Changing World; 7; South African Essay, Part 1: Fruit of Fear. Reel 2

What. Life for all races in South Africa has been shaped and influenced by its religious institution. Well the African I was and a nationalist government the Dutch Reformed Church provides a morality and a misty. Religious authority and political power. I united in South Africa to a degree probably I'm Sabbat in the modern world. The Right Reverend the blank Bishop of Cape Town has a habit of expressing himself candidly and critically. This may be one of the

reasons he is now back in London. The governor has passed a policy that is tearing people out of the church. I believe and he's born again to be trained again. I am.

I am I am I am I am I am. The African population look to their Christian leader to bring them out of the miseries of freedom. This is unconscionable for which the churches and in proper response will catch the spirit of compromise sometimes

uncompromising Christian sects springing up almost apocalyptic sects in South Africa all of which have a kind of looking for the promised land will be theirs again the land of the white man took from them will be returned to them. The Church of Zion is one of the apocalyptic sex pictures attracted members in South Africa is kind of an orthodox religious movement is free from the white missionary paternalism prevalent among the established denominations.

It also provides one of the few opportunities when Africans can assemble and express themselves without fear and in addition the people who participate in these baptismal rites find emotional release from the frustration of daily living. Today most of South Africa's beautiful fertile firearms are in the hands of white landowners.

In contrast most of the African reservations are eroded and overstocked pasture lands over two thirds of the African population live in the rural areas. Obvious people about one half work on the white owned farms where they live under conditions approaching serfdom. I am I am. Wages are much lower than those paid in the urban areas. These Africans have no claim and no hope of claiming the land that is owned exclusively by whites.

In 1896 my father was a very old man enough to have nine sons and he says Before I Die I want to ban arms foam from my son and he cracked up with four horses at the waggonette from Johannesburg and came to this place which is a hundred eighty miles from Johannesburg and we settled here. When we came to places only and have to do is make it out of any peasant life. They were dotted about in various ways to spend the day playing from one to another and we even had our own and we couldn't get these men to. But today we have to. African labor days are forced by poverty and misery to leave rural areas and

find work in the mine. The first stop is the local mine recruiting office where the men are photographed fingerprinted and have their all important passes checked. Men who go to the cities often for a year or more must leave their wives and children behind it. They are transported into the great mining and Industrial Complex centered in Johannesburg. Their numbers are augmented by Africans from neighboring countries and territories. On a rival Lee's men are processed almost like cattle.

Oh. A. Those who are accepted are given tests and classified. These workers are required to carry a pipe across a pool. The

complete series of tests poses problems a very in difficulty to a group of men without a leader who ever appears to put himself in charge of the group that's demonstrating his leadership may be promoted to the supervisory status. Boss boy. Miners live in concrete bunk houses separated from their families who are not allowed to come with them from the rural areas. Their social activities are limited and generally one of us. They are fisted boxing to prop it up past time for single men who have time on their hands. The brutality of these fights gives some hint of the hostility and frustrations smouldering

just below the surface. I am during off duty hours mineworkers drink large quantities of beer of low alcoholic content made from corn or they screw they go to the government operated outdoor barrels I AM I AM I AM I AM I AM I AM.

A few men find their way to the more sociable shit beans which provide stronger drink as well as female companionship. I am. Places to forget and enjoy life should be can be anything from a back alley to an abandoned bus. They are operated illegally by women called a.. With me it was capital formation and industrial development.

If there were some diamond led to the financing our exploration of the exploitation of. The financial editor of the Rand Daily Mail Herald Phrygian is a skilled observer of the South African economic scene. Contribution to this country and identity the white man's contribution has been the secondary cause of the advances of Africa but fundamentally if we would not have had in this country if we would not have had diamond. And then we would not have had this right and proper This would have been a white country with ripens and black presence out in that meeting and deciding their interest.

Out of South Africa's gold mines 70 percent of the free world. Glittering profits are made possible by an ample supply of African workers who can do little to improve their lot from striking. And if they cause trouble can be fired and shipped out of town. An important aspect of the South African economy second industry developed today. The position is reached when it is still the basic element of the economy national product which

is diminishing as a secondary industry is increasing proportionately. The American investment here is quite considerable. Its importance. Is greater than the amount of money invested. You know what I mean. This surge of American investment and display of brand and corporate names is all that most South Africans know of the United States. Black Africans are left with the disillusioning impression that Americans are participating fully and willingly in the South African Bonanza and accepting the conditions of apartheid without question or protest. Common Eglin is a progressive the body supported by South Africa's foremost tycoon.

Harry Oppenheimer. I think it's significant to note today that after 16 years of a government promoting separate development they are more nonwhite people in the towns and cities of South Africa than they ever were in the past. I think it's interesting that our whole economic labor force is geared to the nonwhite labor potential seven out of eight workers on the farms in South Africa or non-whites six out of every seven workers in the mines of South Africa are nonwhite and approximately four out of every seven seven workers in secondary industry on on right people. So no matter how one might develop theories of separation or separate development the fact is that the vital economic force of South Africa is based on a multi-racial labor force. And this cannot be distilled without disrupting the

economy of South Africa. Mr Phrygian voices the thoughts of many business people in South Africa who believe the surging economy will make social and political integration inevitable. I frankly believe that economic forces will in the long run be the decisive factor reasons for thinking along these lines. And if one follows this line of thought one can see that peaceful change might come in South Africa and instead of a bloody insurrection as many people feel the economic development. We have the materials we have the men and we have the drive the capitalistic drive to make this country expand in order to fulfill these forces we have got an integrated life. These people participate. They want to participate not any

political. I want this movement. You cannot possibly stop it. Begin to enjoy increasing standards of living in this country and they are when the time comes for change they will have a stake in South Africa which they will not want to lose. From the other side of the color line this argument appears unconvincing. Molly and Corsi was formally a representative of the outlawed P A C the Pan-Africanist Congress party is now in the United States. We have this argument that the present economic boom in South Africa is going to be part of a solution or perhaps a solution to the problem South Africa has. This sounds a neat package argument but it is very deceptive. The question of population growth amongst Africans

and the questions of automation and the fact that Africans will not be given the wage commensurate with the jobs they are holding. All those arguments I think show that there is a definite fallacy in the question of South Africa's solving the problems we are now confronted with. Africans are encouraged to be skeptics by the apparent unawareness so many businessmen like Robert Murray. I'm not I'm just a businessman not a politician I never concern myself very much with politics. The thing that has surprised me about all this is that by a lot of the population of this country seems to be quite happy with the present arrangement. You know I've heard it often stated that this kind of country is liable to blow up in your face at any minute. I think that's absolute nonsense

and I would say there are a few countries that I've visited in recent years less likely to blow up in your face at any minute. And most people in South Africa are pretty well contented. Now the thinking here that I would like to emphasize and I think should be kept in correct perspective is that violence is not spoken of as violence among South Africans for the sake of violence. It comes to a point where it is very frustrating if you have to be a peaceful demonstrator. You have to be a peaceful Cumbrian and always have to end up having to bear the responsibility so to speak of the number of dead people. One sooner or later one begins to feel obliged to protect these people and their only way of protecting them perhaps is by arming them. And in this particular case I think African thinking is being very objective and I think people should try and understand it. Now obviously then. Putting things as bluntly as they are in South

Africa one has to also bear in mind the enormous consequences off of a conflict between these two groups of violent conflict. What comes to my mind immediately is the situation that prevailed in the Congo during the end lived of the white host ages. The liberal cautions of that particular action were tremendous and for a very brief time we sure saw very sharp differences between black and white even as far as the United Nations and the racial overtones the debates took way enormous. It is here again when I think one should take into recognition the fact that this is an international problem and that South Africa's situation is such that it can really tier the world into two camps it has the makings of doing exactly that. On this somber note we conclude the first chapter of our South African essay. We have seen the African majority excluded from a share of their country's golden

prosperity. We have seen them stripped of their rights and dignity. We have observed a variety of attitudes within the white community. The powerless liberals the businessmen integration at least economic integration as essential to continued economic growth. And finally the dedicated Afrikaner who sits firmly at the controls. Beneath the surface are strong indications that the Afrikaner would be willing to sacrifice

everything even South African prosperity rather than risk African domination. Ultimately it is the Afrikaner fear of being engulfed by the Africans which spells tragedy for South Africa for the fruit of fear. African se. I can program an exploration of South Africa's political machinery and personality and the consideration of South Africa's isolation from the world community. It's title one nation to nationalism. It.

Is to be the National Educational Television Network.