Energy Policies of the Past - Part 1

fb from communication center university of texas at austin this is university for bad the forum is a public interdisciplinary meeting place for the wide ranging world of ideas opinion and analysis recently the brookings institution in washington dc joined with the lyndon b johnson school of public affairs and the lbj presidential library in sponsoring an energy conference energy policy in perspective solutions problems and prospects a panel of experts from throughout the united states gathered at the university of texas at austin to exchange ideas and to discuss energy policy from the post world war two energy efforts to present problems facing america today the brookings institution recently published an analysis of us energy policy as it has evolved since the truman administration the report concluded that the story of

energy policy in the us is largely an account of the failure of genuinely free markets to appear and of the unwillingness of most market participants buyers sellers and the government to allow a free market in energy to develop while using the publication as a basis for discussion in this week's program we'll examine the presidential administrations of common true kennedy and review the history of energy issues facing the nation at that time one element that these administrations had in common was a lack of a clear cut national energy policy but each of these administration's failed on the energy front for different reasons first let's turn our attention to the truman years as presented by sea gerard davidson <unk> davidson is currently an attorney in portland oregon and has also been a consultant on energy issues for the cities of new york and eugene oregon under the truman administration he served as assistant secretary

for mineral resources in the department of the interior from nineteen thirty four to nineteen thirty seven he was an attorney for the tennessee valley authority and served as general counsel of the bonneville power administration from nineteen forty six to nineteen fifty mr davidson give us a brief review of the roosevelt years through the formation of the paley commission which was created by president truman in nineteen fifty two examine the country's natural resources including energy now see gerard davidson i mean what it at the nation as also owe veterans of pa you came up with the same fundamental question when paul rust out asked us to speak to the truman years on energy question was what about roswell well a lot of these countries

will recreate mountains what were the sole workers at all as a hall of electrification lover man who dreamed it like hot water refrigeration or an enabler to grow and bring this nation will leadership is one of roosevelt's new deal gave history the generator will start selling pot will call whether of saw the ultimate consumers so increased demand for what preceded it few provided not only abundant our also flood control and navigation roosevelt's administration about possible ebola grand coulee dam

the finest nuclear chain reaction to a place in the summer nineteen forties through rose colored made funds available or a slight tang r mr holmes well winston churchill talking point for useful again phew we cannot speak of energy economics apology or anything else meaning less water sent out reference to franklin roosevelt all of our memories is usually now as the diner saw this crew i'm as the state of the memory and all says dr drew use of laughter

sinatra call someone announced down to take up the role of what we use a number of libyans oh my heart of this nation to look at the problem to turn its back on the present bankrupt policies of us savvy all of the hot i can follow but he didn't sell it was the us and investigate a major financial manipulation there is private power companies losing heart along with her as well achatz eighty five which one by one go after that experience seemingly awhile of

the electric mileage sadly one farm you can have electricity use at top when roosevelt left all things were like abbreviations up to forty six percent you know our main job was harder work harder to get the local film once a you know this one and a half million additional hall filled by fifty to more than eighty five percent of americans rural areas like immigration is administrative at menstruation added five million kilowatt transmission lines all right on the columbia missouri at least from one who created the paley commission on natural resources when the man's pale of them now chairman of the cds

english individuals submit its new york london in nineteen fifty the publication on energy policies that us law professor mason points out it was no coincidence that one commission was a distinguished economist he saw a supporter shook quality control and bridges <unk> fine chap and one us intelligence says the elites commission is usually and in the event some friends have not gotten up and read that chapter says that the daily commission provided the fleas contrast to the congressional committee is an interim report which said that a full and principled concerned with energy policies

second it brought together energy economists and related specialist from all the relevant parts of jobs as well as from industry and universities as you explore the topic and eva green the point up the differences in perspective and express clearly and succinctly can shrink so will why growth and prosper implicit in the dependence on finite energy resources commission report stated set nature of a five hundred million youngsters go in the ground the stockpiles of awful elevation is now consuming and a clash of geologic time sam will come and perhaps beyond nineteen seventy five when civilizations energy needs will outrun nation's store fossil fuels available for economic unity this happens ways must be found economically harness such unconventional sources as sort of

atomic energy i remember though for what was going with the truman in june and then you probably john's the rope went on the problems in the best way to manage recommendations they're over to an increase in oil imports a gradual shift back to call goran get commercial production on synthetic go out with boys from jiang wei different goal it recommended an underground stockpile are prone to fall on you the best in the past and refining of transportation it's a political research i don't like typical mission least tentative steps towards commercial nuclear file call for a comprehensive energy policy and warren that extends external sources of energy might be cut all in the almost thirty years which of a lapse there has been no comprehensive

study of energy resources and the problems and while that has in any way approach the significance of a pale a commission triple nacho truman did not choose to run for election and it's unfortunate that non of the six six readings administration has implemented the commission's recommendations they spent considerable car in re inventing the wheel eleven states that energy resources receive special attention was the commission was that while major limiting factor and shifting from ski yes for one of the sources of production with your family and fun resources efficiently employment provide for full employment or batman he can his economic policies were the

antithesis of pows and jimmy carter president reagan will continue the high interest rates great unemployment and greater sacrifices models least able to spend i'm not on a nostalgia to take a little i agree with president reagan that we have in all i would say we'll approach the most serious economic crisis since the great british it does seem to me we've forgotten in history inflation and hardship are when truman succeeded at the whole country one sort of the rapidly rising prices and rising inflation he did everything he could to stimulate the economy by increasing production and holding up prices and interest rates with these results boyd thinks inflation was seven point six percent of the human genome and the chance of

one percent on average of three percent unemployment averaged four percent needle goal was down to two point nine percent when he left and believe that mr ewing this very truman wasn't all there was the annual average so that was one point seven billion dollars are now is they actually going full speed ahead were producing around and cutting back and he wished on president some of you when the shortages you a bourbon the growth of our economy is steel companies refused to expand their capacity sam clarence hill's profits in order nine loma high since one in the west business company hadn't won an hour fierce of the

policies which nineteen fifties dior profits were up seventy percent or rosenthal another so obviously the congress will happen controlling an ex or patient and what are so any state of the union message in congress nineteen forty nine ask for recording government loans for expansion of steel production so for a labor shortage and the construction of such facilities director action by private membership rules to meet the knees why is that delgado plants even more than expansion was somewhat less products industry decide to produce and i think that if i'm still an increased forty three percent country's new jersey and neck right

right we'd be controlled consumer prices jump in here now we wait to see whether this the control finds its way into greater company profits now an additional production sources other segments of the mechanic and the use of menthol the past that this is not being new health of a shutdown to cut back there again tax cut is now proposals of whistle stop the owner placed with a few dollars from taxes really look at that uses a higher prices and why shouldn't endanger using it may derive from a tax cut expand plan without plants for the best is not now being used i think that if everest waiter brought down to reasonable levels and

money made available so that we can have our house and unemployment would stay out of such revenues now pouring into the trenches and in a change sides funds are now going to all and a proper being paid out for necessities such as wealth that unemployment and inappropriately from a substantially higher interest on the national debt it interest rates alone response will vote fifty billion dollars of our annual deficit eighty seven now we need to wage and win this man engine will cause alarm and abundant supply of energy used to in the united states is essential if we're going to provide the driving force for

continue expanding economy make the wheels managed and those produced goods or people we have the resources to do it but we must also have the will and the emanations second such as supplies essential to it ed and transport the nation and they will find out love and sensible why it's essential that we reduce our orange not just the fun of it and richard richard man this senator middle class assad ali khan i can provide desperately needed dose of simpsons services for the millions of americans poll about it well and elmo will soon come on charter all cooperation on those who say this is not proper functioning are moderate remote general welfare send the korean war cost it's essential that we ran so all our western civilization this is

not trivial that current popularity of the regressive school oh let's turn back a woodstove country living mr gelbart new energy sources this is a frustrating burden words hidden also have four which is totally unaware when we turned interim strategies set is a full production of fossil fuels it's not because we do not understand that these resources are finite but because they are aggressive development now will until we wage and win the war or alternative energy south korean war returned to the directory we all have a need of the facilities are bewildered nasa calls western civilization will be helpless undeveloped countries

will undergo ourselves fake or conspicuous consumption is not an aberration of omar hello to fight the traffic nightmares of your heart out of shops and the army german japanese lessons usually we will not really and we are going to win this war image of the commons by beating the oil companies all they did we're also not going to limit watch broke international fresh gration are against the go it is only what the leadership of bell and on the shuttle or one gas and public image that we will you live out for members resources abel united

states all the chrysler bailout that's the us will continue to decry government intervention after the facts are at least that level of productivity are unemployed fit this nation will always be too little too late in the economical if the government resigns its responsibility mr assange well being of the country surely we don't expect a male austin texas is a ruse all the energy crisis at our growth really aren't buying our human chief operating officer of general motors government is essential in taking the lead after the fall and assisting where his article on achieving results which

milani this cannot be known this nation continues to dwindle and well while people's call puff smoke about big government instead of talking about what we can't do and pushing a single interest of the limits of this nation's her we must undergo a prequel or and when i think about energy say gerard davidson former assistant secretary for mineral resources in the department of the interior in the truman administration president truman did instruct all government offices to implement the commission's recommendations the three months later eisenhower took office and the momentum seized part of the complacency of the eisenhower and other administrations with regard to the paley reporter was the result of falling commodity prices earlier when the commission was drafting its record prices were on the rise while the paley commission made a significant

conceptual contribution it had a serious fall in that it neglected entirely the environmental questions another big shortcomings as will be discussed by omer bennett was its failure to foresee shortages in energy supply laura bennett you at various times during his career has paid a good deal of attention to energy problems is an attorney in the washington dc law form of lewis owen fellman and coleman is a former undersecretary in the department of the interior and special assistant director of the office of emergency preparedness now to reveal the eisenhower administration elmer bennett i was hanging on i began assuring personally here in ninety four or

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department meaning you here's a theory former assistant secretary in the department of the interior and of the eisenhower administration as the country moved into the nineteen sixties you oil and gas industry felt that minor alterations in price would ensure supplies and oil and gas for the end of the century few moving to the kennedy administration lisi quite will reflect on his years under kennedy remembering that time as a happy period lee white is currently an attorney with quite fine and verville in washington dc he was assistant special counsel to

president kennedy and later special counsel to president johnson in nineteen sixty six he was appointed chairman of the federal power commission and served until nineteen sixty nine is also past president of the consumer energy council of america now lee kwai actually in trade with little exercise and animals and you're only used car owners who were going through while her neighbors are our neighbors absolutely my place ms moris the question about where you say is here and the zoning and worry you synthesize them saw a major story of one who was a widow at all nor jump around a new

policy formulation mechanism anything because says that you were a senator curt selling ads were good ideas get him to resign his money wires and so he's really sort of the idea organizes the white house or time says losing the war was also has a much easier life and obscurity and the things because other presidents he says ricker little known world and when you're

working on these energies use some insight to realize what was going to happen in our power and our oh you're welcome it is an enormously significant event occurred in me any administration i don't think is what was she are sent by one member of our our commission case awarding a license earlier it seems to work republican for awkward

and also said it sad she uses right thing in your recorder reveals yellow center our forces responsibility to at the alternatives and not simply be in a large wing party to come in and for us about an application for certificate it and so the easy to itself and to anyone else would it do that without iranian understand it isn't even goes for a alternative that actually only was the yet they are rock solid gray singing

cause or says that easy singing lessons a ragtag group put together or just to stop this project discover the wonders of administrative practice judicial practice how to handle a problem a previously not really been anywhere near india's point of all that notion that primitive people to realize that we have not paid the full price for our energy to not internalize and even cheating so they were easy especially in america so where's your wine out on the open shot and then we were able to get pregnant polio really the drama going to take years ago are eager to our callers of moral theology forest of you guys

she says wage rate interest lawyer mrs clark says and tj your honor you agree with me earlier comets falling horses we're more attentive you respond to issues and sometimes you trying to spin rooms are those dry

or travel seed quite costly in action just we were trying to do stimuli have the market were the group's resident kennedy got his start in residential trail in west virginia once forgotten set and reagan's first executive already do are regulations already knew it the food stamp program in west virginia earlier election to start and on the trail and because of the whole situation was reading it was a very important thing and there were people walking around the white house

they were as jerry were either your brains or sir is the relationship seventy years our story of all years jack o'leary is here i'm going to job the white house staff political question molloy if you are selling cars wheelchair on a worrier

my guest lu instead of every time the injured workers to the insurance people should allow china her job her russia were you worried jurors

mr jt as you know an excellent job and you've got to recognize you say there is a rising tide lifts all ships things were just going swimmingly economy that turner a four hour or so he did have that really getting your circumstances beyond even more hours in the past week great cars and creative or alert has been busy that was least see white former assistant special counsel to president kennedy and later special counsel president johnson in this week's programme

we've looked at the administration's of three presidents and their individual policies concerning energy next week we'll examine the administrations of president johnson nixon ford and carter and how the optimism regarding energy in the sixties turned towards an energy crisis resulted in the seven days material for this program was taken from a recent symposium at the university of texas at austin entitled energy policy in perspective solutions problems and prospects the conference was jointly sponsored by the brookings institution in washington dc we'll b j school of public affairs at ut austin and the lbj presidential library you've been listening to university forum the forum was produced a public station k u t fm by mary sullivan and is distributed by communication center at ut austin our data this is laura martin ring the