Freehand Drawing; 5

To. Be. Today we're. Going to draw. The cylinder. And the cone. And the sphere of the ball. And then we'll see. How. These forms disguise themselves.

In objects. Common objects. A. Little later on you'll have a chance to draw this picture. With some additions. Coffee Maker. Cylinder. Cone incomplete but it's still a cone. And a sphere. And. Let's section the sphere. And then of course later. We could add.

Another column. Or. A cup can be a cylinder. As in the case of a mug. Or. A cup can be a sphere. As we would have here. I invite you to have paper and pencil ready and in a little while you can draw along. You'd need several sheets and you may draw on the front and back. Now first I'm going to show you some simple ways of sketching the comb. The cylinder and the sphere. Then later we'll have a drawing and a picture like this if you wish to draw along as I sketch the three basic objects of

today's lesson that's all right in. Might be good to get the loose movement and to go through the simple way we do remembering that we're drawing from the laws of perspective. Now let me take the cylinder first. If you're sketching along. You'll notice I'll start. With. An oval. All say about here. Now the reason I say an oval is a cylinder has a circular base circular top. But a circle seen in perspective. In depth. Becomes an oval. I draw the oval first. If it's a deep Oval I have a High Island. If it's a flap. Over let means my eye is closer to the top in this case I've determined. Now the sides of the cylinder. Are parallel. I come down as far as I want. And I'll put a mark here. That's the proportion of the sides.

And. Then I foller. This line up here. By this line. I could add do it with another cylinder or a comb. A. Spear. Cone. Another cylinder and it could become an object. Such as a lamp. Another comes cylinder. These can go on and on and on as much detail as you wish. All cylinders of various proportions. In one object. Sometimes you will want to draw the cylinder. In this. View. The View. With the over would be. Up and down. We would put two parallel lines extend them for the sides.

And then we decide the proportion. And this line then follows this one. Now this proportion would be. About the proportion. Of an automobile tire. And I could add detail here. But for. Our purposes. We're interested in the rough flight sketching. Of this particular basic form. In various proportions. As you've seen here now there are times when the cylinder will be very flat. In the case of a coin. DIANORA. Order. A. 50 cent piece. But there is something to remember regardless of the cylinder is in this proportion. In a very long proportion you can't see the top and the bottom at any one time. If there are

parallel sides there are times that you may have occasion to draw the cylinder. Very long proportion as we would in a case of. All plumbing pipe. Cane. And we may then determine it where looking up on it. From here. So you have all these different proportions different viewing angles and also different objects. Now the next basic form I'll take up is the cone. The column is related to the cylinder the base of the cone is circular as in the cylinder but the sides converge. So if I start out drawing a cone I'm going to start the same way I did with the cylinder. Let's make an oval about this side level. Now here. My procedure changed. I tried to determine about the center and put a little dot in there.

That dot gives me a line to extend perpendicular or straight up. That should be a very light line but it gives a some guy. And many times I'll put a line very lightly through the cylinder to make sure that my cylinder is flat. And then I'll adjust. These little. Tricks help. Sometimes are needed sometimes are not. Put a dot about the center. Then I run perpendicular line up. And the height of my cell under a if I determine it to be there then I'll put a little mark. Now I have. Points to draw to so I could start here. And come down to there. And I could start here. And come down there. And I no longer need this and I would not have drawn. That dark. Had I been on it for myself and not demonstration versions and then

you have a cylinder. Now if I look it up on the bottom if my eye level is below the base then I would see this. But if I'm looking down. Then this line would be lost here because we couldn't see it unless it was transparent as glass or something. There are times that you may. Have a need to draw. A cylinder. In this eye level and in this viewing angle. So you make a light. Sketch he'll. Find a center. Yes at it and then you go perpendicular right angles to that base out here as far as you wish. If it's out in the here. You make your mark. You join your. Converging sides like this.

You may come in and adjust. The cylinder and make an object. Of it making it incomplete and you would have something in a proportion. Of. A megaphone. There are times that you will see the. Cone. Incomplete. In a very. Shallow. Proportion as you would hear. And combine with other cones into an object. As you would have. In this house. So the cone can appear complete. As here in complete various proportions. A tall thin gong or a very short one in various viewing angles.

Now the next is the sphere. The sphere is the only object that does not change the portion. It can change size. It can be as small as A B or a pearl enlarges the moon but it does not change proportions. It may be complete or incomplete. I see to draw a sphere now without using a compass. Now first watch. I usually determine about where on the paper I want to draw it and about the size and I rest my fingers lightly on the paper and then I go around in a circular motion. As I become more comfortable in a circular motion. Takes a little practice. I touch my pencil to the paper. And for sketching purposes. You have a circle. And circle is a silhouette of a sphere or a ball. Then if I wish to. Draw an object here I'm a section of this and it would appear as we are a

section in a cone or a. Cylinder. This could be a Helmont. It could be a parachute it could be an umbrella. We could go back to our idea of a lamp and that we had with the. Cylinder. I have a center line. This helps. I may add a cone. Here I may add a sphere. I may add a cylinder down here or a rectangular solid. And. A block or a pyramid. And I could have. All. Forms in one object. We lose this line. It was a get ready line. Once again. I determined about the size I want my sphere.

And very lightly touch. Then if I need to section it. Add another form. As I would in a candle. It's that simple. Determined where I wanted to bought the size I go around and touch the paper with my. Fingertips and when I. Feel in good motion. I simply. Add some pressure to the pencil. We could add a. Cylinder here. Another wooden here. And. Join the two. And you have the proportions. About the proportions. Of. A lightbulb. Now these are in your manual so you can get some practice sketching them. Now the remainder of the program. If you have a clean sheet of paper you want to draw along. We're going to draw.

The opening sketch. Which includes all the basic forms and will go through the procedure. I'll take as much time as we have. So on your paper. Let's see this is the object we're going to draw you see in the left hand upper corner a coffee maker and we'll add other objects to it. But you notice the object is of a lower viewing angle meaning we are looking down on the top of it. I'm going to start with. The cylinder. The top of the container. The coffee container that is a cylinder. So I make a flat oval. Like that. Now I'll extend the sides. Straight down. And here is where we begin to make some proportion judgments. We look at it.

And we decide that this is pretty close to the proportion a relation of the length of the side. To the circumference. That's about the proportion. Now you could get into an argument here and say that the top of this is really an adjusted or an incomplete. A. Cone. It does appear to have a very slight. Slant to it but it's not enough for our purposes to worry about. Now let's see I want to add. The glass portion of the container. I'm going to put a very light. Line here. And. I can sketch then the base will be a larger oval. You can. Add that. Now I have something to connect. The

sides from here to here. And from there. To there. And you'll have small adjustments to make you won't get it perfect the first time and if you're looking to the side as I am you may get a little distortion so you need to turn your page. That's an advantage you have and I recommend you do it any time it's comfortable for you to turn a page go ahead and turn it a different angles on your support. There. As that's. Always draw in a comfortable position. A. And then we'll add a coffee line in here which is another. Oval. One cylinder two cylinders. Incomplete come and appear we have.

An indentation It's rather small. On your screen. But it would be pierced somewhere. Like that. And we have a handle. Let's see we have a band of stainless steel. It appears which will follow the cone. Here. So I better move the coffee level down and. As we have taken some out. So I won't interfere. And this is a band of steel. And we had a handle attached. Over here. Takes off and I angled something like this. I'm going back to last week's program when we were concerned with drawing the block and the pyramid.

Let's. Set. This. On a blog. Very flat. Block. In about this perspective. See the flat why we talked about last week. It's also in your manual. Now. The blog extends back. Let's say to hear. Bass lines and. This is now part of a. Pyramid. And it goes up I'd say about. This Far. It doesn't have a. Great deal of. Slant to it but it does.

Have enough. To make a difference between a rectangular solid and. Poor man. Now we're getting up near the eye level so we don't see quite as much of the top of this. As we do the base. And this is rather difficult to put the spot here you must think of these two lines and come out in perspective. And then come down. Power lines over. The top of the container. And then we go back. And it comes back like this. And goes down there. You see now the top of that is dark. So I can darken it. Yet.

And this. Was dark. That's not very important in a sketch. But. If it helps. To. Reveal the object and then of course this. Handle was a make a liter of plastic. And it was dark. Oh. That said some other objects. We had an. Sphere here. Members I said we go around. Until we feel we're in good motion then lightly touch. We'll end up with what looks like a ball of string. But don't worry about those little lines. And if we draw grapefruit or an orange year then they'll section us. And forget about the line. Could be erased or for our

purposes I guess leave it there. And show some detail and some shadow. And we could put. The grapefruit or orange on this. Small saucer. Which would be another oval. In appearance. With the base. Showing. And we have a space here. Making. An oval which is. A circle in perspective now. This is a coffee cup it could be a. Cone. It could be part of a sphere. It could be. A cylinder. Those coffee cups. Would come in all.

Of these shapes. And here if we wish to draw a spoon. If you look at the spoon you'll see that a spoon is part. Of a sphere elongated part of an egg shaped. You see something like this and then. You could have a handle back here. Attached. To this form. I'll exaggerate Dish's depth of the spoon. But some spoons are that deep and to show it's on the table. And I could put. Shed on. It.

I'm using the side of a crane you could use a side of a pencil. If you want to add some shadow and sometimes shadow helps. Show form. It's not part of this lesson but. The rules for. Shading a cell under one third from the light source is the brightest two thirds over. Is the darkest stripe. That's the way you get it to appear around. And of course down here where the coffee is it's a darker. Color. So it would be shaded. Darker. And. Back here we could make a. Determination and say that we'll have a cast shadow. And we would.

From the container this side would be. In shadow. This is not only in shadow but it's of a darker color. Yeah. Once I'm sure they like that shadow this. Casts some shadows. Here. And you have had experience drawing cone cell under another cylinder appear mad. A just a block. Just a block. Cylinder sphere. A partial sphere refinements. And shatter. It. In perspective.

I could go on and on and I had. Other. Objects. I. Don't count these I'm just putting them on. The. Cylinder. Part of a sphere. You're probably beginning to learn to see these in objects in the common utensils around the home the

furniture the objects that you see manufactured around you on your job. Now next week. Our program about the steps of drawing a working plan. A checklist This is also in your manual but it's good experience to go through it with me to go through it together next week. All the steps that we have join is a procedural kind of a language and we need all the steps and they must be in the right order. They're very easily learned and they're very understandable to you but many people go wrong drawing by getting out of order. So that's our program for today and next week it will be the steps in drawing.

Be.