PBS NewsHour; Monday, November 21, 2022, 3:00pm-4:00pm PST

♪ ♪ JUDY: GOOD EVENING. I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. GUN VIOLENCE IN AMERICA. PROSECUTORS PURSUE HATE CRIME CHARGES IN THE SHOOTING THAT LEFT FIVE DEAD AND DOZENS WOUNDED ADDED LGBTQ NIGHTCLUB IN COLORADO. SMILE YET IN CRISIS. MILLIONS LACK ADEQUATE FOOD AS OF FAMINE PROPELLED BY CONFLICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE LOOMS OVER EAST AFRICA. >> SOME PEOPLE KNOW THE MEANING OF FAMINE OR THIRST. FOR ME, I KNOW THE REAL MEANING OF THE WORD. JUDY: AND HEALTH RISKS. A LEGAL BATTLE ENSUES AFTER A RECENT STUDY SAID JUST THE LINK BETWEEN CHEMICAL HAIR STRAIGHTENERS AND HEIGHTENED CHANCES OF UTERINE CANCER.

ALL OF THAT AND MORE ON TONIGHT'S PBS "NEWSHOUR." ♪ ♪ ANNOCER: MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR BEEN PROVIDED BY -- ♪ AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS. AND FRIENDS OF THE NEWSHOUR INCLUDING LEONARD AND NORMA AND PATRICIA. >> THE WILLIAM AND FLORA HEWLETT FOUNDATION. FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS ADVANCING IDEAS AND SUPPORTING INSTITUTIONS TO SUPPORT A BETTER WORLD AT HEWLETT.ORG. ♪ ♪ ♪ ANNOUNCER: THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE

POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. JUDY: THE SUSPECT IN THE SHOOTING AT AN LGBTQ NIGHTCLUB IN COLORADO SPRINGS IS BEING HELD BY BULLIES ON PRELIMINARY MURDER AND HATE CRIMES CHARGES. ANDERSON ALDRICH IS ACCUSED OF KILLING FIVE PEOPLE AND WOUNDING NEARLY 20 OTHERS SATURDAY NIGHT. STEPHANIE SY BEGINS OUR COVERAGE. REPORTER: POLICE HAVE SO FAR RELEASED FEW DETAILS ABOUT SHOOTING. THE SUSPECTED GUNMAN IS A 22-YEAR-OLD WHO IS SAID TO HAVE PREVIOUSLY THREATENED HIS MOTHER AND NEIGHBORHOOD WITH A BOMB IN 2021. THERE IS NO RECORD OF COLORADO'

RED FLAG LAWS BEING TRIGGERED. AMONG THE VICTIMS, A 28-YEAR-OLD TRANSGENDER MAN WHO WORKED AS A BARTENDER. DEREK, A 38-YEAR-OLD BARTENDER AND CLUB Q CO-OWNER. KELLY LOVING, A 40-YEAR-OLD TRANSGENDER WOMAN VISITING FROM HER HOME IN DENVER. RAYMOND GREENE AND A 35-YEAR-OLD, ASHLEY. AT LEAST 18 OTHERS WERE INJURED AND SOME OF THEM REMAINED IN CRITICAL CONDITION. WITNESSES WERE CALLED HEARING GUNSHOTS THINKING AT FIRST THEY WERE PART OF THEUSIC BEFORE THE REALITY OF THE SITUATION HITCH. >> WE SAW BODIES. IT WAS HORRIBLE. P.M.RTER: POLICE STARTEDG 91 ARD THE GUNMAN ENTERED THE CLUB AND OPENED FIRE. HE HAD MULTIPLE FIREARMS.

AT LEAST ONE PATRON FOUGHT AND DISARMED SHOOTER SUBDUING HIM UNTIL OFFICERS ARRIVED MINUTES LATER. TODAY, THE MAYOR OF COLORADO SPRINGS PRAISES THAT BRAVERY. >> IT IS AN INCREDIBLE ACT OF HEROISM AND IN THAT TIMEFRAME THAT ACT PROBABLY SAVED A LOT OF LIVES. SATURDAYAS THE OF TRANSGENDER DAY OF REMEMBRANCE. A DAY MEANT TO MEMORIALIZE TRANSGENDER VICTIMS LOST TO HATE CRIMES. FOR COLORADO SPRINGS THE DAY NOW MARKS AN UNTHINKABLE TRAGEDY THAT HAPPENED IN A SPACE THAT WAS SUPPOSED TO BE SAFE. >> OUR COMMUNITY IS SHATTERED. THIS IS THE ONLY LGBTQ PLUS SPACE WE HAVE IN COLORADO. REPORTER: FOR RESIDENTS OF COLORADO SPRINGS MOURNING THOSE THEY LOST THE PAIN IS STILL FRESH AND REMAINS A GRIM REMINDER OF VIOLENCE AIMED AT LGBTQ AMERICANS. DURING A PRICE CONFERENCE CASH

DURING A PRESS CONFERENCE MOMENTS AGO THE PROSECUTOR SAY THAT THE PRELIMINARY CHARGES COULD CHANGE DURING THE COURSE OF THE INVESTIGATION BUT POLICE DID NOT RELEASE ANY MAJOR NEW DETAILS ABOUT THE CASE OR THE MODE OF. I WANT TO GET SOME REACTION TO THE SHOOTING AND THE FEAR AND ANGER THAT MANY ARE FEELING. NADINE BRIDGES IS THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF ONE COLORADO, A LEADING ADVOCACY GROUP IN THE STATE WORKING TO ADVANCE EQUALITY FOR LGBTQ INDIVIDUALS. THANK YOU FOR JOINING THE NEWSHOUR ON WHAT MUST BE A VERY DIFFICULT DAY FOR YOU AND YOUR COMMUNITY. WHEN YOU LEARNED ABOUT THE LOCATION OF THIS MASS SHOOTING, THE FACT IT WAS IN COLORADO SPRINGS, THAT THE CLUB WAS HOSTING A DAY OF REMEMBRANCE EVENT THE NEXT DAY, WHAT WAS YOUR REACTION? >> I WAS SHOCKED. I RECEIVED A MESSAGE FROM ONE OF OUR PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS IN OKLAHOMA AT 6:15 A.M. AND I WORK

VERY CLOSELY WITH SOME OF THE LGBTQ+ LEADERS IN COLORADO SPRINGS AND I WAS HEARTBROKEN. I AM DEVASTATED. WE ALL ARE. REPORTER: I KNOYOU WERE ACTUALLY AT THE VIGIL LAST NIGHT IN COLORADO SPRINGS. YOU HAVE BEEN TO OTHER VIGILS MEETING MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY. WHAT IS THE RESPONSE LOOKING LIKE FROM MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY? >> I WAS AT THE VIGIL YESTERDAY AFTERNOON AND I THINK AT THIS POINT IT HAS ONLY BEEN 36 HOURS AND OUR COMMUNITY IS JUST TRYING TO COME TOGETHER TO ENSURE THAT ALL OF OUR MEMBERS WHO HAVE BEEN HARMED AND ARE DEALING WITH GRIEF THAT THEY HAVE THE RESOURCES THEY NEED. WE WANT THEM TO KNOW THAT WE CARE FOR THEM AND LOVE THEM. FOR THOSE LOCAL LEADERS, LIKE THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF INSIDE OUT IN COLORADO SPRINGS WHICH IS

THE ONLY YOUTH CENTER IN THE AREA, WE HAVE PROVIDED THEM WITH THE RESOURCES AND SUPPORT THEY NEED TO GET THROUGH THESE NEXT WEEKS AND MONTHS. REPORTER: WE STILL DO NOT KNOW THE MOTIVATIONS OF THE SHOOTER, NADINE, BUT INVESTIGATORS ARE LOOKING AT IT THROUGH THE LENS OF IT POSSIBLY BEING A HATE. AS YOU LEARN THE SCANNED DETAILS THAT WE KNOW, IS THERE ANY OTHER WAY FOR YOU TO SEE THIS ATTACK? >> I DO NOT KNOW THE MOTIVES AND I DO NOT WANT TO MAKE ASSUMPTIONS BUT WHAT I DO KNOW IS THERE ARE A LOT OF ATTACKS ON OUR COMMUNITY. THERE HAS BEEN A LOT OF ANTI-LGBTQ RHETORIC FOR POLITICAL GAIN. WE KNOW THERE ARE LEADERS IN THE COMMUNITY WHO HAVE MADE IT A POINT TO HARM OUR TRANSGENDER, NON-BINARY YOUTH IN THE COMMUNITY.

YOU KNOW, WHEN YOU HAVE THIS TYPE OF RHETORIC AND YOU DO NOT PROVIDE SUPPORT TO COMMUNITIES WHO MAY FEEL LONELY, IT BREEDS HATE. THERE IS NO DOUBT IN MY MIND, WHETHER THIS IS DEEMED AS A HATE CRIME, I DON'T KNOW BUT I DO KNOW THAT WHEN YOU HAVE TO KILL FIVE PEOPLE AND HARM 20 OTHERS AND COULD HAVE KILLED MANY MORE, THAT IS MOTIVATED BY HATE. REPORTER: THE LAST MASS SHOOTING TARGETING A GAY NIGHTCLUB WAS IN FLORIDA SEVERAL YEARS AGO WHERE 49 PEOPLE WERE KILLED THAT I ALSO UNDERSTAND THAT GAY AND TRANS PEOPLE ARE KILLED EVERY YEAR. THERE WAS A REPORT PUT OUT JUST A FEW DAYS AGO THAT AT LEAST 32 TRANS PEOPLE HAVE BEEN VIOLENTLY KILLED ALREADY THIS YEAR. WITH WHAT HAPPENED -- WAS WHAT HAPPENED THIS WEEKEND A WAKE-UP CALL? >> I WISH I COULD SAY IT WAS A

WAKE-UP CALL. WE DO TRANSGENDER DAY OF REMEMBRANCE EVERY YEAR AND WE TALK ABOUT THE TRANSGENDER WOMEN OF COLOR ESPECIALLY MURDERED IN OUR COMMUNITIES AND YET WE STILL HAVE FOLKS THAT THINK IT IS OK TO SAY HARMFUL THINGS AND TO MAKE OUR COMMUNITY A BUTT OF THEIR JOKES. WE KNOW THEY ARE ATTACKING OUR DRAG QUEEN STORY TIMES SAYG NEGATIVE THINGS ABOUT YOUTH WHO ARE JUST TRYING TO BE THEMSELVES. I WISH I COULD SAY THIS WAS A WAKE UP CALL BUT I DON'T KNOW. WHAT I DO KNOW IS THAT OUR COMMUNITY IS BEAUTIFUL AND STRONG AND THEY WILL CONTINUE TO SUPPORT EACH OTHER. WE ARE NOT GOING TO HIDE FROM THIS. WE WILL CONTINUE TO PUSH UNTIL OUR COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND POLITICAL LEADERS DO WHAT THEY NEED TO DO TO PROTECT OUR COMMUNITIES. REPORTER: I SHOULD ADD THATOUR COMMUNITY MEMBERS SHOWED GREAT BRAVERY AND HEROISM AS WELL OVER

THE WEEKEND. NADINE, THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF ONE COLORADO, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING THE NEWSHOUR TONIGHT. >> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME. ♪ JUDY: IN THE DAYS OTHER NEWS, ROLLING BLACKOUTS SPREAD ACROSS UKRAINE WITH HALF OF THE COUNTRY'S POWER SYSTEMS KNOCKED OUT BY RUSSIAN AIRSTRIKES. GAVIN SET UP HUNDREDS OF COMMUNAL HEATING AREAS AND IN THE SOUTH THE NEWLY LIBERATED REGIONS ORDERED EVACUATIONS. AUTHORITIES SAID WITH PEOPLE LINING UP FOR WATER SUPPLIES AND NO HEAT, LIVING CONDITIONS WILL BE CLOSE TO UNBEARABLE THIS WINTER. AND AN EARTHQUAKE SHOOK INDONESIA KILLING AT LEAST 162 PEOPLE AND INJURING HUNDREDS MORE. IT STRUCK THE DENSELY POPULATED

MAIN ISLAND OF JAVA. THE SHOCKWAVES TOPPLED BUILDINGS AND TRAPPED PEOPLE BENEATH THE RUBBLE. MANY OF THE DEAD WERE SCHOOLCHILDREN LEAVING PARENTS FRANTIC WITH FEAR. >> I HAVE SEVEN CHILDREN AND ONE OF THEM HAS NOT BEEN FOUND. EVERYTHING COLLAPSED BENEATH ME AND I WAS CRUSHED BENEATH THE CHILD. ONE KID IS STILL MISSING AND MY HOUSE IS FLATTENED. JUDY: THE EARTHQUAKE WAS ALSO FELT IN JAKARTA WHERE IT SWAYED HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS SENDING PEOPLE FLEEING INTO THE STREETS. SOME 3.7 MILLION PEOPLE WENT INTO LOCKDOWN IN CHINA FACING A NEW COVID-19 OUTBREAK AND A SOUTHERN CITY. RESTAURANTS, BUSINESSES AND SCHOOLS SHUT DOWN AS PEOPLE LINED UP FOR TESTS. THEY ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE A NEGATIVE TEST BEFORE BEING ALLOWED TO LEAVE THEIR HOMES. SOCCER'S WORLD CUP, THE U.S. MEN PLAYED TO A 1-1 TIED WITH WALES IN THEIR OPENING MATCH IN QATAR. MUCH OF THE FOCUS SO FAR HAS

BEEN OFF THE FIELD WITH PROTESTS AND OTHER ISSUES. JOHN YANG REPORTS. REPORTER: OUTSIDE THE STADIUM BEFORE TODAY'S IRAN AND ENGLAND GETTING, IRANIAN FANS HAD A MESSAGE ABOUT THE BRUTAL CRACKDOWN AT HOME. >> THERE IS A LOT OF MOTIVATION FOR THE REASON I AM HERE WITH ALL OF THE PROTESTS AND THE MOVEMENTS FOR FREEDOM IN IRAN. WE COME HERE AND STAND TOGETHER FOR OUR RIGHTS. REPORTER: INSIDE, IRANIAN PLAYERS REFUSED TO SING THEIR NATIONAL ANTHEM AND ENGLISH PLAYERS DEALT TO PROTEST RACISM AND INEQUALY. ALL SIGNS OF THE CONTROVERSY SURROUNDING THIS WORLD CUP. MANY OF THEM STEMMING FROM QATAR'S DISTURBING HUMAN RIGHTS RECORDS INCLUDING ITS TREATMENT OF MIGRANT WORKERS, WOMEN AND LGBTQ CITIZENS. A GROUP OF EUROPEAN CAPTAINS ABANDONED 1-0 ARMBANDS TO

SUPPORT LGBTQ RIGHTS TER FIFA SAID THAT WOULD SUBJECT THEM TO ON-FIELD DISCIPLINE. AHEAD OF GERMANY'S ORGANIZATION SLAMMED WORLD CUP OFFICIALS. >> THIS IS MORE THAN FRUSTRATING FROM OUR POINT OF VIEW AND AN UNPRECEDENTED EVENT. >> CRITICIZED ME. HERE I AM. REPORTER: THIS LAST WEEKEND, THE HEAD OF FIFA WAS ON DEFENSE WITH REMARKS THAT SOME FELT WERE CALLOUS. >> WHAT WE HAVE BEEN DOING AS EUROPEANS AROUND THE WORLD FOR THE LAST 3000 YEARS WE SHOULD BE APOLOGIZING FOR THE NEXT 3000 YEARS BEFORE STARTING TO GIVE MORAL LESSONS. REPORTER: THE KICKOFF FOR A HIGH DRAMA TOURNAMENT BUT PERHAPS NOT IN THE WAY THAT FIFA INTENDED. JUDY: ON WALL STREET STOCKS BEGAN THANKSGIVING WEEK ON THE DOWNSIDE.

THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE LOST 45 POINTS. THE NASDAQ FELL 121 POINTS. THE S&P 500 SLIPPED 15. NASA'S ON PILOT -- ON PILOTED CAP SO IT THE MOON. IT MARKED A MILESTONE IN THE NEW AMERICAN PROGRAM TO PUT ASTRONAUTS BACK ON THE MOON IN 2025. ORION HEADS INTO LUNAR ORBIT. STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR, WE ANALYZE THE LATEST POLITICAL HEADLINES. A MUSICIAN PUSHES THE BOUNDARIES OF THE INDY ROCK GENRE. PRESIDENT BIDEN UPHOLDS THE WHITE HOUSE TRADITION OF PARDONING TURKEYS BEFORE THANKSGIVING PLUS MUCH MORE. ANNOUNCER: THIS IS THE PBS NEWSHOUR FROM W EPA STUDIOS IN WASHINGTON AND IN THE WEST FROM THE WALTER CRONKITE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM AT THE ZONA STATE

UNIVERSITY. JUDY: SOMEHOW YEAH IS SUFFERING ONE OF THE MOST ACUTE HUMANITARIAN CRISES ON EARTH. A CRUSHING COMBINATION OF CONFLICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE HAS LEFT MILLIONS IN JEOPARDY OF STARVATION AS FAMINE AGAIN STOCKS THE LAND. OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT TONYA, PRODUCER LUKE AND VIDEOGRAPHER RECENTLY TRAVELED TO SOMALIA AND SENT US THIS REPORT. PARTS OF WHICH MAY DISTURB SOME VIEWERS. REPORTER: A HUMANITARIAN CRISIS IS RAPIDLY ESCALATING IN SOMALIA. THE COUNTRY IS FACING THE WORST DROUGHT IN HISTORY AFTER FIVE FAILED RAINY SEASONS IN OVER TWO YEARS. LIVESTOCK DYING EVERYWHERE. CROPS DRIVING UP ALONG WITH MANY WATER RESOURCES. OVER HALF OF SMALL EUROS 7 MILLION PEOPLE NOW FACE CHRONIC HUNGER AND CURRENT ESTIMATES FORECAST THIS CRISIS WILL BEAT THE 2011 FAMINE. NOW AGAIN FAMINE LOOMS OVER THIS

LAND. TENS OF THOUSANDS ARE DESPERATELY FLEEING THEIR VILLAGES IN SEARCH OF FOOD AND WATER. THE RAVAGES OF CLIMATE CHANGE HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO THE WORST DROUGHT TO HIT SOMALIA IN 40 YEARS. IT IS ALSO THE FOCUS OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE SUMMIT KNOWN AS COP 27 SUMMIT BUT ENDED LAST WEEK IN EGYPT. THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE. WE SPOKE TO HIM JUST BEFORE COP 27. >> SOMALIA EMITS 0.03 OF GREENHOUSE GAS AS OF 2021. AND YET, WE BELIEVE WE ARE SUFFERING 100%. REPORTER: OUR CREW FLEW TO THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE ETHIOPIA-SOMALIA BORDER TOWN TO SEE THE SITUATION ON THE GROUND AT ONE OF THE LARGEST CAMPS FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE. EVERY DAY THERE ARE 50-60

HOSPITALS COMING IN. IT TOOK HER 18 DAYS BY FOOT BY DONKEY CART TO MAKE IT HERE WITH HER FIVE MALNOURISHED CHILDREN. >> ON OUR WAY WE HAD ISSUES RELATED TO WATER AND FOOD. WE HAD VERY SCARCE SUPPLY. WE GOT VERY LITTLE MONEY, A FEW DOLLARS FROM MY HUSBAND'S FAMILY. WE HAVE SEEN DEAD HUMAN BODIES AND REMAINS OF LIVESTOCK THAT DIED BECAUSE OF THE DROUGHT. REPORTER: SOON AFTER, SHE HAD TO BURY HER BROTHER'S SON AND NEIGHBORS DAUGHTER WHO DIED FROM MALNUTRITION. AND AWAKE -- AND A WEEK LATER SHE BURIED HER YOUNGEST CHILD. SHE WAS JUST TWO YEARS OLD. >> NOW WHEN I SEE CHILDREN HER AGE OR HAVE THE SE NAME IT REMINDS ME OF HER.

I GET NOSTALGIC. REPORTER: THE UNPRECEDENTED DROUGHT HAS TAKEN ITS TOLL BUT SO HAS POLITICAL UNREST. THEY HAVE BEEN ACTIVE HERE FOR MORE THAN 15 YEARS. THE GOVERNMENT HAS DECLARED A STATE OF WAR FOLLOWING RELENTLESS ATTACKS ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND IT IS THE FOCUS OF THE U.S. COUNTERTERROR EFFORTS IN THE HORN OF AFRICA. THE MAJORITY OF AREAS ARE CONTROLLED BY THE TERRORIST GROUP. IF IT GENERATE -- A FIFTH GENERATION PASTOR TRACKED HERE. HE ALSO HAD TO RECKON WITH ALL SHABBAT TAKING OVER HIS VILLAGE. THEY SHOT UP HIS ARM, TAXED HIS CROPS WHILE ACTIVELY RECRUITING HIS CHILDREN FOR WAR. >> AL-SHABAAB DID NOT ALLOW ANYONE TO BRING US MEDICATIONS, FOOD AND THEY WERE AGAINST ALL AID FROM THE NGOS AND THE

GOVERNMENT. IT TOLD US THAT ALLAH IS ONE THAT PROVIDES FOR HIS PEOPLE. I BELIEVE EVEN IF THE ENTIRE WORLD COMES TO OUR RESCUE, I DO NOT THINK IT WILL EVER PEACEFULLY LEAVE SOMALIA. REPORTER: HE ENTERS -- HE AND COULD -- HE ANXIOUSLY WAITED FOR HIS WIFE AND SIX CHILDREN WHO WERE DUE TO ARRIVE THE NEXT DAY. THE SAFETY OF HIS FAMILY MEANS EVERYTHING TO HIM. AL-SHABAAB IS ALSO WAGING CAMPAIGNS THAT HAVE A DIRECT AFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT. AL-SHABAAB HAS ALSO -- NOW BANNED BY THE UNITED NATIONS. WHILE IT WAS A MAJOR SOURCE OF INCOME FOR THE GROUP, IT WAS ALSO A MAJOR CAUSE OF DEFORESTATION. FOR YEARS AL-SHABAAB HAS BEEN CUTTING TREES FOR CHARCOAL. AN INDUSTRY WORTH BILLIONS. THIS DEFORESTATION HAS LED TO THE WIDESPREAD FAILURE OF CROPS, LIVESTOCK AND FAMINE. THE U.S. ESTIMATES THAT

AL-SHABAAB WAS EARNING TENS OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS FROM THE CHARCOAL TRADES. DESPITE THE BAND THE TRADE CONTINUES. WE SPOKE WITH AN ILLICIT CHARCOAL TRADER WHO CFIRMED THE TRADE HAS CONTINUED DESPITE THE BAND AND AS A SOURCE OF FUNDING FOR TERRORISM. >> I KNOTHAT SITUATION. THE DEFORESTATION. BUT THERE ARE OTHER PEOPLE THAT WILL NOT STO CUTTING TRE FOR CHARCOAL SO WHY SHOULD I DO IT MYSELF. IT WILL NOT HAVE AN EFFECT ON DEFORESTATION. REPORTER: IS IT STILL HAPPENING TODAY? >> YES, AL-SHABAAB IS DIRECTLY INVESTED IN THE CHARCOAL TRAIT AND THEY ARE ALSO TAXING IT. THEY BENEFIT FROM THE CHARCOAL AND THE EMIRATES ARE THE END-USERS USERS OF THE CHARCOAL. THIS IS THE WAY THEY BUY AMMUNITION. REPORTER: THE FORMER DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF SOMALIAN NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY AGENCY SAYS THE CHARCOAL TRADE HAS

CONTRIBUTED TO THE CLIMATE DISASTER. >> IF YOU WERE TO FLY OVER SOMALIA, YOU DO NOT SEE ANY TREES ANYWHERE. AND I THINK CHARCOAL HAS PLAYED A HUGE PART OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE AND DEFORESTATION AND DROUGHT IN SOMALIA. REPORTER: WE DEPARTED ON A U.N. HUMANITARIAN FLIGHT. CLOSE TO A MILLION PEOPLE HAVE BEEN DISPLACED ACROSS THE REGION. THE SITUATION IN MOGADISHU HAS BEEN DETERIORATING. SINCE WE HAVE BEEN HERE THERE HAVE BEEN MULTIPLE CAR BOMBS GOING OFF ON A DAILY BASIS WHICH COINCIDES WITH THE GOVERNMENT'S DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST AL-SHABAAB. AS AMALIA YOUR GOVERNMENT HAS A SMALL WINDOW TO DEFEAT AL-SHABAAB WITH RRENT UPRISINGS TAKING PLACE AGAINST THEM ACROSS RURAL AREAS. >> AL-SHABAAB IS NOT JUST REBELS. THEY HAVE BEEN THERE FOR MANY YEARS. THEY ARE ONE OF THE LARGEST ORGANIZATIONS IN THE WORLD. I DO SEE LAST HOPE IN SOME ALL

YOU TO BE HONEST WITH YOU. WITH AL-SHABAAB WE SEE THAT NO ONE CAN BEAT THEM. THE COMMUNITY WILL NOT RISE AGAIN BECAUSE THEY WILL BE PUNISHED BY AL-SHABAAB. THERE IS A FINANCIAL FATIGUE IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. REPORTER: WHAT IS WORRISOME IS THERE ARE SUICIDE BOMBINGS HAPPENING QUITE FREQUENTLY. DO YOU FORESEE THIS CONTINUING? >> I DO SEE THIS HAPPENING, NOT FOR BID. I DO BELIEVE AL-SHABAAB STILL HAS THE MEANS AND METHODS. REPORTER: THE CAMP ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF MOGADISHU HAS ALSO HAD A RECENT INFLUX OF PEOPLE. A COMMUNITY LEADER CALLED THE 2011 FAMINE WHERE SHE NEARLY STARVED TO DEATH. >> THE 2011 FAMINE DID NOT KILL ME BUT I ALMOST DIED. SOME PEOPLE KNOW THE MEANING OF FAMINE OR HUNGER OR THEIRS BUT FOR SOME PEOPLE IT IS JUST SOMETHING THEY CAN IMAGINE.

FOR ME, I KNOW THE REAL MEANING OF THE WORD FIRSTHAND. WHEN I HEAR THE PEOPLE IN THIS REGION ARE DYING FOR THAT, IT IS A THORN TO MY FLH. A RE LESSON AT SIGN KNOW AND EXPERIENCE TOO. AND THE PEOPLE SITTING HERE EXPERIENCED IT. REPORTER: WITH A LITTLE SHE HAD SHE IS FOCUSED ON HELPING NEW ARRIVALS AND MAKING SURE THE YOUTH DO NOT GET RECRUITED BY AL-SHABAAB. >> THERE ARE FAMILIES ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE CITY BECAUSE YOU CANNOT KEEP THE YOUTH OUTSIDE OF THE GHETTO. AL-SHABAAB IS RECRUITING THEM. REPORTER: A FEW BLOCKS AWAY DOCTORS ARE DEALING WITH THE MOST VULNERABLE VICTIMS. DUE TO THE CRISIS, 1.5 MILLION CHILDREN ARE NOW MALNOURISHED ACROSS THE REGION. THIS DOCTOR IS ONE OF THE LEADING DOCTORS IN MOGADISHU. HE HAS BEEN SEEING A RISE IN LATE STAGE CASES OF MALNOURISHED CHILDREN. THIS BABY CAME IN A COUPLE WEEKS AGO. HIS MOTHER BROUGHT HIM FROM A

CAMP IN THE OUTSKIRTS OF MOGADISHU. SHE THOUGHT HE WAS GOING TO DIE. HE RUNS A TEST TO SEE HAS CONDITION. >> WE CHECKED THE UPPER ARMS. WITH A TAPE. HE IS IN THE RED ZONE. HE IS SEVERELY MALNOURISHED. REPORTER: DESPITE HIS CONDITION THE DR. IS PEFUL FOR HIS RECOVERY BUT HE WORRIES ABOUT THE FUTURE. >> THESE BABIES WILL GET SICKER AND SICKER. THE TRAGEDY WILL BECOME MORE. IT IS REALLY OVERWHELMING. REPORTER: AND AS HUMANITARIAN GROUPS SOUND THE ALARM OF FAMINE ON THE DOORSTEP, AND OFFICIAL DECLARATION HAS NOT YET BEEN MADE BUT IT IS ALREADY OVERWHELMING AND THE DEVASTATION WILL KILL THE MOST VULNERABLE FIRST, THE CHILDREN. FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, I AM TONYA RICHEY IN MOGADISHU. ♪ JUDY: SERAL WOMEN DIAGNOSED WITH UTERINE CANCER ARE NOW

SUING L'OREAL AND OTHER COSMETIC COMPANIES AFTER A RECENT STUDY TIED THE ILLNESS TO CHEMICAL HAIR STRAIGHTENING PRODUCTS. WE HAVE MORE ON THE STUDY AND THE CONCERNS IT HAS RAISED. REPORTER: THE STUDY CONDUCTED BY E NATIONAL INSTITUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SAFETY FOUND THAT WOMEN THAT REPORTED FREQUENT USE OF HAIR STRAIGHTENING PRODUCTS WERE MORE THAN TWICE AS LIKELY TO DEVELOP UTERINE CANCER THAN THOSE WHO DID NOT. WE SPOKE WITH SEVERAL WOMEN WHO HAVE BEEN CHEMICALLY STRAIGHTENING THEIR HAIR SINCE CHILDHOOD AND WHO ARE NOW CONCERNED FOR THEIR HEALTH. >> FOR AS LONG AS I CAN REMEMBER I HAVE HAD MY HAIR IN SOME SORT OF PERM OR RELAXER. I BELIEVE I GOT MY FIRST PERM SUPER EARLY, LIKE SIX OR SEVEN YEARS OLD. >> I WAS PROBABLY 10 OR 11 YEARS OLD. THAT WAS A PARENTAL DECISION. MY MOTHER HAD A CHEMICAL OR LAX OR PUT IN MY HAIR. SHE WAS A SINGLE MOTHER, A

WORKING PARENT AND I'M SURE HER THOUGHT PROCESS WAS A CHEMICAL RELAXER WOULD MAKE IT EASIER FOR HER TO CARE FOR MY HAIR. >> I THINK FOR A BLACK WOMEN ESPECIALLY TO ASSIMILATE INTO CORPORATE AMERICA OR WHITE AMERICA AS A WHOLE WE WERE TOLD WE HAD TO STRAIGHTEN OUR HAIR. IT IS A TOUGH DECISION BUT WE THINK ABOUT EVERYTHING. WE ARE CONSIDERING ALL OF THE FACTORS. IT IS NOT AN EASY DECISION. AND IT HAS SO MANY LAYERS. I HAVE HEARD THE RISK GROWING UP. IT IS SCARY. HEARING ABOUT CANCER RISKS, I THINK I'VE HEARD BREAST CANCER RISK OVER THE LAST FEW YEARS. JUST HAVING THOSE CHEMICALS IN OUR BODIES FOR DECADES. >> IT IS SAD TO KNOW IT IS A RISK THAT MYSELF, MY MOTHER AND OTHER BLACK WOMEN COULD HAVE. IT ON THE OTHERS EVERYTHING WE DO IN LIFE SEEMINGLY CAN CAUSE CANCER. IT IS ANOTHER THING ADDED TO THE LIST. >> I DO THINK IT IS REALLY IMPORTANT FOR THESE COMPANIES AND ALSO ANY FEDERAL AGENCIES

LIKE THE FDA THAT MIGHT HAVE OVERSIGHT OVER THE PRODUCTION OF THESE TYPES OF CHEMICALS TO PUT REALLY CLEAR WARNING LABELS ON ALL SUCH TYPE PRODUCTS. >> IF YOU HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO STOP IT AND PREVENT IT. YOU SHOULD. I DO APPRECIATE THE RESEARCH ON THE TESTS COMING OUT TO BRING MORE AWARENESS. >> I HOPE IT GETSETTER AND I DO THINK IT IS GETTING BETTER BUT WE HAVE TO GO THROUGH A LOT TO GET TO WHERE WE ARE NOW. AND IT IS, TO BE FRANK, IT IS NOT FAIR AT ALL. REPORTER: WE TAKE A CLOSER LOOK. THE DOCTOR IS AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICOW. INEAN E D SH DOLS E, THAJONKIN YOU FOG US. YOU HEARD THOSE WOMEN AND WHAT THEY HAD TO SAY AND WE SHOULD POINT OUT THIS IS JUST ONE STUDY THAT LOOKS AT THE CONNECTION. WHAT ARE THE LIMITS OF A STUDY LIKE THIS AND WHAT DOES IT TELL

US FOR SURE? >> THERE ARE A FEW THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT IT BEING A SURVEY STUDY. WE HAD WOMEN REPORTING WHAT THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO. WE DO NOT HAVE INFORMATION ON WHAT KIND OF STRAIGHTENERS ARE USED AND HOW LONG THEY WERE ON THE SCALP. WE DO NOT REALLY HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRENGTH OR THE CHEMICAL MAKEUP OF THE STRAIGHTENERS THAT WOMEN REPORTED USING. THE OTHER THING THAT IS IMPORTANT ABOUT THE STUDY IS THAT IT WAS ORIGINALLY CREATED TO STUDY BREAST CANCER SO EVERY WOMAN HAD TO HAVE A SISTER WHO HAD BREAST CANCER. THAT IS NOT NECESSARILY AS SIMILAR TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC. IT RAISES SOME QUESTIONS AS TO HOW GENERALIZABLE IT IS. THERE ARE LIMITATIONS. ON THE OTHER HAND, THIS IS AN IMPORTANT STUDY AND IT ASKS AN IMPORTANT QUESTION. IT STARTS TO HAVE US HAVE MORE FOCUS AROUND THE IDEA OF UNDERSTANDING WHAT IS DRIVING OR

CAUSING UTERINE CANCER IN THIS COUNTRY. REPORTER: I WANT TO POINT OUT THAT WE USED THE WORD FREQUENT IN THE FREQUENT USE OF STRENGTH -- STRAIGHTENERS. THAT IS DEFINED AS FOUR TIMES IN A YEAR. HOW WORRIED SHOULD ANY WOMAN BE WHO IS WATCHING THIS REPORT? >> I WANT WOMEN TO KNOW THAT THIS STUDY IS THE BEGINNING OF THE QUESTION. THERE ARE MANY MORE QUESTIONS TO ANSWER ABOUT THE LINK AND IF IT IS SOMETHING THAT IS A CAUSAL LINK OR IS IT AN ASSOCIATION. BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY WOMEN NEED TO KNOW THE RISKS OF UTERINE CANCER AND THE SIGNS OF UTERINE CANCER. REGARDLESS OF WHETHER YOU USE HAIR STRAIGHTENERS OR NOT, THE RISK OF UTERINE CANCER IN THIS COUNTRY IS ONE IN 32 WOMEN BY AGE 80. THE SYMPTOMS THA ALLOW US TO DIAGNOSE IT EARLY IS WHEN THERE IS POSTMENOPAUSAL BLEEDING OR REGINALD BLEEDING AFTER THE TIME OFENOPAUSE.

KNOWING THAT AND BEING AWARE OF UR SYMPTOMS IS WHAT IS GOING TO MAKE THE DIFFERENCE IN TERMS OF GETTING A UTERINE CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND YOUR OUTME. REPORTER: ARE THE RATES THE SAME FOR EVERYONE ACROSS ALL GROUPS OF WOMEN? WOULD YOU RECOMMEND THAT PEOPLE STOP USING THESE PRODUCTS IF THEY ARE CONCERNED? >> GREAT QUESTION. THE RATES BY RACE -- THE LIKELIHOOD OF GETTING UTERINE CANCER IS SIMILAR WHICH IS WHY THE STUDY IS INTERESTING BECAUSE BLACK WOMEN USE HAIR STRAIGENERS MUCH MORE COMMONLY. WE DON'T SEE BLACK WOMEN HAVING TWICE THE RATE OF UTERINE CANCER IN THIS COUNTRY. HOWEVER I WOULD SAY TO A WOMAN USING HAIR STRAIGHTENERS, IF YOU ARE ALREADY LOOKING FOR REASON TO STOP USING STRAIGHTENERS, I THINK THIS IS A GREAT REASON TO PAUSE AND SAY OF SOMETHING ELSE WORKS FOR ME, LET ME STOP USING HAIR STRAIGHTENERS. IF IT IS SOMETHING REALLY IMPORTANT TO YOU AND YOUR SENSE OF BEAUTY, I WOULD SAY YOU WANT TO BE REALLY AWARE OF WHAT KIND OF CHEMICALS ARE IN THE HER

STRAIGHTENERS USED ON YOUR HEAD. AND THEN YOU CAN USE -- DO SOME RESEARCH TO SEE IF THEY HAVE BEEN RELATED TO CANCER OR NOT. SOME HAVE AND SOME HAVE NOT. I THINK THAT IS RESPONSIBLY WHAT WE CAN SAY NOW. IT IS REASONABLE TO HAVE CONCERN. IF YOU CAN STOP AND -- AND DESIRE TO DO SO ANYWAY, IT IS OK TO GO NATURAL. REPORTER: YOU HEARD SOME OF THE WOMEN MENTIONED THE BEAUTY STANDARD PRESSURES AND THE PRESSURE TO CONFORM TO TRADITIONAL EUROPEAN BEAUTY STANDARDS. WE DO FIND A FIRM CONNECTION TO A STRUCTURAL RACISM IF YOU TALK ABOUT MATERNAL MORTALITY OR PAIN MANAGEMENT. DO YOU SEE THAT CONNECTION HERE? >> ABSOLUTELY. IS WHAT WE ARE SEEING HAIR STRAIGHTENERS USED IN THIS STUDY A PROXY OR A SIGN OF WOMEN WHO ARE MORE AT RISK TO BE PRESSURED IN THEIR ENVIRONMENTS TO CONFORM.

WOMEN THAT DID NOT HAVE A CHOICE AS TO WHETHER THEY HAVE NATURAL HAIR OR NOT WHO ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE IN THE SCENARIOS WHERE STRAIGHTENING THEIR HAIR DE A TANGIBLE ECONOMIC DIFFERENCE. THOSE WOMEN ARE PROBABLY MORE AT RISK OF THE PRESSURE OF STRUCTURAL RACISM. ARE THOSE PRESSURES CAUSING WEATHERING OR STRESS ON THE BODY OR IS IT THE HAIR STRAIGHTENER ITSELF? I THINK IT IS RELATED AND IT HA TO DO WITH WHY WE NEED MORE STUDIES THAT FOCUS ON WHAT IS GOING ON WITH BLACK WOMEN IN PARTICULAR. THE EXPERIENCES WE HAVE ARE DIFFERENT. WE KNOW WE HAVE THE DISEASES AND THE OUTCOMES CAN BE DIFFERENT. ASKING THESE QUESTIONS ARE SO CRITICAL. REPORTER: THAT IS DR. DOLE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON MEDICAL SCHOOL WINNING US TONIGHT. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. ♪ JUDY: REPUBLICAN PARTY LEADERS CONVERGE ON LAS VEGAS THIS WEEKEND DELIVERING SPEECHES TO

THE REPUBLIN JEWISH COALITION ON THE FUTURE OF THE PARTY. FOR MANY, INCLUDING FORMER PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP HUBER DISSIPATED VIRTUALLY, IT IS AN EARLY CHANCE TO TEST POSSIBLE 2024 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN MESSAGES. HERE IS A SAMPLING OF WHAT SOME OF THEM SAID. >> WE HAVE TO CHOOSE CANDIDATES THAT CAN WIN NOT JUST A PRIMARY BUT A GENERAL ELECTION. >> LET'S STOP SUPPORTING CRAZY AND UNELECTABLE CANDIDATES. >> PERSONALITY AND CELEBRITY WILL NOT GET IT DONE. >> THE REASON WE ARE LOSING IS BECAUSE DONALD TRUMP HAS PUT HIMSELF BEFORE EVERYBODY ELSE. JUDY: HERE TO DISCUSS THIS AND MORE IS AMY WALTER AND CAMERON KEITH OF NPR. HELLO TO BOTH OF YOU. POLITICS MONDAY. YOU HEAR WHAT THE CANDIDATES ARE SAYING ABOUT NOT SUPPORTING

CRAZY CANDIDATES. WHAT IS THE MESSAGE? >> IF WE KEEP NOMINATING DONALD TRUMP WE ARE GOING TO KEEP LOSING RACES THAT ARE WINNABLE. THAT IS A MESSAGE FOR SOME OF THE CANDIDATES BUT THE PERSON THAT GOT THE MOST ATTENTION AND WILL CONTINUE TO DO SO IS RON DESANTIS. HE WENT UP IN SAME -- HE WENT IN FRONT OF THE SAME VOTERS AND DID NOT MENTION DONALD TRUMP OR CANDIDATES THAT WERE UNSUCCESSFUL, HE TALKED ABOUT HOW HE WAS SUCCESSFUL AND IS DELIVERING FOR FLORIDA AND THAT WAS THE MESSAGE. LOOK, WE HAD A REALLY BAD OR DISAPPOINTING PERFORMANCE AND SOME OF THESE STATES IN 2022 AND WE DID NOT HAVE THAT HAPPEN IN FLORIDA. A NOT-SO-SUBTLE REMINDER TO THESE VOTERS THAT THEY DO HAVE OTHER CHOICES WHO HAVE A TRACK RECORD. AND HE SPENT THE REST OF THE SPEECH TALKING ABOUT THE WAYS IN WHICH HE LIKE DONALD TRUMP GOING AFTER WOKENESS.

GOING AFTER THOSE THAT WANT TO TAKE AWAY FREEDOMS. TOUCHING THE SAME CULTURAL SPOTS THAT DONALD TRUMP DOES VERY WELL WITH PRIMARY VOTERS. JUDY: USING SOME OF THE TRUMP MESSAGE TO TALK TO THESE REPUBLICAN MOVERS AND SHAKERS. HOW IS THE MESSAGE LANDING? >> I THINK WE ARE IN A PHASE RIGHT NOW WHERE THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO ARE TALKING ABOUT RUNNING BUT NOT YET RUNNING. AND YOU HAVE SOME OF THESE VERY SAME PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT DONALD TRUMP BEING UNELECTABLE. WE ARE TALKING ABOUT TRUMP BEING UNELECTABLE AND BAD FOR THE PARTY IN 2015 AND 2016. SOME OF THE PEOPLE THAT APPEARED THERE WERE RUNNING AGAINST HIM AND THEN ULTIMATELY ENDORSED HIM. I THINK WHAT WE DON'T KNOW RIGHT NOW IS IS THIS GOING TO BE ANOTHER REALLY CROWDED FIELD

LIKE 2015 AND 2016 WHERE DONALD TRUMP HAS A TITANIUM PIECE OF THE PIE AND NO ONE CAN BREAK INTO THAT TITANIUM PIECE OF THE PIE? OR IS THIS GOING TO BE A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT HERE? I THINK ALL OF US IN POLITICS HAVE A TENDENCY TO FIGHT THE LAST BATTLE OR WAR AND SEE THE LAST CYCLE OR THE NEXT CYCLE AS BEING LIKE THE LAST CYCLE. WE DON'T KNOW IF WE ARE RELIVING 2015 OR IF THIS WILL BE A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT YEAR AND DONALD TRUMP WILL NOT BE THE SAME FACTOR HE WAS OR MAYBE RON DESANTIS OR WHO KNOWS, A BROADCAST OF PROMISING YOUNG REPUBLICANS OF THE NEXT GENERATION. JUDY: I'M GOING TO REMEMBER TITANIUM PIECE OF THE PIE. BUT SPEAKING OF THIS CYCLE AND REMNANTS OF THE CYCLE AND THE RUNOFF ELECTION IN GEORGIA

BETWEEN THE INCUMBENT RAPHAEL WARNOCK, THE DEMOCRAT BEING CHALLENGED BY HERSCHEL WALKER AND SPEAKING OF DONALD TRUMP, WHERE DOES THAT LOOK? >> IT IS FASCINATING BECAUSE IT IS COMING UP RIGHT AFTER THANKSGIVING ON DECEMBER 6. HERSCHEL WALKER DID NOT JUST UNDERPERFORM COMPARED TO SAY WHERE DONALD TRUMP W IN SOME OF THESE PLACES BUT HE UNDERPERFORMED THE GUBERNATORIAL NOMINEE AND THE CURRENT GOVERNOR RYAN KEMP BY ABOUT 200,000 VOTES. KEMP GOT 200,000 MORE VOTES THAN HERSCHEL WALR AND THE GOVERNOR WENT OUT AND CAMPAIGNED WITH HERSCHEL WALKER OVER THE WEEKEND. THE GOAL IS TO GET SOME OF THOSE PEOPLE WHO VOTED FOR KEMP BACK ON THE HERSCHEL WALKER TRAIN. THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN EASIER IF THIS WORD THE RACE TO DETERMINE THE CONTROL OF THE SENATE. YOU MAKE THE CASE TO THE VOTERS, YOU MAY NOT LIKE THIS GUY BUT HE IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

REPUBLICANS OR DEMOCRATS BEING IN CHARGE. YOU DON'T HAVE THE SAME MESSAGE SO TRYING TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET THOSE VOTERS, ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE MAP WHERE HE UNDERPERFORMED. HE STILL NEEDS TO TURN OUT THE BASE. HE HAS TO GET THOSE SUBURBAN VOTERS. IT IS NOT CLEAR HE HAS THE MESSAGE TO DO THAT. JUDY: THERE IS NOT THE INCENTIVE FOR REPUBLICANS RIGHT NOW. >> YOU HAVE A SITUATION WHERE PEOPLE WERE LUKE WARM ENOUGH ON HERSCHEL WALKER TO NOT VOTE FOR HIM OR TO VOTE FOR RAFAEL WARNOCK AND BRIAN KEMP OR NOT VOTE AT ALL. ARE THOSE PEOPLE GOING TO SHOW UP TO AN ELECTION WHERE THEY HAVE TO GO OUT OF THEIR WAY TO VOTE WHEN THERE IS NO ONE ELSE ON THE BALLOT EXCEPTHIS PERSON THEY FEEL LUKEWARM ABOUT? IN THE QUESTION ON THE DEMOCRATIC SIDE IS THE SAME INCENTIVE QUESTION. IF SENATE CONTROL ISN'T AT STAKE WILL THEY BE AS MOTIVATED AS

THEY WERE EARLIER IN NOVEMBER? AND CLEARLY, THE HEAVY HEADERS ARE COMING OUT BECAUSE -- HEAVY HITTERS ARE COMING OUT BECAUSE FORMER PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA IS COMING OUT AND THERE IS NO ONE THAT RALLIES DEMOCRATS LIKE FORMER PRESIDENT OBAMA. JUDY: WHO HAS THE GREATEST INCENTIVE BUILDING PARTY. SOMETHING WE HATE TO THINK ABOUT BUT THE LATEST TRAGIC SHOOTING. ANOTHER LGBTQ CLUB. A FEW YEARS AGO YOU HAD THE SHOOTING IN PAUL'S IN ORLANDO, FLORIDA AND NOW THIS ONE. -- IN PULSE IN ORLANDO, FLORIDA AND NOW THIS ONE. WE HATE TO THINK ABOUT IT BUT THERE HAS BEEN A LOT OF CONVERSATION ABOUT GAY ISSUES AND TRANSGEER. TO WHAT EXTENT? >> I WAS THINKING ABOUT THIS TODAY AND HOW THESE PLACES, ESPECIALLY IN RECENT TIMES,

QUITE FRANKLY IT IS HORRIBLE TO SAY, EVEN IN THE LAST FEW WEEKS. PLACES THAT ARE SUPPOSED TO BE HAVENS FOR SAFETY AND SECURITY. SCHOOLS -- UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO AND NOW THIS NIGHTCLUB WHERE EVERY ONE OF THE PATRONS SAID THIS WAS OUR SANCTUARY WHERE WE FELT SAFE. THE FACT THAT OUR PLACES OF SAFETY AND COMFORT HAVE BEEN BREACHED,HAT IS WHERE YOU JUST FEEL AND SO MANY AMERICANS FEEL THIS WAY, JUST THAT THE COUNTRY, OUR SYSTEM, WHATEVER IT IS IS SO OFF-TRACK. AND IF WE CANNOT ENJOY THESE PLACES THAT SHOULD BE PEACE AND SAFETY, THEN NOWHERE IS SAFE AND THAT IS A REAY SOBERING AND PRETTY DEPRESSING THOUGHT. AND REALITY. JUDY: IT IS. AND SOLUTIONS?

>> CERTAINLY THERE IS TALK AGAIN OF TRYING TO HAVE AT LEAST FOR THE DEMOCRATS AND PRESIDENT, AN A -- A BAN ON ASSAULT WEAPONS. THERE IS A DISCONNECT. THERE WAS STRONGLY BIPARTISAN LEGISLATION IN SUPPORT OF SAME-SEX MARRIAGE DAYS BEFORE THE ATTACK HAPPENED ON THIS NIGHTCLUB. THERE IS A DISCONNECT BETWEEN THE POLITICS. THERE IS GROWING ACCEPTANCE OF LGBTQ COMMUNITIES AND YET AT THE SAME TIME, AND IT IS NOT CLEAR THE MOTIVES, BUT THE SENSE OF BACKLASH AT THE SAME TIME. JUDY: UGLY LANGUAGE STILL OUT THERE COMING UP IN DARK CORNERS OF WHERE THESE CONVERSATIONS COME FROM. TOUGH SUBJECT. SOMETHING WE ARE ALL TRYING TO LIVE WITH RIGHT NOW. AMY WALTER AND TAMRON, THANK YOU TO YOU BOTH. >> YOU ARE WELCOME.

♪ ♪ JUDY: PROFESSIONAL MUSICIANS OFTEN CHAFE AT BEING CONFINED TO CATEGORIES OR GENRES AND SOMETIMES AN ARTIST COMES ALONG TO INVIGORATE OR STRETCH THOSE CATEGORIES. STRANGE IS ONE SUCH MUSICIAN. OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT, TOM, HAS THIS STORY FOR OUR ARTS AND CULTURE SERIES, CANVAS. ♪ REPORTER: STRANGE OPERATES IN THE WORLD KNOWN AS ALTERNATIVE ROCK. A SPACE WHERE BLACK ARTISTS HAVE NOT ALWAYS GOTTEN THEIR DUE. >> OFTENTIMES WE WILL BE LIKE -- BLACK PEOPLE ARE THE FOUNDATION OF CULTURE. BUT WHEN YOU LOOK AT WHO IS WINNING AWARDS AND WHO IS GETTING RECOGNITION ESPECIALLY

IN THE GUITAR DRIVEN SPACE OR THE INDIE ROCK SPACE, THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF BLACK PEOPLE ARE OFTEN FORGOTTEN. ♪ REPORTER: HIS CONTRIBUTIONS ARE GETTING ATTENTION. THEY INCLUDE INJECTING AN EMOTIONAL MIX OF R&B, SOUL TO THE SCENE WHERE THE GUARDIAN RECENTLY WROTE, HE IS HERE TO REWRITE THE ROBOT. ABC WAS MADE TO MATCH MULTIPLE STYLES AND CREATE A NEW ONE OF HIS OWN. HE WAS BORN AND 1989 IN SWITCH, ENGLAND. >> MY DAD WAS AN AIR FORCEUY AND MY MOM WAS AN OPERA SINGER. REPORTER: THE FAMILY BOUNCED AROUND UNTIL HE FOUND HIMSELF GROWING UP IN MUSTAN >> WE WERE ONE OF THE FEW BLACK FAMILIES THERE. REPORTER: HE ATTENDED OPERA CAMP AND HE LOVED BOOKS. >> I WAS AN AVID READER. PHILIP ROTH WAS MY FAVORITE AUTHOR.

LET YOUR A FATHER AND OPERA SINGER MOTHER, A PHILIP ROTH READING BLACK KID IN A WHITE TOWN. IS THAT HOW THE NAME STRANGE OCCURRED TO YOU? >> THE PEOPLE AT CHURCH USED TO GO -- HE IS KIND OF STRANGE WHICH IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY CAN MEAN SO MANY DIFFERENT THINGS. IT CAN DESCRIBE THE QUIET KID OR E KID YOU DON'T UNDERSTAND BUT YOU LOVE HIM. PEOPLE WERE ALWAYS LIKE -- HE IS IN HIS OWN WORLD. REPORTER: HIS DREAM WAS TO PLAY FOOTBALL UNTIL ONE LATE NIGHT HE SAW A GROUP -- >> IT IS MOSTLY BLACK GUYS WEARING THINGS I WOULD WEAR AND MAKING MUSIC I HAD NOT HEARD BY PEOPLE THAT LOOK LIKE THAT. I THOUGHT, I HAVE TO GET A GUITAR. IT CHANGED WHAT I THOUGHT WAS POSSIBLE IN MY LIFE. REPORTER: MUSIC WOULD NOT TAKE OVER RIGHT AWAY. HE WENT ON TO AN ENTIRE CAREER INCLUDING ONIN WASHINGTON INCLUDING AS PRESS SECRETARY.

AS RECENTLY AS LAST YEAR HE WORKED IN COMMUNICATIONS FOR A CLIMATE CHANGE NONPROFIT. BUT HE WAS MAKING MUSIC ALL ALONG. HE BEGAN GETTING MORE ATTENTION WITH A 2020 RELEASE OR HE COVERED TEENS BY A PROMINENT INDIE BAND THAT HE ADORES. >> I DON'T WANT TO MAKE THIS A COMMENTARY -- THOSE THAT MAKE IT AND THOSE THAT DON'T DESPI THE HISTORY OF BLACK ARE IN THIS SCENE. AFTER ALL OF THIS HISTORY WHY CAN THERE NOT BE A BAND LIKE THE NATIONAL THAT LOOKS LIKE ME? REPORTER: SO HE TOOK SONGS BY THE NATIONAL THAT SOUND LIKE THIS -- ♪ AND INTERPRETED THEM LIKE THIS >> ♪ ♪ DIDN'T ASK YOU WHY ♪ REPORTER: BUT IT WAS ONLY IN 2021 WITH THE ALBUM, LIVE FOREVER THAT HE COMMITTED TO

MUSIC FULL-TIME. ♪ CRITICS HERALDED THE WORK SAYING IT FLOWED WITH PAST TRADITIONS AND HAD NEW POSSIBILITIES. IT INCLUDED A BREAKTHROUGH TRACK. ♪ >> THAT SONG IS A MOMENT IN MY LIFE WHERE I ACTUALIZED. I WAS IN BROOKLYN AROUND A BUNCH OF ARTISTS THAT I LOVED AND RESPECTED WHO WERE BLACK WHO MADE ME FEEL LIKE I WAS A NORMAL PERSON AND I WAS ABLE TO WRITE AND CREATE MUSIC THAT WAS SO TRUE TO MYSELF. ♪ I WAS WAYS LIKE -- AAH, BUT WHEN I WAS MAKING BOOMER, WRITING THAT SONG I WAS LIKE -- I'M GOOD. REPORTER: FARM TO TABLE HAS UPPED THE STAKES. HE PLAYED IT FOR HIS PARENTS AND SIBLINGS BEFORE THE RELEASE.

>> AFTER GEORGE FLOYD DIED I HEARD HIS DAUGHTER TALKING TO THE PRESS ABOUT WHAT HAPNED. AND EVERYONE WAS LIKE, THIS IT IS SO BRAVE. AND I WAS LIKE, NO, WE HAVE FAILED THIS CHILD JUST LIKE WE HAVE FAILED SO MANY BLACK KIDS. I SAY, HE IS CALLING TO HIS MOTHER NOW AND AT THE END I SAY, I'M CALLING MY MOTHER NOW. ♪ I'M CALLING TO MY MOTHER NOW ♪ ♪ BECAUSE GEORGE FLOYD LOOKS LIKE ME. HE IS A BIG, BLACK DUDE. MY WHOLE LIFE I HAVE HAD TO CHANGE HOW LOUD I AM HOW I DRESS. I WAS LIKE, I COULD EASILY HAVE BEEN HIM. THERE HAVE BEEN MANY TIMES IN MY LIFE WHEN I THOUGHT I WASIM. REPORTER: NOWADAYS HE SOMETIMES APPEARS ON STAGE WITH THE NATIONAL AND NEW MUSIC HAS

BROUGHT NEW FANS. ONE INVITED HIM ONTO HIS PODCAST. >> IT IS A REAL PRIVILEGE TO TALK TO YOU. YOUR MUSIC IS SO BEAUTIFUL AND IT IS A JEWEL THAT HAS EMERGED. REPORTER: IO RECENTLY THAT YOU CHATTED WITH OUT AND JOHN. DO YOU ASPIRE TO THAT LEVEL OF SUCCESS IN THE BUSINESS? >> YES, I DO. 100%. BUT I'M REALLY TRYING HARD NOT TO WRITE THAT WAY. I'M TRYING HARD NOT TO SAY, I NEED TO MAKE A PITCH. I'M JUSTOING TO KEEP MAKING MUSIC AND HITS WILL COME. I THINK MY JOURNEY IS JUST BEGINNING. REPORTER: FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, THIS IS TOM IN NEW YORK CITY. ♪ JUDY: AMERICANS ARE EXPECTED TO GOBBLE UP MORE THAN 40 MLION TURKEYS BETWEEN W AND THE END OF THE YEAR BUT TWO MASSIVE BIRDS WILL ESCAPE THE HOLIDAY

SEASON THANKS TO A PRESIDENTIAL INTERVENTION. STEPHANIE SY IS BACK WITH A HISTORY OF THE TURKEY PARDON. REPORTER: TURKEY IS NOT ON THE WHITE HOUSE MENU THIS THANKSGIVING AT LEAST NOT THIS PLUCKY PAIR OR SHOULD WE SAY LUCKY PAIR? REPORTER: BIDEN DOLED OUT A MORSEL OF MERCY ON MONDAY SPARING CHOCOLATE AND CHIP. >> BASED ON THEIR TEMPERAMENT AND COMMITMENT TO BE PRODUCTIVE NUMBERS OF SOCIETY, I HEREBY PARDON -- YES -- REPORTER: THE PRESIDENT GARNERED HIS SPEECH WITH DAD JOKES. >> THE VOTES ARE IN. THEY HAVE BEEN COUNTED AND VERIFIED. THERE IS NO FOUL PLAY OR BALLOT STUFFING. THE ONLY RED WAVE THE SEASON WILL BE COMMANDER KNOING OVER THE CRANBERRY SAUCE ON OUR TABLE. REPORTER: IT IS A MORE THAN THREE DECADE LONG TRADITION OF

THE WHITE HOUSE BUT HOW IT GOT STARTED, WELL,HAT QUESTION HAS RUFFLED SOME FEATHERS. >> PRESIDENT TRUMAN WAS THE FIRST PRESIDENT TO PARDON A TURKEY. REPORTER: THAT IS AS FALSE AS TOFU-RKEY. HE WAS THE FIRST TO RECEIVE A TURKEY FROM THE NATIONAL TURKEY FEDERATION BUT THERE IS NO RECORD OF A PARDON. ACCORDING TO THE WHITE HOUSE'S HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION TRUMAN QUIPPED THE BIRDS WOULD COME IN HANDY FOR CHRISTMAS TRADITION. OH TRUMAN, THAT TALK. WHO WAS OVER AS PRESIDENT TO SAVE A TURKEY? LET THE RECORD SHOW IT WAS HONEST ABE LINCOLN AFTER HIS YOUNG SON TAD BEGGED FOR THE BIRDS LIFE, THE CHRISTMAS TURKEY BECAME A PATCH. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY WAS A FIRST TO SPARE A THANKSGIVING BIRD IN 1963 DESPITE A SIGN HANGING AROUND THE TURKEYS BIRD -- TURKEYS AND SAYING -- GOOD EATING, MR. PRESIDENT.

THE PRESIDENT SENT THE BIRD BACK TO THE FARM. GIFTED TO A NEARBY PETTING ZOO BY PRESIDENT NIXON. IT WAS RONALD REAGAN WHO CARVED OUT A SPOT IN HISTORY BY BEING THE FIRST TO USE THE WORD PARDON WHEN TALKING TURKEY IN 1987. THE TRADITION BECAME FORMALIZED IN 1980 NINE WITH PRESIDENT GEORGE H W BUSH. >> LET ME US OR YOU AND THIS FINE TOM TURKEY THAT HE WILL NOT END UP ON ANYONE'S TURKEY -- THANKSGIVING TABLE. REPORTER: IT HAS BECOME AN ANNUAL RITUAL. >> THIS IS THE EIGHTH I HAVE HAD THE PRIVILEGE TO SET FREE IN THE ROSE GARDEN. REPORTER: SOME YEARS MORE TURKEYS ARE DOMESTICATED LIKE JERRY AND 2000. AND SOME YEARS ARE MORE DEMOCRATIC LIKE IN 2004 WHEN THE GEORGE W. BUSH WHITE HOUSE LET ONLINE VOTERS CHOOSE THE NAMES OF THE TURKEY.

>> THIS IS AN ELECTION YEAR AND BISCUITS HAD TO EARN A SPOT AT THE WHITE HOUSE. BISCUITS AND HIS RUNNING MATE GRAVY PREVAILED OVER THE TICKET OF PATIENCE AND FORTITUDE. REPORTER: 2013 SAW THE TURKEYS UPGRADE THEIR D.C. STAY TO THE SWANKY DIGS OF THE WILLARD HOTEL. WHILE RUNNING AFOUL OF ANY TRADITION IS LIABLE TO CAUSE A FLAP, THE PANDEMIC BROUGHT CHANGE TO THE WHITE HOUSE AND HOMES ACROSS THE COUNTRY IN 2020. >> AND WE GIVE THANKS FOR THE VACCINES AND THERAPIES THAT WILL SOON AND THE PANDEMIC. REPORTER: ONE YEAR LATER WITH THE PANDEMIC STILL LINGERING, AT 10 D'S KEPT THEIR DISTANCE -- ATTENDEES KEPT THEIR DISTANCE. >> THESE TURKEYS INSTEAD OF GETTING BASTED ARE GETTING BOOSTED. REPORTER: THESE LUCKY DUCKS WERE RAISED SPECIFICALLY FOR THIS DAY RETURNING TO THE TAR HEEL STATE

THANK FOR TO LIVE OUT THE REST OF THEIR DAYS ONHE CAMPUS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA . THAT IS THE STORY AND IF YOU HATED THE PUNS, YOU CAN TELL US TO STUFF IT. JUDY: AND THAT IS THE ONLY FOUL TALK YOU WILL HEAR ON THE NEWSHOUR ALL YEAR LONG AND THAT IS THE NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT. I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. GOING AS ONLINE AND AGAIN HERE TOMORROW EVENING. FOR ALL OF US, THANK YOU, PLEASE STAY SAFE AND WE WILL SEE YOU SOON. ANNOUNCER: MAJOR FUNDING F THE PBS NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY -- >> CONSUMER CELLULAR'S GOAL HAS BEEN TO PROVIDE WIRELESS SERVICE TO HELP PEOPLE COMMUNICATE AND CONCT. WE OFFER A VARIETY OF PLANS AND OUR CUSTOMER SERVICE TEAM CAN HELP YOU FIND ONE TO FIT YOU. TO LEARN MORE VISIT CONSUMER CELLULAR.TV. ♪ >> THE LANDSCAPE HAS CHANGED AND NOT FOR THE LAST TIME. THE RULES OF BUSINESS ARE BEING

REINVENTED WITH A MORE FLEXIBLE WORKFORCE, BY EMBRACING INNOVATION, BY LOOKING NOT ONLY AT CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES BUT AHEAD TO FUTURE ONES. RESILIENCE IS THE ABILITY TO PIVOT AGAIN AND AGAIN FOR WHATEVER HAPPENS NEXT. >> PEOPLE WHO KNOW KNOW BDO. ♪ ANNOUNCER: THE KENDEDA FUND COMMITTED TO ADVANCING RESTORATIVE JUSTICE AND MEANINGFUL WORK DREW INVESTMENTS IN TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERS AND IDEAS. MORE AT KENDEDA FUND.ORG. SUPPORTED BY THE JOHN DEE AND CATHERINE T MACARTHUR FOUNDATION. COMMITTED TO BUILDING A MORE JUST AND PEACEFUL WORLD. MORE INFORMATION AT MACK BROWN.ORG. AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS. ♪ THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC

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AND COMPANY." HERE IS WHAT IS COMING UP. THE QATAR WORLD CUP KICKS OFF DOGGED BY WORLD CONTROVERSY. I SPEAK WITH ROGER BENNETT AND DR. NASSAR MOHAMMED. >> IT COMES FOR A NEW GENERATION TO LEAD THE CAUCUS. >> DEMOCRATS MOVE INTO THE MINORITY WITHOUT NANCY PELOSI'S LEADERSHIP. IR I SPEAK WITH HER FRIEND AND COLLEAGUE REPRESENTATIVE JACKIE SPEIER. ALSO. >> LISTEN. >> LISTEN. >> DEBBIE LOCKWOOD COLLECTS STORIES ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE ACROSS FIVE YEARS AND SIX CONTINENTS. >>> PLUS, YALE LAW SCHL PULLS OUT OF U.S. NEWS AND WORLD REPORT RANKINGS. CALLING OUT THE SYST