Consciousness Across the Void, Reel 2 of 3

you are now listening to consciousness across the void and i'm peter stokely we have homer humbug in our studio studios with us today and he's going to say a few words a little bit later i've been interested in listening to the news on the radio a listener news radio uh seventy eight WBBM am news radio in chicago at three o'clock in the morning and they say all kinds of interesting things three o'clock in the morning that you don't hear at five thirty in the evening you know for two or three weeks afterwards so as a result sometimes i actually know the script of world events oh two three weeks for example two weeks ago also three weeks ago on this program you heard the following news a

a small band of highly organized international terrorists is raining death and destruction over vast regions of southeast Asia this afternoon it is believed that the terrorists are using jet propelled b fifty two aircraft in their frenzied and unprovoked attacks upon the people of southeast Asia it is believed that uh terrorists have infiltrated the white house itself and it is reported that white house facilities and personnel are being used in a number of illegal operations including wiretapping burglary extortion and sabotage of free elections as well as the terror bombing in southeast Asia. News censorship; a news blackout has been imposed upon north america and the people of

north america are not being told what is occurring in southeast Asia authorities a few radio stations however continued to broadcast the truth authorities say they do not know how long it will be before order is restored well about a week after still occurring terror bombing uh continues in southeast Asia but its beginning to come out in the newspaper and on the television articles about with uh a remarkably similar tone and and similar substance to it it's been revealed that illegal bombing occurred in Cambodia between nineteen seventy in nineteen sixty nine nineteen seventy one that president Nixon knew about the bombing and then uh it wasn't reported that he ordered the bombing but presumably he did and that- that was literally

completely kept from the american people the american people were not told that-that Cambodia was being bombed the united states continues to kill these people in the name of democracy and continues to not tell the people in the united states what is going on uh consequently denying them any possibility of making a decision about whether they think bombs and napalm should be rained down upon the people of Cambodia in a democracy of course the people would a be told about such events and b be given some choice in whether or not it should occur and yet the terror bombing continues uh in the name of democracy another interesting occurrence you where I anticipated the news of course uh i'm not saying that that that I am influencing these events in

any way although that that is my intent I would like to influence these events I would like to influence the Cambodia terror bombing in the direction of getting it stopped for example in another interesting news item I am also told about uh these crews of the president Nader had uh ordered crews of they look like garbage trucks these big white garbage trucks but really they're the automobile disposal units and whenever uh they either roll through towns oh twenty, or thirty of them at a time at a time will come in on the interstate into a town somewhat like Columbia and they will uh gather up any abandoned automobiles they find uh and process them right there on the spot. The the truck is equipped with a complete processing plant and out the back end come bicycles the claw on the front picks up and bends the automobiles

loads them into the hopper in the back and the the truck can convert approximately ten thousand bicyc - uh - ten thousand automobiles an hour into- into to a hundred thousand bicycles and recently I've been hearing from Chicago that- uh just this is occurring that they are gathering up abandoned automobiles and-uh disposing of them of course they do not define what they mean by an abandoned automobile. As far as I'm concerned if any- if somebody parks his car to- to uh go to grocery store something like that leaves his car there well that's- that's abandoned enough for me and I- I'd- I would like- it does give me pleasure to think that- these these disguised garbage trucks are rolling the streets of Chicago- uh processing abandoned automobiles i hear these little news items on the WBBM on news radio Chicago seventy eight in order to listen to it you just tune your F.M. radio to radio

to KFMZ and then switch your set to A.M. and you're all they're- they're on the same frequency one on F.M. KFMZ on F.M. and WBBM is on A.M. and you can only hear them at night due to atmospheric conditions and the fact that they increase power at night also about uh- month ago- no it was two possibly three months ago I was- I predicted that the Nixon impeachment proceedings, that the Watergate hearings would get heavy that-uh Nixon would possibly become impeached and this proceeded to occur I advocated it because of Nixon's illegal acts both in sabotaging the 1972 presidential election as well as attempting to pack the supreme court attempting to stifle Congress, attempting to stifle dissent in the United States,

and attempting, essentially, to create a police state in the United States, and to disregard the Bill of Rights with no knock laws and uh other police state measures. Interesting developments, interesting things one learns, and picks up if one watches the news, listens to the Watergate hearings and, so on. Last night on the C.B.S. Evening News I learned that Nixon has refused to meet with Sam Irvin, now earlier Nixon said he would meet with Sam Irvin so Nixon has told, added, compounded still another lie. He said he'd meet with Sam Irvin, and then he said no no I was lying. I'm not going to meet with Sam Irvin after all .And this apparently got so many people so incensed. I didn't think the Senate would tolerate such arrogance for even a minute. Now when I turn on the radio this morning they say Nixon is

considering not meeting with Sam Irvin, but yesterday they announced on C.B.S. News that he definitely would not meet with Sam Irvin. So these little events get changed according to the reaction that occurs. If nobody had reacted negatively, or sufficiently negatively then Nixon would have gone on, and refused to meet with Irvin, but the outcry that has occurred that another obvious lie from the lips of Nixon, and more of the characteristic arrogance that has characterized his administration now they're saying well maybe he won't, but if he hadn't wanted to meet with Irvin he shouldn't have said he was going to meet with him in the first place. so a pattern of deceit and deception has emerged- emerged from The White House. Nixon was obviously made literally psychosematically

ill by the Watergate proceedings. Things were just getting so heavy that he could no longer cope with- with playing President, with coming to work every morning and-uh coping with- with jobs at the White House ,so he-he just rested in the hospital for seven days, and he probably felt quite sick over the impeachment proceedings that were proceeding against him so Ziegler, or somebody some- somebody in charge of making up propaganda decided to tell the people Nixon had viral pneumonia.The theory behind this obviously being that the american people are essentially a guilt ridden crew and that pretending to be sick, seriously sick which viral pneumonia is a serious illness killing approximately twenty percent of the people Nixon's age who catch it. Apparently somebody, Ziegler, or Nixon, or somebody in the White House figured that claiming to have

viral pneumonia would elicit sympathy from american people and would take the Watergate heat off that the guilt tripping american people would would feel so much remorse over for picking on poor Tricky Dick that they would that they would just forget all about impeaching him. Well, it didn't work and when it didn't work Nixon decided he'd better drop the viral pneumonia story, so seven days later seven days after contracting a disease that kills twenty percent of the of the sixty year old men who catch it. Nixon was perfectly well, and uh- went to work uh- in the office the next morning. A record time for recovering from viral pneumonia, and the thing is that the newsmen the people who do know what's going on. The ones that are in the country's elite as far as directing, and influencing political events is concerned are

fully aware of this- the, your so called straight news announcers that you hear on the radio they say well Nixons out of the hospital with his viral pneumonia- ha ha, and they know what's going on, and yet they continue to broadcast things that they know are lies. So it is very very revealing and educational the Watergate events for anybody that wants to attempt to understand how propaganda works, and how totally cynical fascistic the Nixon regime is. Nixon they said Nixon was last night on the news when they said Nixon had decided not to meet with Irvin as he promised he would they also said that Nixon had decided to start a counter attack, a counter campaign against Watergate well the only counter campaign he has to start if he's not guilty is to come on television, hold a press conference, and tell people his side of the

story, but that's too simple. He doesn't want to do that, he- he wants to start counter campaign, but he doesn't want to say anything which just shows the total cynicism,and corruption of the morally bankrupt Nixon regime. You see interesting things on television on C.B.S. uh- at five o'clock last Sunday. They had a re- a- replay of Edward R. Murrows. See it now. Edward R. Murrow was sort of the Walter Cronkite of our parents' generation. I like Edward R. Murrow a lot better than I like Walter Cronkite, and on- on that broadcast of See It Now, Murrow took on the McCarthy inquisitors, and uh- held a very uh- courageous broadcast, and

tried to reveal some of the- the nasty things they were up to, trying to ruin careers, and discredit people for- for having people in their families that believed in communism, but that's- I think this program is going be on today at five also. Another Edward R. Morrow See It Now broadcast from C.B.S. Back in the fifties. Another thing I saw on the television was the- the ship the Andrea Dorea sank off the coast of Massachusetts seventeen years ago this month in 1956 and they had Douglas Edwards flying around in an airplane over the sinking ship, and narrating the sinking of the ship well now it's tipping over and the swimming pools are in the water and the funnels are going under and blublubloop, and bubbles are coming out. Andrea Doria is sinking. This is seventeen years ago, and it's one of the first news events I can remember. I was

six years old at the time, and I remember reading in a newspaper. Must have just learned how to read that the about the sinking of the Andrea Doria off the coast of Massachusetts. So, it's hard to believe that I can remember seventeen years of history, but as i say this program Consciousness Across The Void as far as I know is the only program originating in Columbia in which one who lives in Columbia can hear analysis of national and world events that originates in Columbia. When one turns on one's radio or television to a local station and listens to- listens to analysis of events it's usually tape recorded in New York, or- or Washington, or someplace like that, and shipped out to the hinterlands here. Sure Rod

Gillette occasionally has analysis on- uh- on the KOMU television channel eight but he always analyzes local events. Columbia is the educational center of Missouri. Columbia is a very central region. It's right in the middle of the United States. As the educational center of the state of Missouri, and as such a part of the universe. It's time for Homer Humbug Muses. Many of our right thinking citizens are unaware of Columbia's sweeping history. Being a man of vast historical learning Homer Humbug will enlighten right thinking Columbians of its past. Bear in mind that he has given artistic license to commit mayhem on the air. take it away homer. Ah yes little

do they realize what a great citadel of culture their bold dreams would turn into. I am referring of course to our brave pioneering forefathers who founded Columbia from the large industrial cities of the east populated mostly by tutti-fruity fruities they set out to The Midwest to find their fame and fortune. They were a band of brave and sturdy adventurers who are led by Erick Mad Dog Cassidy and the singing wagon masters. Undaunted by the worst sort of adversity including attacks upon their wagons by wild redskins, they finally reach their destination. The site of Columbia Missouri. Mad Dog Cassidy exclaimed when he saw the site. Fair site future metropolis of the Midwest, and Queen of the Ozarks. I christen thee Columbia. Let no man enter your gates who does not know geometry, and that was the dramatic birth of that fine city the future cosmopolitan center of the cosmos. In the early days it was with the sweat off their backs and exertions of their muscles that our ancestors built the city.

Future generations have admirably lived up to the legasty- legacy bestowed upon them by Mad Dog Cassidy, and the progress of Colombia towards the ideal state has been even greater than the progress of Hegel's Prussian State. Columbia's not always been a model city of refinement, and culture however. It was wide open, and wild even as far back as 1968. I need only think of the daring swashbuckling of the firebrand Paul Showalter or the intrigues of dean, and student Jack Matthews to remind myself was a frontier town it was back then. Yes I can say with pride that I lived back in that rugged era and I'm still alive and kicking it was the time that tried men's metal and only the fittest like myself survived. The long history of Columbia's progress is finally culminated in its golden age. It is the Byzantium of the Ozarkia empire eclipsing such paltry competitors as Saint louisan jefferson city it is unfortunate that much of its transient population of pampered students are unaware of its great historical tradition. A tradition

Covering events is as wide as Phil Ochs or the issue newspaper which is now defunct. In order to pay true homage to this eternal city raise your glasses high at your next party and toast in a crystal clear voice, "Here's to Mad Dog Cassidy and his great legacy our fair city, Columbia!" Thank you, Peter. Thank you, Homer. As usual, Homer Humbug promises to accept all responsibility for anything he says. And a group of Jesus Freaks is, happens to be staying in the house in which I live. There must be thirty of them running around. In these, the presence of these people and a few of them, one of them was talking with me about, saving myself and becoming saved and this, this inspired me to jot down a few thoughts about Jesus Freaks. I wrote this down.

It's entitled 'Speak to us of Jesus Freaks' by Peter Stokely. Incidentally, the Jesus worshipping cults are dying out in North America and presumably in much of the rest of Europe. [clears throat] The article begins, "Jesus freaks condemn themselves to an eternity of future trip limbo That is, they consciously decide to focus their attention and energy upon a place that is not here, namely heaven, and a time that is not now, namely the future after they die. We disdain these lumps of matter, our bodies, in which we are imprisoned they say and we are not interested in this Veil of Sorrow, the Earth, on which we are stuck for this trial period which exists only for the purpose of determining whether or not we get to go to

Heaven. If we are good we get to go to Heaven and live with Jesus forever. If we are bad, big bad bearded daddy in the sky trap door lever and we will fall all the way to Hell. The Jesus cults are based primarily on fear and guilt for this very reason. A Jesus Freak believes that if he only asks Jesus into his heart he becomes quote saved unquote and will go to Heaven no matter what hideous sins he commits during the remaining years of his life. The Jesus Freak Thus, the Jesus Freak feels that he can safely commit sins even though he continues, of course, to be consumed with the guilt he has always felt about the way he has always lived his life both

before and after his melodramatic conversion to Jesus during which time he supposedly became permanently saved and absolved of any bothersome need to pay any attention to how he lives his life now. Thus, it is that a Jesus Freak can cheerfully continue to drive an automobile even after the ecologists have told him that driving an automobile is not only a sin but a very serious sin. Namely, the sin of incest. After all, screwing one's own mother is incest and it remains incest whether we speak in biological terms, Biblical terms, anthropological terms, emotional terms, or

metaphorical terms. In anthropology class, I learned that all cultures have some form of incest taboo. What they neglected to tell me is that the primitive societies of North America and Western Europe have no such taboo when it comes to raping good old Mother Earth. As the television margarine commercial so aptly expressed it, you can get yourself in a heap a trouble and you can get yourself in a heap of trouble hunchin' around with old ma Earth. Melodramatic, erratic, chaotic, and intense changes of ideology such as those that usually accompany conversion to modern day Jesus cults have been in my experience signs of some deep rooted absence in

the existence not only of Jesus Freaks but many other intensely religious people I have known. They live neither here nor there. They are not fully in the present on the earth, because their attention and energy is usually directed toward heaven and the afterlife rather than towards here, in North America, and now, in July 22, 1973 at a few minutes before twelve o'clock noon Central Stokely Time. That is to say, sun time. The sun is not yet straight overhead. That is it is not yet due South. I am opposed to Daylight Savings Time because it prevents people from knowing which way South ,if they have a watch and the sun is shining. It also prevents them from knowing

exactly which way is East and West as long as the sun's position is visible and the sun is not straight overhead but reasonably close to the Eastern or Western horizon. You have the twenty three in one half degree inclination of the celestial equator with respect to the ecliptic or zodiac as astrologers call it, is also helpful for this purpose. Thursday, it is that the modern day Jesus worshipers have subverted the simple and sublime teachings of Jesus Christ making them a justification for sin and immoral as well as unecological behavior. Of course, moral and immoral are terms I use only in relation to the way I live my own life. As F Scott Fitzgerald said in 'The Great Gatsby,'

"I'm inclined to reserve all judgments. A habit that has opened up many curious natures to me." Nevertheless, I do analyze and observe the behavior of other people and attempt, and I attempt to apply what I learn to how I live my own life. So far. I've had a lot of fun. Indeed, the movie that flickers across the back of my retina resembles strongly a movie by Fellini or a painting by the Spanish painter Romero de Torres, a painter who lived and painted in the Spanish city of Cordoba in Andalusia in Southern Spain. Torres died, I believe, sometime during the nineteen fifties and his paintings are in the Romero de Torres Museum in

Cordoba, Spain. I saw his painting, his paintings in the Romero de Torres Museum in Cordoba just before I thought up my now famous 'everybody is crazy' theory, otherwise known as my 'these apes are spaced' theory. And these apes are indeed spaced. [Music] [Music]

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[Music] [Music] [Music] I have some bad news for you. The French hydrogen bomb test which the en- whole of Europe has been protesting, about which there has been a news blackout in the United States, has occurred. Yesterday, the French, over the protest of the world in violation of the ruling of the World Court, exploded a hydrogen

bomb in the atmosphere over Moruroa atoll, atoll near Tahiti in the South Pacific. In the earthquake zone that surrounds Japan, the Philippines, New Guinea, and New Zealand. I had heard on the radio earlier the reports from the ships, the New Zealand ships that were steaming into the test area. The French government took, boarded these ships and the radio, the radio operator had to make his last broadcast because the ship was taken over. After that, nothing was heard from those ships. Yesterday, that hydrogen bomb test was conducted. The French did explode that hydrogen bomb in the atmosphere. The radiation should not be drifting toward North America for another, three to four days possibly as long as a week depending on atmospheric conditions. As some of you may know, I've long been interested in the, in the

problem posed by the existence of hydrogen bombs. In 1972, I ran for President. on the 'dismantle the bomb' ticket; held a 'ban the the bomb' rally and declared that if these weapons were not taken apart soon we might all die in a fiery a nuclear holocaust that would destroy Western civilization. I've been thinking about this, thoughts about it a couple of days ago. I was somewhat depressed for as much as a day thinking about it and I, I, I've come to the conclusion, I have come to the conclusion that the nuclear bombs probably will go off. At this point there is probably, it is probably unlikely that a nuclear exchange, a nuclear

war, an atomic holocaust can be averted. There are too many spaced out apes running around on the planet playing with bombs. Of course, I will continue to denounce these bombs, continue to do everything in my power to, to get these bombs dismantled, and get these missiles defused, and and deactivated so they can't go off and so they can't kill you, kill me, and destroy western civilization. But these bombs had already been made in their silos emerged into any kind of consciousness at all into what was going on people were already playing with them. Many of the decisions relevant to this matter were made long before I was born. And so, there are finite limits on what I can do. I cannot change the

fact that human beings are free. We are free to live harmonious, meaningful, rich, enjoyable, peaceful lives and we're also free to create for ourselves a Hell on Earth; paved over, strip mined, the birds killed by insecticides, that the people killed by nuclear radiation and fallout. 250 square miles of the state of Nevada is, has already been covered with radioactive material from a nuclear accident and it is, this area is now uninhabitable. A per-, a human being cannot go into this 250 square mile region of the state of Nevada without being exposed to a lethal dose of radiation. This is something else that has been hidden from the national news media.

How does this all relate to you? Why am I telling you that during the next two, I would say during the next two years you and I will both probably be dead? And during the next five years it is even more likely that we'll be dead; killed in a nuclear exchange. There, there are, there are three and a half billion spaced out apes running around back and forth on the planet Earth and at any given instant 24 hours a day at least two million of these apes are talking at once. And this is the condition in which we find ourselves. The Newsweek article lists the nuclear club and has the countries that have ICBMs; US and USSR. That have land based intermediate range ballistic missiles; the USSR, China, and France. That have sea based weapons, that is

nuclear submarines, and those nations are the United States, the Soviet Union, and Britain. The nations that are testing in the atmosphere and those are China and France. And the nations that are testing underground and that is the United States and the Soviet Union. France is setting off hydrogen bombs in the Pacific not to learn how to make hydrogen bombs, because they already know how to make hydrogen bombs. The purpose of setting off these hydrogen bombs in the Pacific is to feed France's ego trip. To, to feed their, their national pride. And this is the kind of example France is setting for the rest of Europe. What if the other countries in Europe start doing the same thing? What if Germany starts setting off nuclear bombs in the Pacific? What if England and Italy and India and Israel and Ja-, well Japan

has been pretty cool about it. But what if all the other countries in, in Europe start also setting off hydrogen bombs to the show how powerful they are, how long do you think this situation can go on? Well, it's clear to anybody that, that pays any attention to it at all that this situation cannot go on very much longer. It would be extremely improbable, I said last week the improbability, sheer improbability itself was the only thing keeping us alive from instant to instant. And the only thing about being kept alive by probability, improbability is that it probably won't keep you alive very long. It is possible that we can go on bumbling around making the wrong decisions, choosing to strip mine and insecticide and deforrest and pave our entire planet. And one planet in a hundred can probably get away with this you know and still play with nuclear bombs

and just by sheer chance not blow themselves up. And since one planet in a hundred can probably do this, one planet out of a hundred it will happen on. And we may be on that one planet. If somebody had asked me five years ago in 1968 'Peter, do you think we're likely to last five more years playing with nuclear bombs? Do you think we're likely to live until 1973?' Unless the, you know, if the bombs are not dismantled I would've said 'no, I consider this very unlikely; chances are against it.' And yet here we are sitting here alive. Well, if, if somebody, you know, it's, it's unlikely to throw pair dice and roll seven five times in a row. If somebody asked me 'do you think I can throw these dice roles five sevens in a row?' I would say 'no, I don't think that's likely.' But then the person might pursue to go right ahead and do it. It does happen one time out of a

thousand, or one time out of five hundred whatever the odds are. So, I think we will probably be destroyed by our, uh, by nuclear bombs, by the warrior cults who refuse to listen to the people who want peace and who whose decisions were made long ago. These people decided to hold World Wars two and one. And right now they're preparing World War two or World War three as feverishly as the can. Preparing to hold it as elaborately, to have a sophisticated and an elaborate weapons as possible, in order to be very well prepared for war. We're spending eighty billion dollars a year to be well prepared to hold the apocalypse. How much are we spending to be prepared for peace? Before World War two, before World War one, everybody in Europe wanted to be well prepared to hold World War one,

to hold World War two. How much attention was being paid to being well prepared for peace, in the event that peace occurred? How much energy, how much money, how much attention did these civilizations direct toward being prepared for peace? This country is spending eighty billion dollars a year to be well prepared to hold World War three. How much money are we spending not to be well prepared to hold World War three? How much money are we spending to be prepared, well prepared to not hold World War three? How much money how much attention are we paying to being prepared for peace? Is any body preparing for peace? Is anybody directing their lives toward survival? Yes, some people are. In the midst of chaos, in the midst of people making mistakes, fear crazed wrong decisions, there are people running around making the right decisions and responding as appropriately as

they can to the conditions in which they find themselves. Some people are planning to live more than the next twenty years. The petroleum is scheduled at present rates of consumption to run out in twenty years. Plenty of people say that does not concern them. Why does it not concern them? Is it possible that these people do not plan on there to be a civilization here on the Earth twenty years from now? Maybe this is why they're not concerned. Maybe they feel that that by the time their ego trip has resulted in all the oil being used up, uh, their other ego trip will have resulted in the destruction of Western civilization anyway. This is why they're not concerned. But some people are planning to live for the next million years, for the civilization to live and prosper and evolve toward higher awareness and consciousness for the next

one million, possibly the next three million, the next five million years. Everything on this planet that's needed, everything on Mother Earth to provide for man to live for five million years is here. There's enough petroleum, there's enough food, there's enough sunlight, there's enough air, there's enough of everything. Enough clay to make bricks and cities, enough limestone to build buildings. There's enough of everything on this planet to last us three to five million years if we use it wisely. It's as if we were in a house, say you're in a house and the house is all equipped with everything you need to live for a year. It has enough fuel oil, enough natural gas stored in tanks to cook your food and heat your house for a year. But Western man is sound asleep in that house and the hot water tap is running the gas is, is on, the, the

gas is leaking out of the furnace, and the furnace is on, and Western man is asleep. And in one day that year's supply of cooking fuel and water and heating fuel is going to be gone. In one day. And then it's gonna be 364 days of shivering, of not being able to cook food, of not having hot water. That's the situation we're in now; Western man is asleep at the wheel. And as many of us in this automobile culture know it is not habit forming to go to sleep at the wheel for any long period of time. I'm not telling anybody anything that anybody isn't already aware of. I'm reading these things about the nuclear weapons from Newsweek magazine. And the people that are doing this are partially aware of what they're doing. So, I do predict in all

probability this civilization will destroy itself quite easily sometime this year probably sometime before the end of nineteen seventy five two and a half years from now i would say very very probably almost certainly within five years by the end of nineteen seventy eight again due to the astronomical phenomenon of improbability the planet could last longer than that even if western man does not wake up even if we continue to not pay any attention to what we're doing and the way the way this relevant to how you are living your life is that if you're gonna be reassigned if the cosmic administration is going to reassign you and me to another planet we'd better be living harmoniously we had better not be consuming our planet because when we get to that other planet we want some petroleum to be there, those of us who have not consumed all the resources on this planet will be reassigned

to a planet where they will be resources remaining. Those on this planet who have been most active in turning this planet into a desert of concrete and strip mined uh waste land. They will be reincarnated, I believe, on planets that had been totally destroyed in this fashion. It hasn't happened to the earth yet and it doesn't have to happen. Irre- some, some irreversible ecological damage already has occurred. It will take a quarter of a million years before the radiation that was spread over nevada completely disappears. A radioactive pollution. Which you can't see or smell has a half life of a quarter of a million years. These are the consequences of acts that we are doing on this planet right now, so we can have our electric toothbrushes are electric can openers. These are playing with these machines and toys its ok to play with toys just so the toys

so people asked me how i can be happy i am happy i'm planning to live my whole seventy or eighty years. We must assume that will survive even though it is unlikely in shear mathematical probability terms it is unlikely that this civilization will survive very much longer. With a combination of good luck and and deciding that we're going to wake up and start paying attention and cut out the nonsense; the nuclear testing and the strip mining and the automobile consumption of the of all our grandchildren's oil, if we wake up and decide to quit doing that and if we have good luck we will survive here on the Earth. If we, if only a few of us wake up and everybody else stays asleep then those that remained asleep will be shipped off to some, uh, inconceivably subtle and yet

terrible tortures that the universe reserves for the people that rebel against it, uh, with the most defiance. The universe attempts to encourage us to evolve appropriately and to discourage us from uh from ruining our own lives. And the universe does have subtle punishments for people that don't cooperate with it this, we can all see this in every day. And each person and each living animal is in its own karmic predicament and this is this is why we can be happy cause we can live right even in this consumerist culture. We can ride a bicycle as I do. Recently got a new bicycle. and we can we can we can consume as little as we can and remain alive in this consumerist

culture. I consume coal both using this transmitter which i understand uses two hundred watts as much as two one hundred watt light bulbs I do use light bulbs at night consuming coal and tungsten I try to use fluorescent bulbs as much as I can. And I consume natural gas cooking. Natural gas at present rates of consumption is scheduled to run out within eleven years by 1984. So, I just thought you might like to know what's going on in the uh the field of world events and the Columbia events that are inextricably interrelated with them, and, uh what the chances of survival are. They're not, they don't happen to be very good. People ask me why don't I broadcast more good news. Well, I would ask those people 'why don't you make more good news?' i'm i'm i'm just a reporter. I just broadcast what's what

happens what decisions other people make. It's up to those people to make decisions and to create good news. The French didn't have to set off that hydrogen bomb. I wish I could report a good news; the French decided to wake up and not have the symbolic defeat for the forces of life on the Earth, not contaminate the atmosphere of the earth with with the fallout from a hydrogen bomb, but the French would not listen to the storm of protests that swept Europe and that continues to sweep Europe over these protests, although a news blackout has been imposed on the United States concerning this this event. Enough for denouncing the hydrogen bomb. There will be a benefit for KOPN on Tuesday July twenty fourth. That's this Tuesday. It will be at 8:30 pm at the eighteenth amendment. The band 'October' will play with

Kathy Helmick, Greg Camp, Steve Hutchinson in songs with acoustics, and Calamity Jane will attempt to play rock n roll. There is a one dollar donation for the electricity here at this station. one must be twenty one to go into the eighteenth amendment. This is a KOPN benefit this Tuesday July twenty fourth at 8:30 in the evening at the Eighteenth Amendment and I hope I see you there. Bonnie wasn't, didn't come in until one o'clock this afternoon longer than I ordinarily do. I usually go off the air at twelve thirty. So, Bonnie, I believe will be coming on in just a couple minutes at one o'clock. This has been Peter Stokely

and Consciousness Across [Music] [Music] [Music]

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started that good afternoon here at high noon in Columbia, Missouri. Welcome to the inside world this is Consciousness Across Peter Stokley Hi, it's nice to be in your radio this afternoon riding those electrons through those wires through those germanium oxide rectifiers. HI OH ELECTRON AWAY ELECTRONS THROUGH THE ETHER WEEEEEEE AHHHHHHHHHH I want to go around for another loop! Folks you wouldn't believe the machine we have here in our subterranean studios here in British Columbia consciousness and communications conspiracy

we have these mechanical and electronic devices that accelerate one through the ether at approximately the speed of light. where upon one ZZZZZZIPs into people's antennas and just floats around through those through those diodes, through them triodes, past them variable capacitors er um dead air time there there's there's dead air lying around here I failed completely to record last Sunday's show the time, I went through a time warp while I was doing it the first twenty minutes seemed like about two minutes. So, this time I have to try to be more continuous if anybody out there did happen to record last

Sunday's Consciousness Across the Void would they please call the studio after the program I seriously doubt that it was recorded but anything's possible in this most improbable of all possible worlds. oh i want to tell you about a triple obvious gestalt hallucination I had the night before last. We were sitting around in this basement room there where I live and there was something on the floor. The guy said 'Is that water?' floor in this candle lit room and we looked closer and said no, no that was just an obvious gestalt hallucination. It's really just a dried up patch where there used to be a puddle of water. Uh, no? no? wait that's not what it was. And it wasn't. It was the shadows of wires being cast on the floor by a candle.

It was a triple obvious gestalt hallucination. In case you don't know what, well, I just made up the concept of an obvious gestalt hallucination. What it is is when you see a shadow on the ground and you think it's it's a leaf or you see a leaf and you think it's a shadow. Something like that where uh you're obviously hallucinating if you look more closely at whatever it was you thought was whatever it was. But when you start having triple obvious gestalt hallucinations it does make you wonder. 'cause first you say 'why that's a puddle of water water. oh, no it's not. it's just a dried up patch where there used to be a water. no it's not that's not what is it is. it's the shadow of electric wires and cords that are hanging down from the table, uh, cast by the candle there on the floor. How far does reality extend before it resolves into

reality? Nobody knows. This is related to Plato's allegory of the cave which I haven't read yet so uh those tales of Plato and Socrates are really good good. um the accounts of Socrates trial where he was trying to talk them out of, uh, giving him this hemlock cocktail back there in Athens in 399 BC and he was a really doing his best, he was doing a good job he uh he convinced a third third of them but the other two thirds said 'naw, Socrates, you're just gonna have to go.' Poor Socrates. Socrates was seventy when he went though he uh he seemed to have considerable fun there back in Athens in the fourth century before Christ. I was telling

telling I was meditating last week about feedback and uh the nature of radio in that it's not like talking with people in person in the sense that one doesn't get any instantaneous feedback. one just has to be ready to talk without necessarily seeing or hearing how people are reacting to whatever it is one happens to be saying. Heck, when I would uh get up at a band during intermission or at a rock concert something and delivery a few inspirational thoughts if I'd tell a joke say people were would go ehh uhh that was bad you know. then I'll say 'well I won't use that one next time.' If everybody laughs then I'll say 'Well, that's a good one. I'll file that away in my memory cells and use it again' you know but uh you know such doesn't exist with the radio and one just has to accept that reality. Besides radio does permit ones megalomaniacal fantasies to just

just go wild, just simply go ape. For those of you who are not familiar with megalomania, megalomania is a mental disorder just like pyromania or cleptomania. Megalos is the the Greek word for a big and mania of course is the, I guess Greek word for uh, uh crazy. So a megalomaniac is somebody that has that is crazy with regard to big things. Things like that, you know. History and all that, We have Columbia's very own cosmic megalomaniac in person right here in our studio they're bringing him out now. More conciousness, more communication,

more ecology, more life, more everything. Back, back cosmic megalomaniac. Back I say. More everything, more consciousness, more consciousness, more consciousness, Back, back I say. Back megalomaniac. Take him back to his uh quarters. All this fresh air has gotten him all worked up. The excitement's, all the people all this light, take him back to his quarters. Einstein's Theory, I promised some theoretical contradictions and it's true Einstein was wrong when he set the speed of light as the speed limit of the universe. Actually, there's a very good theoretical basis for the possibility that we may be able to journey to the other stars not in years but in mere hours or days perhaps even

minutes nobody knows but Einstein's belief that nothing could be accelerated past the speed of light was based on his theory of mass increase for relative acceleration which stated that as something was accelerated from a stationary position it would commence to way more and have more mass. So so if you started out at rest with just a pound accelerated it to three quarters of the speed of light it would no longer just weigh a pound, it would weigh ten pounds. And to accelerate it the next ten percent of the speed of light you would need a lot more energy you'd need to convert the moon into pure energy, and uh propel it out the back of your nozzles there in you're ion drive engine and even this would only result in you're going 89 percent or ninety five or ninety eight percent of the speed of light. And by that time your one pound lead ball would

weigh several hundred thousand tons and it would be very difficult to push it any faster. So, said Einstein. Well, this contradicts the basis for Einstein's Theory to begin with because the basis for Einstein's Theory is that there is no absolute motion. All motion is relative to something else. You can say I am standing still relative to this building but I am rotating around the Earth. Carried along with the Earth's rotation at uh six hundred miles per hour. I'm being being carried around our star the sun to at eighteen miles a second and this sun is rushing away from galaxies on the remote peripheries of the universe at eighty

percent of the speed of light so actually it is true that we are traveling at eighty percent of the speed of light. It's also true that were standing still. Einstein's Theory abolished most contradiction. Einstein just discovered that contradiction is essentially there's so little of it that it's negligible and to tie this in with what I was saying about accelerating things faster if these balls, if these balls really did increase in mass we would not, we could not accelerate one of them. We could accelerate two of them. Two one pound lead balls and we'd accelerate them up to oh seventy percent of the speed of light or we wouldn't even have to go that far just thirty percent of the speed of light and by then they would both weight considerably more well actually we'd have to go about ninety ninety five percent of the speed of light. And when you

started going that fast the balls, the lead balls would weigh so much that they would start to pull on each other just like the Earth pulls on the Moon because they both weigh so much. When these one pound iron lead balls started weighing as much as the Moon or the Earth they'd pull on each other as hard as the moon pulls on the earth which is considerable they really have to rotate fast fast in order not to just to pull one another into each other and if the lead balls which had previously just weighed a pound were now pulling on each other with several veral tons we would know how fast we were going. We could say well these three inch in diameter lead balls are pulling on each other with a force of eighteen pounds so their specific gravity must be several million tons per cubic inch therefore we are traveling at eighty percent, eighty seven percent of the speed of light.

But it was Einstein himself who using the Michelson Morley experimental data showed that there is no absolute motion you can't conduct any tests just in a room and say I am going to zero miles an hour or I am going sixty miles an hour or I am going three thousand miles an hour. If you're just in your space capsule and the windows are all closed and the rocket engines would shut off, you're no longer accelerating, there's no experiment you can perform to see how fast you're going any more than if you're say in a train you suffer the bumps if you couldn't look out the window so you're you're in the room with no window in a train, and except for the bumps you don't have any way to know that you're moving or standing still, feel an occasional bump. If it's a real smooth train you can't feel anything when you're looking out a car window and you see, you see a car start to go backwards, and you say "wow that car is

going backwards" and you're like, no, no I'm, I'm moving forward the car starts and it takes you a while to sort those things out, you know. That's because there really is no absolute velocity, no absolute motion. You can say I am standing still relative to this building, relative to this surface of this planet and it's true. And you can say I am moving at eighteen miles a second relative to the Solar System and that's true. And you can say I'm being carried with the star I'm revolving around at several thousand miles per second as I go through the galaxy, as the gal- Milky Way Galaxy rotates. This is the fiftieth anniversary of the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way Galaxy has

rotated fifty times since it was formed, or since they think it was formed. There's, few people seriously contend that galaxies are eternal. Most agree that they would undergo evolution just as stars, or people, or anything does, anything material, which is all subject to time. All we lumps of matter are subject to time. [Singing] It's fun being a lump of matter, a lump of matter, a lump of matter. It's fun being a lump of matter in the universe. It's it's fun riding

around the sun, around the sun, around the sun. It's fun riding around the sun. In the universe. [end song] I have some news items here. Men report seeing edge of the universe by Walter Sullivan. Astronomers believe they have seen the edge of the universe. Now, ah, nonsense. there is no edge of the universe. Well, life in the newly discovered object has probably taken twelve billion years to reach the Earth traveling at three hundred thousand kilometers a second ... it's only twelve billion light years away that's, that's nowhere... there is no edge to the universe. Someday we may be visited by a spaceship that's been traveling for twelve billion light years and they'll land on Earth next to a Colonel Sanders fried chicken, Colonel San-, Colonel

Sanders Cosmic fried chicken station there and they'll get out of their saucer and they'll ask "have we made it yet?" "Are we to the edge of the universe yet?" We knew we were way out on the periphery but are we anywhere near the edge? Do you know if the edge is anywhere near here?' 'No, man. We seem to be in the middle ourselves.' 'Ah, no.' It takes twelve billion years for light to get, now this big bang theory has been alternatively interpreted by the Stokely Chadwick Shrink Theory. Chadwick, by the way, Gayland Chadwick for some of you who know him, is on his way back, will be coming back from Switzerland in the first part of this May and he and I have a theory that actually universe isn't expanding the matter in it is shrinking. All matter is

shrinking. This is a static universe theory. A similar theory was proposed in nineteen thirty by an astrophysicist named Milne who in the nineteen thirties said that the universe was static and there were time discontinuities occurring across space as the light came from remote galaxies. And this explained the Hubble Red Shift. By the way, today's program is dedicated to everybody who lives on Hubble Street and Shockley Street here in Columbia. Now, the Hubble Red Shift data is based on Hans Christian Doppler's famous Doppler Effect which we are all familiar with. Anybody who's ever stood by a railroad crossing when a train went by has heard it go WOOHOO [continues dipping train sound] [continues dipping train sound] the

pitch of the sound increases as the moving object approaching to and it decreases as the object moves away from you. Well, light does the same thing as it comes out of stars. If a star is coming towards us the frequency of the light is increased or shifted toward the blue or short wavelength end of the electromagnetic spectrum, and as a galaxy recedes from us or apparently recedes as it has been recently theoretically discovered by two American as a galaxy recedes from us it's wavelengths are, are lengthened toward the red end of the spectrum and it's called the red shift. So, all you have to do is point a spectro scope at a star or a spectrograph

and take a spectrogram and compare it with a laboratory spectrum and see how much the spectrum has shifted over, and you can just see how fast the galaxy is moving away from us. Sure enough the farther away galaxy is the faster it appears to be moving away from us. This isn't a heliocentric theory of the universe where the Milky Way galaxy is in the center of the universe and everything else is expanding away. It's more like a dots on a balloon. If you paint a bunch of little ink dots on a balloon and start blowing up the balloon, every ink dot moves away from every other ink dot and each one sees all the others moving away from it The farther away they are, the faster they move away. And this was the model used back in the Hubble Big Bang Theory days of stellar astronomy before it was discovered that it's not the galaxies moving away from each other. They all stay pretty much in the same place. Everything stays in the same

place, stationary. Except for random movement and all matter is shrinking. See our rulers are shrinking If you woke up tomorrow morning and you were only three feet tall you, you'd been six feet tall day before and you didn't notice it and you say walked over to the, to the war memorial, or something like that, and it had shrunk too, but it hadn't moved any closer to make up for your shorter feet, which it wouldn't in the, in the universe since the space doesn't connect anything with anything else. Then you would say wow it sure takes a lot of steps to get out of the student union. you'd say it must of moved away during the night. You wouldn't say I've shrunk You'd say it just, it moved away. See all distance is based on relative size to begin with. When you see a, when you say I see a stop sign moving away. What you say is I see a, it's shrinking. I see that stop sign

shrinking on my retina, getting littler. So, I conclude that it's moved away. So, as the Moon shrinks and the Earth shrinks it appears that there are moving away from each other. This new laser that they have implanted on the moon may be able to give us some help in trying to find an experimental evidence for the Stokely Chadwick Shrink Theory which states that we that we are all shrinking away into nothingness. Expansion is Of course the popular press often has, has these turtle on the back of, world on the back of a turtle type theories and it's not, it's not round it's flat. Columbus just didn't go far enough. Stuff like that. But even respected astronomer still believe this. Well, of course Hubble has thrown all his influence because he, he discovered the data. But I'm sure he'd be as pleased as anybody to hear a new and more realistic theoretical interpretation

[shuffling papers] After last, after last week's show there was a guy here in the studio who said that if I would make up a fifteen minute tape he would, and send it to him in Boston, he would play it over their underground radio station which reaches half a million people on the East Coast in four states. And that was that was nice for my, instant gratification for my megalomania. Oh, of course nothing ever completely satisfies real megalomania. We have been airing some reports here on the station of interviews with people down in the Piedmont area. Apparently what was suspected earlier with the objects actually are real and probably extraterrestrial has been confirmed. I am now convinced that it's true. That those things are real.

Just imagining them. Well, I don't subscribe to the Hollow Earth Theory. I think they are real and I think they are extraterrestrial. In nineteen fifty four twelve large saucer shaped objects descended in the middle of the day over Washington DC. Buzzed around the Washington Monument a couple of times. The Washington obelisk there and then headed down the mall toward the capital. Buzzed capital building, buzzed, buzzed around it a couple of times. All twelve of them just in front of thousands of people and just rose up into the sky again. There was a report in it, in the Washington Post for that day in 1954, I don't know what day it was. But they, they are real. I believe that when they land on, when we land on Mars we'll

be surprised to find fairly extensive forests and salt marsh swamps there covering large regions of Mars. I've seen color photographs of Mars taken from Earth and you see big red patches that are deserts and you see little green patches and and brown patches down in the hemisphere where it's Winter in the polar caps in the canal like markings. And then you look at a picture of the Earth taken from Apollo and you see you see the Sahara Desert, great big red splotch there on the planet. And the green Amazon jungle there below, and it looks just the same. So, they're maybe civilization and cities on Mars. These UFOs are coming from some place. It may not be this star They, they can get here fairly quickly from other stars. But it may be from within

this solar system. And we may find cities on Mars. And I predict that we will find trees. I think we will find trees. Well, we, we survived through the week. Uh, I was, how we did don't ask me, you know.They've been having this middle east crisis again. America helped stage an Israeli raid on on Beirut, Lebanon to get even with the Palestinians for killing two American ambassadors a month ago. They haven't been having any real big heavy brinkmanship confrontations with B-52s flying to the Canadian border, at all. And, uh, this is just another one of my seventeen reasons why we should dismantle the atomic bomb. Sinners in the hands of an

angry atomic nucleus is what it is. We are suspended over oblivion by the very thinnest and longest of electronic threads. Literally hundreds of thousands of miles long connecting transistors and resisters and diodes and switches. And if any one little kink in all of millions of miles of wire is defective. If any one of those switches has been soldered on wrong, if any one of those transistors is defective you know we would, we would be thrust into oblivion. We'd be, we'd all be reassigned to other planets to work out our Karma. So, I, I, I continued to, continue to say that it would be very good and forthright dramatic move for the United States to simply dismantle its nuclear arsenal and

encourage the other nations to do, do likewise. I would be a very dramatic scene. All the other countries trying to decide if they should do it too, and the world having a good chance to survive. Because if we don't then our civil- our, our civilization perhaps even our species will cease to exist on the Planet Earth. The smart species, the ones that can adapt, Survive. The dumb species, the ones who are unable to adapt to changing conditions do not survive. And this is the way it has always been in the Universe and it's no big deal it's just the way things have always been in the Universe. You're...well... this is Peter Stokely and Consciousness Across the Void.

I'll be with you again next Sunday at noon, at high noon, and every Sunday there after. Probably through the Summer too. So, I'll be with you then. This is Peter Stokley signing off. [music] Oh, I just subconsciously reached down and fastened my seat belt upon sitting down here at the control room in the radio station. Feel like I'm just sitting good window seat here on the planet Earth riding them electrons through that

ether all over the patch of rather difficult to notice mold on the orange it is the planet Earth. or if Columbia is thought of in galactic space terms I actually am speaking to this fine afternoon in Columbia Missouri across us a tiny gap of intergalactic space because we are on the fringes of the Milky Way Galaxy and I think that's why every star on the whole periphery of the galaxy has a periphery com-, a periphery complex. all these stars just need more distributors of existence here on the

periphery of the galaxy, or think they do. All, I imagine most planets on edges of solar systems, and even planets going anywhere around stars on the edges of galaxies such as the Milky Way and such as our sun we all feel like we are rather on the edge of existence, or on the edge of the galaxy. I have a few to read here this afternoon. This is a paper I wrote for my Roman Culture class. My professor said the differences between Rome, and today's world are greater than the similarities. General eval- evaluation, fair to good. We will see what you think of it. New, the title of this paper is "New Roman Imperial

Expansion 1450-1950". About five hundred year half millennium period. The new Roman expansion during that period. I cannot say now how this course will affect the rest of my life since I haven't lived the rest of my life yet. I can say that it has already profoundly altered my everyday state of consciousness, and the way in which I view reality, the world of men, and my own place in the cosmos. As we enter the year 2726 herbs candida, that means after the founding of the city and it was how the Romans mark their time. It was like their, our AD and BC. Words cannot express my surprise at how little the life of the world's people has changed during the last two and a half millennia. It...when the emperor Nero burned 125 acres of what had

been Rome's most wretched slums during his reign as emperor and built his palace on the ashes. It must have seemed unlikely to anyone be he emperor, senator, or plebeian that such arrogance would be tolerated for another day let alone for another two millennia. And yet we can look around us today here in the United States and see such sights as Hugh Hefner flying his private party jet over the anomic slums of South Chicago or golf tournaments and Cadillac advertisements being televised across the black ghettos of Harlem and Watts. New Rome in the last days of the age of petroleum is truly an impressive sight to behold. Palatial mansions rise amidst seething slums like rocky crags in a restless sea. Absurd apes whiz about in their horseless chariots rushing through eternity towards some

utopian destination that will never find. The hearts of the new Roman metalworkers blaze higher. The techniques of the miners and engineers improve until great new industrial cities consume iron and copper and silver with a reckless abandon of a Roman senator feasting on meat and wine. Contrary to widely held belief the Greco Roman empire never did permanently decline, nor can we say that it ever collapsed, or disappeared in any meaningful sense. Indeed, precisely the opposite occurred. The Greco Roman empire expanded in two distinct phases separated by a dormant sp-, spell of slightly more than a thousand years. In the years between 1450 and 1950, a period of European colonial expansion occurred during which Greco Roman language and culture were spread across three quarters of the habitable Earth. One has only to spend a few minutes with the nineteenth

century globe to grasp the enormous expansion extent of this expansion. Hardly a continent on the face of the earth was left unaffected. Africa was covered with French, Spanish, Portuguese, and British colonies. India received two doses of Greco Roman culture, one from Alexander of Macedon, that was, ah, I think about 60 BC and one from the British, that was in the last century, the nineteenth century. North and South Amer- and some of the twentieth century they were pushed out by Gandhi. Ah, in the 30's I believe. North and South America were covered with Spanish and British colonies. The continent of Australia was colonized by people who spoke a language that is at least, let's see, North and South America were covered with Spanish and British colonies. The continent of Australia was colonized by people who spoke the language that is at least 65 percent Greek and Latin. The vast reaches of Soviet Russia fell under a central

government that spread Greco Roman language, architecture, and thought across an ara-, area stretching from China to Finland. By the end of World War II at least one billion of the world's people spoke either a corrupted form of Latin such as French, Spanish, Italian, or Romanian or spoke a language comprised predominantly of Greco Roman loan words such as English or Russian. More than a billion of the Earth's inhabitants made use of Roman plumbing, built cities of Rome and Greek's styled buildings, lived under legal systems of Roman origin, or drove from place to place on Roman style roads perhaps built of concrete, that very characteristic Roman invention. 144 BC Rome Italy. You are there. Concrete is invented. By the time Julius Caesar was

offed in 44 BC, Ides of April, of March 44 BC, um, many public buildings were already built of concrete, ah, of concrete, yes. Many, many buildings had already been built of concrete. Many of them were faced with marble a thin marble veneer and yet anyway or perhaps rode from place to place on Roman style roads perhaps built of concrete that very characteristic Roman invention. And yet in spite of the awesome and unparalleled expansion of Greco Roman culture across all the world's five continents, we're still sometimes subjected to inane questions concerning the relevance of classical studies. I should think that the events of the last five centuries would've cleared up any such questions. A more interesting question is this; should one culture ever

have been permitted to affect so many lives, to spread across so much of the Earth's land surface? Was the Roman empire over extended to begin with? Spread across an area so vast as to be unmanageable, or at best manageable at a frightful cost in human lives, inefficiency, and plundered natural resources? Were those long and costly wars on the fringes of the empire, the Spanish and African campaigns, the German and Eastern campaigns ever of any benefit to anyone? Did any good ever come of importing hundreds of thousands of slaves from the remote provinces to work the fields of Italy there by forcing her native farmers into the squalid slums of Rome to live on handouts the rest of their lives? The over extension of the Roman empire with all its concomitant human suffering and

inefficiency cannot but bring to my mind our own country's campaigns in Southeast Asia which have resulted in millions of heroin addicts being turned loose upon America's cities. People whose only training has been in how to kill. Of course, no Roman ever sat down and consciously planned how big the empire would be. Nor can any Roman leader have foreseen that during the five centuries between 1450 and 1950 Greco Roman culture would spread across three quarters of the globe. World events have a kind of mad momentum of their own. Independent of the decisions of men. But some things do seem clear and some decisions made yesterday or 2000 years ago seem clearly to be wrong. The Roman

empire was a particular response to man's oldest enemy, space itself. Human life, as we know it, cannot exist outside of space and time. Space and time are at once our best friends, and our worst enemies. Space forces upon us the necessity of transporting food from the place where it is grown to the place where we happen to be. Space lies between the things we need one at time and those we need at another. Space must be crossed. The gap must be closed one way or another. Time dooms us to an eternity of relative ignorance unless we can find some way of learning things faster than we forget them. The Romans responded to space by building roads and aqueducts, by waging

endless conflicts in far off lands. Did the Romans find any lasting solutions to the eternal problems posed by space and time? I think not. A best they reached a temporary truce with these age old adversaries. At worst their chariots, roads, aqueducts, armies, slaves, mines, engineering, technology, and remote provinces created as many new problems as they solved. The final evidence is not yet in. It may never come in. The new Roman empire is threatened by the paradoxes that are reached when the theories of militarism and empire building are extended to their logical conclusion. Even as I write these words I may disappear in the flash of a nuclear exchange. An event which

could as easily result from some meaningless accident as from the conscious decision of some world leader. In the nuclear age we are faced in the long run with the choice between living in peace and not living at all. And we are not used to peace. We are not prepared for it. We have been too busy building empires for the last ten thousand years. Empires have always existed. They may be necessary, inevitable, perhaps even desirable provided they are not over extended as I believe Rome was, and as I believe the United States is. [papers turning] It is even possible that

Rome was not over extended. That it needed to be exactly as big as it was. That Europe needed to expand exactly as far as it did for reasons that may never become clear or that may become clear only after the passage of a thousand years. And my Roman Culture teacher had pencil, has penned in, um, but it was overextended. He thinks, ah, it was overextended. Historically it was considered overextended during the late empire period I believe, uh... after the age of Augustus. Many ecological questions remain unanswered, as well. It has not yet been established that a civilization can convert the world's resources into pollution as fast as ours is without exterminating itself. On the other hand, the human species may need to generate a certain amount of chaos merely to sustain its own existence.

Jim Dunne has suggested this. Cosmic controversies continue to sweep our planet, and these are exciting times to be alive. That's a paper I wrote for a Roman Culture class I had last semester, ah, going to school. I understand our antenna has dried off and that I am, that we are getting out. Earlier I was having a little trouble with my radio during Edward's really fine new morning show this morning. I could just hardly turn off my radio to prepare my own show. I have also a few words that Senator Symington spoke at Westminster a few, ah, I guess

it was during their graduation maybe a couple weeks ago. This is part of his speech, his commencement speech. By that time nuclear weapons had come into the defense picture and Sir Winston, the speeches by Winston Churchill incidentally who made a famous the iron curtain speech there in Fulton back in forty six, I believe it was. Again Britain's Sir Winston, again Britain's prime minister, sent word to me through his foreign secretary, Sir Anthony Eden, that the PM as Sir Anthony called him wanted to talk about this new force and its impact on future defense planning. We did so talk later that afternoon and again his prophetic vision surfaced. Sir Winston was worried about the relatively exposed position of Great Britain, especially from the sea. He had heard that back in 1948

when sec-, when secretary of our Air Force, I had suggested President Truman send then General Eisenhower to see Marshall Stalin and request, demand if you like, that the latter open up his country to the inspection of Soviet nuclear activities. At the same time assuring Stalin that we would come, that we would open up our country to him in similar fashion. Mr. Churchill said "Barney Baroque told me of your suggestion." I too recommended a showdown in 1948, did you know? I didn't. So, he gave me a book which contained his 1948 speeches. And he marked one talk made in September of that year at Llandudno Wales. In that speech Sir Winston said, "the question is asked what will happen when they

get the atomic bomb themselves and have accumulated a large store? You can judge for yourselves that what will happen then by what is happening now. If these things are done in the green wood, they will be done in the dry. We ought to bring matters to a head and make a final settlement. The western nations will be far more likely to reach a lasting settlement without bloodshed if they formulate their just demands while they alone have "the atomic power." At the time of our meeting in 1954 however, this is Symington talking again, however Mr. Churchill's thinking had changed and in another display of extraordinary vision he stated if I made the talk that perhaps I should make tonight I would terrify

every man and woman on this island. All of our land is very close to the sea and we would have little warning indeed of any nuclear attack from the sea. At the close of this visit, knowing the United States was racing ahead with the development of nuclear weapons he said, "don't forget think. Think of us all." And surely this we have. Ah, I don't know. Soon the other superpower also became strong in the new weapons and there upon Sir Winston coined another famous phrase to illustrate our position against the Soviet Union, namely balance of terror. This position was also described by a great nuclear scientist as two scorpions in a bottle. Today Mr. Churchill's apprehensions have been completely verified. Since that talk in 1954 we have seen the development of the intercontinental

ballistic missile, the ICBMs, many in fields in Missouri, a few miles from here. And also submarine launched nuclear missiles. Apparently Mr. Churchill's primary apprehension. [shifts in chair] A lot... what all this connotes is known by the general term arms race which is by far the most expensive race in world history. One which could well wreck the economy of this nation. Let me illustrate that assertion by quoting from an article written last summer by a famous Missourian and was here in Westminster as a military aide to President

Truman. On the day of the famous speech and who later became Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford St. Louis. In this article last July second Mr. Clifford said, "in the last ten years from the fiscal year 1963 through 1972 the federal government has collected a total of six hundred and eighty one billion dollars in individual income taxes". In the same ten year period, by startling coincidence, the federal government has paid out for defense expenditures the sum of six hundred and eighty billion dollars. That is, we've spent as much on over kill during the last decade as the government has collected in personal income taxes and they just use corporate taxes and excise taxes and tariffs to pay for all the other sideline businesses of the United States government." This is Symington

talking now. "Such expenditure just cannot go on for two obvious reasons. First, it is becoming increasingly clear what the size of these vast expenditures is currently doing to our weakening economy. Second, is the problem of the number of scorpions in the bottle. A number that can only continue to grow in the years to come. We already know that relatively soon there will be another superpower." I assume he's talking about India. Israel already has the bomb according to NBC News a report I heard about a year ago. This Well, so you can see that these expenditures really can't go on. Dismantle all the progress, dismantle the atomic bomb. Oh don't mind us. We're just a

few million brain cells trying to establish contact with one another one another. You can listen if you wish. Automobile cult. I went to the Stephen Gaskin concert last night. Was it last night? Wait a minute. Two nights ago, two nights ago. Thank you very much. And, uh, well I'm very schizophrenic on the subject of Stephen Gaskin. Like I heard him at the livestock pavilion [clears throat], oh, when he was here last time and it didn't it didn't sound like he'd evolved very much during the, during the two periods. I listened closely and intently during the last show. And I sat up there in that little playground rocket they had there my bicycle out there. The automobiles didn't slow me

down very much. I had to wait for a while there to get across Business Loop 70. But I was sitting there listening to the rock, and this little kid came up and, uh, said, uh, "are you a christian?" I said, "well, yes. I am." He said, "I don't believe in God." He said, "Nobody knows. They, they a lot of people think they know what God is or what he looks like an all that, but nobody really knows." And its just this, this really little kid. And he's right, I think. Nobody does know. You are in tune with KOPN 89.5 in Columbia, Missouri. I'm Peter Stokely and this is Consciousness Across the Void,

A frequently heard feature of KOPN's daily programming. Well, there was an item in uh, uh last week's feature section of, uh the St. Louis Post that caught my eye. Brought back some memories of time I've spent in the city of Chicago. It's wro-, written by Ada Louise Huxtable. It's called the Endearing Chicago Style Reflects the City's Essence. if i'm [clears throat] probably, you already read it but if I might share some, some scenes of this with you. Chicago and New York have something basic in common. No matter how great the toll taken by development and politics, the classic spoilers, immense power and distinction remain. Call it charisma, machismo, vibes, or the culture of cities, but there's a

force and drama tied directly to the forms and nature of the physical environment that is the quality of the metropolis itself. It is ultimately style. To say that style is important for a city, that it may figure as much in its destiny as the human factor is a statement that flies in the face of today's more sociological concerns. But this is the city's essence that endures as conditions change. And so i am writing unapologetically about style, the Chicago style with full awareness that the proper Chicago story must be also with the conditions on its unredeemed slums, the tenuous health of a rebuilt but urbanistically unreconstructed central business district. The dislocations and pathologies of its functions. And the failure of municipal government to come to grips with the past or the future. That the middle holds in Chicago is no one's

fault. That the city has style and life is almost an accident. What it amounts to in the narrowest sense is that Chicago is a city of architectural excellence, which New York is not. It probably is the best city in the country for building quality. That statement, of course, needs to be hedged with all kinds of qualifications. But the good buildings past and present still override the bad and they have a unifying power. Chicago does not, like New York, depend on sheer overwhelming mass and the life force it represents for effect. A visit to Chicago prompted in part by a desire to see the latest entry in the world's tallest building derby, the Sears Tower, turned out to be a richly re-re-war, rewarding experience in the Chicago style. As the scholars call it, the Chicago school of architecture.

The Sears Tower is there, alright, presiding over the city with an almost nonchalant understatement, if that can be said of a one hundred and ten story skyscraper, containing five million square feet of space. And Big John; the tapered and cross-braced John Hancock Building is there too. Now [unintelligible] with a pair of television spires. But Sears indulg-, Sears indulges in a curious self-effacement that is not unattractive. Beyond it's exceptional height and unusual shape, it is made up of a cluster of square tubes rising to different heights. It makes no aggressive call for attention. Personally, I think this is fine but it, it seems a more monumental statement. The structural formula an ingenious and precedent setting one in engineering terms by Fazlur Kahn of Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill is notable for its economy and

strength. Considering that quite enough the architect, Bruce Graham partner in charge for S.O.M., has she- sheathed- sheathed the structure in its simply, has sheathed the structure in the simplest, cleanest, flattest glass and metal skin. This is the sleek curtain wall so elegantly defined by Gordon Bunshaft of the New York office of S.O.M. The skill and finesse of the well done sheer skin wall are today vastly underrated. Graham has an architectural philosophy that holds that there is no point in overreaching accept in height, over complicating, striving for dubious originality, or going gratuitously beyond what amounts to an unbeatable basic solution. He thinks that good is good enough. Straining for effect. This is a principle that should be

pasted in a lot of so called creative hats, and if that makes for the, and if that makes for the paradox of an unpretentious tall building so be it. God is still in the details and S.O.M. has a direct line to heaven. The interior lobbies at ground and mezzanine level [clears throat] also as true theatrics for simple undramatized solutions. Plain, beautifully fitted metal and glass rails, smoothly curved travertine wall corners, they will not chip, flat white surfaces and incandescent lights. The seventy five foot square proportions of the nine bundled tubes are handsome although there they are generally ignored by the tenants. And for such a behemoth, the public spaces seem to function surprisingly well with a human casual and cheerful air immensely enhanced by one of the liveliest, wittiest and most colorful Calder compositions

around. Sculptural movement works with people movement in a natural orchestration of activity. The building is not as successful outside at ground level with a conventional plaza and a dead rear end. And the philosophical and functional questions about buildings on this scale remain unanswered. Whether the architectural and engineering exhilaration of stunning structure advance and drop dead size which delivers a few extra problems such as down drafts, vertigo, and environmental isolation is offset by the kind of economic and spacial efficiency that modern industrialization and urbanism increasingly require. It is an endless subject for inquiry and debate. But there is no debate about the technological achievement or the fact that it is the Chicago building tradition that combines technology and money, art and business for an

expression that has crea-, has created almost a century of architectural history. The skyscraper has a, has a fascination beyond environmental price and most of its development was written on Chicago's streets. There's a direct line from William Le Baron Jenney's home insurance building of 1884, demolished, to Louis Sullivan's turn of the century Carson Pirie Scott store, still magnificent in its succinct skeletal definition and extraordinarily lush bronze ornament, to the Mies, Mies van der Rohe, to the Mies van der Rohe inspired S.O.M. post war work and Mies' own galaxy of buildings of the 1960s. Mies settled in Chicago in the 1940s and dominated its architectural life with his personal style and standards so perfectly, so perfectly attuned to the Chicago product for

thirty years. This master of the modern movement built naturally on the Chicago past and assured talented successors in the same spirit. The local preoccupation has always been with skeleton and skin in its most brilliantly functional and expressing use. Two of the finest building and open space complexes to be found anywhere are in Chicago. Mies, Mies, Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe's federal center and the Mies influenced civic center both on Dearborn Street. The Mies buildings are at once assertive and subtle. Their walls of glass and black steel on a surprisingly delicate module are pure poetry. They have the kind of tension and lyricism that one feels facing Bernini or Michelangelo. Against these dark reflective rhythms the scarlet Calder on the plaza is a perfect counterpoint. Now there's

talk of more plazas. Pious talk about continuous public open space that sounds more like a, like a rationalization for destruction of the Chicago heritage. The real point seems to be to make up profitable land parcels under zoning that gives plaza bonuses when the assemblage is big enough. There's a scheme to demolish Holabird and Roche's Marquette Building of 1885. [clears throat] For another plaza on Dearborn Street where it is at least needed. In fact, Mies had counted on the Marquette's containing wall. Chicago is currently caught in the trap of backlash zoning and economic expediency and a city council that is on the one hand loathe to designate landmarks or explore remedial zoning and on the other unwilling to buck the developers version of manifest destiny.

The council is much quicker to assist depressing new tena-, new developments like the eighty three Illinois center where Mies meets Hyatt in total infelicity. But that too is the Chicago style. Politically and it can, and it can make or break the city now. So, see? Chicago isn't just a big midwest cow town as, as some would assert. We'll be back with more in a moment. [music]

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today is the fifth the fifteenth day in June 1975 and who can remember what took place three years ago this coming Tuesday the seventeenth of June? Ah, some of you can remember. Some individuals were caught breaking into the offices of the democratic central committee in the Watergate hotel in Washington DC. The repercussions and reverberations of that scandal are still echoing through the halls of government both here in the United States and around the world.

The governments of numerous other European countries also collapsed in and around the same two year period. Nations such as Britain, Germany, I don't remember whether France had a change leadership then too. Italy did, Portugal did, Greece did, Spain still, ah, Franco still hangs on in Spain. Ethiopia had a change uh, their uh, Haile Selassie who had, who had ruled Ethiopia fifty years was deposed around the same period. So, really it was kind of a a watershed event that was significant of the changes that have been taking place as the post war era draws to a close. So, today what many of you, some of you have been waiting for and others have been dreading

we're going to have a a sort of a Watergate special here on Consciousness. A little historical review that we'll center or focus its attention on the, the collapse of the Nixon administration. I think, uh, there is no have any the repercussions or effects just do this. The American President Mr. Ford has has been in office for a while now. He has survived a couple of recent veto confrontations with the democratically dominated congress. The democrats were not able to muster the votes to override the Presidential veto. So, he's, he's pretty firmly in place and I believe that now the, the truth in the the facts of what has been taking place around the world and here in the United States can be revealed to the people. Most of this is taken from back issues of the St. Louis Post

Dispatch the Globe and the Kansas City Star this one is for, I'll just read a few excerpts as, as time will permit Wednesday, October twenty fourth. nineteen seventy three. House pressing on impeachment. Washington,and an, an impeachment investigation of President Richard M. Nixon will be made despite the president's release of his Watergate tape recording transcripts. A source close to the house democratic leadership said today although Mr. Nixon's concession on the tapes had slowed the momentum toward impeachment other crucial questions remain to be resolved. Chief among these was the firing of special Watergate prosecutor Archibald Cox the core, the source said. This took place on Saturday, October twentieth. Nineteen seventy three. on October ninth of that month, of that year

Spiro T. Agnew was the, became the first vice president in the history of the United States to resign his office under fire of a, of a scandal or suspicion of, of wrongdoing in, in, in, involving construction contract, contracts and possible bri, bribes involved in construction contracts in Baltimore Maryland. also for Wednesday October twenty fourth, nineteen seventy three. President to explain taped decision tonight. Washington October twenty four. President Richard M. Nixon will make a televised speech to the nation tonight on his decision to turn over the Watergate tape recordings to a United States district judge. Mr Nixon's speech at eight p.m. St. Louis time will be broadcast by all major television, and radio networks. Plans for the speech were announced yesterday by press secretary Ronald L. Ziegler as the White House struggled to

control the national outcry over the dismissal of special Watergate prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignation of Attorney General Elliot L. Richardson. With the president facing impeachment proceedings in congress and under sustained attack in legal circles, labor organizations, and elsewhere the White House agreed yesterday to comply with a court order to produce the Watergate tapes. A few hours later Mr Nixon's Chief of Staff Alexander M. Haig Jr. now deputy commander of american NATO forces in Europe ... ...rats... ...huh. Chief of Staff Alexander M. Haig and his constitutional adviser Charles Alan Wright held a press conference in a further effort to quiet the clamor over the Watergate investigation

Haig denied the, that the so called compromise plan on the tapes that Mr. Nixon announced Friday night had been a white house maneuver to give the President an excuse to dismiss Cox or force his ret, his resignation. That was on October twenty fourth paper from, uh the same day Wednesday October twenty fourth the, on the morning edition it says Nixon to, uh, explain tape decision tonight. By the afternoon editions this story is being run: Nixon cancels speech to nation. Busy with Mid East. President Nixon cancelled a speech tonight on the Watergate, because on Watergate, because he is too preoccupied with the Middle East. The White House said meanwhile today the house pressed ahead with its impeachment inquiry and new calls were heard for another independent Watergate prosecutor. One such call came from AFL-CIO

President George Meany who also said the events of the last several days proved the dangerous emotional instability of the President. the President returned from an overnight stay at his Camp David Maryland retreat and cancelled the speech in which he had planned to explain his decision to surrender to a court order to release nine Watergate tape recordings, and documents the white house said the President was spending all his time trying to negotiate a cease fire in the Middle East war. Nixon scheduled a news conference for nine p.m. eastern daylight time Thursday to answer questions about both Watergate and the Middle East. I didn't notice it, but i do have a Saturday edition of the of the Columbia Daily Tribune for October twentieth. nineteen seventy three. Nixon to release summary of tapes. Orders Cox halt. Washington A.P.. President Nixon agreed Friday to

let Senator John Stennis. Democrat, Mississippi listen to Watergate related White House tapes and to verify a presidential summary of the transcripts of their contents, but Nixon also ordered Wa- Watergate Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox to halt his court battle to obtain the recordings. Cox said he would challenge the President's proposal in court. The President said that Senators Sam J. Ervin Jr. Democrat, North Carolina, and Howard H. Baker Jr. Republican of Tennessee. Senior members of the Senate Watergate Committee had agreed to his proposal to let Stennis listen to the tapes. The historic conflict between The President and the Special Prosecutor appointed nearly five months ago to have the Watergate investigation flared as time ran out for Nixon to ask the supreme court to review lower court decisions directing him to turn the tapes over to U.S. District Court Judge John J. Sirica

Nixon said this summary or the transcripts of the tapes would be turned over to Sirica. Nixon who had fought turning over the tapes either to, either to Cox, or to the Watergate Committee on the grounds it would violate the constitutional doctrine of separation of powers. Said it was with greatest reluctance that he had agreed to permit Stennis to listen to them. He said he had directed Cox to make no further attempts by the judicial process to obtain tapes, notes, or memoranda of presidential conversations... the prosecutor said that if complied with The President's orders quote: "would violate my solemn pledge to the senate and the country. I shall not violate my promise". It was learned Nixon was prepared to fire Cox whom he prefer, whom he referred to in a spay, statement passed out news men at the White

House as an employee of the executive branch. So this, this was Saturday morning. In his statement Cox said The President "quote" is refusing to comply with the court decrees. A summary of the content of the tapes lacks the evidentiary value of the tapes themselves. The special Prosecutor said he would bring the matter to the attention of the court and abide by its decision. That evening Archibald Cox was fired by his boss, whom he was investigating. Richard M. Nixon in the the celebrated affair that was to become known as the Saturday Night Massacre. Now the scene shifts we're into early in nineteen seventy four. Thursday January twenty fourth, nineteen seventy four. Watergate Hearings to go on.

the Senate Watergate C-,Watergate Committee was prepared, was, was preparing today for a fresh round of hearings on Nixon campaign scandals after a for to three vote yesterday authorizing the new sessions. Voting for the first time along straight party lines. The committee decided to hold three days of hearings next week on the one hundred thousand dollar contribution from billionaire Howard R. Hughes to C. G. "Bebe" Rebozo, and three days the following week on charges that the dairy industry gave money to the Nixon campaign in exchange for higher milk price supports (paper rustling) All four democrats on the committee led by Senator Sam J. Ervin of North Carolina voted to resume hearings. All three republicans voted against it. The action was at least a partial victory for the committee's chief counsel Samuel Dash and his staff who had pressed hard for further hearings amid rising sentiment on the committee

closing up shop. (clears throat) but Senator Lowell P. Weicker Republican, Connecticut, who has been one of the panels most active, and outspoken members warned afterward that the new hearings would lay the committee open to new and possibly justifiable attacks from the White House and elsewhere in a related development the committee voted to ask the senate to extend its life past the original expiration date February twenty eighth to allow it to pursue its legal fight for president Richard M. Nixon's secret Watergate tapes. Ervin held out the possibility that still further hearings might be held later if the committee gets the tapes, and besides the material in them warrants further inquiry. The committee voted unanimously to make a new request that Mr. Nixon meet with the committee. "If he does not," the committee said, "its members may submit to the White House in

writing the questions they would've asked the president in person." Yesterday's actions were taken at a three hour closed meeting in the capital. Although the senators and committee staff members sought to play down the partisan split, there was general acknowledgment that the meeting produced perhaps the sharpest disagreements since the committee was formed almost a year ago. This is Howard R. Baker speaking now. "I have great doubts that we can do those things that Hughes and Milk matters in six days," Baker told reporters. "I reluctantly estimate that once we get into it they'll go much, much longer than six days." It seems far more appropriate to me that we step aside and give center stage to the house judiciary committee that was in January

fourth. January twenty fourth nineteen seventy four a Thursday the following Sunday, February twenty-fourth nineteen... No, that's a month later. A month later on Sunday, February twenty-fourth nineteen seventy-four Nixon pledges privacy guards. This is from the Kansas City Star. Washington. President Nixon said yesterday that until the day comes when science finds a way to install a conscience in every computer this country must develop personal human safeguards that prevent computers from becoming mechanical impersonal robots that deprive us of our essential liberties. In a nationwide radio broadcast from his oval office in the white house the president named an eleven member blue ribbon panel headed by Vice President Gerald Ford to be

quote "Primed for high level action and to begin with within four months to present a series of direct enforceable measures to equip every American with a personal shield he can use to protect his right of privacy. In addition to Ford, the committee will include six cabinet members, the Attorney General and the Secretaries of treasury, defense, commerce, labor and health, education and welfare. Also on it will be the civil service commission chairman and the directors of the office of management and budget, the office of community consumer affairs and the office of telecommunications policy. Nixon's pointed out that the names of more than one hundred and fifty million Americans are now in computer banks scattered across the country. "What a person earns, what he owes, what he gives to his church or charity, is his own

personal business and should not be spread around without his consent," The president said. When personal information is given or obtained for one purpose such as a loan or credit at a store, it should not be secretly used by anyone for any other purpose. "At no time in the past has the government known so much about so many of its individual citizens," Nixon said. "Though well-intentioned, the government bureaucracies seem to thrive on collecting additional information," the president said. "That information is now stored in over seven thousand government computers. Collection of new information will always be necessary, but there must also be reasonable limits on what is collected and how it is used. The same process has been at work in the private sector, where computers and modern data technology have placed vast quantities of personal information in the hands of bankers,

employers, charitable institutions and credit agencies." "In some instances," the president said, " the information itself is often inaccurate or obsolete. When such information is provided and used by the government or the private sector, be an injury to the individual is the same," the president said. "His right to privacy has been seriously damaged, sometimes beyond the point of repair. Frequently the side effect is financial damage, but in some cases it goes farther. Careers have been ruined, marriages have been wrecked, and reputations built up over a lifetime destroyed by the misuse of data technology in both private and public hands." The president said that advanced technology has created new opportunities for america as a nation, but it has also created the possibility for new abuses of the individual American citizen. Adequate safeguards must always stand watch

so that man will remain the master and never becomes the victim of the computer," the president said. Nixon made no reference to the wiretapping controversies of his administration, but an accompanying White House fact sheet said he had instructed the new panel to steer clear of this area until a congressionally created wiretaps study commission makes its recommendations. That's a town on Sunday, February twenty fourth, nineteen seventy four of a nationwide radio and television broadcast made by President Nixon on Saturday, February twenty-third, nineteen seventy four. The scene shifts to Tuesday, February twenty-sixth nineteen seventy-four. President disputes impeachment base. In Washington, February twenty-sixth.

President Richard M Nixon said last night that "I do not expect to be impeached," and challenged the view of congressional lawyers that he could be removed from office for non criminal offenses. At his first press conference since October twenty- sixth Mr. Nixon seemed to move closer to a confrontation with the House Judiciary Committee, which is investigating whether there are grounds to impeach the President. Staff lawyers for the committee have concluded that impeachment was intended to cover abuses of presidential power in addition to recognized crimes. Mr. Nixon, responding to a question, said that in his mind the constitution clearly stated that quote, "A criminal offense on the part of a president is the requirement for impeachment." Mr. Nixon's position appeared to signal a determination to resist the request by the house committee for any information that was not related directly to the

possibility of any criminal misconduct. The issue will be joined quickly. The staff of the judiciary committee was reported to have sent to the white house last night a formal request for voluntary submission of some seven hundred pages of documents and seventeen tape recordings to be used in the white house investigations. To be used in the house investigations. Moreover, the chairman of the Judiciary Committee, Representative Peter W Rodino, Jr., Democrat, New Jersey, was preparing to send a second letter to Mr. Nixon asking his personal cooperation in complying with the committee request. Appearing in the East room of the White House before reporters and a national television audience, Mr. Nixon disclosed also that he had rejected a request that he testify before a Federal Grand Jury investigating the Watergate Scandals.

the President said that he had declined the invitation on constitutional grounds. He did not elaborate. He said this special Watergate prosecutor, Leon Jaworski, had refused an offer to exchange written questions and answers instead of to meet with Jaworski personally. During the conference that lasted nearly thirty minutes, Mr. Nixon made these other points. This was Nixon's big hulabaloo news conference of Monday February twenty fifth nineteen seventy four. He was not aware of the deal to give an ambassador's post to a political contributor in exchange for one hundred thousand dollars in campaign funds. Too it's much better than even chance that there will be no need for gasoline rationing but lines of automobiles waiting at service stations in some parts of the country will continue into summer at least.

Mr. Nixon threatened to veto legislation before congress that proposes a price roll back in the domestic price of crude oil so much for Nixon's press conference of Monday February twenty fifth nineteen seventy four now it's Wednesday March thirteenth nineteen seventy four. Hush money payment put it March twenty first Washington March thirteenth the Watergate Grand Jury concluded that a disputed hush money payment to a lawyer for E. Howard Hunt Jr. was made on the evening of March twenty first nineteen seventy one less than twelve hours after a White House meeting involving President Richard M. Nixon. Sources close to the investigation have reported. they said that testimony fixing the date and time of payment which had been

challenged by the White House was provided to the Grand Jury by Frederick C. LaRue the former reelection committee officer who has a go between in hush money payments.I in an interview with the New York Times on Monday James D. St.Claire Mr Nixon's attorney said that a charge published after the Senate Watergate committee's hearings last summer place the final date of payment as March twentieth nineteen seventy three. St.Clair also referred to what he characterized as a discrepancy between testimony before the Senate Committee citing March twentieth nineteen seventy three as the date of payment and the indictments issued this March first which listed March twenty first nineteen seventy three as the payment date St.Clair's point was that if the payment was made on March twentieth it could not have been authorized as a result of the March twenty first meeting attended by the president In their senate testimony Hunt and LaRue were vague about the date

of the payment. The last delivery of hush money to Hunt's attorney William O. Bittman this uh E. Howard Hunt individual. There's some evidence that he was a Dallas the November twenty second nineteen sixty three that uh that possibility has not yet been fully explored or really has the uh has all the truth about the assassination of President Kennedy come to public light yet. Now it's the next day Thursday March fourteenth nineteen seventy four Nixon's subpoena planned. Washington: four men pleaded innocent today to a charge stemming from the break in at the office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist. Council for one of the defendants told newsmen upon entering the courthouse that he expects to call President Nixon as a defense witness.Entering innocent pleas were G.

Gordon Liddy, Bernard L. Barker, Eugenio R. Martinez and Felipe, Felipe, Felipe de Diego. They were charged with violating the civil rights of Dr. Lewis Fielding two former presidential aides Charles W. Colson, and John D. Ehrlichman pleaded innocent to the same charge when arraigned Saturday. The six men were indited by a federal grand jury on March seventh nineteen seventy four. The conspiracy charge carries a maximum penalty of ten years in prison, and a ten thousand dollar fine. Liddy, Martinez, and Barker were defendants in the original Watergate break in while Henry Rothblatt, counsel for Diego. de Diego a Miami realtor told newsmen he intends to subpoena every relevant witness. Asked if that includes, uh, asked if that included the president Rothblatt replied, Rothblatt replied "I think he'll be a very

relevant witness". Liddy was the last to arrive in the court room in contrast to appearances when he looked pale and gaunt Liddy was tanned and fit. He was greeted enthusiastically by Barker, Martinez, and de, de Diego. All the defense attorneys in, indicated to Judge Gerhard A. Gesell that they anticipated problems obtaining government records pertaining to the break in Judge Gesell suggested that they confer with the prosecutor's office before filing any motions. A California State Judge had ruled that Nixon was a relevant defense witness in the trial of charges re, returned by Los Angeles County Grand Jury in connection with the same break in, the break in of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist office California Prosecutors agreed to drop the charges after the Federal Grand Jury had acted.

Gesell ask defense counsel to file motions within ten days. Giving their suggestion for a trial date and whether they believe Ehrlichman should be tried separately Ehrlichman also is charged with lying to the F.B.I. and the Grand Jury. Liddy is in custody serving a sentence for contempt stemming from his refusal to testify before a Grand Jury. De Diego's attorney said the defendant believes he was carrying out government orders when he participated in the burglary. The six men were indicted by Federal Grand Jury, March seventh. In addition to the conspiracy charges Erlichman also was indicted for allegedly lying to F.B.I. Agents and a Grand Jury. Well let's take a little break in this and will get right back to it. (music)

(music) everything that you do (music) (music) cant you see (music) (music) youre gonna say (music)

(music) give me more (music) hey hey hey give me more (music) (music) (music) You're listening to KOPN F.M. eighty-nine point five in Columbia Missouri. Now it's Friday March twenty ninth nineteen seventy four. Kleindienst reported planning guilty plea. Washington. March twenty ninth former Attorney

General Richard G. Kleindienst lawyer, Kleindienst's lawyer has told the Watergate Special Prosecutor's office that Kleindinest is willing to plead guilty to a misdemeanor charge in connection with the International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Anti Trust Case.The Washington Post reports today. The newspaper says that special prosecutor Leon Jaworski had indicated that he probably would accept such an arrangement if an appropriate misdemeanor charge could be found to fit the circumstances. In return for his guilty plea the article says Kleindienst expects to receive no prison sentence and he believes that he will not be disbarred from the practice of law in his home state of Arizona. A spokesman for the Special Prosecutor's Office said he had no comment on the Washington post story the article said that Kleindienst had begun plea bargaining an effort to arrange for a guilty plea on a lesser charge usually with the expectation of

leniency. And an agreement to testify against other defendants in a related case. Kleindienst was said to be prepared to plead guilty to making false or misleading sworn statements about the I.T.T. case in nineteen seventy two during senate confirmation hearings on his appointment as the nation's top law enforcement officer. No such misdemeanor charge exists and both sides are now attempting to find an appropriate misdemeanor charge to which Kleindienst plead guilty the newspaper said. It reported that one well placed source had said that several members of Jaworski's staff were not pleased with the tentative arrangements because they believed that Kleindienst should be indicted on a felony charge of perjury conviction of a felony could automatically lead to disbarment in Arizona. Kleindienst has been trying to avoid prosecution since April thirtieth nineteen seventy

three the day President Richard M. Nixon announced the resignation of Kleindienst and three of Mr. Mixon's principal White House Aides. H.R. Haldeman John D. Ehrlichman, and John W. Dean The Third. Quote "I fought the good fight and lost" a friend quoted Kleindeinst to saying recently according to the post a guilty plea by Kleindienst would be the first conviction of a former Nixon Cabinet Officer in the Watergate scandal. Another former Attorney General in the administration John N. Mitchell is on trial now in New York with a former Secretary Of Commerce Maurice H. Stands. The Special Watergate Prosecutor's investigation of Kleindienst concerns his sworn testimony at his Senate Judiciary Committee confirmation hearings in the spring of 1972 when Kleindienst was acting Attorney General. The hearings focused on allegations that the Justice Department had agreed

to settle several I.T.T. Anti Trust Cases in exchange for I.T.T,'s donation of one hundred thousand to four hundred thousand dollars to help finance the Republican National Convention then scheduled to be held in San Diego. Meantime the New York Times reported Kleindienst has no explanation for having withheld for nearly a year information that would have licked, information that would have linked Mitchell with the Watergate break in. The sources said yesterday that Kleindienst was recently interviewed by federal agents about the conversation he had with G. Gordon Liddy on June seventeenth 1972. Less than twelve hours after the five men had been arrested in the Democratic Parties Watergate. Suddenly it's Wednesday April seventeenth 1974.

New tape demands may result in confrontation. A sweeping new prosecution demand for President Richard M. Nixon's Watergate tapes could mean another confrontation between the White House, and The Special Watergate Prosecutor. There was no immediate comment from the White House on how it would we respond to yesterday's request by Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski for court permission to issue a subpoena for sixty three conversations. Jaworski made it clear that he would have preferred avoiding the confrontation. In a set of legal papers filed with the U.S. District Court. The Prosecutor said that he was asking for the subpoena only after trying for months to obtain the tapes and materials from the White House in an informal manner. He told the court that he needed the materials for the forthcoming trial of the seven defendants indicted in the Watergate Cover Up Case saying that information now available to the government indicated

that each of the items he is seeking contains evidence that either could be used by the government or that might be helpful to one or more of the defendants. The trial of H.R. Haldeman, John N. Mitchell, and four others begins September Ninth. that would have been 1974, but he said, but he said despite requests as early as January ninth to James D. St. Clair, the President's Chief Defense Counsel for much of the material. Quote "I have as yet received no definite response regarding whether the material would be made available". Jaworski took an even more frustrated and angry tone in a letter to St. Clair on April eleventh disclosed yesterday. Informing The President's lawyer that a subpoena would be sought. "I have delayed seeking a subpoena in the hope that The President would comply with our request voluntarily" he said in a

letter. Indeed I have sought no more at this time then an assurance that the materials would be provided sufficiently in advance of trial to assure thorough preparation. Switch subjects, but uh, not time very much. On Friday June fourteenth 1974 Richard Nixon was in Egypt. U.S. to sell Cairo nuclear reactors: St. Louis Post Dispatch: Friday, June fourteenth 1974. President Richard M. Nixon agreed today to have the United States sell nuclear reactors and nuclear fuel to Egypt. A statement signed by Mr. Nixon and then president anwar sadat of egypt said the us was prepared to negotiate with Egypt on an agreement for cooperation in the field of nuclear energy. The promise to pay, the promise to make nuclear technology available to the Cairo Government was considered almost certain to provide

fears of a major change in the balance of power in the Mid East. The possibility that Egypt might be enabled to developed atomic weapons was thought likely to be greeted with dismay in Israel. It may cause protests when Mr. Nixon arrives there Sunday. This relates to the bilateral relations between the United States and Egypt and does not relate to any other country, Nixon said. Or Ziegler said. The Nixon, Sadat statement said the sale of nuclear reactors and fuel to Egypt would enable Egypt to generate substantial additional quantities of electric power by the early nineteen sixties to support its rapidly growing economic developmental needs. Whether this would give Egypt the nuclear resources, and technology to develop atomic weapons appeared to depend on the strength of the safeguards mentioned in the statement. It would appear that way to the uninitiated pending conclusion

of this agreement U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and the Egyptian Ministry Of Electricity will this month conclude a provisional agreement for the sale of nuclear fuel, plutonium, and enriched uranium to Egypt ... Monday, June seventeenth 1974. Watergate drama began with arrests two years ago. Watergate is three years old today. It was on on June seventeenth 1972 that Washington policeman, pistols drawn confronted five burglars inside the sixth floor office of the Democratic National Committee Headquarters at the Watergate Office Building. from that event has grown the greatest political scandal in the history of the American Presidency. The President himself paces, faces the possibility of impeachment. A number of his aides have gone to prison.

Others face criminal trials. Three years ago, three years ago this coming Tuesday Friday, June twenty first 1974 Colson is given a three year term. Washington: charles w calson once a top advisor to president nixon was sentenced today to serve one to three years in prison and for obstructing justice. Gerhard A. Gesell also imposed a five thousand dollar fine. The maximum penalty on the charge would have been five years in prison, and a five thousand dollar fine. For three and a half years I worked day and night, I believed I was making a great personal sacrifice for my country Colson said before sentencing he said he had been quote "an arrogant self assured man in the ruthless

exercise of power." calson said he now knows how easy it is even for a strong man to lose perspective under pressure. this ex- experience has brought a complete re-examination of myself and I will spend the rest of my life regretting what I have done, he said. Attorney David I Shapiro told Gesell that Colson should not not be sent to prison because of public expectations. He said sending Colson prison would be in my view a most popular decision. It would also be a terribly short sighted one. The judge interrupted him saying you are barking up the wrong tree, you are beating a dead horse. Gesell said public opinion would not sway him one way or the other

as he sentenced the defendant Gesell said the court does recognize that Colson's public image was somewhat distorted, but that he had to send him to prison. Colson had been charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice and obstructing justice in the Watergate Cover Up Case and with conspiracy to violate the civil rights of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist in the Plumbers case that those charges were dismissed today. Colson pleaded guilty on June third to a newly drawn charge of obstructing justice. in that plea he admitted that in 1971 he concocted, and carried out a scheme to defame, and destroy the public image and credibility of Daniel Ellsberg then nearing trial in the Pentagon papers case. In return for the plea Special Watergate Prosecutor Leon Jaworski made public his understanding with Colson the result of plea

bargaining Mr Colson will immediately provide statements under oath and will produce all relevant documents in his possession upon the request of the Watergate Special Prosecution Force, Jaworski said. Little break from the Watergate news here. Wednesday, August fourth. August fourteenth, I mean, 1974. Nicosia, Cyprus, August fourteenth. Massive a top, massive attacks begun by Turks. Turkey launched massive air, tank, and naval strikes against Greek Cypriot positions of Cyprus today apparently in an attempt to partition the island by force of arms. The attacks brought Greece and Turkey close to war again and threaten to collapse the southern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Greece announced that it was withdrawing its armed forces from NATO for its failure to prevent what it called a Turkish Pearl

Harbor and there was, there were unofficial reports in Athens that the Greek Armed Forces had been placed on a full war footing along its frontier with Turkey. The Geneva peace talks among Britain, Turkey, and Greece collapsed early today and Britain called for an emergency meeting in New York of the United Nations Security Council. The call for a cease fire by the United Nations had no apparent affect. Dispatches from Nicosia and monitorings of the Greek and Turkish Cypriot we, radios they're told of massive Turkish tank thrusts eastward from Nicosia toward the Port of Famagusta and westward toward the Port of Lefkada. Drives that would seal off northern, northern Cyprus The, uh, big, uh, Turkey-Cyprus War. I mean the big Greece-Turkey War over Cyprus began on July fifteenth 1974 within a month after the initial coup, and overthrow of President

Makarios there on Cyprus, Turkey staged a full scale invasion of the Island of Cyprus. There were heavy airstrikes against Greek Cypriot positions in the Capital of Nicosia that sent thousands of refugees streaming out of the city toward the south and drove U.N. peacekeeping forces from three outposts west of the capital. Several U.N. soldiers were wounded.(clears throat) Turkey had invaded the Eastern Mediterranean island on July twentieth in a move that almost brought war with Greece. it,it said it did so to protect the nearly one hundred and twenty five Turkish Cypriots from the more than five hundred thousand Greek Cypriots after the Greek lead Cypriot National Guard coup that overthrew President Archbishop Makarios on July fifteenth and also brought about the fall of the

Greek military dictatorship. Britain the colonial ruler of Cyprus before its independence in nineteen sixty order of the evacuation of fourteen thousand British Nationals from Cyprus, and flew in reinforcements for its ten thousand man garrison on a fleet of twenty three planes from Britain Singapore and other bases. Britain has about fifteen hundred men with the U.N. peacekeeping forces. Turkish tanks demolishing all obstacles. Turkish Air Force continuing to hit military targets with all its powers. The Greek Cypriots National Guard is being surrounded by the Turks in larger and larger numbers. Greek Cypriots are fleeing from Nicosia and other cities. The Greek Cypriot radio reported that the national guard has shot down two of the the American made F-4 Turkish Phantoms that struck Nicosia today blasting the airport held by U.N. troops and hitting a mental hospital and installation a round of nicosia