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Desegregation was a long time coming to Boston. A federal court order finally bore through two decades of resistance. Boston was found guilty of willfully creating and perpetuating a segregated school system. As the nation watched the long building wave of forced integration broke over Boston last September the symbol of desegregation the school bus appeared on Boston streets. The reaction was predictable. The anger has manifested itself throughout the desegregation. In the first days there were isolated incidents of violence when school buses carrying black children were stoned and so on Boston. But elsewhere in the city a calm prevailed and there was talk of surviving the desegregation. But on the streets of south Boston the trouble continued. For a week there were daily confrontations between the police students and residents. Police escorted buses in and out of South Boston. Riot equipped officers formed a bizarre show of force
on the streets of this American city. But the most persistent opposition to desegregation came from parents throughout the city who silently kept their children out of school in support of the white boycott. The advent of the day was three hundred twenty one black would be white in the minority. I don't have an estimate of enrollment or want about from some called the resistance or blatant racism. Others said it was just parental concern. Whatever the motives the resistance was real and it was strong. For the first two weeks attendance throughout the system was low but slowly it began to climb. Although to this date it has not reached Preedy segregation levels with the attendance growing. So did the tension in particular across town from South Boston in Hyde Park High School. You would think if you look at school you go. Because people who are going to do that. The outlook was we don't have the will and I'm not one mean I mean you know we
sat there but I mean today you didn't go cool we've got what goes on in the schools. I didn't say did I tell you that I'm going to Hyde Park High erupted. The school was closed and members of the Ku Klux Klan had arrived in Boston. Although their presence was felt they failed to muster genuine support. But at the grassroots level the seeds of disruption and resistance were being planted throughout the city East Boston in Charlestown parts of the city not even affected by the busing held sympathy marches and boycotts for Hyde Park and South Boston. The resistance was spreading south Boston still looked like it was under police occupation and the calm that was in other parts of the city those first few days had been broken. The mayor had a divided city. And he and his staff began to question if desegregation could work in Boston it was the disorder that made the headlines despite the fact that only a few schools were actually disrupted those first weeks. Elsewhere at schools like the lease school in
Dorchester black and white children learn side by side. At the Martin Luther King's School all black Last year the numbers of white children in attendance grew daily. So too at the low end Bergen matter Pam. White and black children were in integrated classrooms and in most instances there was no serious trouble.
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Series
Teachers' Domain
Program
Earth and Space Science
Title
When Did the First Americans Arrive?
Producing Organization
WGBH Educational Foundation
Contributing Organization
WGBH (Boston, Massachusetts)
AAPB ID
cpb-aacip/15-fx73t9df3v
If you have more information about this item than what is given here, or if you have concerns about this record, we want to know! Contact us, indicating the AAPB ID (cpb-aacip/15-fx73t9df3v).
Description
Episode Description
In this video segment from NOVA, recent archeological evidence leads scientists to revise existing theories about human migrations into the Americas around the time of the last ice age.
Description
Why is sea level lowered during an ice age?Scientists sometimes need to revise a theory in the light of new evidence. Explain how the discovery of 12,000-year-old tools in South America caused scientists to rethink their explanation of human migration to the Americas.How does fossil evidence indicating that bears survived the last ice age contribute to ideas about human migration in North America?Do you think it is possible that if bears could have survived the Ice Age, humans could too? Explain your answer.
Description
Who were the first Americans, when did they arrive, and from where did they come? With limited evidence, scientists have long proposed a hypothesis that linked the migration route and the timing of the migration these ancient people to the end of the last ice age. However, new evidence suggests that this widely accepted hypothesis needs revision. This video segment adapted from NOVA describes how archaeologists are using this new evidence to develop a better understanding of the founding of the Americas.
Description
In this video segment adapted from NOVA, recent archeological evidence leads scientists to revise existing theories about human migrations into the Americas around the time of the last ice age.
Description
See related asset "ess05_vid_firstpeople_Backgrounder.xml"
Topics
Science
Subjects
earth system :: origin and evolution :: geologic time :: fossils; Weather; climate; Earth's History; science; earth system :: origin and evolution :: geologic time :: carbon dating; earth system :: weather and climate :: climate changes in history
Rights
Rights Note:Streaming only,Rights:,Rights Credit:2006, 2000 WGBH Educational Foundation. All rights reserved. A NOVA Production by MDTV Productions for WGBH/Boston. Illustrations courtesy of Greg Harlin - Wood Ronsaville Harlin, Inc. Still images courtesy of Kenneth Garrett/National Geographic Image Collection, Setor de Anthropologia Biolgica, Museu Nacional/UFRJ Brazil. Animation courtesy of Schwartz/Giunta Production Company.,Rights Type:All,Rights Coverage:,Rights Holder:WGBH Educational Foundation
Media type
Moving Image
Duration
00:03:39
Credits
Producing Organization: WGBH Educational Foundation
Publisher: Teachers' Domain
AAPB Contributor Holdings
WGBH
Identifier: 1cdc0b5c26dda7000acc79711f9b43e8c127d981 (ArtesiaDAM UOI_ID)
Format: video/quicktime
Color: Color
Duration: 00:03:47
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Citations
Chicago: “Teachers' Domain; Earth and Space Science; When Did the First Americans Arrive?,” WGBH, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC, accessed July 2, 2025, http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-15-fx73t9df3v.
MLA: “Teachers' Domain; Earth and Space Science; When Did the First Americans Arrive?.” WGBH, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC. Web. July 2, 2025. <http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-15-fx73t9df3v>.
APA: Teachers' Domain; Earth and Space Science; When Did the First Americans Arrive?. Boston, MA: WGBH, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-15-fx73t9df3v