Betty Friedan

[applause] [applause] I'm glad to be here at this rather crucial moment in the unfinished revolution of American women to have full equality, human freedom, human dignity our own identity in the family of man. Because we have come far in very few years less than ten years of this second wave of women's movement for equality in America and because we are at a crucial juncture it is well to suddenly look back and see what our direction has been and where our direction must be. Where the real problems are and where maybe false problems are. Where dead ends may lie. Where the resistance is coming from where the enemy is and where it isn't.

And understand the nature of our situation our revolution more clearly than we could perhaps when we began it's just ten years since the 'Feminine Mystique' was published and ten years ago, writing that book, each chapter I finished I thought 'I must be crazy.' Soon after that book came out, it became clear and all the book said was that women are people, but it became clear that there were millions of women in this country each one of whom thought she was crazy and a freak and absolutely alone if she didn't have an orgasm waxing the kitchen floor.

If she didn't relive her wedding night by throwing a powder into the dish-washing machine. If no matter how much she enjoyed being her children's mother or husband's wife, or how much she was beginning to climb the log maybe in that era when she was supposed to define herself solely as her children's mother or husband's wife. If somehow she wanted something more than peanut butter sandwiches with the children and she didn't even have a word for whatever that yearning was the so called 'happy American house wife.' We were isolated and alone within the boundaries of what I call the 'Feminine Mystique,' that which made define ourselves and by which all the experts studying us are defining us as soley in terms of our sexual relation to man as

man's wife, mother, housewife, sex object, server of physical needs; needs of husband, children, home, and never in primary human terms the person ourselves defining ourselves existentially by our own actions in society. If we were at least moving out of the physical isolation of our private homes if we were working in the world outside the home as nearly fifty percent of American women were doing even in the 60s, well we were still isolated by that feminine mystique we were made to feel so guilty for working at all and we were doing the housework of industry if we were working, except for a token few, we were made to feel so guilty undermining, betraying our own femininity, undermining our husband's masculinity, neglecting the children in that Spokian area when the little violets where going to need 24 hour constant attention of the mother or they would somehow never grow.

we were made to feel so guilty that we dared to work no matter much the paycheck was needed for tuition or the mortgage and then we had rush home so fast to do the housework at home after the job because it was bad enough to work in the first place we shouldn't confound this by asking the husband to share the housework or the children to take the bus to the little league game game that we didn't even have the nerve or the words to feel resentful or consciously resentful if we were paid half of what a man would be paid at the same job women were then and still are being paid or if we were being passed over for promotion as assistant to or if we were running the office as secretary but never even ever possibly being noticed as a possibility for promotion to administrator, executive, if we were asked to train young men off the street for the job that we had been doing if

as head surgical nurse we trained three generation of, of surgical residents, interns and yet we're never considered capable ourselves of decision making never even had a word to admit or express resentment if we were doing, if we had done the research or written the paper or uh done the work for which the man got the byline or the raise or the credit or the degree we were freaks we were alone there was something wrong with us individually we should confess to the priest or on the analyst couch and we did the best we could to adjust and then began this massive revolution and it began with consciousness and it didn't begin because I or any other witch of Salem somehow seduced those uh otherwise happy housewives that would be having orgasms waxing the

floor if we hadn't come along. It had to burst that feminine mystique. Women had to burst out of it in the sixties the wonder was it didn't happen before for several very ?inaudible? historical reasons the main reason was that women were facing a massive crisis of identity. Anatomy is destiny he couldn't see any of the same things he wanted anatomy was destiny in Freud's sense for women of generations back but it was not any longer even for my mother's generation certainly not for mine so we woke up to that very late

and not possibly for yours. Women were defined once primarily by their childbearing function primarily therefore in sexual terms but for these recent generations not as a value statement but as a fact of life, motherhood can no longer occupy or preoccupy the energies of women for most of her months, years of life on earth earth much less define her identity give her a lifelong function in society not as a value statement no matter how much from now on into the future women joyously might embrace motherhood or wish to be mothers or enjoy being mothers, motherhood will be a relatively minor fact of life in the total life

span of the women who choose to be mothers from now on may be a very important, may be the most important fact of life for the years of young motherhood, the years when there are young children at home total life span still one of the most important values of that life but no longer possibly shaping that life and not just because we have a technilogical control of our reproductive process finally with birth control, with the pill and now even the legal and constitutional right to decide whether or not or when to bare children the supreme court having finally recognized woman's right to life liberty and the pursuit of happiness at under the constitution to give her control of her own body and therefore to give her access to abortion if she does not not choose to bare her child but primarily this new fact is because of the new years of human life

that the evolution of society made by man has given women my life expectancy standing here as 75 years many of you when you reach my age we'll have an active life expectancy closer to 100 years it is clear that the child bearing function even if- if embraced for the totality of a woman's child bearing capacity would no longer occupy most of a 75 or 100 year life span the women of my generation woke up to that very late and only as the last child went off to school or to college and you know unlike the novels the mother really couldn't really go to college with him and so then they would would have to ask what do I want to do when my children grow up? Because they weren't supposed to ask i-, when they-, what do you wanna be little boy when you grow up but no one asks what do you you wanna be little girl when you grow up it was what a pretty little girl the boys are going to like you, your going to be be a mommy like mommy only she couldn't be a mommy like mommy not in that way

no more, no more and that was I think really the major reason why women finally had to confront their existence in society as people in society and until they began to ?inaudible? could they face the barriers and the problems that kept them from full equality in society the second reason had to happen in this time in history is that the work that is carrying society forward as increasingly moved ?inaudible? the simplicities you know of kitchen, home, the steak is no longer sliced from the cow that grazed in the the ranch house like the cow once grazed on the ranch all bought at the supermarket for money and the children are educated outside the home and ?inaudible? cared for outside the home and the cloth is not woven at home and it all costs money and unless women are out there you know where the action is they are not a part of the action of society except you know, for the, the uh, uh, years when there

are children at home, short times during any day when when the rest of the family is home too and unless women are out there where the action takes place in society you know they are not able to command the ?inaudible? of life in society finally the evolution of work no longer requires strength where women couldn't be equal perhaps but increasing the qualities of human intelligence where young women and young men are potentially equal and qualities of human sensitivity where women by life experience and socialization have excelled if not necessarily by biology and finally it wasn't really possible for women to be divorced from the whole evolution of human conscience, human rights revolution, not possible for women to watch on television or participate in students' movements which saw the blacks saying they will no longer go in the busses or be be served at lunch counters or shop or be housed or work

in less than full human dignity their rights as Americans participate as students in movements which said self determination and freedom freedom now and we will take our own destiny in our own hands and for women finally not say me too we discovered we were not alone in the mid sixties we discovered that what we were dealing with and this was very quick that was not an individual psychological problem but a social condition and that women would only only really be able to be full people once we defined ourselves that way by changing society. You know it was seen at first as if it was just just nothing but talk, consciousness that maybe was the first step like a million american ?inaudible? making the trip to ?inaudible? dollhouse a century ago and ?inaudible? the original male chauvinist pig who treated his life like a play thing or a toy

um and she finally decided to walk out and he said how can you do this you are above all else a wife and mother your first duty is to your husband, your children and she said no I am above all else a human being just as you are my first duty is to myself and until i know who i am myself as a human being, I can't be a good wife and mother. But we couldn't just say that I am a human being first in my own right at least it made us see the problems and barriers finally that we can as people in society, which we couldn't when we weren't even supposed to define ourselves as people in society that was the most revolutionary thing to say that women are just people. Much more revolutionary than than the feminine mystique that seemed to elevate us so but really kept us from moving at all. The women's movement actually began in 1966 by what seemed to be a fluke at first

Virginia added to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 in an attempt to mess it up, to delay it he added a provision on sex discrimination to title 7 that covered equal employment opportunity. And this was such a joke ?inaudible? sex discrimination that congress virtually had to adjurn hysterics, laughter, sex discrimination should be outlawed. They laughed and they laughed and the few women in, in congress ?inaudible? from Michigan ?inaudible? Sullivan in Missouri and the rest ?inaudible? they were so angry and they determined to make those men stop laughing if it was the last thing they did so they didn't let them take sex discrimination out of title seven and then the people that were supposed to enforce title 7, uh, treat it as a joke, more of a joke than prohibition and they said oh sex discrimination in employment and they said to the press I suppose that means that we're going to have to let men apply for jobs as playboy bunnies haha you know

and some of us in the growing underground of consciousness of women as people that was the last straw and we decided that there would have to be a movement for women just as there had been for the blacks a movement to make society take us seriously and to change the conditions that kept us from full participation in society that kept us from equal opportunity and all our human and American rights because you see you couldn't do it alone or individually or just in your consciousness the world was structured and rigged in ways that because it became clear once we did define ourselves as people that the whole world outside the home, every field, every profession was structured as man's world, and women were- moved in at only

in-, in-, you know invisible as people doing the menial housework of cleaning the offices or emptying the bed pans. Or so completely that women were trapped in it and so we set out in nineteen sixty six to restructure for full equality for women in fully equal partnership with men and we have come a long way, we've come a long way in a half-dozen years on the first stage of this the breaking through of the explicit barriers of sex discrimination the explicit barriers that have kept us from equality, in defining those beginning to move to restructure them the largest perpetrator of race and sex discrimination in this country has just just been ordered to pay 15 million dollars in back wages to women who were never

even allowed to apply for jobs beyond complaint operator and all the jobs jobs now are in process against universities and institutions, I don't know if yours is one of them that must take affirmative action to end discrimination against women or they will lose their government contracts and i understand that on the eve of my coming here perhaps in some non- some coincidentally fashion uh, that uh you have had some new breakthroughs against sex discrimination i think you are gynecologist, uh, although I have been um that uh the women that may need the services of gynecologists are not allowed to be given prescriptions for birth control so you haven't really finished yet but they have had to hastily do

something about it and i do uh understand now that they have formally decided not to lock the girls up, uh or rather to lock the boys boys up too in so far as anybody needs to be like well those things are are important to break through those specific locks you know I mean because that kind of discrepant practice which is fast you know know disappearing in every university said to- everyday year to young women you are children, you are not capable of taking care of yourselves you are sex objects uh you are somehow less than a human being able to take your life in your own hands than the young, you know men and its said the same thing to the young men about the women and so what help perpetuate the self denigration among women and the denigration of women that is you know the enemy here, we have broken through through the protestant, um in th-, the, in, in all the

major religious bodies the women who had just been cooking the church suppers are being beginning now to earn the right to be ordained as deacons and ministers and rabbis, though the pope still won't won't let them take mass but the liberated nuns that I spoke to at Webster College last summer summer and elsewhere in this country are not going to tolerate that one for long, and they are even even entertaining the possibility that, that Pope might be a woman too in, you know the not too distant future in the political parties are the women that that had just been looking up the zip codes organized politically are on the fiftieth anniversary of the vote on august twenty six nineteen seventy we took the first mass nationwide action of women since winning the vote we went into the streets, we marched on the unfinished business of equality and congress, the house in, in timorous uh sort of sudden fear that women the 53% of the vote that had you never noticed before because after all it was only 1% of the senate, now it's 0% quickly

passed the equal rights amendment. We went home again the senate took the equal rights amendment back so organize the national women's political caucus and in 1972 we had three times as many women delegates to both conventions as before and the chief enemy of the equal rights amendment in the house of 70 we ?inaudible? by a young woman Elizabeth Holtzman, you know, in 1972 and the equal rights rights amendment ,um, was passed by congress and I understand that it is up for your state for ratification. It has been ratified by 30 states, has 38 you know, 38 more to go and we now see, we are beginning to see see the resistance, the resistance emerge. There is virtually every professional organization, every university, every

office, every newspaper office, every television station, there is a women's caucus or group confronting the concrete conditions that discriminate against women. And there, the nature of the resistance, the real resistance is beginning to emerge suddenly there is a well financed campaign against the equal rights amendment against ratification of the equal rights amendment in the states. It seemed to spring from nowhere, but not from nowhere. John Birch the kind of money that financed the John Birch society, the imprint of the John Birch society has gone out on the literature that has, that is spreading ?inaudible? using the least educated of women and playing on their fears and manipulating them to try to get the legislators not to ratify the equal rights amendment. They are saying for instance uh that uh women will be subjected to mass rape if the equal rights amendment is passed, that, pregnant mothers will be in muddy trenches fighting wars and that terrible attrocities

now for your uh information, uh the equal rights amendment nearly says equality of rights under the law shall not be denied by the United States or any state on the account of sex. Uh since it is not technically possible for a woman to rape a man uh, rape laws will not be affected laws do not protect women very much since they require witnesses in that it is the nature of the act that you know the, the victim is the, is the witness and her testimony is not accepted, but in any event the rape laws will not be affected. As for the pregnant mothers in the trenches the draft is over thank heaven, i hope as you must hope that never again or certainly not soon again will americans be drafted to fight an

unjust immoral even obscene war so far from our shores as the one that just ended but if there should ever be a necessary war for the defense of this nation, it would seem to me that there is no reason whatsoever for women to be exempt on the basis of sex, that equality of right and privledge and opportunity has to mean equality of responsibility, this doesn't mean that pregnant mothers will be in trenches drafted,certainly you know young mothers would not be as for the bathroom if women or men for that matter would be denied jobs on the excuse of the bathroom and this this has, they would be ordered to put in a bathroom, I mean and this has happened. The head of NASA told me told me a few years ago that the reason they can let women into the astronaut training program was the bathroom problem and it seemed to me that was odd because it isn't even a question in spaceships of separate bathrooms. Uh, it, you know

race to space it's a matter of ?inaudible? whether you would have separate bathrooms or a matter matter of the size of the establishment, but if we want to get down to realism on this matter, matter and away from the hypocrisy we would have to say that american families which we all grew up unless they were very rich the bathroom was shared by mom and dad and grandpa and grandma and junior and jane and uncle dick, not all at the same time of course, no. And sin did not result [audience laughs] and so the bathroom should just you know be..you know I mean it should be just treated as a

joke it is, you know when this is raised an excuse for equal rights amendment. More seriously, I agree with Congresswoman, Martha Griffiths, that the opposition to the equal rights amendment in the great pretense that they are protecting women from these terrible atrocities is..is..is a mere smokes screen from re..reactionary reactionary. By woman's equality are threatened by women's emergence from passivity to self-determination. I mean if you if you think about it, women are the last and greatest group of people in this society to demand control of their own destiny. Women have been passive. Women's fears and passivity have been easily manipulated up to now by people that want to sell them by priests, by reactionary

politicians, in this country and in other countries. And women's emergence to self determination determination and to taking their destinies into their own hands brings into new political power, not a 10 percent minority but a 53 percent majority that really could threat the base of political power in this country. As it threatens those who have been making inordinate profits on the underpaid or exploited labor of women and we remember that 50 years ago, more than 50 years ago, that liquor companies spent millions of dollars in Tennessee and elsewhere to try..try to prevent women from even getting to vote because they expected that women would do something at that stage to try to close the saloons. There is a political and perhaps economic resistance beginning to emerge uh uh to matters like rights amendment or to our right to..to..uh uh control our own bodies in the matter of

abortion; and we can pinpoint the John Birch sort of people of this certain employers, the reactionary part of the Catholic hierarchy. All of these groups are in a strange sort of uh mix against the equal rights amendment, but something else is happening at this time that makes it pretty necessary to see and not be diluted in terms of a faucet and the media has helped in this confusion. Is began to swell in the late sixties when a million women a year were emerging from the colleges and being asked "can you type?" And when women who cut their political ?iteeth?, if you will, in the active student movement of the sixties

applying the ideology of class warfare to the problems of race began to rebel against their own situation as chicks in the student movement, you know, as and when laughed in organizations like the STS uh when they made resolutions for liberation of women then they formed their own separate groups. Uh had now began earlier addressing itself to conditions of women and in terms of the actual principles like equality and just applying to our actual conditions of women; but then came a..a..a tendency to form structure uh women's liberation groups that were using what I consider obsolete ideology of class warfare as it had been applied to the situation of women.

Not completely irrelevant; I mean, there was an analogy to the situation of women as an oppressed minority in society, I mean women as the oppressed majority in society, to the situation of the blacks as an oppressed minority. Not completely irrelevant irrelevant because women could be in many ways called the last proletariat. Not only because women are..are still are making on the average half what men are making when they work out but 80% of the welfare load is women and then..and when we're saying this we're still not talking about the over 50 percent of all women that do for love or nothing, the work inside the home, that no one would do for money if they education, you know. When it comes to social security, when it comes to accumulating uh benefits for retirement or pension or old age should the marriage be dissolved in divorce or when it comes to actual

disposition of the property, if the marriage should be terminated by divorce. So the economic question had to be confronted and in a society where everything, books and bread and housing and clothes and travel, costs money. If women aren't able able to earn equally with men and if women are forced to spend part of their lives doing work in the home for which no economic value is the..the basic independence, no forceful person; but there's no way, it seems to me, that you can fully understand the situation of women in terms of class warfare, a theory of class warfare, because the situation the relationship of woman to man is not the same the relationship of worker to boss or relationship of black to white.

And a rhetoric of sex class warfare began to emerge which the media have blown out of all proportion, the bra burning image if you will though no woman to my knowledge has ever burned a bra. And some young women could give credence to this this for while because it seemed to express a completely natural hostility that women feel in the beginning. Women, like all oppressed people, have been suppressing for generations, for years; a personal rage, a bitterness, that people have a right to feel when they are put down as women have been put down in offices and put down even on the pedestal that they are supposed to be occupying at home. That bitterness which they've been taking out on themselves in self-hatred and inadvertently on husbands and children and on the ?maleficent? own bodies that the pills sellers are getting rich catering to. When that comes into consciousness finally, there can be a temporary period of hostility that seems to be

directed toward men but to channel that into an ideology of class warfare or based on race warfare was and would've been if it had..if it managed to take take over the movement. A dead end, a..a..a..a false direction. And so lately, we have begun to differentiate and face possible ideological differences within the movement. There is a rhetoric of sex class warfare that that has been played up by the media in terms of which many of you may see women's liberation movement. But I now see and and I think this represents the mainstream of the movement. I now see more clearly than any of us could see 10 years ago, 6 years ago. The women's movement for equality as merely

a necessary first stage of a profound sex role revolution not a class warfare of woman as a class oppressed to take the power away from man as a class the oppressors but a moment of human liberation liberation of women and men who would have been locked as well fellow victims into the mask and mystique and A movement of human liberation from those obsolete sex roles that have made it almost impossible for us to make love not war. This women's movement for equality came first and had to come first and had to be stage one. That the sex role

is what it must emerged now into our consciousness and has been happening unconsciously at the same time. Well, what do I mean by the sex role revolution called masculine feminine by Theodore and Betty Roszak. Theodore Roszak wrote the making of the counterculture and this, the best of any book, puts the masculine part of it and feminine part of it together. And I paraphrase 'he is playing masculine, she's playing feminine. She is playing feminine because he's playing masculine. He is playing the big powerful masculine masculine he-man that the passive helpless little mini she is playing is supposed to admire. She's playing the sweet helpless little mini that the big powerful he-man he is playing is supposed to desire.

She admires him for the strengths and the courage and the ability and the adventurousness that she is not allowed to develop or experience in herself. He desires her for the soft and tender qualities he is not allowed to experience or express in himself. If she weren't playing feminine, there might might be a danger that she'd be more masculine than he in one or more of those strengths, abilities, courages, adventurousnesses adventurousnesses that have been defined as masculine. So she has to play softer and softer, more passive feminine til she becomes inner..ineffectiveness. There might be a risk that he would be

more feminine than she in one and more of those sensitivities or soft and tender qualities that have been defined as feminine by our society. So he has to play harder and harder masculine [background voices] So you don't endanger [background voices] Men have to be more consciously seen as part of this by the women. I know that in Cambridge and elsewhere some of the women's conscious groups are inviting men in to join the dialogue and I think that's good. I can s- see I..I.. and it..it would be

and so ?ready? so seeing that it somehow worked or ssss.. thought that we were going to work by ?in our way in? one group they, all they did was the group that ?way d.d.d.do new kind..t..t..the same? ?par?,you know, we..just people a different group holding it. Well this one Is that the kind of difference that you and Gloria Stein..Steinem have been having? D'you think that's going to cause a split within the movement? Well...I I think there is an ideological difference here between me and...I think that my view of it is shared by

And now for instance, you know, I mean with the mainstreams are and the..the uh Some of the women like, you know, ?Robert? Morgan or who..who in some of this stuff in ?miz? not all but some uh ?in some of glorious? but it..it seemed to be saying that the...it's like a class warfare, sex...war sorry class, women in the class, men the oppressors, you know. [audience cough] There is an ideological difference and I think it's been delineated. I think that notes are part of the ?root? uh I happen to think that..that might..that..that..that the sexual revolution the way that I phrased it is is..the...is the uh...right.

I predict what going to happen. I think that..th..that is a second place...may have been to some extent deliberately about to be manipulated and also represents a temporary phase. A temporary phase that and I think that we have see these large dimensions and we also have to change society and then we change the causes for the hostility. But if we don't succeed whatcha see..what's hard to predict because you're a..many factors are gonna converge here and we're in a period of economic turmoil. And they ss..and I've heard the argument and you have to, 'well with jobs, you know, har..getting harder and harder to get anyway with educational budgets being cut anyway. oh what do you mean to say

that women should go out and look for jobs and and ?breeze? and all that sort of thing? And..and..and..and they are working and they have to work and have to be able to get good jobs and they economic problems of the nation on the backs of..of women. women but I don't think that the fact that jobs necessarily mean a backlash against women and therefore a reason for women to be even even more bitter. Although it might because I think that j- as inflation increases and all the rest of it, the two-income family becomes more essential than ever. It is really I think would be amazed at how many families are not in poverty that it would be in poverty, as if it were, you know, for..for a two-income family. So that for every man who, you know, has to and does, I suppose, adjust to

well he's gotta compete with women and men for..for..for a job. There is a man who's..who's ?ulcers? are little lessened by the the fact that he..his wife is ?one of themself? Um ?John propetition?some backlash times you'll not become a little bitter because ?have they importers the federal government? tell me no not to even send them the application because the next person hired would not be my uh particular makeup and uh I wondered uh this is, you know, so if I guess uh hazards of, you know, bringing in minorities when it says equal opportunity employer you know i dont fit the bill bill. And Im referring to national parks service because the fact of the matter matter is that even right now that there's and you know i was

part of illinois 80% of the women in that university faculty had been on temporary contracts not full time contracts they were temporary contracts and with the cutback of the budget that 80 percent of the women had been and so on the one end you have the thing have pay in the same way you gotta rectify find and to equalize the pay for the same job but on the other hand you have all those women with a little more of that had been on temporary contracts theyre being fired equal yet and the fact

that that that men and white men yes yeah well i agree you know you know still working for the man you know much more than..than it is for the woman and..and uh an..any amount of the legislation that we can get to help get that door that's been sort of shut in our face, a little opened or more. That's fine we've got to do that, we've just got to do that, but it doesn't mean tha..tha..that men are not going to be hired because you know they're going to be hired. sex

maybe they're just telling me that because am a woman. [Betty] It's not going to happen. [Speaker] It's not going to happen, but still, they said, 'if, if we ever do have the opportunity to well [Betty] There has to be something done to rectify it and to to say hat we should do this, is that's just real, that's all. [I agree with you] And we're going to need some pressure to get it done. and basically we are going to get it done because we are going to have the pressure and we're going to, above all, we're gonna change the rules. That somehow have kept women out and we're going to have women aspiring in much greater numbers to get in, and it isn't going to be legal anymore to say, 'No, we won't consider a woman for that job, we've got to higher according to to ability.' Now, I mean, when the question of racist discrimination. as a sex, you know, there is oh old saying "oh you can't do it just by statistics" but

you can learn a lot from statistics. And if year after year, there are no blacks or no women and they say "we can't find qualified" then you know that they are like if you'd say; if you know for instance that there are as many or almost as many sociology graduate students as..as female as male and yet you find no tenured professors in sociology department that are female, then, you know, there's something odd about that excuse of not being able to find qualified women. By um hiring a person who is not as qualified as the other individuals who were being considered just on the basis that she's a woman? No, not really but I don't think that's is I'm really sick of hearing this when we, you know, we've been concentrating in the election year on the whole question of getting women to run for office and so and so forth and we said, you know, you guys should be a real attempt for women to

to be delegates of the convention and everything else in numbers that begin approximate their numbers among the voting population. Um and they would "qualified women" of course. No one would say "qualified men" "men" and you know how qualified were all the dog catchers. I mean it would be be [static noise] Among the middle ages talking about younger and older seems to be the thing. Well the majority some might say

that you find the population now lies that's

their lives I mean I think that change, you see, is that the pace of change in society is getting so, is rapid? now. That it is forcing us to evaluate and to change ourselves and that is also very scary, you see, to some people this is scary. And that part of what seems to be reactionary in the society is the scarest of change, and people are afraid of it. So then they turn against what they call 'hippies', or they get very defensive about values. And I think we ought to be very careful [host] You mean like in the Women's Movement? [Betty] You can't throw away the baby with the bathwater.

We may be in the midst of a period of hectic change, or ever excellerating change.