The negro American; The Abolitionist Crusade

I. Mean that has gone through Negro history it has been this dream where you don't probably of America standing up and living up to the bright promises of the Declaration of Independence. Then too is the essential American thing. There was no theme and we got a life that is not a cream of American Right because the Negro is a market to feel complete. Ok Sir Benjamin we borrowed to distinguish under Tory and that negro his or something at that school in a series of talks saying I'm a Negro American abolitionist crusading beginning in 1830 comes in a general reform period the ferment every form characterized this period preceding the Civil War. So there were all sorts of the promise of women's rights movement the Temperance the prison reform the peace crusade. So this was a general period of the fall. But different

from all of these reforms was the abolitionist crusading that was different in two respects. It's different in the first place in that it was a section of the phone. By the time we meet in 1830 the institution to beby form was under sound and to be proud miles were in the nor' nor' nor' really pro-America had that every prom. There were really prom are three things to be we are the same. But the thing that makes the abolitionist crew say something different is that this reform is going to have to factionalism sectional animosity a thing which is going to endure long after the Civil War. So there's no other reform. This polarized sexual death and therefore the abolitionists who attack it there in the north they can have the simplicity of vision because they are

not dealing with the problem. Those who are being attacked in the south and therefore they feel they are being put upon by outsiders who do not understand. Therefore northerly has this characteristic. Now another great thing about the abolitionist crusade that made it different Marjorie from the person is to be say we were all of the same racial room. You know our other informers the persons different groups. But in the abolitionists who say all of the persons to be saints lay the rest. These were of me him. The whole matter of race and color and race and color are erected in the abolitionist crusade and of course they were erected in no other crusade. So do the abolitionists Crusade have distinctive characteristics which leave their

mark on history long after the Civil War and that's why we don't notice these things. No I did not say the abolitionist crusade is going to engulf every other one of these people. Make every other one of these reforms go into a period. Of. Inertia rob the country for five years merely addresses itself to a civil war. This one great reform so that in terms of its influence and impact on our national life this reform is going to have a magnitude that no other will form of the nineteenth century hand. That's why it's worth some attention to the abolitionist crusade. Now when we come down to the Crusaders side the modern abolition movement begins with the A with the 1830s with William Lloyd Garrison.

There had been as we indicated an abolition movement going nearly back as far as the German town protests by an organized that of the Chanson movement beginning in 1775. Now those are organized the abolition movement that began then tracked a great number of public figures tracked the number of eminent men in business and public life. But this isn't the abolition movement if you could call it that was a rather mild and gentle and reproving attack on the side it was not militant was half of the slavery did not like slavery but by gentle persuasion and by reasoning and by talking and by extending to the south every good wish by avoiding militant language by a general point like approach they hope that the South would abandon slaves so it will remain a regular abolitionist movement.

But we generally don't think of that because a new GNOME is struck in the abolition movement in 1830 that the marriage of William Lloyd Garrison in 1826 there were one hundred twenty six abolition society in the United States. Hundred twenty six one hundred and six were in the south. The sun had abolition. But when we come down 1830 the date we just reach the picture changes and it changes because a negro named David Walker if you should document David Walker's a piece in which he urges the sleighs to take militant action to overthrow the existence of slavery. Now burst document right in the side. In 1831 the South was rather frightened by Nat Turner. And

1821 on January 1st. William Lloyd Garrison. Issue the first number Abhi deliberate. After this where do we need those hundred six societies they go out of existence the south is going to close ranks and therefore after 1830 the great abolitionist sentiment that we matter the star this is going underground literally. And people like the wimp insistence and Sayer and Angela and grumpy people like James Agee Bernie these other start winners who were never going to leave the South so that after 1830 the new militant abolition movement a new tomorrow I will largely predicate as compensation a mediator mancipation not gradual such as Lundy in the earlier people. I'm compensated so that we meet a new

militancy a new harshness. Actually in tone. When we meet the mother of the radical abolitionists of the 18th the immediate uncompensated slavery is in the people. Slavery is a sin. We want our power to solve any longer. We will not solve any longer a new number. And this is what we mean by the new abolition. They're now going to make the order abolitionists had made them and actually of course the old revolution. I had not adopted this program this approach this is no compromise no rules by the strongest Lane Garrison and these powers use very strong language almost incendiary language. Back back to this week the boss himself because he was even militant so that we need a NEW know in the abolitionists crusade and therefore the sentiment in the son that had existed this is we say this

is going to close ranks when we know this. So right back. So that we get the garrisons to abolitionists the new front right slam bang attack on the institution of slavery and those who held slaves are not the understanding or conciliatory what they would call the appeasing approach to the abolition of slavery so that this is a thing. Sometimes people decry Garrott whom they decry as methods has been out there been all sorts of psychological studies again. But those who despite the garrison approach and the garrison technique simply must ask themselves what happened to the abolition movement before GAM if that had work. Garrison would have been necessary but sometimes not people say a militant approaches. Kind of approach then XYZ because it is offensive in some way these men oversimplify. They call slaveholders all sorts of names they have

no sympathy for the plight of the slave on the fact they were most misunderstanding from the slave owners point of view. The person must simply ask himself any other approach work. Some are paid very little attention to abolitionists until the gal is phoney and type of abolitionists and then of course they had to respond because the gas attack was so direct and so unequal that there was no way to avoid meeting it head on so that we meet a new No. In the abolition movement personified by William Lloyd Garrison pictures we saw our it looks like he was in the field and William Lloyd Garrison great in the abolition movement. Now garrison of course did not believe in political action but the model instrumentalities as he called it. So did we meet in the garrison among

abolitionists great splits within the movement. One of the things about reformers people who are generally listening to a different drama and we mustn't expect reformers ever to get along. Along with the sound. Not that kind of person. So that among abolitionists there were the militant abolitionists in our talk about the radical branch abolitionists. Even among them there was great disagreement as to strategy and tactics. Therefore in 1840 a group of abolitionists who believed in using the ballot in giving an anti-slavery interpretation to the constitution and they entered the abyss and they put in. Into existence an operation that liberty which was a party devoted to the abolition of slavery. This is a party which in 1848 is going to emerge in the free for all. And then in 1854 into the Republic in Prague.

So we meet a group of abolitionists generally outside of Massachusetts who do not like Garrison after 1840 although Garrison was president of the American Anti-Slavery Society from 1840 to 86 the liberated with his personal order which he edited from 1831 until 1865 so that there were a group of. Which is outside Massachusetts. Who did not follow Gav and the most people in law. Yeah or from the new abolitionists. In fact there was a standing we was a $5000 GA for anybody with the William Lloyd. Garrison was identified with Abolitionism. Many people act as he so so identified with Yassin and generally Former my countrymen men in my country in the world of the model on the mask of the liberated one of the universal reform and best remembered and properly so

for the abolitionists who say but we do meet a whole school about abolitionists who go into political arena in addition to other arenas. And these of course break from. And 1840. They farm and farm Anti-Slavery Society. So there were splits within the anti-slavery ranks are going the same way. All uncompromising but differing great. And as we would expect we form people who are by nature. We might consider contention and our own and people who are going to break our one of the greatest groups against it in the abolitionist who say with me going particularly a scape flame. And they were joining the abolitionist ranks of abolition. Thank you the greatest of all the president down there any number of negroes who themselves were in the underground railroad operation against slavery.

We mentioned the fact that there were newspaper is the slavery the Negro church that was negotiated with broke it was picked the abolition which was unusual for many churches so that what we might say the negro women are this was one of the pack and it was an improper backdrop particularly because it symbolized and there poured in like bread picked out all the love for the main uring go. All these men a great number of them had been slain when they went. Doug with one of many that I wanted when he stood up his speech his. Gaffe in a couple of anybody could say because those of us who live criticized reform because they are bad man

they are men who don't observe the amenities of society but something. We have to ask am I simply covering up for the back I do nothing at all and I find them very complete. When you want to do in the front crawl in there is to be wrong no question about some of the techniques and some of the modus operandi. We simply have to be honest and say something else at work. What would I have done. We have been listening to Professor Benjamin speaking on the negro America for a series of broadcast was produced for station by the Department of Education or broadcasting for the Detroit Public Schools executive producer Frederick E. Schiller technical direction Clifford where.

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