TO FOLLOW THE FACTS AND THE LAW AND MAKE DETERMINATIONS ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT FOLKS SHOULD BE CHARGED. >> WE WILL TALK ABOUT THE DETERMINATIONS MANY MONTHS AHEAD.

CAN YOU HELP US AS A PROSECUTOR, WHAT DO YOU THINK IS INVOLVED IN A POTENTIAL CASE ABOUT TRYING TO OVERTURN OR INTERFERE IN ELECTION? HOW HIGH OF A BAR IS THERE FOR CHARGES? >> IF YOU TALK ABOUT THAT TYPE OF CASE, YOU HAVE TO PROVE INTENT. INTENT IS ALWAYS HARD TO PROVE. THE WAY YOU DO THAT IS BY TALKING WITH PEOPLEROUND MR. TRUMP, WHO SPOKE TO HIM, WHO KNOWS WHAT HE WANTED AND WHAT HE THOUGHT. WORKING YOUR WAY UP THROUGH MANY WITNESSES, ESSENTIALLY UP A LADDER HOW FAR UP YOU GET, WE DON'T KNOW YET. BUT PROVING INTENT IS ALWAYS A DIFFICULT TASK FOR FEDERAL PROSECUTORS. NOT IMPOSSIBLE, BUT DIFFICULT. >> A LOT OF HIS OWN WORDS COULD COME INTO PLAY. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL FELT THE SPECIAL COUNSEL WAS NEEDED IN EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES. YOU DISAGREE? >> I DO. THIS IS A CASE THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE SHOULD DO.

BUT I THINK MERRICK GARLAND IS A VERY PRINCIPLED, HONEST, HONORABLE MAN. THE FACT THEY DISAGREE WITH HIS DECISION DOES NOT CHANGE ANY OF THAT. HERE'S THE PROBLEM. AN INDEPENDENT COUNSEL, THEY HAD FULL AUTONOMY. A SPECIAL COUNSEL, BOB MULLER AND RUSSIAN INTERFERENCE IN 2016. HAD A LOT OF INDEPENDENTS, BUT NOT FULL AT ANNA B. WE TOGGLE BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN TOO MUCH INDEPENDENCE AND NOT QUITE ENOUGH. AT THE END OF THE DAY, MERRICK GARLAND STILL OWNS THIS DECISION. AT THE END OF THE DAY, HE MAKES THE FINAL DETERMINATION. I DON'T THINK HE'S PURCHASING THAT MUCH DISTANCE BETWEEN HIMSELF AND THE SPECIAL COUNSEL. >> ROLLING OFF THIS INVESTIGATIVE PART. >> HE IS. JACK SMITH WILL BE AN INDEPENDENT ACTOR UP UNTIL THE END WHEN DETERMINATIONS AND

DECISIONS HAVE TO BE MADE. THOSE DECISIONS WILL REST WITH MERRICK GARLAND. >> DOESN'T NEED TO HAPPEN BEFE THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION? WE HAVE SEEN A JUSTICE DEPARTMENT SENSITIVE TO THAT. >> THE WAY TO THINK ABOUT IT, THE SOONER THE BETTER. A SPECIAL COUNSEL CAN OUTLIVE AND ADMINISTRATION. JOHN DURHAM WAS APPOINTED SPECIAL COUNSEL BY BILL BARR. STILL WORKING UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF MERRICK GARLAND. >> AT THIS POINT, IT IS CLEAR A FORMER PRESIDENT CAN BE CHARGED FOR A CRIME? >> ABSOLUTELY, IF THEY CAN PROVE IT AND THE FACTS SUPPORT IT. >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR HELP. >> IN THE OTHER NEWS, THE U.S. AND OTHER NATIONS OFFERED AN 11TH HOUR PROPOSAL TO RESCUE U.N. CLIMATE TALKS FROM FAILURE. THE FOCUS WAS ON COMPENSATING NATIONS ALREADY BEING DAMAGED BY

WEATHER DISASTERS. GEOFF BENNETT REPORTS. >> WITH CLIMATE TALKS NEARING THE END, THE DIVISIONS ONLY SEEM TO BE WIDENING TODAY AS WORLD LEADERS PUSH PAST THEIR INITIAL DEADLINE FOR REACHING A DEAL. >> WE NEED TO SHIFT GEARS AGAIN. TIME IS NOT ON OUR SIDE. >> SEVERAL CLIMATE ISSUES ARE BEING ADDRESSED. QUESTIONS SURROUNDING THE CREATION OF POTENTIAL LOSS AND DAMAGE PAYMENTS REMAIN A STICKING POINT. THE BASIC IDEA, WEALTHIER NATIONS THAT HAVE LONG POLLUTED THE MOST SHOULD GIVE MONEY TO POOR AND DEVELOPING NATIONS AFFECTED BY CLIMATE CHANGE. GERMANY'S FOREIGN MINISTER ACKNOWLEDGED THE IMPACTS WEALTHY NATIONS CAN CREATE FOR VULNERABLE COUNTRIES. >> SPENDING MONEY IS NOT AN END IN ITSELF, IT IS ENSURING CLIMATE JUSTICE. WE CURRENTLY SEE THOSE WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED LEAST SUFFER THE MOST FROM THE CURRENT CLIMATE DAMAGE. >> THE TALKSERE SET TO WRAP BUT HAVE BEEN PUSHED INTO THE WEEKEND AS RESOLUTIONS REMAIN UP

IN THE AIR. A DRAFT DECISION FROM THE EGYPTIAN PRESIDENCY WAS RELEASED OUTLINING A POTENTIAL PLAN. SOME WERE IMMEDIATELY CRITICAL, SAYING IT WAS VAGUE AND LEFT OUT IMPORTANT PRIORITIES. AMONG THE KEY QUESTIONS, WHETHER A NEW FUND FOR VULNERABLE NATIONS WOULD BE TIED TO EXPLICIT COMMITMENTS TO PHASE OUT FOSSIL FUELS. THE EUROPEAN UNION SURPRISED MANY WITH THE PROPOSAL, BUT IT DID NOT APPEAR IN THE DRAFTS BEING DEBATED. THE SUMMIT BROUGHT TOGETHER SOME OF THE YOUNGEST CLIMATE ACTIVISTS TO FIGHT FOR THEIR NATION. ONG THEM, THE 10-YEAR-OLD FROM GHANA. >> HAVE A HEART IT IS AN EMERGENCY. IF ALL OF YOU WERE TO BE YOUNG PEOPLE LIKE ME, WOULDN'T YOU HAVE ALREADY AGREED TO DO WHAT IS NEEDED TO SAVE OUR PLANET? >> HER SPEECH DREW A STANDING OVATION, A GLIMMER OF HOPE FOR LEADERS TRYING TO FIND UNITY IN THE COMING DAYS. FURTHER PBS NEWSHOUR, GEOFF BENNETT.

>> NORTH KOREA SHOOK UP A SUMMIT OF PACIFIC NATIONS BY FIRING ANOTHER LONG-RANGE MISSILE. IT LANDED NEAR JAPANESE WATERS BUT HAD A RANGE THAT COULD REACH THE ENTIRE U.S. MAINLAND. SOUTH KOREAN AND U.S. FIGHTER JETS LAUNCHED SIMULATED AERIAL STRIKES THAT COULD TARGET MISSILE LAUNCHERS IN THE NORTH. NORTH KOREA'S ACTIONS WERE CONDEMNED AT THE ASIA-PACIFIC SUMMIT IN BANGKOK KNOWN AS AIPAC. VICE PRESIDENT KAMALA HARRIS HELD AN EMERGENCY GATHERING OF SOUTH KOREA, JAPAN, AND OTHERS. THE WAR IN UKRAINE ALSO DREW THE ATTENTION OF THE SUMMIT. EMMANUEL MACRON URGED LEADERS TO CONDEMN RUSSIA'S INVASION. >> THIS WAR IS ALSO YOUR PROBLEM, BECAUSE IT WILL CREATE A LOT OF DESTABILIZATION. HELP US TO CONVEY THE SAME MESSAGE TO RUSSIA, STOP THE WAR, RESPECT INTERNATIONAL WATER, COME BACK TO THE TABLE. >> RUSSIA IS A MEMBER OF AIPAC. PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN IS NOT

ATTENDING THE SUMMIT. IN UKRAINE, WAVES OF RUSSIAN STRIKES HAVE DISABLED NEARLY HALF OF THE ENERGY SYSTEM. THE WINTER BOMBING CAMPAIGN HAS PLUNGED MILLIONS INTO DARKNESS FOR HOURS ON END. OFFICIALS WARNED FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE ADDING TO THE PRESSURE OF DISRUPTED ENERGY NETWORKS. A POWERFUL SNOWSTORM PALYZED PARTS OF WESTERN AND NORTHERN NEW YORK STATE WITH AT LEAST THREE FEET OF LAKE EFFECT SNOW. THE HEAVIEST SNOWFALL IN AND AROUND BUFFALO. MOSTLY NEAR THE EASTERN END OF LAKE ERIE. IT IS GOING TO GET WORSE AS THE WEEKEND PROGRESSES. >> WE SEE HOW HARD AND FAST IT IS FALLING IN SOUTH BUFFALO, MAKING DRIVING CONDITIONS EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS. PEOPLE TRYING TO DRIVE GETTING STUCK. ONCE THE STORM SHIFTS AND MOVES TO OTHER AREAS OF THE CITY, WE WILL POTENTIALLY SEE THE SAME THING IN OTHER PARTS OF THE CITY OF BUFFALO. >> THE SNOW HAS CLOSE SCHOOLS AND STOP TRAINS.

ELIZABETH HOLMES WAS SENTENCED TODAY TO 130 FIVE MONTHS IN FEDERAL PRISON, MORE THAN 11 YEARS. THE PENALTY WAS IMPOSED AT A HEARING IN SAN JOSE. SHE HAD BEEN CONVICTED OF INVESTOR FRAUD AND CONSPIRACY FOR DUPING INVESTORS ABOUT BOGUS BLOOD TESTING TECHNOLOGY. THE COMPANY COLLAPSED IN 2018. THERE WAS WORD CECILIA ROUSE IS STEPPING DOWN AS CHAIR OF THE WHITE HOUSE COUNSEL OF ECONOMIC ADVISORS. SHE WILL LEAD THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION, SPRING AND RETURN TEACHING AT PRINCETON. SHE IS THE FIRST BLACK WOMAN TO CHAIR THE COUNCIL. HUNDREDS MORE EMPLOYEES REPORTEDLY LEAVING TWITTER. THE ASSOCIATED PRESS SAYS IT IS BASED ON POSTINGS ON AN INTERNAL COMPANY MESSAGING BOARD. THE NEW EXODUS FOLLOWS AN ULTIMATUM BY THE NEW OWNER, ELON MUSK, TO WORK LONGER FOR HER RESIGNED WITH SEVERANCE PAY. ON WALL STREET, THE DOW JONES

INDUSTRIAL GAINED 199 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 33,745. THE NASDAQ ROSE ONE POINT. S&P 500 ADDED 18. PARENTS WITH CRIMINAL HISTORIES STRUGGLE TO REGAIN CUSTODY OF THEIR CHILDREN AFTER LEAVING PRISON. MIGRANT WORKERS RECOUNT THEIR ABUSE WHILE BUILDING STADIUMS FOR THE UPCOMING MEN'S WORLD CUP. JONATHAN CAPEHART AND GARY AT -- GARY ABERNETHY WEIGH IN ON THE POLITICAL HEADLINES, AND MUCH MORE. >> THIS IS THE PBS NEWSHOUR, FROM WETA STUDIOS IN WASHINGTON AND FROM THE WALTER CRONKITE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM AT OUR OWN STATE -- ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY. >> THE STATE DEPARTMENT ISSUED AN OPINION ASSAYING SAUDI ARABIA'S CROWN PRINCE AND PRIME MINISTER HAS IMMUNITY FROM U.S. COURTS. THE CROWN PRINCE HAS BEEN SUED

IN THE U.S. BY THE FIANCEE OF JOURNALIST JAMAAL KHASHOGGI. HE WAS MURDERED IN SOUTHEAST STUMBO CONSULATE IN 2018, AND U.S. INTELLIGENCE BELIEVES THE PRIME MINISTER ORDERED THE KILLING. THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION HAS BEEN PUSHING SAUDI ARABIA TO INCREASE OIL PRODUCTION AMID HIGH GAS PRICES. SHOULD THE U.S. HAVE BEEN TOUGHER WITH SAUDI ARABIA? FOR THAT, WE GET TO VIEWS. JOHN BELANGER WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT DURING THE GEORGE W. BUSH ADMINISTRATION, AND WHEREVER HE STANTON, FORMER STATE DEPARTMENT LAWYER AND FOUNDER AND PRESIDENT OF GENOCIDE WATCH, WHO SEEKS TO STOP GENOCIDE AND ITS PERPETRATORS. THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THIS CALL BY THE U.S.? WAS IT THE RIGHT DECISION? >> I THINK THE STATE DEPARTMENT GOT THIS WRONG. THE FACT IS THE LAW HERE IS THE FOREIGN SOVEREIGN IMMUNITIES ACT OF THE U.S.

IN THE OPINION THEY GAVE, THEY ONLY CITED CUSTOMER INTERNATIONAL LAW. THE FOREIGN SOVEREIGN IMMUNITIES ACT HAS A NUMBER OF EXCEPTIONS PASSED BY CONGRESS AND SIGNED INTO LAW. THE 2008 DEFENSE ACT WAS ACCOMPANIED WITH AN EXCEPTION TO ALLOW PEOPLE TO SUE CERTAIN GOVERNMENTS THAT WERE DECLARED TO BE TERRORIST STATES. IN 2016, THERE WAS ANOTHER ACT PASSED, THE JUSTICE FOR VICTIMS OF TERRORIST ACT THAT TAKES AWAY THE NEED FOR THE STATE DEPARTMENT TO DESIGNATE THE COUNTRY AS A TERRORIST COUNTRY. IT MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO ACTUALLY SUE ANYBODY INVOLVED IN MURDER, TORTURE, HIJACKING, AND STAGETAKING. >> YOU THINK IT SHOULD HAVE BEEN UNDER THAT EXCEPTION? >> IT IS VERY CLEAR MBS WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MURDER AND FOR THE TORTURE OF JAMAAL KHASHOGGI. >> LET ME BRING IN JOHN.

PRESIDENT BIDEN HAS SAID, MBS DID ORDER THE OPERATION. WHY ISSUE IMMUNITY IN A MURDER CASE? >> FOR THE REASONS YOU MENTIONED, IT IS A VERY UNCOMFORTABLE, IF NOT, UNPALATABLE DECISION FOR THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION TO HAVE TO MAKE GIVEN THE AWFUL CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE KILLING OF JAMAAL KHASHOGGI. THE ADMINISTRATION WAS SIMPLY COMPLYING WITH OBLIGATIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW. INTERNATIONAL LAW RECOGNIZES HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT LIKE PRIME MINISTER BIN SALMAN ENJOY IMMUNITY FROM CIVIL SUITS, OR FROM CRIMINAL PROSECUTIONS IN THE COURTS OF OTHER COUNTRIES. UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW, HE HAD IMMUNITY. FOR THAT REASON, EVERY ADMINISTRATION HAS ASSERTED IMMUNITY ON BEHALF OF ANY FOREIGN HEAD OF STATE WHO WAS SUED IN THE UNITED STATES. OFTEN FOR REALLY HORRIFIC

ACTIONS. WHEN I WAS LEGAL ADVISOR, I HAD TO SIGN AN IMMUNITY DETERMINATION FOR POPE BENEDICT WHO WAS SUED IN EFFECT TO THE CLERGY SCANDAL. IT IS NOT A FAVOR TO SAUDI ARABIA, IT IS COMPELLED BY INTERNATIONAL LAW. >> DECADES OF PRECEDENT. >> THE REASON THAT DOESN'T HOLD, MBS IS NOT THE HEAD OF STATE IN SAUDI ARABIA. >> HE IS PRIME MINISTER. >> THEY JUST MADE HIM PRIME MINISTER. HE MIGHT BE ABLE TO ARGUE THIS POINT. THE FACT IN THE SAUDI ARABIA IS THE KING. THE ONLY ONE WHO WOULD HAVE THIS RIGHT UNDER THE INTERNATIONAL LAW WOULD BE THE KING. >> WHAT WOULD BE THE U.S. OPTIONS? >> WHAT I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO SEE IS HE COULD BE SUED. THAT IS SPECIFICALLY ALLOWED UNDER THE FOREIGN SOVEREIGN IMMUNITIES ACT AND ITS EXCEPTIONS.

HE IS NOT BEING TRIED CRIMINALLY. THIS IS A LAWSUIT TO GET COMPENSATION FOR THE MURDER OF A MAN, A VERY GREAT MAN, IN FACT. FOR ME, IT IS NOT A CASE WHERE IT WAS GOVERNED BY INTERNATIONAL LAW AT ALL. IT WAS GOVERNED BY THE FOREIGN SOVEREIGN IMMUNITIES ACT. >> WHAT ABOUT CONCERNS FOR POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS? WE KNOW THE TENSIONS, THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION ASKING FOR INCREASED OIL PRODUCTI. >> THE CONSIDERATIONS WOULD HAVE GONE THE OTHER WAY. BIDEN ADMINISTRATION WAS PROBABLY SO ANGRY WITH SAUDI ARABIA, AND REALLY UPSET ABOUT THIS PARTICULAR KILLING THAT THE POLICY VIEW WOULD HAVE BEEN NOT TO FIND IMMUNITY. INTERNATIONAL LAW PROVIDES THAT A HEAD OF GOVERNMENT LIKE THIS, AS WELL AS HEAD OF STATE, AND PRIME MINISTER'S ENJOY IMMUNITY. WITH RESPECT TO WHAT MR. STANTON SAID, THE FOREIGN SOVEREIGN DOES IMMUNITY ACT DOESN'T APPLY. THE SUPREME COURT HELD A FEW

YEARS AGO THE IMMUNITY OF HEADS OF STATE OR GOVERNMENT IS GOVERNED BY INTERNATIONAL LAW. THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION, PERHAPS LOOKING BACK AT WHAT HAPPENED DURING THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION, SAID WE WANT TO COMPLY WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW, DO WITH THE U.S. REGULARLY DOES, EVEN THOUGH IT IS UNPALATABLE. >> COULD THE U.S. HAVE NOT DONE ANYTHING? >> EXACTLY. THERE IS NO REQUIREMENT THAT THE STATE DEPARTMENT HAD TO GIVE AN OPINION TO THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT. >> THAT WOULD MEAN HE COULD BE SUED? >> HE COULD BE. IT IS UP TO THE JUDGE. THIS IS A JUDICIAL DECISION, DID NOT HAVE TO BE OPINION FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT. I THINK THE STATE DEPARTMENT GOT THIS WRONG. THERE IS A CASE IN 2010 IN WHICH JUSTIN STEVENS HELD I THE COURT DECIDED UNANIMOUSLY THAT FOREIGN OFFICIALS DO NOT QUALIFY FOR

SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY. THAT IS WHY I THINK IT IS A MISAPPLICATION. >> AT THE END OF THE DAY, WHAT DOES IT MEAN IF HE'S SHIELDED FROM ANY KIND OF SUIT, WHAT ABOUT ANY ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE MURDER OF JAMAAL KHASHOGGI? >> THIS IS THE CCERN, WHEN SOMEONE CAN'T BE SUED, THE PERSON HAS IMPUNITY. IT DOES NOT MEAN THAT AT ALL. THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION WENT TO GREAT PAINS TO STATE IN THEIR LEGAL BRIEF THAT WE CONDEMN THE KILLING, IT WAS WRONG, IT WAS HEINOUS, BUT SIMPLY OBSERVING INTERNATIONAL LAW HERE, MOHAMMAD BIN SALMAN HAD HIM UNITY. -- HAD IMMUNITY. THERE WERE WAYS TO HOLD HIM ACCOUNTABLE. IF THE U.S. WILL COMPLY WITH THE LONG-STANDING OBLIGATIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ACT THE WAY WE ALWAYS HAVE, TO RECOGNIZE

THE IMMUNITY OF FOREIGN HEADS OF STATE AS WE TALK ABOUT OTHER STATES TO TREAT OUR OTHER STATES IN THEIR COURTS. >> IT IS ANOTHER LAYER ON A COMPLICATED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE U.S. AND SAUDI ARABIA. THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH. THE MEN'S WORLD CUP BEGINS IN QATAR THIS SUNDAY. CONTROVERSIES FROM HUMAN RIGHTS CONCERNS TO PRESS RESTRICTIONS HAVE SHADOWED THE EVENT. TO HOST THE CUP, THE TINY GULF NATION WENT ON A STADIUM BUDING SPREE BRINGING THOUSANDS UPON THOUSANDS OF MIGRANT LABORERS. THERE HAVE BEEN NUMEROUS STORIES ABOUT THE LARGELY SOUTH ASIAN WORKFORCE BEING MISTREATED. MORE THAN THREE DOZEN HAVE DIED ON THE JOB. WE PARTNERED WITH FAT RAT FILMS TO HEAR FROM SOME OF THE WORKERS ABOUT THEIR EXPERIENCE WITH

RAMPANT ABUSE, LOW PAY, AND SQUALID LIVING CONDITIONS. >> AS THE WORLD CUP KICKS OFF, MANY ARE NOW THOUSANDS OF MILES AWAY. BACK IN THEIR HOME COUNTRIES WITHOUT THE MONEY THEY SAY THEY ARE OWED. YOUNG MEN, FARM WORKERS NEPAL, WHO WENT TO QATAR TO BUILD STADIUMS AND HOPE OF BUILDING BETTER LIVES FOR THEMSELVES. >> WE CAN EARN MONEY HERE, SO WE HAVE TO GO ABROAD. >> I COULD EARN ALMOST DOUBLE OF WHAT I EARN HERE. THAT IS WHY I WENT. >> THE PROMISE OF GOOD WAGES, A FEW YEARS OF HARD WORK TO SUPPORT FAMILY AND START A NEST BIG IS SUPPORTIVE. BUT TO SECURE THE JOB, THEY MUST FIRST PAY AGENTS A HEFTY RECRUITMENT FEE, ILLEGAL UNDER QATAR LAW, BUT UNDER PRACTICE. A FEE THEY CAN ONLY AFFORD BY TAKING OUT MASSIVE LOANS. >> THIS IS NORMAL.

EVERYONE PAYS. PEOPLE SAY FREE VISA, FREE TICKET. IN REALITY, THIS DOES NOT HAPPEN. ALMOST ALL PEOPLE PAY A RECRUITMENT FEE. >> THEY BORROWED 200,000 DOLLARS, MORE THAN A YEAR SALARY IN NEPAL. >> WE WERE TOLD OUR EXPENSES WOULD BE REIMBURSED AS SOON AS WE ARRIVED. THEY TOLD US NOT TO WORRY. THIS WASLL A LIE. >> THE WINNER IS QATAR. >> SINCE QATAR WON THE BID TO HOST THE WORLD CUP, THERE HAVE BEEN NUMEROUS REPORTS OF WORKER EXPLOITATION, SUBSTANDARD LIVING CONDITIONS, AND WORKER DEATHS. THE SMALL GULF STATE RELIES ON IMMIGRANT LABOR FOR ITS WORKFORCE. IN 2017, IT PLEDGED WORKING CONDITIONS. A COMMITMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL LABOR

ORGANIZATION. THE ADOPTION OF MINIMUM WAGE, AND LABOR PRACTICES WERE PART OF THE HEAD OF FIFA. >> THE PROGRESS IN TERMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS IS GROUNDBREAKING. >> NOW AN EXPLOSIVE REPORT FROM A HUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATION ALLEGING THE CHANGES WERE ONLY SURFACE DEEP. THE CEO EXPLAINS IN REALITY, IMMIGRANT WORKERS WERE STILL BEING SUBJECT TO SYSTEMIC ABUSE BY THE COMPANIES AND OFFICIALS IN QATAR. >> WE INTERVIEWED NEARLY 1000 WORKERS. THERE IS A VERY CLEAR PICTURE. WORKERS WHO HAVE BUILT THE STADIUMS HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED TO FORCED LABOR PRACTICES. SOME OF THE BIGGEST COMPANIES IN THOSE PROJECTS ACTIVELY HID THOSE WORKERS FROM THE MONITORING PROCESS. >> IT IS CLEAR IT IS A TOURNAMENT BUILD.

A SPOKESMAN CALLED THE REPORT A COMPLETELY UNBALANCED PICTURE OF THE SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS VERSUS THE INEVITABLE CHALLENGES THAT REMAIN. BUT SERVED AT DINNERTIME DID NOT FEEL LIKE PROGRESS. >> SOMETIMES THE COMPANY GAVE US ROTTEN FOOD. THE FISH WOULD SMELL DISGUSTING. USED TO GIVE US DIARRHEA. >> EVEN SOMETHING AS BASIC AS GETTING ADEQUATE WATER IN THE DESERT HT WAS A CHALLENGE. >> IT GOT UP TO 125 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT. WE DID NOT GET THE WATER WE NEED. THE WATER WE GOT WAS ALMOST 90% ICE. WE ASKED WHY THEY DID THAT AND TOLD THEM IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO DRINK WATER LIKE THAT. THEY FROZE IT BECAUSE IF THEY PROVIDE A NORMAL WATER, THE WORKERS WOULD DRINK MORE. >> THE ONLY TIME THERE WAS ADEQUATE WATER WAS WHEN AN INSPECTION WAS DUE. >> THE COMPANY WAS ONLY NERVOUS WHEN FIFA CAME TO INSPECT. >> AS PART OF THE 2017 REFORMS,

REGULAR SPOT CHECKS WERE PERFORMED TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH HIGH STANDARDS OF WORKER WELFARE. THE IDEA TO CREATE A SPACE WHERE WORKERS COULD TALK DIRECTLY TO THEM, BUT THE COMPANY MADE SURE THEY NEVER GOT THE CHANCE. >> THEY WOULD RING THE FIRE ALARM ON PURPOSE. WHEN THE WORKERS GATHERED AT THE ASSEMBLY POINT, THEY WOULD TURN OFF THE ALARM, MAKE EVERYONE GET ON BUSES, AND DRIVE US AWAY FROM THE STADIUM. THE COMPANY WOULD SAY WE HAD ALL GONE FOR LUNCH. >> THE SYSTEMS CREATED IN 2017 TO HOLD THE COMPANIES TO ACCOUNT ON TREATMENT WERE BEING PERSONAL -- PURPOSEFULLY EVADED. EVEN TWO MONTHS AGO, THE HEAD OF THE SUPREME COMMITTEE OVERSEEING THE GAMES HAILED THE PROTECTIONS IN PLACE AT AN ANNUAL GLOBAL AFFAIRS FORUM. >> WE LAUNCHED WORKER WELFARE FORUMS WITHIN THE SUPREME COMMITTEE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES INVOLVED. THESE WERE SET UP TO ENSURE THAT WORKERS HAD A SAFE ENVIRONMENT

TO RAISE CONCERNS AND GRIEVANCES WITHOUT FEAR OF REPRISAL. >> THEY SAY THEIR CONCERNS WERE IGNORED, AND THEY KNEW THAT COMPLAINING MEANT THEY COULD LOSE THEIR JOBS. >> ONE DAY, MANY OF US WENTO MAKE A COMPLAINT, WE GOT LOUD. THEY CALLED ALLF US TO THE CAMP AND SAID IF WE DID THIS AGAIN, THEY WOULD SEND US BACK HOME. >> IF THE FOREMAN COMPLAINED ABOUT THE WORKERS, THEY COULD GET FIRED. IF WORKERS REACTED ABOUT ANYTHING, THEY WERE CHANGED. BECAUSE OF THIS, WORKERS DID NOT PROTEST AT ALL. >> THEY USED TO PUNISH US FOR COMPLAINING. THEY USED TO MAKE US SIGN THE WARNING LETTER. WE WERE IN A SITUATION WHERE WE HAD TO TOLERATE THINGS AS THEY WERE. >> QUITTING WAS NOT AN OPTION. THEY WERE TRAPPED IN THEIR SITUATION BY A 36% INTEREST ON

THE RECRUITMENT FEE LOAN AND UNPAID WAGES. >> I DESPERATELY WANTED TO GO HOME IN THOSE MOMENTS. THEN I WOULD REMEMBER MY FAMILIES SITUATION. APART FROM THE LOAN I TOOK TO PAY THE RECRUITMENT FEE, MY FAMILY HAD OTHER DEBTS. WE WERE AROUND $5,300 IN DEBT. I COULD NOT EVEN THINK OF COMING BACK TO NEPAL. >> EVENTUALLY, THEY DID GO BACK. THEY HAD TO. HE HAD HIS WK PERMIT TAKEN AWAY WHEN HE TRIED SWITCHING JOBS. HE SAYS UNDER FALSE COVID RELATED PRETENSES HE WAS DEPORTED. NEITHER WERE PAID WHAT THEY OWED. $4000 FOR HIM, $1700 FOR HIM. >> I HAD EXPECTED TO EARN $9,000 IN TSE THREE YEARS, BUT I EARN ONE THIRD OF IT. >> NOT ONLY ME, THERE ARE THOUSANDS OF WORKERS LIKE ME WHO ARE NOT GETTING WHAT THEY ARE

OWED. THERE ARE MANY OF US. >> THEY ARE NOT ALONE. THOUSANDS OF OTHER WORKERS LIKE THEM ARE EACH OWED THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, IN TOTAL TO ABOUT HALF $1 BILLION OF MOY. THOSE LIVES COULD BE TRANSFORMED IF THEY COMPENSATED THOSE WORKERS WHO MADE THE TOURNAMENT POSSIBLE. >> THE TEAMS TAKING PART IN THE WORLD CUP WILL SHARE AN ESTIMATED $440 MILLION BETWEEN THEM. THEY ARE CALLING FOR THEM TO SET ASIDETO THE REIMBURSE THE MIGRAS WHO MADE IT ALL POSSIBLE. THE STAGES ARE SET FOR ONE OF THE WORLD'S BIGGEST TOURNAMENTS TO KICK OFF. THE HOPE IS THOSE WHO HELP TO BUILD THEM WILL NOT BE LEFT BEHIND. IN OUR ONGOING SERIES SEARCHING FOR JUSTICE, WE HAVE DOCUMENTED THE CHALLENGES MANY FACE

INCARCERATION, LIKE GETTING ID, AND HOUSING, AND A JOB. MANY FORMERLY INCARCERATED PEOPLE ALSO LOSE RIGHTS AS PARENTS. SOME ARGUE THAT SITUATION WAS MADE WORSE BY A SAFE FAMILIES AT SIGNED INTO LAW 25 YEARS AGO TOMORROW. GEOFF BENNETT IS BACK WITH THIS REPORT. >> A FULL-TIME STUDENT, HE RISES EARLY EACH MORNING TO COOK BREAKFAST FOR HIS FATHER IN THEIR SAN BERNARDINO APARTMENT CHECKING TO SEE HOW HE'S FEELING AFTER DIALYSIS. >> HOW MUCH DID THEY TAKE OUT LAST TIME? >> TWO DAYS A WEEK, HE DRIVES 20 MINUTES TO RIVERSIDE TO CONNECT WITH FORMERLY INCARCERATED PEOPLE LEAVING THE PAROLE OFFICE. >> YOU SAID YOU ARE EMPLOYED? >> PEOPLE ARE STILL TRYING TO SURVIVE. PROVIDE FOR THEIR FAMILIES AND BETTER THEIR LIVES. >> YOU HAVE TO LOOK FOR A PLACE TO MOVE INTO. >> HE WORKS AT A RIVERSIDE NONPROFIT THAT HELPS PEOPLE

NAVIGATE HOUSING, EMPLOYMENT, AND GETTING THEIR RECORDS EXPUNGED. BUT HE HIMSELF SPENT SIX YEARS INCARCERATED AS A JUVENILE FOR ATTEMPTED MURDER AND NEARLY 10 IN STATE PRISON FOR KIDNAPPING, THERE IS A HOLE IN THE CENTER OF HIS BUSY LIFE. HIS DAUGHTER WHO WAS REMOVED FROM HIS CARE. >> SHE SHOULD BE HERE. I WAS NOT GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY. IT WAS PRETTY MUCH BASED OFF OF YOU HAVE FELONIES. EVEN IF THEY HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH CARING FOR A CHILD. WE DON'T THINK YOU DESERVE TO RAISE YOUR CHILD. >> ZOE WAS BORN IN 2016 WHEN FIDEL WAS 39 YEARS OLD. HE HAD BEEN OUT OF PRISON FOR SIX YEARS AND OFF OF PAROLE FOR FOUR YEARS, AND MANAGED TO FIND STEADY WORK, HOUSING, AND A CAR. DURING CHILDBIRTH, HER MOTHER TESTED POSITIVE FOR OPIOIDS AND PREVIOUSLY LOST PARENTAL RIGHTS TO HER OTHER CHILDREN. THOSE FACTS TRIGGERED THE

INVOLVEMENT OF STATE CHILD WELFARE AGENTS WHO LOOK TO FIDEL'S CRIMINAL RECORD. BECAUSE OF FEDERAL AND STATE LAWS, DECIDED HE WAS NOT FIT TO BE ZOE'S FATHER. HIS RIGHTS WERE TERMINATED, AND IN 2019, ZOE WAS ADOPTED. >> I DID NOT UNDERSTAND BECAUSE OF MY HISTORY OF VIOLENCE AS A YOUTH AND BECAUSE OF MY DAUGHTER'S MOM HAVING OTHER CHILDREN IN THE SYSTEM, THAT WAS AN AUTOMATIC WAY TO PUT MY DAUGHTER ON FAST TRACK ADOPTION. >> IN A NEARBY ANAHEIM, MOST MORNINGS, STEPHANIE GETS HER 13-YEAR-OLD DAUGHTER READY FOR SCHOOL BEFORE COMMUTING TO LOS ANGELES FOR HER JOB AT A NEW WAY OF LIFE, ANOTHER REENTRY ORGANIZATION. SHE HAS A FULL-TIME JOB, HER OWN CAR, AND APARTMENT, AND IS WORKING TOWARDS HER BACHELORS AT CAL STATE FULLERTON. >> REBECCA HAS WAITED 20 YEARS. >> HER FAITH IS A BIG PART OF HER LIFE. SHE RECENTLY PUBLISHED A BOOK OF POETRY. A FEW YEARS AGO, JEFF WAS HOME

LIST AND BATTLING -- HOMELESS AND BATTLING METH ADDICTION. SHE GAVE BIRTH TO A DAUGHTER PLACED IN FOSTER CARE AFTER THE POSITIVE DRUG TEST. >> AFTER GIVING BIRTH AND HAVING HER TAKEN, IT COST ME TO FALL DEEPER INTO MY ADDICTION. FROM 2016 UNTIL 2018, I SPENT FOUR TIMES IN AND OUT OF JAIL. I WAS CONSTANTLY GETTING ARRESTED FOR MULTIPLE THINGS SUCH AS PETTY THEFT AND POSSESSION OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE. >> WHILE IN JAIL, A JUDGE TERMINATED HER PARENTAL RIGHTS AND HER INFANT DAUGHTER WAS ADOPTED WITHOUT HER KNOWLEDGE. >> NOT EVEN KNOWING WHAT SHE LOOKS LIKE IS THE HARDEST PART. I FEEL I COULD BE WALKING AND MY DAUGHTER COULD WALK PAST ME AND I WOULD NOT KNOW IT IS HER. >> 25 YEARS AGO, PRESIDENT INTON SIGNED INTO LAW THE ADOPTION AND SAFE FAMILIES ACT WITH OVERWHELMING BIPARTISAN

SUPPORT. A RESPONSE TO TOO MANY CHILDREN LANGUISHING FOR TOO LONG IN FOSTER CARE. >> IT WILL HELP US SPEED CHDREN OUT OF FOSTER CARE BY SETTING MEANINGFUL TIME LIMITS FOR CHILD WELFARE DECISIONS. >> USING FEDERAL FUNDS THAT LINE SENT A VICE STATE WELFARE AGENCIES TO MOVE CHILDREN INTO ADOPTION MORE QUICKLY, INCLUDING A PROVISION THAT SAID IF A CHILD SPENDS 15 OF THE PREVIOUS 22 MONTHS IN FOSTER CARE, AGENTS MUST MOVTO TERMINATE PARENTAL RIGHTS WITH SOME EXCEPTIONS. FOR YOUNG CHILDREN, THE TIMELINE COULD MOVE FASTER. THE LAW DID WHAT IT WAS DESIGNED TO DO, PROMPTING STATE AGENCIES TO SPEED UP THEIR TIMELINES. 25 YEARS LATER, MANYRGUE IT INCENTIVIZED THE BREAKING UP OF BLACK, BROWN, AND POOR FAMILIES IN NEED OF HELP. >> BILL CLINTON DID NOT WANT TO APPEAR SOFT ON CRIME. THIS IS A HORRIFIC COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCE OF INCARCERATION. >> SHE'S THE FOUNDER OF STARTI OVER INC. THEY RECENTLY WELCOMED FAMILIES

TO THEIR PARKING LOT IN RIVERSIDE FOR A HALLOWEEN TRUNK OR TREAT. SHE'S A LAWYER. STRUGGLED WITH ADDICTION AND INCARCERATION FOR MANY YEARS, AS WELL AS WITH CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES, WHICH SHE REFERS TO AS THE FAMILY REGULATION SYSTEM. >> I WAS IN FOSTER CARE FOR YEARS. MY MOTHER WAS INCARCERATED. MY OLDES SON, THREE OF MY CHILDREN WERE ADOPTED WHEN I WAS GOING IN AND OUT OF JAIL. THEN I HAD TO FIGHT TO GET MY GRANDCHILDREN OUT OF THE FOSTER CARE SYSTEM BECAUSE OF A CRIMINAL CONVICTION. >> WHEN STATE CHILD HEALTH CARE AGENTS REMOVE A CHILD, THEY MAKE A PLAN FOR REUNIFICATION, REQUIRING THINGS LIKE PARENTING CLASSES, DRUG TEST, STABLE HOUSING, AND EMPLOYMENT. BUT THEY PUSH TOO QUICKLY TO TERMINATE PARENTS RIGHTS AND DISPROPORTIONATELY HURTS THE POOR AND PEOPLE COMING IN AND OUT OF CARS TO RATION.

>> -- INCARCERATION. >> MOST OF US RECOGNIZE THE JUSTICE SYSTEM HAS RACIAL BIAS INHERENT IN IT. TO LOOK AT CRIMINAL CONVICTIONS AS A BAR OR A BARRIER TO FAMILY PRESERVATION, YOU WILL SEE HOW WE ARE MAKING THE ISSUE WORSE. >> SHE ARGUES RATHER THAN PUSHING TO TERMINATE RIGHTS, CHILD WERE FOR AGENCIES SHOULD OFFER MORE HELP TO STRUGGLING PARENTS TO KEEP FAMILIES TOGETHER. >> IT IS NOT ABOUT FAMILY PRESERVATION, BUT IT COULD BE. IT COULD TRIGGER INCOME ASSISTANCE, HOUSING ASSISTANCE, SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER TREATMENT, MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES. THE THINGS THAT MATTER AND ALLOW A CHILD TO REMAIN WITH PARENTS. >> OUTGOING CALIFORNIA CONGRESSWOMAN KAREN BASS INTRODUCED LEGISLATION TO REFOR IT, BUT THE BILL DID NOT EVEN GET A HEARING IN COMMITTEE. IN LIEU OF FEDERAL REFORM, ORGANIZATIONS LIKE STARTING OVER

INC. AND A NEW WAY OF LIFE ARE PUSHING FOR CHANGES AT THE STATE LEVEL. >> I'M GLAD IT BROUGHT US MORE TIME. >> WHILE ALSO EDUCATING PARENTS TO GIVE THEM THE BEST CHANCE OF RETAINING THEIR RIGHTS. >> THE PRONGS WERE THE CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES. >> ON THE DAY WE VISITED, BOBBY BUDS MET WITH A MOTHER OF FOUR FIGHTING FOR CUSTODY OF HER YOUNGEST AFTER GETTING OUT OF JAIL AND FINDING SOBRIETY. >> I'M HERE BECAUSE I NEED HELP. THEY GIVE ME ANSWERS TO GO TO COURT WITH. WHEN I'M CRYING OR FEEL DEFEATED, I CAN PICK MYSELF UP AND NOT GIVE UP OR RESORT TO MY OLD LIFE. >> BUT MANAGED TO REUNITE WITH HER CHILDREN AFTER THEY WERE PLACED IN FOSTER CARE IN 2011 FOLLOWING HER ARREST. >> I SAID DON'T MISS A DRUG TEST, LET THEM KNOW IF THEY NEED MORE HELP. THEY ARE EXPECTING US NOT TO ASK THEM THE HELP WE REALLY NEED.

>> AS FOR FIDEL, HE DIDN'T GIVE UP ON BEING THE FATHER. HE SAYS HE'S KEPT IN TOUCH WITH ZOE'S ADOPTIVE FAMILY AND PROVIDED DIAPERS, CLOTHING, STROLLERS AND TOYS. HIS DAUGHTERS ADOPTIVE FAMILY ONLY SPEAKS SPANISH WELL FIDEL ONLY SPEAKS ENGLISH. HE HOPES IN TIME TO STRENGTHEN HIS BOND WITH ZOE, O KNOWS HIM AS TIO, OR UNCLE. >> A LOT OF PEOPLE GIVE UP, I REFUSE TO GIVE UP, BECAUSE I HAVE NO OPTIONS. I HAVE TO TRY AND DO WHATEVER I CAN AND HAVE WHATEVER RELATIONSHIP WITH MY CHILD. >> IT IS A BURDEN HE AND OTHER FORMERLY INCARCERATED PARENTS ARE HOPING TO EASE FOR FUTURE FAMILIES. FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, GEOFF BENNETT. >> DEMOCRATS HAVE HELD THE SENATE, BUT REPUBLICANS CLENCHED

THE HOUSE THIS WEEK, SETTING OFF A SEISMIC SHIFT WITHIN THAT LEADERSHIP. TO DISCUSS THAT AND MORE, WE TURN TO THE ANALYS OF ABERNETHY. WASHINGTON POST ASSOCIATE EDITOR AND HIS POST-COLLEAGUE GARY ABERNETHY. AVERY BROOKS IS AWAY. >> A BUSY WEEK. A BUSY FRIDAY. WE HAVE THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES APPOINTING A GENERAL COUNSEL TO INVESTIGATE A FORMER PRESIDENT. THE WAYHE DID IT, WHAT DOES IT SAY HOW THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEELS? >> THIS IS HUGE NEWS. HOW THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT IS VIEWING THIS. THEY VIEW IT AS A SIGNIFICANT CASE THAT NEEDS TO BE LOOKED INTO BY A SIGNIFICANT PERSON IN AMERICAN LIFE ANDMERICAN POLITICAL LIFE FOR A FORMER

PRESIDENT WHO JUST ANNOUNCED HE'S SEEKING THE REPUBLICAN NOMINATION FOR THE NEXT PRESIDENTIAL CYCLE THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SAID WAS THE THING THAT HAPPENED THAT NECESSITATED THE MOVE. IT SHOULD SAY TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE AND THE ATTORNEY GENERAL ANNOUNCED WE HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATING, BUT WE ARE TAKING IT SO SERIOUSLY WE ARE GIVING IT TO A SPECIAL COUNSEL WHO IS OUT OF THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AND OVER AT THE HAGUE. THIS PERSON WILL BE IN CHARGE OF RUNNING THE REST OF THE INVESTIGATION. IT IS AN ATTEMPT BY THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT, BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL TO GIVE THE AMERICAN PEOPLE CONFIDENCE THAT THE INVESTIGATIONS ARE BEING DONE FAIRLY AND BEING DONE IMPARTIALLY AND NO FAVOR IS BEING GIVEN OR TAKEN AWAY FROM DONALD TRUMP. >> AS PART OF THIS WORK, THEY

WILL DETERMINE IF THERE IS SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO BRING CRIMINAL CHARGES. IF THERE ARE CRIMINAL CHARGES, DO YOU THINK PRESIDENT TRUMP SHOULD RUN FOR OFFICE? >> MERRICK GARLAND HAS BEEN UNDER TREMENDOUS PRESSURE TO DO MORE TO TAKE A MORE AGGRESSIVE STAN IN THE INVESTIGATIONS. A LOT OF FOLKS, THIS IS AN EXCELLENT -- ESCALATION OF THAT. I FEEL BAD FOR THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. WE ARE IN NOW FOR DAY AFTER DAY HEADLINES. AND BREAKING NEWS AND LEAKS ABOUT WHAT THE SPECIAL COUNSEL IS INVESTIGATING, OR WHICH DIRECTION IT IS GOING AND WHAT IT MEANS FOR US ALL. NOT TO SAY THIS WASN'T A PROPER STEP. BUT IT WOULD BE NICE IF THE PROSECUTOR CAN DO HIS WORK AND

ANNOUNCE WHAT HE'S FOUND WITHOUT THE SPECULATION OF HEADLINES IN BETWEEN. BUT WE KNOW HOW THIS IS GOING TO PLAY OUT. WE KNOW THAT THE POST REPORTED A COUPLE OF DAYS AGO JUSTICE DOESN'T THINK TRUMP HAD THESE UNCLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS OR THESE CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS BECAUSE OF ANY INTEREST IN TRYING TO PROFIT FROM IT OR ANY NEFARIOUS REASON OTHER THAN HE THINKS THEY ARE HIS. HE IS WRONG. THAT IS NOT A STRONG LEGAL CASE TO MAKE AGAINST HIM. SAME WITH THE JANUARY 6 INVESTIGATION. THINGS CAME OUT OF THE COMMITTEE. NOTHING THAT REALLY SEEMS TO RISE TO THE LEVEL OF CRIMINALITY. PEOPLE WILL DISAGREE ABOUT THAT. WE WILL SEE WHAT COMES OUT WITH IT. IF THERE IS A WAY TO TAKE TRUMP SWAYS BACK TO HIM AT A MOMENT WHEN IT SEEMS LIKE THEY HAVE

REASON TO SEPARATE, THIS IS THE TYPE OF THING THAT DOES JUST THAT. >> PEOPLE DISAGREE, I'M GOING TO DISAGREE. PRESIDENT TRUMP TOOK THE PAPERS, NOT FOR ANY MONETARY ADVANCEMENT, BUT HE JUST WANTED TO HAVE THEM. IT IS STILL ILLEGAL. THE PAPERS DID NOT BELONG TO HIM. THEY BELONG TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. THAT IS WHY THERE ARE LAWS AGAINST TAKING CLASSIFIED MATERIAL. TO THE POINT OF LEAKS HAPPENING, IT IS NOT BAD FOR THE AMERICAN PEOPLE BECAUSE A SPECIAL COUNSEL WAS APPOINTED, IT IS FANTASTIC BECAUSE IT TELLS THE AMERICAN PEOPLE THE GEARS OF JUSTICE ARE GRINDING ON DONALD TRUMP IN THE SENSE THAT HE'S NOT ABOVE THE LAW. HE IS BEING HELD ACCOUNTABLE

THROUGH THE SPECIAL COUNSEL PROCESS. IF THE SPECIAL COUNSEL SAYS WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH TO INDICT HIM, AT LEAST THE AMERICAN PEOPLE WILL KNOW AND EVIDENCE WILL BE LAID OUT THE REASONS WHY OR WHY NOT. THE ONE THING THAT IS DIFFERENT BETWEEN THIS SPECIAL COUNSEL AND WHAT HAPPENED WITH ROBERT MULLER IS WE HAVE AN ATTORNEY GENERAL WHO WHEN HE GETS THIS REPORT, HE'S NOT GOING TO HOLD OO IT, RECAST IT IN A WAY IT MISCHARACTERIZES WHAT THE REPORT SAYS, AND RELEASES IT LONG AFTER ERIC PEOPLE, SHOW THEN BAKED AMERICAN PEOPLE WHAT REALLY HAPPENED. >> YOU LOOK AT REPUBLICAN LEADERSHIP, AND YOU HAVE TALKED ABOUT MORE LEADERS WILLING TO BREAK WITH PRESIDENT TRUMP. COMING OFF OF THE MIDTERMS WERE REPUBLICANS RECAPTURED THE HOUSE, BUT UNDERPERFORMED. LARGELY BECAUSE OF TRUMP BACKED CANDIDATES. DO YOU THINK REPUBLICANS STAND

BY HIM AS THE PROBE MOVES FORWARD? >> I DON'T THINK REPUBLICAN LEADERS WILL COALESCE AROUND HIM. I HAVE BEEN WRONG ABOUT THAT BEFORE. WHAT I'M TALKING ABOUT ARE THE GRASSROOTS REPUBLICANS IN TRUMP WORLD ACROSS THE COUNTRY LOOKING AT RON DESANTIS, OTHER CANDIDATES WHO MIGHT BE GOOD ALTERNATIVES. ESPECIALLY BASED ON PERFORMANCE OF THE MIDTERMS AND O TRUMP BIZARRELY ATTACKING RON DESANTIS, CALLING HIM TO SAINT TIMOTHEUS BEFORE THE ELECTION, WHICH SEEMS STRANGE. IT SEEMS LIKE ANYTIME TRUMP COMES UNDER ATTACK, THE BASE WRAPS THEMSELVES AROUND HIM AGAIN LIKE A WALL OF PROTECTION. IT IS THE TYPE OF THING THAT CAN CAUSE THAT. WE WILL SEE WHAT DEGREE YOU MAY HAPPEN. >> I WANT TO GET TO CONGRESS. AND AS WE MOVE INTO THIS NEXT CONGRESS, A LOT OF ACTIVITY ON

THE DEMOCRATIC SIDE, SPEAKER PELOSI STEPPING DOWN. A HUGE GENERATIONAL SHIFT. HAKEEM JEFFRIES HOP -- OFFERING HIS BID FOR REELECTION. SHE SAID THE HOUR HAS COME FOR A NEW GENERATION TO LEAD THE DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS I SO DEEPLY RESPECT. I'M GRATEFUL SO MANY ARE READY AND WILLING TO SHOULDER THIS AWESOME RESPONSIBILITY. REPUBLICANS ARE NOW TAKING CONTROL, WE HAVE A DIVIDED CONGRESS. WHAT IS AHEAD, GDLOCK, POSSIBILITY FOR SHARED GOALS? >> THERE IS ALWAYS A POSSIBILITY FOR SHARED GOALS. WHETHER IT HAPPENS REMAINS TO BE SEEN. LET ME DEAL WITH SPEAKER PELOSI. I AGREE WITH PRESIDENT BIDEN WHEN HE SAID SHE WAS THE MOST CONSEQUENTIAL SPEAKER IN HISTORY. THERE IS NO DENYING THAT. YOU LOOK AT WHAT SHE HAS BEEN ABLE TO DO, MOST NOTABLY GETTING AFFORDABLE CARE ACT PASSED THROUGH THE HOUSE WITHOUT A

SINGLE REPUBLICAN VOTE EVERY TIME I HAVE INTERVIEWED SPEAKER PELOSI AND TALKED TO HER ABOUT THE MACHINATIONS OF THE HOUSE AND WHETHER SHE GETS SOMETHING OVER THE FINISH LINE, SHE WILL ALWAYS SAY I GOT THE ACA THROUGH WITHOUT A SINGLE REPUBLICAN VOTE. THAT IS A HUGE ACCOMPLISHMENT. MILLIONS OF AMERICANS ARE VERY HAPPY SHE WAS ABLE TO DO THAT. THE OTHER THING I WANT TO NOTE IS SPEAKER PELOSI, SHE SAYS THE HOUR HAS COME FOR THE NEXT GENERATION. SHE'S BEEN BRINGING THE NEXT GENERATION ALONG SINCE 2018 IN THE SENSE SHE PROMISED, DEMOCRATS RETOOK THE HSE, THAT SHE WAS STAY FOR A FINITE PERIOD OF TIME. BUT WHAT DID SHE DO? KATHERINE CLARK, HAKEEM JEFFRIES, PETE AVILA WAS DEPUTY WHIP TO WITH CLYBURN. THE OLD THREE AND THE NEW THREE HAVE BEEN WORKING TOGETHER FOR YEARS NOW. THE FACT EACH ONE OF THEM TODAY OR LATE YESTERDAY ANNOUNCED THEY

WERE RUNNING FOR LEADERSHIP POSITIONS, JEFFRIES FOR PELOSI, CLARK, STENY HOYER, AGUILAR FOR CLYBURN, IT SHOWS FREE DEMOCRATS IN DISARRAY, THIS IS PROBABLY GOING TO BE ONE OF THE SMOOTHEST TRANSITIONS OF POWER WITHIN THE DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS PERHAPS EVER. IILAVL WELE LET'S TALK ABOUT TE REPUBLICAN TRANSMISSION. SOME REPUBLICANS LIKE MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE SAYING OUR PRIORITY IS TO INVESTIGATE. WE WANT TO LOOK INTO HUNTER BIDEN, THE SEARCH AT MAR-A-LAGO. OTHER NEW MEMBERS COMING IN. I WAS ELECTED TO FIX INFLATION, GAS PRICES, SO ON. HOW DOES A LEADER, LIKELY KEVIN MCCARTHY, HOW DO YOU HURT EVERYONE THE SAME DIRECTION IN THE CAUCUS? >> IT IS NOT EASY. REPUBLICANS GOT ELECTED BECAUSE THEY CAMPAIGNED ON HOW BAD

INFLATION WAS, HOW HIGH GAS PRICES WERE, THAT WE NEED TO ADDRESS THE SOUTHERN BORDER. ONE OF THE FIRST THINGS I DO IS HOLD A PRESS CONFERENCE AND TALK ABOUT THE HUNTER BIDEN HEARING INVESTIGATION. THAT IS A LEGITIMATE INVESTIGATION IN MY OPINION. THERE ARE OTHER LEGITIMATE INVESTIGATIONS. THAT IS NOT -- NOT WHY YOU GOT RETURNED TO CONTROL OF THE HOUSE. SO THE FOCUS PUBLICLY ON THE THINGS YOU CAMPAIGNED ON THAT YOU TACKLE THOSE THINGS, YOU ARE NOT GOING TO BE THERE FOR VERY LONG. IT WILL BE A SHORT TIME BEFORE THEY GO BACK TO POWER. ONE ITEM OF AGREEMENT THEY CAN LOOK AT AND START WORKING ON TOGETHER WOULD BE THE IMMIGRATION PROBLEM. BOTH SIDES HAVE A STAKE IN FIXING THAT. WE HAVE A HUMANITARIAN REASON TO FIX IT FOR THE PEOPLE COMING ACROSS THE BORDER.

IF PEOPLE WITH GET SERIOUS AND SAY WE DO NEED TO TIGHTEN OUR SECURITY AT THE SOUTHERN BORDER, WE NEED TO DO SOMETHING, SOME KIND OF A PATH TO CITIZENSHIP FOR FOLKS WHO ARE ALREADY HERE. LET'S GET SERIOUS FOR THE FIST TIME IN 15 OR 20 YEARS AND SIT DOWN, IT WILL TAKE COPPER MINES ON BOTH SIDES. THAT IS AN AREA WORTH SAYING CAN WE BRING BOTH SIDES TOGETHER AND DO SOMETHING ABOUT THE IMMIGRATION ISSUE? >> THERE IS A LOT OF CONSENSUS. IMMIGRATION NEEDS TO BE FIXED. I WANT TO COME TO BOTH OF YOU BEFORE WE GO. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO SAY SOMETHING ABOUT A MAN WHO SAT AT THIS TABLE, THE LATE MICHAEL GERSON. YOU BOTH KNOW HIS WORK. I WOULD LIKE TO GIVE EACH OF YOU AN OPPORTUNITY TO SAY SOMETHING. >> I DIDN'T KNOW MICHAEL PERSONALLY. THE ONLY TIME WAS AT THIS DESK. I GOT TO KNOW HIM THROUGH HIS WRITING.

GOING BACK AND READING HIS WRITING, I CAME AWAY AND BELIEVED IT WAS A CALLING FOR HIM. AND HIS WRITING CALLED US TO HIGHER IDEALS. HE ALWAYS TALKED TO WHAT WE HAVE IN COMMON. EVEN ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE IDEOLOGICAL SPECTRUM. HE HAD CONVICTION, PASSION, COMPASSION, THAT IS WHAT I'M GOING TO MISS THE MOST, HIS VOICE. >> I WOULD AGREE WITH JONATHAN. MICHAEL WAS A GUY WHO WROTE WITH EMPATHY AND DEEP INTELLIGENCE. HE WAS AN EVEN SHALLOW CHRISTIAN, AND I CONSIDER MYSELF ONE TOO. WHEN THERE WERE DISK -- DISAGREEMENTS ABOUT HOW THEY DEALT WITH TRUMP AND SO ON, THIS IS A GUY WHO WROTE VERY PERSONALLY. HE WROTE WITH GREAT EMPATHY. WHEN YOU CAME AWAY READING HIM, WHETHER YOU AGREED WITH WHAT HE

WAS WRITING, YOU CAME AWAY THINKING THERE WAS SOMETHING THOUGHTFUL. IT IS A VOICE WE ARE GOING TO% MISS. >> I CAN'T THINK OF A BETTER NOTE WITH WHICH TO END THIS CONVERSATION. MY THANKS TO BOTH OF YOU. THAT IS THE NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT. FOR ALL OF US AT THE PBS NEWSHOUR, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. PLEASE STAY SAFE AND HAVE A GREAT WEEKEND. >> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY -- >> AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF TSE INDIVIDUALS AND

INSTITUTIONS. AND FRIENDS OF THE NEWSHR, INCLUDING KATHY AND PAUL ANDERSON, AND CAMILLA AND GEORGE SMITH. THE WALTON FAMILY FOUNDATION, WORKING FOR SOLUTIONS TO PROTECT WATER DURING CLIMATE CHANGE SO PEOPLE AND NATURE CAN THRIVE TOGETHER. THE WILLIAM AND FLORA HEWLETT FOUNDATION. FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS, ADVANCING IDEAS AND SUPPORTING INSTITUTIO TO PROMOTE A BETTER WORLD. >> AND FRIENDS OF THE NEWSHOUR. THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND CONTRIBUTIONS

TO YOUR PBS STATION FOR VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. >>> HELLO, EVERYONE, AND WELCOME TO "AMANPOUR & COMPANY."

HERE'S WHAT'S COMING UP. >> THE RUSSIAN SOCIETY HAVE THE OBLIGATION TO CREATE THE NEW LAWS FOR THE FUTURE RUSSIA. >> STANDING UP TO PUTIN'S REPRESSION MACHINE. RUSSIAN JOURNALIST AND AUTHOR MIKHAIL ZYGAR TELLS ME WHY MARRYING HIS PARTNER WAS A POLITICAL ACT AND HOW MOSCOW'S BATTLEFIELD LOSSES IN UKRAINE ARE PLAYING OUT AT HOME. THEN -- >> WE MUST SEE THE SO-CALLED DASH FOR GAS FOR WHAT IT REALLY IS. A DASH DOWN A BRIDGE TO NOWHERE. >> FORMER U.S. VICE PRESIDENT AL GORE CONTINUES TO SOUND THE ALARM ON THE CLIMATE CRISIS. HE TELLS WALTER ISAACSON IF THE COP27 SUMMIT CAN ACTUALLY PUT THE BRAKES ON OUR FOSSIL FUE