Toward a new world; East-West relations, part two

Then. In connection with these idealogy could change yes we could be in the Soviet thinking we have witnessed also in the past. Fine for almost a year now. Significant changes in the in the thrust Soviet bloc relationship. They don't require our elect share of its own to describe us. But again there is no doubt in my mind. That the development in the Soviet bloc if it still can be called the block. Has being of great significance that certainly we are not racists which I'm. Presenting to you today would have been timely out of order or had I tried to do it 10 or 15 years ago. In starting this time one can characterize the Soviet world as one more lonely thick structure

called drone in every respect political cultural economic military Foreign Relations called Crow buying more scope. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe can be dependent upon Moscow where they will separate themselves from any contacts with the West. Well. There were no political economic and cultural contacts with the West. Well what we have now witnessed in the past few years is a process which is in general called the process of liberalization. You know all these fields. The Czech The polish the Hungarian Romanian papers and so on. They openly criticize Soviet cultural developments American movies

American television programmes such as bonanza that are now being projected. In these countries. American playwrights are we in the economic field. Every one of these countries has them but embark upon an appalling sea of economic reforms. Which have significant in the field of pouring Polisi the foreign ministers of these countries and Prime Minister trouble to every blessed Europe and capital and price of the representatives of Western European countries go to Eastern Central Europe only a few days ago really Brown the foreign minister of West Germany was in Rumania the first visit to any Central and East European countries since 1938 39. Even though basically these countries follow.

The Soviet blindly in letters of foreign policy. Nevertheless I can give you quite a few examples of disagreement among them. The last example being the Rumanian. At the Q2 was the Israeli are up for the war which ran against the Soviet position. And above anything else of course. The thrust of your relationship has been greatly influenced and weak and corrugated by the Chinese Soviet Cold. This relationship has been weakened to the point that some scholars do not speak it any more about the Soviet bloc. They say the Central Eastern Europe has been not only the style you guys but also the subtle lie.

And one prominent. Expert on the Soviet foreign policy rich lower recently wrote a book with the subtitle this integration of a secular state. Now a bit of warning. These developments appear to be very promising them so some kind of stubble are used. Within the Soviet block and in the relationship with the West. I think that we have to be aware of the possible dangers of pre-birth being to open it. We have to count with it that there will be ups and downs. The last remnants of Stalinist in Prague in Warsaw and Bucharest in Bude up best and so on. Large just waiting for the opportunity to see that for instance these economic reforms which are now being experienced

will be unsuccessful. There will be ups and downs. There will be zig zagging and yet in spite of these amongst experts the Soviet. Union agreed that in the ground this process would slowly baronies ational East University. And then of course. We have witnessed great changes on the world scene. We have had considerable impact upon the Soviet behavior. And therefore upon the Soviet American relations when styrene spoke about peaceful coexistence following always Alain's example. He would make it clear that in the Soviet theoretical thinking these poor coexistence was nothing less than a policy of expediency

that is their own Can I could give you an exact quote from Stalin's on this as WOn't ANSWER revolutions not the right as long as the international capitalism is not weak. As long as the Soviet Union is not is not strong enough we sack must be for peaceful coexistence. This is this is the law all at Worli five plagues. However at the same time he repeatedly said last value his last writing in October 1950 to repeat lease all about final ability. Now because the question arises where the crew sharpened Brashear when they speak about peaceful coexistence where they really mean I believe that they do not because they would

sincerely believe in the cause of peace. Not because they will be indignant at the thought of the war but simply because they have no other choice. They have no other choice than maintain peace. On the whole on the global scene and particularly when confronted with the power of the United States because the only or peaceful coexistence is a nuclear a holocaust. We play now publicly a May. Will be the end of the Soviet system too. Not only as The limited to the capitalist American system the nuclear weapons barons have come tell the Soviets to bring more realistically about the dangers of a nuclear war

and then of course. They have been compelled to know about it. Change the world because as I already indicated and as Mr be spoke about it yesterday so eloquently. A new course nothing new for us but from the start be a point of view a new force at every turn. The world see. And that is the force of nationalists. We continue to live in the age of nationalism when every country big or small things first of all about its own national interests. When hundreds of millions of new people. Have entered the world scene. They are seeking the dignity of life. They will to a certain day national. Sovereignty. And in such a

situation. And in the national erect less holy see of communist expansion. Would be doomed to failure and therefore the Soviets aware of the situation off some 420 stubborn States on the will. Have now to apply a more sophisticated more subtle policy they have to be more cautious. They are more aware of their responsibility. They have to rely on a more customer a diplomatic methods. They have to be more flexible. They want to achieve some success but being flexible means they also. Have achieve the point where we have different choices in their approach with up theirs just as we have now the different possibilities and different choices when facing dissidents. Now this leads me to my final point.

I state that the beginning the quietest Soviet American relations will continue to be one of the most important. Problems for American policymakers and we will see that at the same time. This is the thesis that I would like to present in the coal pollution that the direct confrontation danger is so receding that the confrontation that we shall witness in the American Soviet relations. Will take place in the vast areas of the developing nations that will be will not be a confrontation by way of arms but by way of competition between two irreconcilable. Idol G.S. and competition in the economic field. The look of the thought process of the Congo front patient

real change is that has changed already. In 1956 and 50s served when. Khrushchev was about to get rid of Murdoch off. In one of his public speeches Zendik 8 did the moral act of did not use the humility which developing nations advanced areas of the Soviet foreign policies I think the most absolutely right form are out there all of the troops Stalinist in Lanius. He concentrated the Chiefs are asked of the Soviet expansionism in Europe in the industrialized areas for mocks based all his theory on industrial society not on the back of an agricultural society but was a ride that mocked often Stolley and missed the

opportunity of spreading communism and particularly Soviet power in the developing nations. If you remember when Guarino showoff undertook the first big travel propaganda trip. To India and Burma and Indonesia then they came again then add new countries of Asia on their visit. Then when later to Africa. He did sense the opportunity which the situation of course than in the developing nation and we can expect for sure that the Soviets will compete with us in the field of I don't know G and economic competition in the area of the developing nation but most here are ninety nine year old an article far enough that you are rather hear a shrink whistle

then to see us abandoning commies. But for sure they will not abandon all communism. They even tried to preserve the communist system as superior to the capitalist system. They cannot abandon the system because they have vested interest in it and they sincerely believe in its superiority over the capitalists. And he also on the same occasional. This is now almost a year ago invited the United States to come be with the Soviets in the economic field. They've always tried that. To convince the developing nations. That they have system. It's not the only ideologically superior to the capitalist system but that it offers us an example. To the developing nations. And the example to be followed in the field of the industrialization

of modernisation of their life. And yet in spite of this competition in the ideological and. Economic field. They have not been very successful restaurant as one can see. They lost Indonesia they lost some countries in Africa like Guinea. And the Congo. On the other hand one must keep in mind in the aftermath of the Israeli Arab war. We'll bring the Soviets deeper and deeper into the Middle East that. If not all sure and subtle diplomacy is a lie that there is every danger of that. Nasr and others in the Middle East will become satellites of the Soviet Union that they will increasingly depend upon the Soviet Union.

Now even there is then a competition between east and west. In the vast theatre of the developing nations in the eye the world economic field then we must admit that while these nations in the Middle East Africa and Asia have not global communists they are not democratic either. We must expect that this struggle will go on for an indefinite period of time and it will be if the thinking then seeps Drago forward the orientation of the developing nations in world affairs. But we would be in D who are Democrats and Democrats small d the would be Democrats. If we had not played in the final outcome of the struggle. Thank you very much.

Thank you thank you Dr. Karp out in the session. Question. The heart cannot feel like I'm in charge today. However as you're not going to accept the money for all changes and yet I think that the

governing power in this couple like oer teach us that the Soviets are out of the arms of the boss when the chips are down. The jury during World War 1 when the Dow and UK will be. All are missing the end of the armies and the danger of disintegration. There are many examples Czechoslovak legionary during the walk. All the Serbian Army during World War One. So the area which was under the old ost for

Hungary during World War when there were mainly NS The Hungarians Slovaks when just were on the other side. Where the situation becomes fake than the Army's not dependent so much up on the local commander as the Quislings is dependent up on the real feelings of the of the people and I would say that that was something of a change or instills Rumania often just more advanced. Any political opposition to the Soviet Union. About a year ago asked who the first secretary of the Communist bod no maniac criticised calmed it criticised military blocks whether these men not only criticism of mate all but also of the war so back of the communist military will

come off a year ago or so arranged by the Warsaw Pact countries. They are signs all we can need directly of the military forces in Central and Eastern Europe. Even in model the C'mon they're not the lead among the soldiers themselves. We're right. Why.

Such a way. That will become more and more where the consequences of your response and development the current developments. But maybe that is just the kind of demonstration of weakness which China faces

weakness which may come her own model or his followers who take more rounds we look at the we'll see some expose. Believe that I've been a choice on the part of commies China today. Some signs of the Vietnam War where they are full of good wrecks but yet have not reacted violently to the developments in the north. These may happen. I thing that competent observers believe that China will hold Of course of the Soviets or so more Laura. As far as the developments are so this goes so

early. All you have been listening to the Institute on world affairs a series of lectures and discussions held each year on the San Diego State College campus. At this session the principal speaker was Dr. Joseph Corbell who is the dean of the Graduate School of International Studies for the University of Denver. The institute brings together noted leaders from all walks of life who address themselves to the perplexing problems that face mankind. The Institute on world affairs was broadcast and recorded as a public service by the KGB s radio and television facility of San Diego State College in San Diego California this is the national educational radio network in.