Maryland State Of Mind; 601

Funding for this program is provided by the 13 institutions of the university system of Maryland. Additional funding is provided by Bella Landtag your guide through the wilds of communication. Coming up next on Maryland state of mind meet two Shakespeareans who were uncovering intriguing clues about the barred the way. Put a fox on his way out. How was stage blood created in 1:44. Take two aspirins and do your qigong in the morning. Western medicine is recognizing the value of some alternative therapies and using them to complement conventional greetings and is global warming threatening our beaches even our homes. One expert has some startling answers. I've drawn attention. Germans are fascinated by American jazz. And who better to give them a lesson than an American. It's all coming up next on Maryland state of mind.

Oh Romeo Romeo. Well thought out though Romeo. Deny thy father and refuse thy name or thou will not be black swan my love town no longer V Capitol Hill Mall. I'm sure I speak this. Hello I'm Scott Simon. When William Shakespeare penned those immortal lines 400 years ago I couldn't imagine his work

would resonate through the centuries. His recent resurgence in popularity only proves that a well-turned phrase is timeless. Now to university system of Maryland scholars one from NBC the other from buoys day have discovered that their meticulous research on the Bard is in great favor. They pour through antiquarian documents or course across the Internet. There is no question that the Bard is bad if his brother William Shakespeare. He was a playwright whose writer's block was cured when he fell in love with Gwyneth Paltrow. Make that viola de Lesseps or so the story goes in the film Shakespeare in Love. The movie is almost entirely fiction of course and it couldn't be otherwise. Although he produced one of the world's greatest literary legacies we know surprisingly

little about Shakespeare himself just that he was born in Stratford upon Avon in 15 64 that he was an actor and major playwright in London and then he died in 16:16 at age 52. All of which makes Shakespeare a rich subject for scholarship. The university system of Maryland has produced two renowned Shakespeare authorities Leeds Beryl a professor at the University of Maryland Baltimore County and Hardy cook a professor at Bowie State University. They both recently are in the system's prestigious Regents award for their scholarly contributions. One question that especially intrigued Beryl was why after a period of prolific writing Shakespeare's output suddenly declined in the early sixties. Hundreds a lot of people when they are thinking of Shakespeare's career see him as writing a lot when he was younger and then tapering off

when he was in his 40s. He did start writing fewer plays after 16:4. I have lost my Shakespeare in Love. Playfully suggest that Shakespeare suffered from writer's block but Beryl suspected the real explanation had to do with the plague that disease spread by fleas from infected rats had flared up in the early sixties hundreds in London. I was interested in the epidemic of bubonic plague because that was the one that seemed to lead the authorities to make the theaters close. I was interested in the theater of closing because it struck me that you couldn't pull in plays on a closed theater but how to find 400 year old evidence that would support this hypothesis by scouring records at Washington's Folger Shakespeare Library. Beryl was able to develop a week by week tally of London plague deaths pay then correlated the death rates with references to theater closings and other documents.

He determined that to reduce the infection risk authorities closed the theaters when plague deaths reached about 30 a week. Where I found out in my own work was that the playhouse were closed a lot more than we thought they were. In fact in a book on the subject Beryl writes that the theatres were closed for a total of five years between 16:1 3 and 16:11. My own argument is that there were fewer opportunities in which to show plays at this point so that it might not be in his interest to write at this particular point. It's unclear what Shakespeare did instead but I don't think Shakespeare was getting tired feeling tragic and decided it was time to call it a day on the Shakespeare scene because clearly the moment theaters open we could begin to get what we call Shakespeare's final period when he's writing many many plays again. Well Bero labors in the hushed Elizabethan spaces of the Fodor party

could maneuver in the high tech world of cyberspace. He runs one of the hottest Shakespeare discussion groups on the Internet. One of the things that technology has allowed me to do with the listening is to bring together a community of scholars theatre persons students interested bystanders eccentrics and all sorts of other people from literally all around the world. The way the conference works is that members soon to me separate email messages. I organize them and then send them out. This generally generates then ongoing discussions. One of the more colorful exchanges. Focus on how to represent blood onstage. One of the issues is the costumes are not cheap and you don't want to mess them up.

A Renaissance scholar offered one suggestion. There's always the old medieval trick of using ribbons to suggest a cascade of blood. Others offered up some modern recipes. Try Kairo serve two parts red die one part blue food dye laundry detergent and chunky peanut butter for that extra Gorie effect more philosophical was a discussion on whether Shakespeare was anti-semitic. That exchange was provoked by the troubling character of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. Although in some ways Shylock's seems to be a sympathetic character not a Jew Jew. The play also presents him as a vengeful money lending Jew who demands a pound of flesh when a merchant defaults on a loan. It is a play that is very ripe for discussion because there are so

many different issues with it. We are used to villains in Shakespeare but where is there a level of loathing expressed about one or even comparable to the sentiments of the merchant. What was that Shakespeare talking or was it just one of his characters. It's not as if the Christians and the players sympathetic embodiments in their faith. What an awful Crill. We must not consider Shylock. As a Jew. The show strains of the Sonics archetype and Fabula Pollyanna and negative aspects spring from the archetype. Grad student Andrew White takes part in these debates. Sometimes it can be arcane. I mean we are talking about a lot of scholars but Professor Ralph Cowen insists the online talk is more than an academic exercise. Discussions of anti-Semitism or racism or or feminism in Shakespeare are so resonant because of the plays and how important they are to our culture.

So when you're talking about it in Shakespeare you're not just talking about in fact we are talking about it in our lives. So it's this kind of shorthand for discussing ourselves. Of course it's tempting to wonder what Shakespeare would say if he had a chance to log on. I think if Shakespeare was able to time travel and come back and oversee the list he would be fascinated that people are actually talking about what was to film popular entertainment and principally a paycheck. Ah but that's something only within himself could tell us it's medicine for the mind and body and it's gaining an acceptance later on Maryland's state of mind. Something uniquely American and appreciated the world over and George Gershwin is one of

its stars when it comes to jazz. No one loves him quite as much as the German music and the mood seems to strike a chord in their soul perhaps reflecting the energy of a nation emerging East with West. So you're never invited to bring the essence of tomato bureau with a special performance celebrating Gershwin. They made quite an impression on the Germans. They created atmosphere friends and all that jazz in the heart of the city. You can feel the energy and energy unlike that of any major metropolis in the world for Berlin is being reborn unified for nearly a decade. The people of Germany continue to heal towering cranes of construction stretch across the horizon building a democratic Phoenix out of

the ashes of communism where once armed guards stood at the confines of the Berlin wall people pass without notice where proletarian workers once walked the foot of the capitalist. Now treads and where creative minds were once carefully controlled the sounds of artistic freedom filled the air. A few hundred miles to the west in the town of Oldenburg music is in the air as well. Drifting down cobblestone streets. Those who listen hear a song from a man born a century ago who once combined the classical styles of Europe with the jazz and theatrical of America. It's one of the many sounds of George Gershwin leading a trio from Townson university is Carolin black so Teer our trip to onboard to bring

Gershwin here to the university started back probably two years ago. We did a big Gershwin gala at Catholic University with a cast of 30 people to celebrate Gershwin Centennial. Such a great show. We sold out. It was very well-received and we thought that there were more people beyond the task area that would love Gershwin. I love Europe. I know that the Europeans and particularly the Germans have a great love of Gershwin and fascination and so thought wouldn't it be great to take some American music to all or to Germany setting up camp in an Oldenburg university building for the Arts Carolyn with bassist Thomas Williams and pianist Tim Reynolds are not only here to perform Gershwin tunes but teach the American sounds of music as well holding master classes for two days. Students of all ages have the opportunity to learn these unique styles.

When I heard about this possibility to have such wonderful music gifted then I thought it's very important for us for our students because we have a section which is going to sit on music cause we don't do only classical music here. So I thought it's the best way to have authentic music. Here I go with the phrase to play players when they're in the classical style you have to really adhere more to the written page. It's very important to observe every mark and and obey it and stretch the rests. There's not an end in the jazz or musical theater idiom you can have a lot more freedom to have your own interpretation of the music. Masterclasses have been very enjoyable. The students are very nice have been really easy to work with. I think this can be much more raucous. They come from from a background of being more it's more based on making sure that you're following the

notation in the score exactly. Help yourself a little bit but as far as being able to do the inflection of the jazz rhythms it's a little more foreign to them and they're not used to that. All these are seven course dominant seven chords and it goes from ear to a 2. The biggest difference in the interpretation of jazz has to do with innate feeling that it's brought to the music. The German quotation of course is that this is an amazing contribution to what we know is classical music. It is really a major influence when we're talking about jazz however we're talking about music that comes from a different place. The music is not so much coming from the page that we're reading but from what our experiences in life. That's where the blues came from people the Blues were about that the pain and sorrow that the slaves and of the black culture went through and this is their way of releasing their energy and releasing the energy is what jazz is really about. The middle section

when we work with the stones very much so I see that they are able to talk with us and we're able to relate to them through the music. It's interesting that the Germans in general if I can be general do not have the same natural feeling from Gershwin and for American popular song that we do. I found that I take for granted somewhat that I can sing a Gershwin tune or feel a certain rhythm something that is not natural to them something that they would like to understand better. And that's part of the excitement of the exchange on their final night in Germany. They perform the Gershwin concert. It's a sold out crowd b

b t by George Gershwin. I wrote about two years ago for the American popular song series and we presented it. It was a great success. Recitals Now days when you consider the typical concert recital is kind of a dying art form. Unfortunately someone coming up standing in front of a piano and singing and people applauding to get an audience is a real tough thing to accomplish. So what I'm trying to do is be a little bit more progressive. We have added visuals to the program. There is a pace there's a sort of inner drama in the show itself. There's quite a bit of narration. You learn all about George Gershwin so that by the end of the evening when the concert is over. Not only have you heard an incredible amount of his music but you know where it when he was born. What inspired him to write where he lived. Who

influenced him. It puts everything in perspective. He loves to all these two will he be able to do. I think Chaz is one of the finest American exports. It's truly an American treasure. And I'm so proud that I'm allowed to have the opportunity to be part of all of that and to take it overseas to the Europeans. He spoke to me you know

our spirits soar along with their voices as they honor one of our greatest. Later on Maryland state of mind when acupuncture was first introduced to the west during President Nixon's trip to China in 1972 western medicine looked askance at this rather strange looking treatment. Thirty years later therapies like this herbs and exercises like qigong are being evaluated and prescribed by western medicine. Not so much as alternative medicine but Moore's complimentary medicine. The University of Maryland School of Medicine has created the nation's first academic center for the Study of complementary medicine. And they're doing nothing less than re-orienting medicine but my GYN the

Roxanne to really focus. I like thinking about the horizon getting screwed and the stress. She'd gone down to the Phoenix is an ancient Chinese practice. It's believed that each delicate movement has a therapeutic effect on the mind as well as a whole body. It's amazing because I started to get results right away. I can feel it almost as soon as the needles go in. Acupuncture uses tiny needles to relieve pain and other ailments by stimulating a system of energy channels called meridians that flow through the body. It's very unlikely that the next time you visit your doctor he will recommend one or more of these therapies. U.S. physicians historically have been slow to adopt the practices of traditional chinese medicine or the more than 300 other non-Western medical treatments that are in wide use in numerous countries around the world. Most American

doctors aren't trained in these unconventional remedies and are skeptical about them because there is little or no scientific proof that they work. But today a small but growing number of Western Health professionals are breaking with tradition and incorporating these treatments as adjuncts to their practices and they are finding that eastern medicine can complement the West Dr. Brian Berman an associate professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine is also a family physician and pain management specialist. In 1991 he pioneered a program aimed at studying the efficacy of the various complementary care systems the complementary medicine program RCMP operates out of Kernen hospital in Baltimore County. It's a first research project of its kind in the country. What we're trying to do the Universe Morone complementary medicine program is to one offer a wider range of therapeutic options for our patients

and one where the whole person is taken into account. But we are trying to do this in an evidence based framework where we want to bring in therapies that have some real solid proof behind them. Dr. lexing lú the clinical director of the program is trained in western as well as Chinese medicine an expert in acupuncture therapy. Dr. Lau follows an ancient map to stimulate the body's cheat and promote healing. What you see here the lines that's this it is is called memory that I call it and which is in Syria. Traditional medicine is running the that is running the meridians So silver as a channel to manage around the body system and your thoughts. We call upon point according to see if the body this and there's an

appearance on embroiders a sort of tenderness and radiance in a way that the needle in such a spot on the points and that we can get from the needle to the internal organ. The philosophy behind many of the complementary alternative therapies is one too that the person's own body has a sort of life force and that by stimulating that the person can begin to heal itself. We know when we put a needle in there something happens no matter where you put the needle in that you stimulate a lot of neurotransmitters. Well does that have more control over the fact that if you put the needle into actual acupuncture points and also just the fact that putting in a needle and the whole oriental medicine floss behind it can be a powerful placebo. So what we're trying to look at is separate out the real effect of the treatment from the sort of non-specific effects or that they were

getting better anyway through the course of time. Placebo effect or not. Soon another study will begin that holds real promise as a treatment for a very painful and crippling disease. This is where it bothers me. And what happens is my leg the top of my life becomes numb and I could go right. That I could fall. In 1995 SCMP was awarded a grant and became a center of complementary alternative therapies to treat pain under the National Institutes of Health. This year that effort was expanded to evaluate acupuncture ability to ease arthritis pain. More than 500 people over the age of 50 will be solicited to participate. Making it the largest study of its kind in the country. These things seem to work for patients who have chronic pain. I think that's fascinating and I want to know and help do the research to find out if that's really true. It may not be true. Dr. Kathryn Wright is a medical psychologist who teaches mind body therapies to

help patients overcome pain and illness. Her work helps people tap the energy of the mind. There are ways to cope and think about your illness that can either make it worse or make it better. So one of the things we do with our mind part of the mind body is focus on those things. If you can imagine for example if I say to you imagine eating a lemon if you have a really bright yellow lemon and we slice it and you can smell it and you can taste it. OK. What's happening in your body. Probably salivating. That is what I help people tap into that power of the mind if you can use that amount of power that you can salivate just imagining a limit. Imagine harnessing that to be able to control some of your physical symptoms to lower blood pressure to decrease pain. The body part may do things like check on or other types of

movement therapies that are helpful for stimulating the body to kind of heal itself. It's my hope that in the future we will see many aspects of complementary medicine and conventional medicine working together. We will be taking a view of what is the most effective cure for that particular Heaphy whether it's the meet the authors who weave dreams for children and memories for adults later in our show where Marian Anderson sang on the steps some 60 years ago her voice rang out with majestic beauty and social significance to honor and remember this great diva Marian Anderson international vocal competition is held every four years at the University of Maryland College Park as part of the ROSSBOROUGH festival this summer over 30 performers came together not only to compete but to

share their love of a talent and a woman both justifiably called the perfect instrument. The Kennedy Center Washington D.C. one of America's foremost cultural venues. Tonight the site of the finals of a major vocal competition event director George Moquin takes the stage. It's been an extraordinary 10 days at the University of Maryland. Indeed it has for one and a half weeks this past July. The campus at college park rang with the voices of some of the finest young singers in the world. Marian Anderson international local arts competition and festival is celebrating its third edition this year here at the University of Maryland at College Park. The competition attracts young artists who are already emerging in their careers who are already performing in major venues around the world. The competition which began in 1991 honors the accomplishments of the

celebrated contralto Marian Anderson in 1939 the daughters of the American Revolution banned her from singing at Washington's Constitution Hall. Infuriated First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt arranged for an Easter Sunday concert on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. It was a triumph. Her name became associated not only with high artistry but humanitarian values as well. At the core of the competition is the jury seven highly accomplished singers whose international reputations give enormous luster to the event. Soprano Evelyn Lierre and her husband baritone Thomas Stewart know what they're looking for. I look at the total package which is singing interpretation personality. There are so many things that go to make up a great performer who by this two notes that they sing

already a ha. I want to hear more when I paid to hear this person sing. Will I come again at the Spurs. The stakes are high. The winner not only gets $20000 but a recital at New York's Lincoln Center this coming November. A competition like this could possibly be the one thing that gets your career taking off. It all adds up to pressure in the first round all 33 contestants perform for 20 minutes before the judges at college park's TAWS theater. Each moment needs to be a showstopper. So a lot of thought goes into putting together a winning program. I think the first song is probably more important than any other piece. Presumably the jury has not heard them ever before. So the first three or four notes out of their mouth is going to tell the jury almost everything they need to

know. The singers must have a deep understanding of their material and that may be the key to success. Twenty years ago metropolitan opera baritone Gordon Hawkins was at Maryland on a baseball scholarship. Today he is teaching by example how not to worry about errors but to play with heart. When you get on a performance stage people dont pay necessarily to hear what you shouldnt do. They come to get some sort of spiritual food. They come to get some sort of enlightenment and they pay to hear you if you have nothing to say. Probably has more to do with honesty and truth than it has to do with executing X's and O's. Singer Shirley emans and performance psychologist Alma Thomas team up to run seminars that offer young singers the latest insights into mastering their art and themselves. One doesn't know stress until one has been in the Olympics.

But this is the Olympics of vocals. If people think they're being judged then they tend to try harder and that means they're using their energy in the wrong place and so the performance tends to drop and the key to a competition like this is being able to manage pressure. One of the best techniques for building self-confidence is to go to master classes all during the festival. A lineup of All-Stars conduct sessions with the kind of tips and coaching that stay with a musician for years. Marian Anderson competition puts on nightly recitals featuring some of the world's most celebrated artists artists like Polish contralto Eva POAD Lesch these recitals are a chance for audience and competitors to refocus their sights on true artistry. The semifinal round brings the remaining 12 contestants to the stage this time

singing 40 minutes of material. The judges carefully sift the performances looking for the best three singers to send on to the finals. The decisions made everyone reconvenes on the final night of the competition at the Kennedy Center where three finalists to perform with a full symphony orchestra before a very discerning audience. First to go is Russian Teegarden my Trojan on a Polish charming bass whose elegant lyricism and chants the audience next is American mezzo soprano Eleni motto's possessed of a silky opulent voice that soars and swirls with great color. Finally there is 22 year old American soprano Barbra Quintilian who sings with precision control and ringing purity of tone.

All three performances are impressive and for amateur handicappers too close to call. But the judges decide that they have heard a voice worthy of a first place prize. And guess what the first prize is awarded to a bad reaction to the young Barbara Quintel Jani who that night sang with depth and understanding that went far beyond her years. Wins the prize the money and a date to sing at Lincoln Center For those with the heart courage and dedication to pursue a life in music offers rewards beyond calculation. For confirmation we need only examine the legacy of our own national treasure the great Marian Anderson they bring justice to the streets and hope to the disadvantaged. Later on

Maryland state of mind The boy stared at his reflection in the water and to his surprise he turned into a frog. We all remember those lovely moments from childhood when somebody read us bedtime such wonderful stories and memories stay with us forever. Frostburg State University is celebrating the authors of children's literature. After all they're the dream weavers of budding imaginations. This summer some of those authors shared how they make the magic that almost always starts with the words once upon a time. I'll try one more story of Aladdin into a lab. Right I'm going to make a girl. What does this mean. What is this poor. It's a patch. It's a square with four levels. And that means you're poor for reading.

Or as this year's summer author Institute at Frostburg State University graduate students parents and children had the opportunity to get up close and personal with several children's book authors. The summer series is put on by the Children's Literature Center. Bill binman is the director who started here at Frostburg because we were trying to honor two people who are about to retire. We had our first conference in 1982 after the first successful spring festivals of children's literature. We started with the summer author Institute. So now we have a roughly eight or nine children's authors or illustrators or storytellers on campus every year. Actually I'm a professor in the educational professions department at Frostburg State. So this is something that we do on weekends. And it's something that we all love. And our goal is to spread the word of children's books. The quality of children's books the United States is phenomenal.

Carolyn readers here Terrilyn readers forte is historical fiction. She has written six what I call fat books but our chapter books chapter books aren't Illustrated except for the cover. After reading shades of gray some of Carolyn's young fans sewed together a collection of their own illustrations into a huge quilt. Of course the book that is most relevant to this area of the country is my most recent one Captain Kate which is a story that takes place on the CNO canal on its towpath and we have Kate and her step brother Seth to say the family's livelihood. They must take a canal boat loaded with coal from Cumberland to Georgetown

as a waterway followed a hairpin bend of the river. Kate looked ahead at the towpath curving before her and found something was wrong up there squinting into the morning light. She felt her chest constrict a huge section of the bank had collapsed and now only a narrow slice of topass separated the canal from the turbulent river below. But probably the best part of this summer's session was getting to meet illustrator Kevin O'Malley. Things on an angle and now you have a cube and that's that's great. You know I've got perspective and I've got a box sitting on a space and you put a single line in there. Now I've got a box and that's even better. But it gets rates when you put the ball and you drop the ball in the box and it comes out the other side. And now I may just think that there is no bottom on the box and I said Dude it's like power. Mm hmm.

And later we visited Kevin at his studio in Baltimore. This is a test score big and noisy Simon. So this is the dummy book. This is not for main nontraditional not a traditional dummy book because it's done on loose paper. Usually I do a dummy book. You'll hang on one second and this is a usual dummy book it's a 32 page mock up and I'll sketch the pictures out and paste text in later on and send this along with sample pieces of art. This one a pen and ink this one a rather rich pen and ink brown ink is than this one instead of black.

This one using a different kind of pen with brighter color. Sometimes ideas come at the strangest moments. I keep a journal and writing it all the time but I write down dumb ideas. Well Leo cockroach. We actually had water bugs. There was one in the kitchen and I would turn on the light and then we would sit and I've just gotten squashed and another one would appear and I would leave him go I'd take him outside and he would come back and soon I started to think well maybe he's trying to tell me something and I got this idea for a story of Leo working as a toy tester. I'm trying to put things in there that for that time when a parent and a child are reading on the couch you want to put things in there that the adult will laugh about. OK. Thanks. This spring. Bill big men will be putting together another festival.

Number 18 an event sure to please Fras birds many children's literature fans should never have gotten. We have to provide experiences for kids in our area who would never have the opportunity to see an author and illustrator for work. What we do the power people in a child's world are the parents. And so if we can entice them to get into children's sports it's kind of passed on to that next generation. The seas are consuming our shores at an alarming rate. But what can be done. Find out later in our show. Just it is a crucial part of democracy but it's one aspect often denied to the poor because of its cost. Now young lawyers in training at the University of Baltimore are learning how society benefits when all of its members have access to legal services. The students work with community groups to improve their neighborhoods their streets and ultimately their lives their work and some of the greedier areas of the city gives new meaning to the term street legal

over the past decade the city of Baltimore has undergone a dramatic revitalization a nationally acclaimed inner harbor new sports facilities and prime office space. But Baltimore's urban renaissance has not affected everyone through the years drugs crime poverty and vacant housing have taken a toll on some of Baltimore's neighborhoods. Concerned residents of these communities often fear their voices are unheard snuffed out by the chaos in the streets. Buildings have been like this part way out here. There was a fire in one of the fire and we had a fight. So in an effort to clean up their streets

residents have turned to an unexpected resource. The University of Baltimore three years ago the school started a community development clinic. Its mission providing free legal assistance to neighborhood organizations and they are the best. They have helped us a great deal. Things that we would normally take a long time to have to fight about. They cut through the red tape and we get it. The community development Clinic is one of six clinics at the University of Baltimore designed to teach students legal skills in a non classroom setting offering a helping hand to residents who want to turn their communities around. The clinic is headed by Associate Professor Jane Cherkasky at the community development clinic has has two goals. Both educate students and it serves community groups in Baltimore. Students are willing to take more time with community groups than many lawyers would have to offer even if they're willing to do pro-bono

work. We hope to teach students about their social responsibility as lawyers to help the community students enroll in the University of Baltimore Community Development clinic for a one year period where they learn to apply law learned in the classroom. Out on the streets it's taught in law school is often about business or basically middle class concerns. So in the clinic the students have a reason to turn their attention to a law that serves poor people. I think we have helped open the eyes of some students about the stereotypes they had of poor communities for the past few months. Christopher Wolfe and Jason Hessler has provided legal assistance to the new South West community association. Their first mission to date a pedestrian footpath now an avenue for drug traffic right here where

the guys run to elude the police Hi ground Brown. It's amazing what these people face every day in our life. You know I get to go home to my house you know with air conditioning and everything is set free. And to see people living in similar conditions are living and still gung ho about cleaning up the streets or fighting the drugs. It's amazing. Our clients are groups that are fighting to improve neighborhood conditions. Most of them don't have very big budgets. They're doing a lot with very little in East Baltimore. The FERO incentive community association is also reaping benefits from the community development clinic with help from law students pakka tends to it's community

garden. The group's mission is twofold to beautify the neighborhood while providing food to needy residents. University of Baltimore graduates Linda Mason and Christine Dunker 10 helped up put together complex paperwork enabling the group to become a non-profit organization. We walk the neighborhood and talk with people here to find out what the garden meant to them and how they felt it was important. And I think that helped us to more aggressively go to the city administrators and tell them how important this neighborhood association and the garden is to the community. We were able to get a space pipe for the gardens which means that they no longer have to pay for the water needed to water the gardens because they're doing such a service for the city. A wonderful thing to walk the people coming back in here. The young lady's help was coming back in this neighborhood. I hate tomatoes. They already got us out. We're the number

one garden in just about right and we can find them for the airport and that place is when you come into these neighborhoods where you really don't even want to drive through with your windows up and your doors locked right. Then you get out and you go to these community meetings and you meet the community leaders and the people that are working so hard to improve their quality of life. And you just want to do everything you can to help them. It's just a very empowering feeling and it makes you realize well yeah this is what I went to law school for. Now get together in West Baltimore Terriss PO tenant council president Lorraine Leadbitter regularly meets with University of Baltimore Law students. One thing that we did here and the Terriss its about management agreements and through the negotiation process that management agreement the students were really exposed to real life negotiations working with developers who had a lot of money and a lot of fancy lawyers

and all the residents. There was that the clinic and we were on equal footing with the other lawyers and I think the students really enjoyed that negotiation process. Hi John as the public continues to grow director Jane Schakowsky looks to the future a time in which community lawyers will bridge the gap between those who cannot afford good legal help and those who can. I think urban universities have a responsibility to the communities that surround them. We should be as we are in the community development clinic paying attention to the legal issues that are right before us. It's very heartening to know that they were respected in the community and that groups will come to us for assistance. We're getting a reputation that's going to be tappers. For more information about the stories featured on Maryland's state of mind visit our Web page or call 1 800 4 7 7 8 4 3

7. The term global warming still generates controversy in some circles. And yet there can be no denying that sea level is rising and our shorelines are receding. An expert from the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science has been studying this phenomenon for years and his research is unsettling. Whole islands in the Bay for example are just being swallowed up. The question is what can we do and how long do we have when it comes to drawing a line in the sand. Five forty million on the starboard side by sea level. Full scale evacuations ordered in New Orleans greater temperature increases are still the cause of the rising sea levels of the Chesapeake Bay watershed become the watery grave in our future will rise to levels that will raise shorelines devastate our economy and onto the map of the bay forever. At the beginning of

this decade sea level was rising at around three millimeters per year. By the end of it the sea level was rising at more than 3.9 millimeters per millimeters is only an eighth of an inch that we have to remember. But it's when you combine year after year and if you do have an accelerating rate we start to get into the problem of having been for a century. Well in terms of rowboats I'm not so sure that we really need a robot but what we do need is a lifeboat here of a certain dimension that we can really take care of a lot of Marylanders in the next century. For the last 20 years Dr. Cortes Stevenson researcher at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science and his colleagues have quietly amassed disturbing data on sea level rise in the Chesapeake Bay studying maps and county records convinced them that since 1850 sea levels

have risen as much as they did in the preceding 500 years what would happen they wondered in consternation in Dorchester County much of which is less than five feet above sea level if sea level rose by three feet. Stevenson and his colleagues document the dramatic land loss of formerly stable populated islands. Some have disappeared. Others have shrunk until they are no longer habitable. A case in point that we like to look at is James Island at the mouth of the little shop tag. It's in Dorchester County. At one point James Island was so large that it was probably about 2000 or more acres by the end of the 20th century. We see just a little sliver. So we have a situation where things change very dramatically there are erosion on James Island is fierce. The cloudy water that erosion creates.

Maurice Stevenson testing these disturbed waters confirms submerged aquatic vegetation is dying off due to lack of light. One of the things we can do of course is to convert the whole island into some sort of hardened structure and try to make that into a payment area. That's one of one possibility. Another thing is to look for a species that might have a little bit more staying power might be able to grip the sediments better. So one of the things we're trying to do is figure out what trees might be best in certain situations unchecked. James Island will cease to exist in the near future. That would complete a process that began centuries earlier when rising sea levels cause James Island to break apart from the mainland today over a mile of open water divides the two gold coin a Madison homeowner lives in the shadow of James Island. So with the breakup of

James Island we've noticed more and more Thoreau's in coming in here the big change we saw was when the underwater grasses and vegetation disappear everything started it just accelerated at a very rapid rate. Why is this one of the things that we're trying to really figure out how to crack these problems without killing our asses. If you put these stones along here it might be a problem. So one of the thoughts this is also breakwaters in conjunction with various governmental agencies Stevenson and his colleagues are seeking solutions to problems sea level rise creates offshore breakwaters is one promising countermeasure. I don't think it is all gloom and doom. We definitely have some more ideas on things that can be done. Is there another area where erosion control studies have begun is in tidal marshes tidal marshes the

traditional nursery of the bay actis shoreline buffer's sea level rise is changing these grasslands from marshes to open water. Does removing the buffer. My hypothesis is that elevation change is greater and the frog mite is Australia's community versus the Spartina species community. And so I'm measuring not using sedimentation rows in table and also the quiet core freezes the moisture in the soil around the sample allowing for an accurate measurement to be taken. Jill a graduate student at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science is working under the direction of CT Stevenson to determine if Phrag middies a much maligned grass species can with its fast growth and mass erosion and reduce Marsch loss although results indicate it can. Currently we're moving in eradicating fracking might is and perhaps is best for us to leave it along

shorelines and coastlines to prevent further erosion erosion and rising sea levels are being exacerbated by a 17 percent growth in population along the bay shore lines increase well-water use by this expanding population is depleting aquifers. This depletion in turn is causing the land to subside. We have people that have to undergo. Sometimes it's worth the erosion in one storm and one of the things that we need to really do is try to come up with a strategy on how we can begin to deal with those issues. I mean one of the suggestions was just evacuating the low lying lands and just let those lands just be eroded. I really rather look at the landscape in a much more complex pattern and say well we can probably say portions of it. Clearly a better statewide strategic plan is needed to keep Marylanders human

and natural heritage from washing away. Rising seas are a thorny worldwide problem which requires that we identify effective global solutions and make the necessary changes in our habits. I pray they have enjoyed our tales of adventure science and literature found in this splendid performance by the university system of Maryland. We shall return this winter with another set of adventures for your review and pray you join us then. Until that moment for the whale or Maryland state of mind IAB my humble servant Scott Simon. The

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