Public Broadcast Laboratory; 204; The Whole World is Watching

yao following program is brought to you in part it is sunday evening december twenty second and this is in the el second season of public broadcast laboratory and experiment in public television tonight david brinkley chet huntley walter cronkite frank reynolds mike wallace john chancellor sandra battleground and others join in a study of the party and purpose of network television you provide an examination of the charges of bias and irresponsibility allegations that tv newsman show the public only what they want to see the charge that russia's of advertisers and corporate management may affect what the utility rejects right the world

is watching with the pto special correspondent robert loggia as rubio second season this is good evening i'm robert macneil those scenes from television coverage of the democratic convention in chicago appalled millions of americans last august in their distressed they've turned on the industry which are dropped the bar into their homes congressman the

local broadcasters took up the private network news from chicago had been sensationalized and slanted now the networks are on the defensive line to justify themselves to various official motto is investigating tv news there is talk in washington of federal regulations in short america's newest the most powerful news medium is in crisis says it's fighting for its freedom to practice independent uncensored journalism doesn't deserve that freedom newspapers haven't by constitutional right and traditions should television be treated differently as television journalism earned him treatment who threatens its journalistic integrity the most government or commercial pressures inside the industry is it responsible is it buys for the next two hours we're going to start a network television news pressures and the patients under which it operates

the attitudes and values of the men who make the decisions on camera and behind the scenes even into ours there's not time to cover everything so we decided to concentrate on the evening news programs and on convention coverage that leaves out the important area of documentaries a national survey has shown that two thirds about of americans regard television as their chief source of news what kind of a certain in getting from a medium that is the twenty years experience in journalism my generation we humans and you

and a law is just our nation's chairmanship we cry sort of mixture of what used to be a movie theater newsreels radio news broadcasts some of the

techniques of newspapers some of the techniques of news magazines and even on longer more expanded program some of the techniques and nonfiction books i think that all we can really do this in a half hour each day is weekend do the headlines to bring people up to date on what happened that day and that running story well we would try to decide what is the most meaningful president of the numbers we tried to decide what is most meaningful to most people and mr longer features three to five minute pieces we can introduce them to the people raking in those which is terrible for they know the leaders in this country and elsewhere make the moon and take them to the places where the news is made so that the vatican identify with the news villagers or on animal anywhere with legos that you see in movie characters without the right number of the number

of evidence all billion dollar industry join the military nbc has thirty years on the maternal line of a giant sigh or rca abc has a brash new law getting its showbiz connections and has a hard time getting a paris lies of the mass advertising which all three relentlessly pursue al qaeda john forte who are moving on to

anything you and then they see the world what they want that organization whether not only nbc keeps its news department under the network through cbs and abc years operating separate buildings the president of nbc news is ruben crying born in canada briefly a newspaperman berlin producer of television news programs created the huntley brinkley report masterminded and b cs preeminent convention coverage and only recently left production for administration oh oh most lung and one of those ways the cbs news president richard sylla phi beta kappa and harvard trained lawyer entered cbs as an administrator not a producer preceded fred friendly in this job and resumed between friendly quit under salon the evening news has

expanded to half an hour if you like you can live that made the newspaper hopefully people will see the movement is in the opinion books over lauer of abc the most widely experience to the news president born in kansas city work for local newspapers the united press like magazine us government held executive positions at cbs and nbc currently he only year they get out then i'll answer that by saying yes we should get out of our league while at the same time that all of these have been that you can't get so that the idea of a new york in color

this is the cbs evening news with walter cronkite god commands the largest news articles some two hundred cbs affiliate stations kerry is avuncular man or someone singsong baritone to almost twenty million people in it a slightly older audience than his competitors in new orleans the eighties the evening news with like little that i've read stories by the next and what evidence is gathered on nationwide tv on one mike reynolds these abcs third of campaigning here to increase audience right now one hundred around the nearly seven million people watch his rivals remember he's a new yorker last

year approximately three hundred million people here while applauding dominates their day or twelve years of success is given that job of the huntley brinkley reporter who i'm frantic air producer responsible for the detail preparation it's less stressful are calling it started about nine in the morning the men and the first thing i will do that check would be almost within fifteen minutes or thirty minutes earlier than non started on the overnight wire electric cables it is an immediate kidney a decision on i don't want him to public order and crystals boston shannon morse who spent two years as a news executive for taking where many consider the

nbc news we came in the morning we were told that there will probably be a silent we're going home on a news conference with the horrible who would be available until a few months to go that have very good or very good or so why don't you point i'm using the bird r are all headed to voters today at the same time another news editor and this week

it's a bomb was a fake and look at a list of all the moment that i mean they are basically all the overseas home from europe comes into your and he will look at all of them a couple of skin began reviewing haven't discussed throughout the day as he looked that we were evaluated daily apart from deadline pressure common to all journalists television in other words the logistical effort involved in getting camera crews to the museum and getting film back involves a staggering expense and the tension the variables like planes traffic weather and lighting conditions so hard for poor tonight the energy these men spend each day simply involves getting pictures on the air they have less time than other journalists just to think about the story and when they do there are further limited revenue stream compression stories mostly agree that the day's events and of the twenty three minutes between

commercials in iraq our new show which is coming from the west coast or a little poem npr video evaluate possibility that this dump postdated in chicago and los angeles and our viewers that will look at that class about it will discuss theories discuss the cables about them and decide what can you do for the program vietnam's show that television could bring us all closer than ever to witnessing a war it also brought charges that the networks overplay the action to the exclusion of the political story i think if you said the matter we turned back he went into a gun show so much you would argue far more than it it's just

inconceivable to me that our you think nbc news gently or cbs abc would drop good analytical report pirate good reporter to use reporting by the entirely reportedly killing the action your time and i was there some of the correspondents get that kind of score card as to which he says were and were not amused and why and it didn't seem as though an inordinate number of combat he says we compared with some first rate freezes only political aereo

the pacification area or long bloody story was the same thing was issued a written statement a reporter in washington gives them a crackhead might be able to give me the heart of that statement and twenty of twenty five seconds out if on the other hand the us read the same statement or senate committee might take a good deal longer for him to make his wife we would probably take the time if you were an important statement to work through a new jill that's partly the nature of the medium one of the strengths of television news is the ability to chill things the way they were i think generally there is a tendency to cover story that have actually we're doing a very important story about the ending in an interesting than the fact that the navajo you television on them concentrate on those attention to members

and get it to them and then not worthy of a human might think from an objective point of view in terms of movies is this what had been a bite of news that have a screeching individual raising explicit regardless of his color creed or whatever and muttering awesome thing is that i think they might do well there what city is not know the news is the unusual and the unexpected if america land the parts on camera a long time regrettably i do i don't really know i don't understand that final never have caucuses and then about thirty and after that people with correspondents the provisions the cameraman working on stories and bureau's working on stories will start calling it will be calling them and give us progress report the final evaluation respect to bring the story down or ship them in their final form available for

the show the view brinkley's washington producer since david brinkley recently moved to new york and dc washington operation no more resembles the bureau's in cities like chicago and los angeles except in washington make more news the networks are held some work by television aware of politicians who have their events or tv deadline this day they had pictures of president johnson owning the apollo seven astronauts thank you i mean thank you

your weekly it's because of the bill and then around three o'clock i were talking three thirty three o'clock we'll apply makeup a finalist this was low amount to the stories that we have not been throughout this story is that an idea that you know that was the story that will in washington to make the west turned over to asia that will then make up the

rundown organization all right it's a i have only one job on the show i do i do and take a piece of paper and write out what's going to be on the show and one or one line so my whole day is directed toward that and it's possible you were to do nothing else on that important thirty minutes each day at this stage the crucial editorial decisions or may run for producers minor questions like these how can it which are moving song sos made an important speech at the sound quality as regular drug at chicago says there's good footage of the fire and the other networks covered vietnam

the most exciting that doesn't say anything different than i get away with summarizing the senate debated forty five seconds as he juggles and trimmed and only on very dull days every room and i would say this is our hardest to make sure that nothing is taken out of the story that takes away it's its accuracy excellent objective of a pixel its context and there are times where if something is too long and i think that they should not because where is much better not have distorted all been revealed except on a very quiet failure or was one of the leading up to leaving out stories of leaving home on the cutting room floor of the squeezing things done not much more than you like them and sometimes feeling that we are doing an inadequate job or perhaps we had another few

hours we would know more about the west without regard to whatever information is available to us at any given time every day and that does create some difficult sports and that probably results in some misinformation on incomplete information i'd be an apollo seven because the take looks at that today and then and then after that we can follow with the czech canister which have argued for a second term agenda the media can sagan and then lee of a movie that i mean i'm a real idea what was the hill from here because it's a more comfortable buy airtime words and pictures of america by the staff of writers room is threaded into projectors in another part of the building or in a room in another survey linked by land lines out the

country while some segments weight on video tape machines very few cities will see the show in my many in the eastern time zone carry it from videotape thirty minutes later at seven o'clock californians will not see it for three hours so there's a considerable effort to get the first chill right until the very last moment new pages or slip into this crazy of late stories around it was in the course of that right laughter yeah i don't know thank you the program is technically a little easier than when we build

this frequently in brinkley now in the same new york studio when something goes wrong technically this time film writer the new development they will stay and do it again so you're going to work you know a lot of attention speakers in fact the networks are extremely competitive journalistically and parading it's not uncommon to see nbc and cbs each carrying missing pictures synchronized almost to the second thank you you're your networks get a little involved in this he competitiveness and you forget all the contests and that's a one four five times when i think of what lies behind that

competitiveness money advertising selling the programs or raising money money is based off of only event of a lot of money we compete so enjoy it would continue to compete we would like to do a better a more thorough job and cbs doesn't i'm sure they would like to do better and better and more we do you mean stay on air longer to do better job than i do find i'm all for it i want to compete there is an essential it's now been shattered to our laws that unless the government has been on the air so when the competition there's a story that we were finishing up and i do it on monday and it won't be ready until wednesday that does not stop us from on wednesday

at cbs sunday sokolow is one of the cronkite producers cbs people saw more conscious of competition wrapped because they trailed nbc for a long time there's a story that's on the margin and we know that nbc or abc is that government might sway us mike pushes the little edge over into covering it and we do our own program every night and watch a different plan and reynolds and if the piece shows up and on one of those we think we should've had or that was better than the one we did then we can to start yelling at the end and try to find out why sarah's and their rivalry most of its price information public relations area but there's no question that all of those people are and what the competition doing that on a given evening when they have a good story that we haven't had normal pretty distressed i don't think the biologics

led to significant texas you later created as a result of competition i don't think that that perhaps a competition lead to an overemphasis hearing one phase of our reporting in vietnam and the snow or actions which made good pictures at the expense of what the meaning of little i think we need to get rid of that cbs would not let us build their newsroom but abc did this news organization has grown in importance in recent years but haven't been able to tap the audience of its rivals it is experimenting with the others stick with known formula one all right act in show when some journals i think of television if there's a frontline journalists followed by a

very weak second time or curtailing all of the really strong third line order and i think that's the way the system works and since we are the frontline we read in fact true that the way television works especially live her feature of the new abc program as frank reynolds involves himself more intimately with the preparation of the regular basis than the other network commentators with other members of the new stop reynolds is talking to abcs perez how respond and jon ross about how to handle the piece topped story in an important stories are not file routinely buy tv correspondents

they wait for orders from new york as bishop body and studies have shown that it helps an anchor man's credibility of the news man to be seen to be involved in the news mm hmm this is

the week no one in the network claims the audience should depend on television other information they all profess to think of it as a given the headline service to be supplemented with newspapers and magazines apparently however millions of viewers do rely on television and there is an air of upon a tone of omniscient television easily unconsciously slips into her to persuade london believe that what is important is here network advertising does not discourage that really which is vital to ratings which are vital to advertising

support and more vital when you run for change and there are several times in the last year it was necessity well when you're at your competitors or more circulation verge of course provide information center jobs and more people unless the commission wanted man and says the process and about the iranians were trying to develop an anchorman that people will tune into and that gets a circulation and i think it's been demonstrated statistically that an anchorman does have this event television as a medium of mass communications laws and everybody says what he shows were doing something communication requires not only a communicator being communicated at

yourself i would say if they came a point where whatever podcast with dueling appeared to be reaching so few people and it wasn't until really keep online i don't that would be at his record over i don't have any vested interest i think there's someone and do the job better than to get the money that's the hard rain snow that circulation figures that's the name of the game oh really

the hardest thing for an outsider to assess is one event sponsors and advertisers have on news programs and i'm sure that you do not affect news content in any obvious overt way apart from the desire to present the news in a manner attractive to audiences ratings yet again at an eu in the documentary pale however there is considerable evidence that the network shy away from frequent treatment of controversial subjects likely to be commercially unpopular but in daily news content commercial censorship is hard to see when the networks not surprisingly deny it i mean fifteen years ago gatton in three different networks of them here five years of abc and i can honestly say that i felt advertising budget numbers mean that the advertisers agree with everything we do we do a live they certainly don't forget and that is that we don't really have sponsors support in the

sense that our operation is paid for by the department's remembers brings in as much money as much money as it spends so no advertiser or who that is in that position the polo support out and the naacp i have then students and sociology come by it will rule on a very even academics and then they look to ask questions you allow him because <unk> any of what's going on what's going on they stick around for three foot were the real americans really an unknown water through the seagull and an animator walt what should be a democrat has a legitimate interest in selling prop living american market accounting is intention coalitions not that is very typical of ukraine

and try to sell it if we do something that damages the sailors is free to withdraw his treatment for a weekend so you do have the problem of conflict of interest rca to get some eighteen twenty percent of its income from defense contracts many of the top bird defense contractors top fifty defense contractors are local station owners there is not judging specific instances of abuse but they're only here is a conflict of interest with a with a corporation that is profiting from more reporting about the war to a nation that is going to determine its future quest with regard to that war based upon the attitudes of the people that are derived from what they'd seen and felt that they were less is a big defense contractor and therefore the layoffs in such

a mangled of namur half i don't remember being asked are told a little story rca or getting requests like that coming from rca through any of my superiors news coverage our head they point directly connection murphy is concerned and be at the party and i can imagine that happening and i can tell you absolutely i never have lived here via the cigarette industry which provides the roughly one tenth of the advertising revenue but the broadcasters are the broadcasters for whatever reason have reduced the

resolve the tens of thousands of americans of that of art history of cancer and other diseases that are exacerbated by cigarette smoking remain a trail by the media cocoon a lot of information about the world outside than the things they needed to know when a trial that cigarette smoking was will stay with anything other than football and there's another automobile manufacturers big advertising the un's a primordial the story was never told in american people by the network's until it became so embarrassed other than a congressional investigation of the print media but they had to come in and say something about it i think the things that television has failed to cover wars covered badly of those things which affect its economic interests and the economic

interests of its advertising and economic interests of its suppliers and economic interests among others who share the basic philosophy and background and participation in the industrial establishment the broadcasting chair of sap imposed censorship the top flight room and then rewire thurman united press international associated press and writers in london and one of the worst in the united states because these are the nation maine pat mounce newspapers magazine very audible la the radio and television outlet real commercial with the resort's the entertainment television as willing to devote to news broadcasters must depend heavily on the wire services and others together the basic facts correspondents of ap upi and reuters originate most of the reporting that comes over the airwaves is a peabody or schedule of important stories is the bible or the

network level is here at nbc more money is made available staff reporters to cover stories but still few reporters and few stories leading newspapers again the expense and effort of securing picture coverage of the central role assigned the studio anchor man i'm seriously under emphasize the original reporting i think that paul to a greater degree of radio and television knows tends to be a little more than reading wire service copy even the networks which have set standards obviously part of those of a local stations in terms of that money and the manpower and the level professional caliber that brought that there was a large are motivated in and sending camera crews out to cover stories by the stories they picked up the new york times or off the wire service one or two of the

only one new york area sometimes that was disproportionate and i would read stories where we've rejected reports for our correspondents i can think of one not long ago a white house correspondents on the phone and he said they're using the b fifty twos and very different way and are using them almost like white or very close and for one reason or another we made a mistake and we did not put him on that i say we didn't cover three days later and as you can imagine the correspondence at me on the phone very early signs of the times story as proof of his original correctness and i

think the main thing we try to do which we try to do in television for a long time one the ad budget and whatever the new york times says is that rent because neither the ap budget all of the new york times is that there is necessarily what's news it may be that there may be other things to write the best story in our communication in alabama somebody on the desk well in the new york times which airs tv newsman also have to cope with critics the same newspaper critiques a report gossipy tidbits about the stars of television and you evaluate entertainment programs critical standards vary but the system as a river diversion from the craft of journalism the most influential critic as jack go over the new york times one of the exceptional you were serious and informed

with a brief hiatus in the employ of cbs world has been writing about television daily and weekly for twenty years he's been particularly as sid us and urging a more serious devotion of television interviews and information program has repeatedly charged the networks with timidity and blandness in their news operations and with the supporting around politicians the influence of the critics even go varies from time to time a network to network i give you is that they have no influence today and i believe that in the past several more intelligent response will create a healthy influence on us and push this direction we go we did things that we thought might please and i don't mean that in any longer true with many

of the news organizations well take them very seriously perhaps more seriously than they deserve i don't know about windows and development versus sullivan as we go a documentary or legend either convention whatsoever there's nothing left to remember oh i accept what somebody says about the impact so we take chris is a very very seriously related what is favorable and when pressed linens unfavorable on the map seems to be sure but it's the only game in town so we'd be a lot of attention to it we have karen madison avenue cloud one of jack who are times longer for more listen to anybody else

who has a circulation much more than we were it's what happens to an athlete and he will say something and becomes the word and that is the basic source that's that's jack unfortunately sometimes it does not work people got was well i heard this year's i heard her on our gps that probably say that the people there are times of chinese style bat newspapers are perfectly free to criticize television or anything else there freedoms guaranteed in the first amendment television was not quite have the same freedom and this is a further difficulty for broadcast

journalism is required by law to be fair broadcasters are licensed under the federal communications act of nineteen thirty four because they enjoy in government franchises to parts of that limited broadcast spectrum or space in the airwaves it's been a principle of american broadcasting the treatment of controversial issues must be balanced and their newspapers only need to be fair if it used to be the most prominent feature of the public anger at television right now is the charge that it is not their goodbyes the charge comes chiefly from the right but also from aleppo i think it is casey was going more inspirational power and know where we see triple play the more sensational

aspects and you're going to you know it was wild ideas that are that a lot of that feeling very splintered and all years two million letters some say like gravity and something that on a great many of them in the course of course of expressing their feelings say you are by time buyers a biased opinion simple is an opinion you do not agree with that or that i've never had a letter and all those millions several other violent and said you're biased but i agree with you if we agree they don't think about it were a profession where where people dedicated to the mission truth and honesty we're not a bunch of business were trying to influence the public i think there has to be a group of people in a

notably any journalistic environment there have to be some people who belong to what we call the united states the national press we belong you belong to that camp you have national concerns and you tend to live in and rubbed shoulders with people who have other national concerns and that washington and i can easily see why people in other towns around the country can develop a sort of almost a conspiracy theory about people live at the seat of the net ultimately there is an eastern establishment left wing bias but that just happened to be because the people who were in the view that way on our program i know we have the army members of that establishment to make appearances guest commentators liberal are far below and what's

seems to be true is that most people who write well dinner in the arts and then the business of communicating in that the liberal conservative candidate and businessman do not find the right way you cant find all your private convictions and the things it seems like the us and the reply the republican base john pleasure as counsel to the republican leadership in congress he has been sharply critical of network news and its alleged bias in some areas in the david brinkley is an example of this is a very intelligent individual extremely articulate blessed with a very effective sense of humor who's use of words in identifying political figures and political issues to my mind consistently and the color commentary

and to edit the news in the process and to create an impression of an individual whether it be a political figure or other public figure in a way that i think is conditioning and many times inaccurate her sole purpose of production of an area is and america's stock and a lot of them a person presumably is expected to go on the air and be objective which is to say that he has to go on there and have no lights no there's no feelings no views no value no standards to be a machine were levi were objective here or if you're objective or if anyone was even have to be put away somewhere in an institution that has to be some sort of vegetable i'm not object like the protest had been there greg management to like and dislike and it may be some indications of years

if it didn't move in a pretty sad very sad condition and the medical condition objectivity is impossible to a normal human being fairness however is attainable and that's what we will not object of your precious you been hearing about time limitations forcing extreme compression of the news the hunger for action making exposition less attractive resources needed to obtain picture the pressures of commercialism competition and ratings the entertainment value is necessary to stardom as a commentator a lack of original recording always make it very difficult to maintain some journalistic standards standards do vary enormously the man we've just been watching probably maintain the best standards because the networks take their journalistic role somewhat more seriously than the managements of many local stations the difficulties of using television as an instrument of serious journalism and not merely a

some show business hybrid are most obvious in law and expanded coverage of big events the patients need to build audience for television and not incidentally help sell tv sets occasions like the national conventions and election night coverage oh yeah nbc provided us this unusual lives of the control room of elections until last november the quality of attention very different from lebanon david ayer the competition is more serious they offer you so we're

on the same criteria are high but more urgently keep the show an informative but you know he wants the competition to stay on top of a complex story all while keeping the sponsors months in preparation the years of experience live behind the decisions that have to be made from second per second on election night in particular quality of decisions is measurable favor of competition forces are reckless election probably the whole country will know the mistake you know when you're giving instructions new hampshire

through your reporting no other kind of journalism in broadcasting is required to report hands while they're happening it's what makes the medium so exciting if the event is important but it adds another dimension to the journalistic the excitement is not continuous there must be something to fill in the gaps the search for diverting incident may replace what is significant but an exciting with what is exciting where does the responsibility to put on a good show and the duty to inform the public sensibly begin and muskets you can play and wonder and thirty percent now and that can go on

since nineteen fifty nine roper research associates have been making national service of avid years the television among other questions before us periodically in which a news medium i found most believable ever since nineteen sixty one that more americans and said they found television news stories more believable than those reported by radio newspapers or magazines this year chicago has brought the credibility of television sharply into question which a lot of television and the events in chicago in just a moment are you rubio a second season continues now with the whole world is was an

examination of the power of network television news on the charges of bias and their responsibility level that ever again at all special correspondent robert mercurio for fun things to complain about intelligence convention coverage ever since they were first florida nationally in nineteen fifty two in general the complaint was and still is reluctantly recording the event but becoming part of an apartment like that one of them fell eleven million to want to fight nominated and renominated and kennedy and nixon in nineteen sixty and jonathon krauss a modern fall off and fifty four this year with debate in the industry over a continuance of the first to summarize the coverage abc went for a late evening for a

double the previous convention audience and if they inflate the us with full coverage for the first time in color colorful republican national miami with no communications in chicago long before the first thought the network went to vote whether they're really about tv journalism in question maybe because you know i'm here to hell i had lived in and we could've called a considerably quicker what it would've taken a long time now i will i live a life rather than having it by the way

is that it well my hope was not among the violent not unimportant that the voluntary route that within the range of the playboy tv cameras flashing the current ruling likely to catch on around the alleged provocation

for and the lobster we all fell apart i think they showed her what's expected of her clothing with evidence that there'd be yelling with at the front of the bar were there and i saw it on television with a horrible record on that went wrong and how it all started and whether or not it could have been avoided the commission to make that decision but the facts still remain speaking now about the responsibility of the broadcasting it with their tv show an american public toilet

intention undergone a revival of credit for the convention coverage that cool have underfunded column of tv report us or make a jackal the networks themselves need to be more careful and restraint for too many hours at a time the viewers might easily decidedly anchorman and before reporters all the substance of a convention rather than the delegates from a candidate like a state and they say that we are not necessarily covering the conventions we're covering the prophet for the nomination of a man who might be president and that takes place in many places that takes place not just on the podium of the convention it doesn't take place in the purely mechanical expression of the man who has the gavel of the speaker who were chosen we all that that no doubt no doubt we are intruders are but no doubt the first amendment of the constitution is that this is the right of the intrusions that i'm sure of a lot of politicians would like to have

no intrusion they exercise what they believe to be their divine right to tell the american people what's good for them we can be an overnight that i wear that day georgia delegation is more thing for the war on the way out for more security were one of the numbers it's b we rely on the

author of the political debate and one half of the delegate lead is being hauled out a whole life to it i do i give them christian and then pitching despite every button away from free flow of information that democratic national convention showing emotion involved in chicago i've been through worse the emotional and we're talking about on their involvement one ornament is the floor of the convention i became a big hit so much of

i shouldn't go home i do however that in a matter of defending freedom of oppression or write the report were looking forward after all members of view for mccain about and the russian was an excuse for not that campaign fifty eight at a newcomer coverage of the democratic national convention in chicago in a little duller than usual litany of the platform dr gould play and the networks were terrified by the prospect of a long lost and thought there are only use of compensations it's not a television program which we plan them control of our times great long gaps where nothing happens

nothing happened we do drive interview on television you can't wait then you have time and as i say we are not really putting a lot of that is that there's nothing happening in the convention hall and we look around for something and that we're accused of trying to interest the whole audience actually gave us and what's so bad about the valley you know the one thing of labor more interested but through the danger that television can and destroy the good thing about a convention for the conventional together and i would play that for one reason the television

comes in and sells the program in advance of a big sponsor what can house admiral cigarette company in order to keep her a job they have to make that fighting the convention no parliament member of the committee really that exciting it really very dark the process of government government candido and but that lets the government parliamentary system of a necessary function as you and me marred by what people want have no one respond but the big sponsors want the advantage for the liveliest most colorful most complete record creating new level of the network the reporters were actually checking them out again jack gould said a bowl of live television is to put the story on the air at any cost without wading even a few minutes to take a measure of a thump

thump you're going to live a more livable than covering one is we'd never they'll move because very often we have to switch somewhere and put on a story before we know what the story is how do you keep your heads clear and be the traffic cop and keep a sense of where the program's editorially in the meeting we had the situation where collections can you describe what it's like well if not at but on the other hand it says it has some degree of a little bit second nature and communications oriana someone mr laurie as you've got it to a degree in the finishing arch you got the award for the four five people at any one time keep an eye on the clock and every boy

isn't even running you are you running and i have reported and still believe that the networks were irritated and put out because they had to put a new yorker poem in chicago at considerable expense transferred from miami beach to imagine the luncheon network presents additional dollars over virtually all they were prepared to sarah miami the thing we get weekend chicago in general it's not only fall would go off it would have if you know how things work you know it can work that way those rules almost fall a tv people were out to show democrats in the worst possible light no no cheer up her car there's also a fight that

in my opinion that they've started a campaign portend a candidate to get his nomination and stoned on the floor you could you could do is one thing that we all were heard when the cameras when the sound was off of one director where you have much less keep as they grapple with goin away like this was not supposed to promote new orleans but what it was that the ethics but the tv men are keeping that we're not supposed to be telling the democratic convention who make to nominate they're supposed to be reporting reporting the news that after the conventions and that we were accused of manufacturing of boom for senator edward kennedy we now know that he was attention lately is the candidate we know

that we don't manufacture anything we couldn't have gone into the convention hall a manufactured of bone for jan o'sullivan or somebody who isn't totally unknown that the delegates who was not a national political figure teddy kennedy had a lot of support in the convention hall is far from clearly demonstrated the fact the fact that a substantial number of the democratic delegates were dissatisfied with the candidate's available to them and wanted somebody else so there was a substantial body of dissatisfied democrats in the conventional many of home wanted to nominate senator edward kennedy and to say that we manufactured is nonsense we reported that but we did not manufactured i think the united states have a brakeman i find television journalist some of the television programs that they do not use television sufficiently as an instrument of independent critical and as we do in this country want to dissolve their candidate i'm so mad then they interview on a

television program immediately after the chicago incident at the democratic convention i would say who interviewed a warm was overcome but i was on but he was not off on the question which he wrote it off as a result of that it's not that would not happen at a huge factor both the man and the way you will prevail while the couple were maybe the makeup session with a family and then a quiet that'll mr bailey i think we've always been mayor richard daley chicago thank you we initiated have you appear to give you a chance to say if you're going to build a country i think of some of my

other riverfront towns were castigated make of the tone of the interview they like my failure to come to grips with mobility miss the point which i thought were the rest with my intention that they're going with the answer that we've not giving me a chance to query america i have a chance to talk about mayor daley and his control a convention of them and that it was only good journalists there you have it for sure i was five and confirm that people did not know what i have

to do we're satisfied than the television industry is behaving out the conventions covering the conventions and in a proper way and the way you know right right that way not lions four of the particular ever occurred in people reported for more but the real unhappiness about the whole story of the repression in chicago about the story that that a candidate boom story about the civil rights problems that we show on the air the story of the problem the criticism we're getting the evolution of good nutrition only

problem is that the establishment doesn't want to share that information with the public have always prospered but the american home of information and normally source of information on what would happen that the public now for chicago to let them unless white people i felt that the networks had let them down but there was no way they could express themselves on that were enacted chicago video the right apparently a great many of the people in the center came down on that led to this sort of what went on in chicago well now older than one thing that a message to another thing that unlike the message to the head of the messenger and we've now playing that role we're in a literal

of it had not yet been figuratively we are people get angry at us because they don't like what they say well i don't like it i don't like it that there's a widespread misunderstanding not perhaps among them all members of american society that about a margaret mellon a widespread misconception of what the role of journalism is people say well why do you keep playing this up they don't see a player because it is an important element in american life and people ought to know about when they don't like what they see whats an urban riot or whatever it might be a record of blaming crime to say would be better if it were left off the air because they don't want to see violence at the last non astonishing number of people we're promoting are advocating but the country also point the country people have come to depend on television of her old pal in their

living room living rooms and they're in their families it was a kind of environment and finally it betrayed them it showed something that was just terrible to think that i was like oh my job mr mickle mayor russian cable about oh you're very smart month who will get smarter and smarter and smarter and inspired more more to be human only local mayors are loyal audience that's where we met the first time during the canadian press the cycle of television and been in the forefront of because we our life north of the

many of the very frankly about them on television it happens that america is not the only country where politicians want insulin phrase to do something about television there is such a move in britain particularly for members of a labor government stung by very aggressive television coverage of politics in el correspondent rebel that reports from london there have been forgotten by the government of the bbq handling of politics a group of government and the bb he would live through the region and he went with ben minute the technology of the attack he retains honest job or uncle critic of photos of commentators were being quite critical and carry with them sound inevitable or the review board through the bbc itself the math i really

do remember a particular line inevitably trips up to the owners of the accumulation of all with the exception of the government to show that it's getting any other body the drawing of my car at the beach he a prominent republican i've been feuding with the baby the human pain the bp with top of the government the performance evaluation at best anyway that i'm reading he reviewed funky on dvd keeper of them are here because you need a method of manipulating television a video beating the people are going to hear you speaking of the labour party conference chris nuttall

thank you a lot of the tv and then go to the usual pol who the night a private operator aaron is it was a good that was beginning to revive because he didn't pee on it the third and the league i reviewed unexpected sharp questioning i'm in the welcome back to television in north beach onto it but many people have gotten the beginning of a comeback for that you began by failing but he believes the report while it's been updated rather lighthearted tied to weekend edition on by the recognition of what other thing they do in

there poker and imogene a family of problems between their political clout mtv show a bbc <unk> going to keep up with the white vote and that they were going to live in on the bbc a number of times this year that meant that yeah i think the live a recognized by the conference liam them what would be the head of video interview program that country my knowledge of him that i remember when i've been to in the region many of moving tributes remark on to do on a ship and taken effect by the company and i think they've come to recognize that because you did say at the bb he ran through the form they would report of the whole section would

be the friend and he wanted to take the jetsons and they'd be within the revered by germany in the division and who would do that by giving it all that and i do believe that about and the non regulation would ban on the five a four engine up and that for me that was a sort of a soft have been to keep work of the other rigs well and that good heart of the title that

al ula and with that we're going to have in washington there are politicians you think especially is in chicago the tv should be accountable to them richard baum of tv guide magazine describes the atmosphere congress according to the information i get as mad or television at this point reporters who covered congress for many years say that they never knew a time was so much hostility toward television in the congress they're mad apparently not only on the democratic side than on the republican side they would like to do something that they don't know quite what to do probably cause we're going to play

one that couldn't have been better and i think after the violence had predictable that there will be will be efforts to regulate the television networks as regards news but i don't think that it's necessarily get the networks themselves will take the initiative's open to them to prevent pronto what we say how we say it that would be i think catastrophic if you do believe in first amendment on the desirability of the government's move as i do we drive for freedom of fighting for our right to do something where fighting for the people's right to know for freedom it's not licensed through the grounds

with freedom of the people don't know how they think there were no winning winning television news and newspapers or any other new solution under government control thank you but the judge or the people involved and have a happy ending to getting yourself into censorship i mean that's where it's a very delicate situation very very sensitive ives that time and time and time again in my humble opinion getting

industry in this country has reached a point with turkey and they are responsible people were doing the responsible job it's not a complete jobs aren't many abuses of course like in anything else and in this sensitive area i suppose they're the abuses are a little more precipitous and much more emphasizing that ordinarily might be the case but there you are i don't think that congress can legislate about though what can be shown what cannot the show a war that we can we can question the editorial policy of a newspaper i mean you run smack right into the first amendment and i don't think the congress will have a friendster i don't think congress can and that it even tried to what would that be like really as both danger of an imitation of me feeling quite the contrary that the idea that media network in particular brought that in particular are probably not be on the check of any institution in our society the president of the united states the

fcc foundations and universities are reluctant even to get involved and i think they maybe now so powerful they're be on the check it has been if they can regulate news on television that's a big old tires in front to go use television as his own personal propaganda instrument for his own personal org to spread his views in france and to exclude the views of his political opponent sort of done in some other countries if there's some attempt to control the content on television news programs great tragedy if they can do it in november david brinkley says president ago uses tv ads its first mobile

rebel this report from paris france the country with the government have a firm grip on television and no intention of letting it go and then the culture on tomorrow mr vogel without television right right it clearly there were great in front of the television for a lot here and going to know by a government appointed body that there can be little or no we don't do that on the record contains the end of the ride and the bottom of the league in dealing with iran that would not be a popular french public would send the pictures of the riots in the first week that they will transmit it without power a lot easier to have shown

floor of entourage during the time but it's hard to find out how they come by that figure that the film of the tenor of them that they've got it right account for much of that time the coverage i thought might go up today the first week with minimal they acted with on the damage to property from the damage to people and he view of a lot yet reflect what's going on the government gave them and they didn't show that kind of the auto hop in the first week that all of everything from portsmouth hundred livestrong with the feeding within a lot here that on june the fourth of much of nine people that the soft protected and eventually struck them are going to me we look at our

mission to the government the government was not only into two edition of her vote we have to wear it does to give information to be part of the day in fact the people that ocean view that people a lot of pain in her purse the end of the year of that i have been an then they go oh and they may because of all that days and then when they want as they were flowing which was show into

our point was probably a lot of you know and when i chew and nobody can deny love that was one thought i knew the opinion over by the lesson and no although union among us and young people have to show the way we would have to in the moon looms at the beginning of our interview you said that you led government budget battle subject to control what kind of control did you

thank you we have to overcome even the commission which verb information and the only quiet for major management record but yet it only one of them a lot marilyn they vote knowing which is you both i know movement of kind of thing i'm the only incumbent from the professional life

coach of the time which is much more important question one for years the women i think off was one detective control and left operate from headquarters where they produced think that like the french television and gagged and autonomy for audience with their pride and they thought the police beat you every night at eight o'clock the independent review of the naacp temple magdalene program camera freed and leader of the strike people approach me and you know the time you know what the mom thing that shows like ours which were very nice very creamy very own mind in the ones they went through it another child that would put up their involvement and their way of showing now this method for your soul and then things began

words because they realized that carter was getting at because people like it because it was we are in contact with and when we talk about subjects that are the usual talk about we were getting bigger and so everybody had the responsible for them being in the us and the companion that weekend oppression was russia on assignment we can control you have one court at issue the government or one people working on with such and such politics that we saw was getting more difficult to be well david the end of

the press which was imposing an immediate as the rest of the report and with it bbq right now is the time for you is the peak in britain there is no real public support for more control of television other commercials or the publicly financed bbc perhaps because britain is experiencing no public turmoil of fierce as the us or france there seems a greater willingness to my television show what realities of life it chooses the crew during the confusion of war

should the treatment of a captured you both by the nigerian federal lawman he knew what our lives you know you're welcome thank you i mean you're there will fade you can you conclude when you kind of the opponent of the global live were there do it and a

lot of the theme of the game of the current rate it's been the fight of the murderer on the green in their own home public opinion that with an outcry from the nigerian before him on and it only now panel why one of your convention could get would be

my pleasure they know even favorite have been picked that in addition to that record of every from above it's understandable promoted to do it for you when you hear what he'd just gotten a grant is going to be is going to shut this morning edition that made an effective and conducted by the man affectionately when a vision of insurance for building at if you think of the problem with additional fugitive kind have to take into account the effect on world opinion on concrete example if you serve that at

all and they also bought the television what are aware of the older than one of the most prominent thinkers and writers about television in britain europe owed him well qualified given a content audit it began at it whether you believe that we have a lot to discover why people i think that want to function coalition should do this to shake people out of complacency i think that the particular democratic society it's one that will sort of consciously people think about situations which my father was involved lava comes a point where a particular

helen hong to our way of thinking i think one as you quite quite clearly i was doing and not doing too often those people to do that as part of a plan to poke around effort to two of our conscious you want to do it as well as a stimulus without an end result because events like chicago and not be treated by television as part of a plan program that for corollas the conscience of the viewer journalistic reactions of network decision makers as we heard are conditioned almost instinctive but a large segment of the public that are thousands of letters to broadcasters and public officials seems to be saying television showed another show them what

they didn't want to stay or should have showed it differently somehow we've not heard any authority suggest that television should simply not show the unpleasant reality of america the kerner commission which started to get the riots of nineteen sixty seven thought it would be imprudent and even dangerous to play down coverage so that leaves the question of how or stories are covered and who besides the broadcasters or someone outside at the moment various groups outside apparently feeling titled tell broadcasters how to cover stories the presidents of the three networks were called to testify on friday with the president's commission on the causes and prevention of violence they have refused to do a number of bodies are investigating or preparing to investigate network coverage of chicago agents of the house investigations subcommittee had been to the networks to

screen parts of chicago film take that were not shown on the air to gather evidence for probable hearings by the communications subcommittee of the house it's chairman representative highly spiders initiated the investigation there been calls for an inquiry in the senate the state of illinois is investigating tv coverage of chicago and the federal communications commission has required the networks to reply to thousands of complaints from the public well informed people in washington think new legal controls were resolved the industry is too strong how powerful a pressure group were lobby is broadcasting in congress why did the broadcasters are by all odds the most thoughtful way i think i make arrest of a look like pikers by comparison because they control the access to the constituents already other lobbyist can go and give a congressman mark obama reacted to the money to take the money to

buy the time on the local station with the local station can incorporate up putting him on a on a local broadcasting in such a powerful lobby as it any really genuine basis for fear that it will be controlled by congress i think very little funny story when fcc was polluted with complaints about the about a commercial radio and television and saw they struggled with but what they can do npr decided that what they would do with adopt a blanket standard out a payment for commercial commercials are on radio a local eighteen minutes which is after all about brood of our programming with because this was the industry's own failure and it's also

the fact that there's been any other guy any other time any other industry that would've been a wild public outcry from the press especially about this out by government for the industry for the regular instead what happened was the industry marked the wealthy that congressman mouth about the first amendment freedoms to maximize every planet in the house of representative united states car passing a law that said that the fcc was prohibited from adopting the industry's own standard in regulating the industry now what other industry can make that thing while my experience and i've talked to all of the presidents of the eight weeks but that's heatedly gabe that that'll think they're intimidated the dalai i think that common cry that you hear all the time i am ain't cry wolf wolf wolf and maybe nothing will happen i don't think that they're that much intimidated of all i don't always frighten them if they've been fighting this strong minded man is five i know i don't think they're intimidated the goal

there are already controls a very insidious major an atmosphere that building a concerning a great deal that news for acting according to their best ones feeling that they're almost condition that decision may be subject to review and i'm afraid of a process of self censorship not somebody telling us what not to be a lot of reporters and editors producers avoiding subjects are incidents because one of the big who are bothered enter japan cat the north koreans

so there's about informed washington opinion says there will not be a freshman who controls broadcasting have too many friends in congress the industry says it's being intimidated by all investigations but pryor's censorship for rizzo and that is de facto control the central question seemed debate if the industry really is part one of the heavens way with congress why isn't that powerful enough to assert its independence it's broadcasting has repeatedly planes feels entitled to the protection in newspapers under the first amendment why doesn't enforce a court test of that right if it is inappropriate cbs president finds the untold violence commission on friday for a government allotted raise questions involving new judge and why does he not refuse to cooperate a party like that who would say the answer is an essential committed to work towards the commercial networks investor news operations will set in a column last month the problem of tv journalism is not that it has been too

aggressive but that has not been aggressive enough most notably an expressive running around major stories originating in washington itself government pressure is not the only limitation on the integrity of tv journalism of pressures and fears of the industry itself a number of the newsroom jerome a barren an associate professor of larger abortion law school says that when the networks of those regulations are crying censorship that money is not to maximize discussion but to maximize profits rather a number of directions in which always do one possibility it seems the remoteness is actually government censorship of television news the record senator fast aren't you run smack into the first amendment no one has yet so that the special impact of television show deny them even the freedom of speech normally there was irresponsible one might point to many shortcomings in broadcast journalism that the number of

consistent miles except possibly alive toward caution would be very hard to prove another possibility is that things were just drift along as they are now the industry has asked the supreme court to declare the fairness doctrine unconstitutional hoping that ruling would assert their right to equal three and with newspapers a record and honor those that central issue the network and tried to force another test another possibility would be to form somebody independent of government and industry reviewing television programs and comment on them without legal sign in the center of body prestigious of not in the public's eyes i'd insert a good influence finally the networks can do considerably more to confront the issue on their own they're on the people who hated the chicago coverage virtually watching there's a certain irony in this broadcast of uncontrolled in a sense the commercial broadcasters are legally freer now than public broadcasters are in a political maneuvering involved in getting the public broadcast that through

congress last year applause was inserted forbidding educational television stations to editorialize obviously we have news about the issues we've been discussing i would be creative talent or public meeting or to publish them but not free to speak and unequivocally right here and that some would say is government limitation of journalistic freedom normal personal point of view of bibi old chief correspondent edward p morgan if i may pontificate present to actually i think i have a solution to the world of television they average american child before he entered first rate absorb quite as many hours of instruction from its own pvc it will get him quiet during the entire four years of his college education along with private of bad that it worked the child character actually uni or

is being bent to fit reality when local communist boys and girls are plucked early from their parents to be instructed by the faith that is brainwashed but in america with intensive conditioning by video free of charge what starts in the millions of market the faith a towering problems of tomorrow or just bad breath from attacks fish and hands and how the protest at the batman he's going to handle his latest project the bright promising all it is but before long we may be able to dispense with those programs and we are quite ready for that revolutionary step yet but the public reaction to the broadcast coverage of the battle of chicago at all that indicates we are on our way to the public did not like what i saw it has come to accept if not welcome the nightly house call of the war in vietnam by a cronkite probably briefly or frank reynolds that violence after all within thousand miles away except when a telegram went to this home like a dagger to the heart and that of course was only been happening for some thirty thousand fans it

has learned to tolerate with revelations of torture and murder of the five pillars because of the dive in the theory of never finish last and the endless gun play of the westerns only personifies manhood in the brave american frontier village also the marathon mayhem of the weekend that games have become along with a ken of beer a fallen living room effect but the chicago footage was to watch those were our kids getting beaten up up there not with the friendly cop on the beat the rebel things just don't happen that way on main street so down with televisions conspiratorial attempt to distort the nose and up with lapin and my favorite martian the beauty of all this is that every hour they argue you simply dismiss that as they clearly than situation comedy becomes reality i mentioned earlier a solution to the evils of the day this is that we're becoming a nation of teenage through baby conditioned to commercial flights have a lot of ball and with a brand new threat of

that if a marvelous with them no wonder the broadcasting industry probably flawed itself as a public service that service reaches its peak in an election year when a candidate is not only privilege but obliged to feel the wind who hath his worldly goods in order to buy television time in order to recover the industry which is only in business because of his light and do you create a precious public utility the airwaves lucky break away from fantasy here long enough to amplify the focal for broadcasters are in business to make money not to perform a public service to the public which is wound up performing with the rest of them won that group is firmly grass a view of the far deeper understanding of the problems with the fat news coverage on television and of the circumstances of the wonder the tv news is good or that is an added benefit that can be very good in the experiment in public broadcasting likely be hell they nibble away at the

commercialism with powerfully in cases the conscience of the industry but the truth is we have a noble very effectively so far meanwhile i can't get out of my mind what that prekindergarten american child would grow up to be if it's television tutoring were given some constructive quality and what he is going to grow up to be if it isn't jane and the shape of those people are going to be it is buying this has been another in a continuing series of interconnected rock produced by the public

broadcaster laboratory of it is sunday evening december twenty second and this is bibi a second seat at no