Here & There In Maryland: Field Trips; Nasa-Goddard Space Flight Center; Carroll County Farm Museum; Calvert Marine Museum; Antietam National Battlefield; Wye Oak, Wye Church and Wye Mill; Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge

This program been produced by the Maryland State Department of Education Division of instructional television in cooperation with the division of instruction. Since the. Beginning really. In the mainstream. Of. Astronomers and astrologers we read into the heavens and plot the course of the stars and planets and to defeat them. But they were limited in their knowledge because of their earthly home. As with many explorations and in been for our faith program began with a dream a vision a dream grew in the mind of a father

daughter in the late 1880s. He would climb among the branches of an old cherry tree and dream one day of exploring the universe and the possibilities of interplanetary travel. At 15 he tried and failed to build a balloon destined for outer space. His dream eventually led him to become a physicist as a scientist who hoped of probing the unknown in outer space began to be a possibility. He saw the potential use of rocket power reaching outer space. In 1989 he set out on a life's work of exploration and the development of rockets that soared into the heavens and eventually reach the moon. In 1926 he built the first liquid fuel rocket. The little frail rocket would be the forerunner of Big Brother the giant rockets we know today. Then four years later he fired a rocket which rose two thousand feet at a speed of

500 miles per hour. Through many years of hardware with just a handful of people he knew many failures and was often laughed at. But he was a man who found a dream and would never use it. Dr. Goddard blazed a trail into space to make way for seven miles and one day in heaven. Russia became interested and by the 1950s the United States were involved in what it may be in its attempt to win this race. The United States through its National Aeronautics and Space Administration or the first major laboratory devoted entirely to the exploration of space.

It was named after Dr. Robert H. Goddard the NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt Maryland. The tablet in 1959 15 miles north of Washington D.C. and has grown since then to a whopping six thousand five hundred a year and a complex of 20 thick building. Beyond building many buildings with equipment a simulator which tells how it's possible to live in space and what is needed for survival. Either building or the designing trembling and testing of satellites. The satellite has become an extension of our years in space. Today there are two hundred satellites that work sending back information. Tracking stations at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center receive pictures sent back

from a satellite in a part of a world wide network that enables us to accumulate and share important information about outer space and our planet. Building 14 at Goddard houses the mission control center. This room really gets busy during a calm downtime on the day a satellite launched. Most of the buildings at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center are off limits to the general public but there's more than enough to see at the visitor's center which is open five days a week. There's a small model of the famous lunar excursion also known as lym which American astronaut used first to descend to the moon's surface and then later to rejoin the command module. Another favorite piece of hardware for visitors is the Gemini space capsule. You could get inside sit down and feel just the same as the astronauts before they

blasted off. Also on view in the courtyard outside the visitor's center is the Apollo spaceship which carried us astronauts to and back inside the main building of the Visitor Center are many displays show pictures of space rock moving glow models which tell the fascinating story of what exploration has accomplished. You can see a genuine rock brought back by the astronauts from their trip to the moon. And there are many interesting displays about our solar system. You may want to learn how a star is born and how it died and actually with the process. The Landsat exhibit will show how scientists are learning more about our earth as the Landsat satellite travels around the planet sending back pictures to be

made into maps. Could this strangely colored map really tell us things we can use. Absolutely. If you know what to look for for instance by studying these patterns of colors scientists can see how the cities we live in are growing the apex of pollution can be seen floods can be studied and lives can be saved as more knowledge is now known about areas where rivers will overflow. Pictures from Landsat sources can also show us changing conditions in oceans and whether. This means that never again will a hurricane take us by surprise. Through satellites reporting back information to us we may find new sources of oil here on Earth and by studying the sun in the ever increasing detail. Satellites may help even more in the development of solar energy.

As for communications we know how sequels and TV broadcast can be seen by satellite from one company to another in next to no time here at the Goddard visitor center there's a telephone through which you can talk long distance to yourself your voice is sent up 22000 miles through the air to a satellite and right back down again and it takes only one half second. One minute. And finally since everyone enjoys a live blast Here's some model rockets being launched by one of the rocket clubs who meet here twice a month. Rockets satellites Landsat studying the Earth from outer space studying other planets stars reaching into the universe and it all starts with a dream.

A young boy had been sitting in a cherry tree. At the studios of the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting. Produced by the Division of instructional television Maryland State Department of Education

in cooperation with the division of instruction. Living on a farm was quite different. Fifty two hundred years ago. Each day began at the break of dawn yoking house every morning

seven days a week. Most everything that a family needed came from the farm. Food clothing lumber and a way to earn money. Things that people couldn't grow or make. They relied on others in the area like a blacksmith or a candle maker. It was a fairly simple life. A lot of hard work. The Carroll County Farm Museum in Westminster was once an alms house for the poor. Dating back to 1853. Many of the buildings are typical. A farmhouse a bar and a smoke house for smoke and food. But actually this particular farm is quite special. See this farmhouse many people. As many as 50 people at times. It was built by the county to take care of the poor people. At that time there was no

welfare or unemployment insurance. The poor people lived in this building the alms house and the building connecting and the people work the land to support themselves. Some were young. Some old. Some disabled. Those who could work took care of the others. The alms house was restored in 1966 as a museum. So that we could better appreciate our past. The rooms are pretty true representation of living areas as they were in the hundreds and are they 9900. Most of the household items have been donated to the museum since it opened in 1967. But some are originals to this very farm. Many families were housed in the dormitory type rooms adjacent to the main house.

These are now used to house the display areas like the medical room and the many practicing crafts people. Like building was important to the early farmer. Because he had made tools that the farmer couldnt buy in the stores. They made several thousand picks. Today as craftsman will make custom order job as one of the grills and candle holders. Right now we're working on a Norne Arthur. My grandfather and my father were Rule Makers The farmers

plant the corn and brought it into that debate. Rooms. My father made all the brooms and then he gave the farmer half and in return he kept half and he sold them to the people in the community. In the making of a quilt. There there's three general steps taken. One is called piecing it putting together the design on top and that is usually done by one person. When she is ready will just step to that. She puts it in her frame. Put the lining and then the cellar in the top and then she's ready to have her friends and neighbors come in and help her quilt. And then number three is taking it out of the frame and either by being seated

or handing to finish it around the quilt. Many colonial families kept a few sheep on the farm. They needed wool and so everyone in the family would have. Some. Job in this process of spinning. Father was exempt from that duty. Spinning would keep the family busy both. In the evening and throughout the year. The spinning was done in a very similar fashion to what I'm doing here. Plastic today just as pottery was used in our ancestors time. Every community had a potter and when someone made it an extra crock with them they said

they would go to their local Katar and say Could you make me across the source for pickle. Or could you make a better press. I'm making better this week and I'd make a special shape for this particular individual mugs just like this one. Were made every day as a part of the local community production. I know. The purpose of this forum is to honor farm. The agricultural heritage of the area and it is a playground of sorts for children of grown ups who want to see a little of our agricultural past. They are the craftspeople here display displaying their skills buildings and trails open for

everyone to enjoy. But the farm museum has special festivals throughout the year. Life has changed a lot. Supermarket's TV and cars didn't exist then. But people still had a good time and enjoyed themselves. I guess that's what the farm museum is all about. Showing people today how our ancestors once lived. Order.

Studios have a Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting. Produced by the Division of instructional television. Maryland State Department of Education in cooperation with the division of instruction. Board. Says the B

B B B B. B B B B B B Solomons Island at a small town in Watertown located near the mouth of the Tuckson River not far from the Chesapeake Bay. And mostly it's a town consist of a lot about a lot of fish. And just about all my life I think. Basically we've lived around nothing but. Boats. And the water is most water town people would. Most of the boats used here around the Solomons area. Where boats that they call vulgarized. I have just about been working on boats all my life. I'm still

building boats but the boats I'm building today are models for the Calvert Marine Museum here where I work. Something that does work off awful funny in a person's lifetime. I graduated here in 1935 from this old school building. And here I am right back again. 40 odd years later still building model about the same old find that we did years and years and years ago. After four years of high school I went right over in the shipyard M. M. Davison's sun and went to work the first boat I ever worked on over at the shipyard was a tugboat by the name of Virginia. You'll notice a lot of photographs of old ships in a ship building display room. Some of those ships I helped to build. There's a sailboat the man or two

built in 1937 which later President Kennedy. And it has been donated to the Lumbergh school to see him and ship it Piney Point Maryland. When we started in this old museum which was a school building we started working on one room. This room was being used for ship and shipyard display. I didn't think we would ever get enough artifacts to fill this room up. But today we have approximately 10 rooms has been completed in this museum and still we have run out of space. We have a number of very beautiful models in this class display case here. Most of these models were models of boats. That's either been built Harriet Solomons or so and worked out of Solomon's for many years. I have built

some myself. And Smithsonian Institute has about six miles here on loan which are very true scale models. This is a three log canoe built down from Virginia in 1940. Now all of these log canoes are basically from the old Indian design canoe. Is an Indian name. Now these boats some carried one to sail some carried to say. But. They sail very fast. They were used along the bays in the river for Western. Station and craving boats are these old tools that you say come in. Davis and some shipyard just before it was torn down. Those tools are very crude looking. Most of them were handmade toward. Well we were able to get quite a few items and reconstruct the shop much like it did in the early days. This room here is a

Waterman's room. This shows a life of the fishermen and the woman on the water how they made their living which was a very rough old life. The fishing fleet here at Solomons is nothing like as large as it used to be. I've seen a day when we could see tons of fish landed at the docks heard Solomonson and shipped out. You can't see that anymore. But we still do have quite a number of fishermen out of Solomon. It's very rugged. They have to go out have to try to make a living one way or the other. Some days are waters awful bad and wet stormy rainy. No one really knows for sure what kind of day it's going to be on Thursday where he has really had rough. Start to pray for Friday and we knew that. Already in the treasury and say he's been back to Aber and that's just my

two. Cents. One of our exhibits here at the museum. Of paleontology room. We have numerous artifacts here some dating back. For millions of years. The shelves the fossils which has come from Calvert Cliffs. Although we have numerous displays here such as a shipyard and. The waterman's room. The paleontology room we also have a very interesting thing here. We have the water birds. We have all the large fish we have sitting arrayed which is one of the largest ever caught in the Chesapeake Bay.

Well you and I have a large shark which is very amusing to the young kid. We have acquired the drum and went to light our hair on the museum property. This old white house bill 1983 erected at Drum point Maryland for many years. It showed the lights it might for the ship traveling up and down the bay and the bells are ringing during the fog. When we got to the lighthouse it was on a very very sad condition. All the windows were broken out all the doors were broken out. But there has been a great job done on it and the renovation has come out wonderful. All of the inside has been completed just like it was years ago. We were lucky enough to even have a lady that was born on this flight out to be our decorator.

Put down who had and one of the things that people and children enjoy when they come here to solve them is to take a boat ride on one of the old fishing boats which operates on a regular schedule here at the museum there William B technician a bug eyed be 18:00 and the Skipjack lady came here from St. Michael's. These are beautiful old boats fixed up real purdy and operate just wonderful even though they are artifacts. He is a B B B B. B B B B B B B B B B C is in the.

Studios of the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting. Be. Produced by the Division of instructional television the state Department of Education in cooperation with the division of instruction.

It's so peaceful out here now. The countryside is so beautiful to think back and realize that just a little over 100 years ago during the American Civil War tens of thousands of men were locked in an explosion of human misery the Battle of Antietam. They were fighting for principles but even so it doesn't seem right that so many young men could die here in a single day on this beautiful Maryland ground. Today the site of the Battle of Antietam is still peaceful farmland but it's decorated with iron tablets monuments and memorials to the brave men who fought here on September 17th 1862. I'm Mark Hechler and I've been interested in the battle ever since I saw a re-enactment of it when I was about 10 years old. The Battle of Antietam isn't

as famous as the Battle of Gettysburg but I think it's just as important for more than a year the Confederate South had won nearly every important battle and morale in the union North was very low. Even great Britain seemed ready to recognize the Confederate States and this would have helped the cause of the Confederacy a great deal. As a matter of fact just before the Battle of Antietam the London Times wrote that the union has lost more than battles of Bull Run in Centerville. It has lost the confidence of the people in itself and its generals in its conduct of the war and in its whole system of administration with the capture of Baltimore or Washington both of which are probable. The whole fabric of the northern government will be shaken. The leader of the Confederate forces General Robert Eataly decided to follow up on these union losses by marching into Maryland. He felt it was time for a daring stroke which might end the war quickly and for a while that strategy seemed to succeed. Panic spread throughout the border state of

Maryland and northern state of Pennsylvania as the first southern troops crossed into the north. Opposing generally was Union General George McClellan. McClellan followed leader Frederick Maryland where a union soldier found a lost copy of Lee's battle plan. McClellan then tried to head Lee off at South Mountain but he failed the two armies met head on it. Antietam Creek just east of Sharpsburg. Battle was fought in the remaining places. The morning phase at the corn field the midday phase at Bloody Lane and the afternoon phase at the Burnside Bridge nearly 40000 Confederate troops were facing 87000 Union soldiers. So the North had twice as many men on the field as the South but the South had better leadership. The fighting began at the corn field early on the morning of September 17 1862 before the attack. The Southern troops hid themselves among the tall corn stalks.

The Northern troops who were watching from a nearby hill saw the gleam of bayonets. Among the cornstalks they immediately began to bombard the field with their artillery. Minutes later cornstalks and confederate dead from six until nine in the morning the field changed hands about fifteen times close by at the Dunkel church. Union troops were able to mount an attack but when the union forces poured into the Westwood's back there they were caught in a murderous crossfire that killed two hundred men in just 20 minutes. The reconstructed Dunker church stands today on its original foundations. There are still reminders of the men who fought here. One is this bit of graffiti left by Henry winters of New York who scratched his name on the church and then was supposedly shot soon afterward. At least that's the way the legend goes. The union assault in the cornfield the church and the Westwood was the first phase of the battle of Antietam. More than 10000 men had been killed or wounded but no decision had been

reached. The second phase of the battle known as the midday phase was concentrated at a sunken road which we now call bloody lane. The Union troops attacked across this field toward southern barricades of stacked fences which had been erected along the side of the sunken road. The Union troops marched forward four lines deep and were just like targets in a shooting gallery. More than 5000 men fell before the southern forces were finally driven from this position. Bloody Lane had been taken by the union troops. But General McClellan failed to take advantage of the hard fought victory. He could have walked right through these lines at that point but he didn't. Instead he left it to General Ambrose Burnside who was positioned south of Sharpsburg to apply the crushing blow at the lower bridge sometimes called Burnside Bridge. General Burnside's plan was to push his union troops across this bridge toward Confederate forces who were located on the hill above the bridge from the

Confederate position up there. It's easy to see why the union's plan wasn't so good stationed up there were several hundred Georgia sharpshooters. They had the advantage of high ground. They proceeded to pick off the Union soldiers down here as they tried to cross the bridge in this the afternoon phase of the battle Burnside's attack was onto the bridge only to be cut down by the Southern riflemen. Finally the numerical superiority of the Union forces prevailed and Burnside's men were able to take the bridge on the hill. It was said that the waters of Antietam Creek ran red with union blood. Having arrived here the cost of so many lives. General Burnside then did an unusual thing. Instead of following up his advantage which might have destroyed Lee's army he allowed his men to take a two hour break from one until three on the afternoon of September 17th 1862 while the Confederate forces of General

Robert E. Lee were all but defenseless. The Union Army paused to rest and regroup. It was a break that some claim brought on another two and a half years of war. But perhaps the pause was understandable after all in a single day of battle more than twenty three thousand men had been killed or wounded. No one had seen anything like it. Perhaps that bloodiest day of the American Civil War was simply too horrible to extend any further. Not long afterward general A-P Hill arrived on the scene to provide general lee with badly needed reinforcements in time to halt Burnside's drive. During the following day General McClellan did not attack the southern forces which allowed General Lee to gather his scattered troops. That evening Lee led them across the Potomac River back into Virginia. Now Antietam is quiet once again and word the Maryland monument. It's the only monument on the battlefield dedicated to both Northern and Southern soldiers. Being a border state some Marylanders were for the north. Some were for the South

and so Maryland was symbolic of the split in the nation. It contributed men to both Northern and Southern armies. The remains of four thousand seven hundred seventy six Union soldiers are buried here at Antietam National Cemetery. Most of the Confederate dead are buried at Shepherdstown West Virginia Hagerstown and Frederick Maryland. What did the Battle of Antietam add up to. It was the single bloodiest day of battle in American history. British support for the Confederate cause evaporated. And it was the turning point of the American Civil War because after Antietam the Union began to believe it could win and Tetum was also the first battle in American history where the public could see the true horror of war in photographs. Immediately following the battle two photographers recorded the scenes and exhibited them at a New York gallery. It was so horrifying that one reporter said it was as though the photographers brought

bodies and laid them in our dorm yards and along streets. B B B B B. Were. Recorded on location by the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting. It.

Produced by the Division of instructional television the state department of education in cooperation with the division of instruction. And. I think that I shall never see a poem lovely as a tree a tree whose hungry mouth is pressed against the earth sweet flowing grass. A tree that looks at God all day and lifts her lengthy arms to pray. A tree that may in summer wear a nest of robins in her hand. Upon his bosom. Snow has lain intimately lives with rain. Coins are made

by fools like me but only God. My God. I'm very happy and a native of one male since 1930. The countryside is blessed with many beautiful trees. Perhaps the most famous one of them all is the great white oak right here in Tulsa County. Why is the state of Maryland. The largest right. Or what is believed to be the largest such tree in the United States. The tree is estimated to be over 400 years old. Two of the worst things in the life of our tree came on October 9th on August. When two largest limbs fell to the ground. Leaving the scars from today. The White Oaks things within the confines of Maryland. Welcome to all white chicks.

I'm the Reverend Jeremiah Wright and the rector of this colonial church which was built in 1721. You'll notice the exterior walls of Flemish bond which is a type of building in the Colonial Day. Also please notice that the church faces the river not the road because people in those days came to church mostly by way of the water. The church hasn't always been this well situated but it. Was one time discovered by the Bishop of Maryland to be a stable. However there had been a complete restoration to the year 1949 and we'd like you to see it now. So come on in. As we entered the church we will know that there are certain features here that are different. One is the fact that there are people who are at the height of the window so to protect from grass the other is the side hope

and the pure was created with an Eastern shrive and with hot coals a pale placed in the middle. There are two seats in the pews one for faith and the other one for faith and the one that's in front raises and is held up with a colonial gadget. So one thing and nothing is provided and seating is provided by lording it back. Most of the services are still held in this portion of the church. Neither. Did the Pope but I think it's important to notice the. Sounding board which was a colonial substitute for microphones making sure that everyone could hear. And I think it's important to notice that this cut out of the window was a practical

solution to the lack of light so they could have sufficient visibility on the sermon which took at least an hour to read. Let's look at the record the church on the on her 300 year old space. It is of Spanish origin made of brass. The figures on. St. Christopher bearing the Christ child in the middle of it. This St. Marks the grave of the Rev.. One of the early records of old white church. And here are what are known as the pinnacle. And these stations are the first example of a mammal artwork in the western world. This is the seal of King George the Second. The inscription means God and my right and that's all the white.

This down the road from the old church and the why are the oldest commercial business in both Talbot and Queen Anne's County sitting right on the dividing line between these two eastern shore counties. Is the old one nil. I'm Robert Townsend and I've been the manager here for five months now. This old mill predates the American Revolution. In fact corn was Brown right here for General George Washington and his troops stationed at Valley Forge. Even today corn wheat buckwheat and rice flour are still ground rice doing are trying by water. How did you get this water from the reservoir across the street from there it runs under the road and then comes up and goes over the water. Once the water wheel is moving.

It drives a series of gears inside that makes the whole system run once everything is right. I take the white board into the hopper from the hopper. The green falls onto the cricket board the shaft then vibrates the cricket. And that increases the flow of the grain. The grain then falls through the top shape object which kicks it in between the two stone. Only the top is going rotate doing some grooves on without the grooves the grinding process cannot take place because the grooves actually hold the grain and shift it around. So it is round and chopped up. Of course the grind process forces the grain down this whole. From here it goes down the shaft and it's picked up by humbucking elevator. These elevator take the floor up stairs and drop it down the chute into the center separate the chaff from the flour flows down the

metal and into a bed and a champ fall down. They wouldn't shoot into a bag. The flowers then pipes in the back. So here none of know that you are the green when it comes to flour because of the slow process going on here. We're. Recorded on location by the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting.

This program has been produced by the Maryland State Department of Education Division of instructional television in cooperation with the division of instruction. The right formation of Canada geese can be seen in the sky for

the right leader. Providing the others with a favorable airflow leader's job is exhausting and demanding. So the older Flyers take turns with the head of performance and they come every fall without the aid of a map printed flight schedule or counters or. No highways in the sky for them to travel. Yet they find their way to the same place here. One of the places they come to is the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge on Maryland's Eastern Shore. The Refuge is located just south of Cambridge in Dorchester County and is just one of over 400 wildlife refuges and the National Wildlife just scattered throughout the. United States government set aside a large tract marsh land

freshwater ponds woodland and crop land in Maryland to serve as a resting place feeding ground for numerous animals birds and waterfowl. The Refuge provides water shelter and the living space for wildlife. With the idea that wildlife in the places they live are valuable. When visiting the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge a good place to begin is the visitors center. Hi my name is Deborah Soroti and I've been here many times. I find it fascinating where you find background information on the refuge system in general and Blackwater in particular. There's a beehive.

A muskrat habitat display. Stuffed. Birds. And lots more. One of my favorite exhibits is the Canada goose gray brown bird that is anywhere from 25 to 40 three inches long. It's black head and neck are accented by a light colored breath and distinctive white patch. It's long honking call has earned the Canada goose the nickname honker the backwater Wildlife Refuge has become one of the major wintering areas for BeeGees. In the fall. These kids leave their breeding grounds in Canada and travel along a route

known as the Atlantic Flyway. This route stretches from Canada to the Eastern Shore of Maryland and points farther south. The mass movement of birds from one place to another is called migration. Many birds migrate usually in the spring and fall. There are times in October or November when some 75000 kids may be found here and that's in addition to about 30000 ducks and countless other works. Why such long distances. Of live climate and length of days are all factors of migration. There was also a lot of mystery surrounding flights. Migration is one of the most beautiful and fascinating wonders

of nature. Once outside the visitors center you can go to the observation tower. Walk along a woodland trail or take a scenic wildlife drive. The five mile long wildlife drive wanders through freshwater ponds Warde's fields and marshes of black water. As you drive along you may see birds and mammals living in their natural habitat. And if you're lucky you will see a live bald eagle on one of its resting sites. You might also see a bald eagle from the observation tower. The 20 foot high view will let you get a good look at the different types of marshes and grasslands on the refuge. The woodland trails take you into the woods where the animals live. You may come across a raccoon squirrel rabbit possum or even a whitetail deer.

Unfortunately some of the birds and mammals you see at black water are endangered species that is there are so few of these animals left that there is danger of them vanishing forever. The United States national emblem the Bald Eagle is one of the endangered species. Human disturbances of nesting areas illegal killing and chemical contamination of food sources are some of the reasons why survival for the bald eagle has become so difficult. The Delmarva fox squirrel is another of the endangered species. It's one of the largest

squirrels in North America. The destruction of mature Woodland has pushed this animal to near extinction. The Arctic peregrine falcon is also an endangered species. This large bird nest in the Arctic and uses the Atlantic Flyway to reach the warmer climates of Maryland's Eastern Shore. One of the purposes of the National Refuge System is to conserve and protect our natural resources. A conservationist named Aldo Leopold once wrote like winds and sunsets. While things were taken for granted until progress began to do away with them. Now we face the question whether a still higher standard of living is worth its cost.

In things natural wild and free. We were.

Recorded on location by the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting.