PBS NewsHour; Tuesday, August 16, 2022, 6:00pm-7:00pm PDT

JUDY: GOOD EVENING. I'M JUDY WOODRUFF. ON THE NEWSHOUR TONIGHT ELECTION DAY. VOTERS HEAD TO THE POLLS FOR CRITICAL PRIMARIES IN WYOMING AND IN ALASKA, WHERE SARAH PALIN IS TRYING TO MOUNT A POLITICAL COMEBACK. THEN THE INVASION GRINDS ON. A UKRAINIAN NUCLEAR PLANT IS CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE OF RUSSIA'S ASSAULT, ALARMING NEARBY RESIDENTS. AND AMERICA ADDICTED. SAINT LOUIS COMMUNITY LEADERS FIGHT TO COMBAT THE OPIOID CRISIS AS OVERDOSE DEATHS SKYROCKET AMONG BLACK AMERICANS. >> THIS IS A CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE. IT'S A HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE THAT WE NEED TO CHANGE. IT IS A CHRONIC DISEASE AND WE HAVE STIGMATIZED A CHRONIC DISEASE. >> ALL THAT AND MORE ON TONIGHT'S "PBS NEWSHOUR." >> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS

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POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC CASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PREVIOUS STATION -- TO YOUR PBS STATION BY VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. >> I'M STEPHANIE SY WITH NEWSHOUR WEST. WE WILL RETURN TO THE FULL PROGRAM AFTER E LATEST HEADLINES. THIS IS PRIMARY ELECTION NIGHT IN WYOMING AND ALASKA AND A TOPPER PUBLIC AND CRITIC -- A TOP REPUBLICAN CRITIC OF FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS HER JOB ON THE LINE. WYOMING REPRESENTATIVE LIZ CHENEY IS VICE-CHAIR OF THE CONGRESSIONAL JANUARY 6TH COMMITTEE. BEFORE THE POLLS THERE CLOSED THIS EVENING, RECENT OPINION SURVEYS HAVE SHOWN HER TRAILING A TRUMP-BACKED CHALLENGER. IN ALASKA, ANOTHER TRUMP CRITIC , U.S. SENATOR LISA MURKOWSKI IS HOPING TO HOLD ON. AND, FORMER GOVERNOR SARAH PALIN IS RUNNING FOR ALASKA'S LONE U-S HOUSE SEAT WITH MR. TRUMP'S BACKING. WE'LL GET A CLOSER LOOK, AFTER

THE NEWS SUMMARY. PRESIDENT BIDEN SIGNED LANDMARK LEGISLATION TODAY. THE BILL DUBBED THE INFLATION REDUCTION ACT. IT INCLUDES RECORD SPENDING ON CLIMATE CHANGE, PROVIONS TO CAP MEDICARE DRUG COSTS AND NEW TAXES ON CORPORATIONS. PRESIDENT BIDEN CELEBRATED THE LEGISLATION AS A VICTORY DELIVERED BY DEMOCRATS OVER SOLID REPUBLICAN OPPOSITION. >> WE HAVE NOT WAVERED, WE HAVE NOT FLINCHED, AND WE HAVE NOT GIVEN IN. INSTEAD WE'RE DELIVERING RESULTS FOR THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. WE DID NOT TEAR DOWN. WE BUILT UP. WE DID NOT LOOK BACK, WE LOOKED FORWARD. >> WE WILL LOOK AT THE STATE OF THE BIDEN AGENDA LATER. FIRST LADY JILL BIDENAS TESTED POSITIVE FOR COVID-19 DAYS AFTER THE PRESIDENT RECOVERED FROM HIS CASE. THE WHITE HOUSE SAYS MISSES BIDEN BEGAN HAVING MILD SYMPTOMS ON MONDAY WHILE VACATIONING IN SOUTH CAROLINA. SHE REMAINED THERE TODAY WHEN THE PRESIDENT RETURNED TO WASHINGTON. FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP CALD TODAY FOR THE RELEASE OF AN AFFIDAVIT SUPPORTING THE SEARCH OF HIS ESTATE IN FLORIDA.

FBI AGENTS RECOVERED CLASSIFIED MATERIAL IN THE SEARCH, B THE U.S. JUSTICE DEPARTMENT SAYS RELEASING THE AFFIDAVIT WOULD IMPAIR THE INVESTIGATION. A FEDERAL JUDGE HAS SCHEDULED A HEARING ON THE ISSUE FOR THURSDAY. IN THE UKRAINE WAR EXPLOSIONS AND FIRE TORE THROUGH ANOTHER MILITARY SITE IN RUSSIAN-ANNEXED CRIMEA TODAY. MOSCOW CHARGED THAT SABOTEURS BLEW UP AN AMMUNITION DEPOT, A WEEK AFTER AN ATTACK ON AN AIR BASE IN CRIMEA. MEANWHILE, UKRAINE'S PRESIDENT ZELENSKYY CALLED AGAIN FOR NEW SANCTIONS ON RUSSIA OVER ELLING NEAR A NUCLEAR PLANT. WE'LL RETURN TO THAT STORY, LATER IN THE PROGRAM. KENYA COULD FACE WEEKS OF UNCERTAINTY AFTER THE OPPOSITION PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE REJECTED ELECTION RESULTS. THE ELECTION'S COMMISSION CHAIRMAN HAS DECLARED DEPUTY PRESIDENT WILLIAM RUTO THE WINNER, BY A NARROW MARGIN. BUT LOSING CANDIDATE RAY'LA OWDINGA VOWED TODAY TO GO TO COURT. >> WHAT WE SAW YESTERDAY WAS A

TRAVESTY AND A BLATANT DISREGARD OF THE CONSTITUTION AND THE LAWS OF KENYA. OUR BUDDING DEMOCRACY SUFFERED A MAJOR SETBACK. AS A RESULT, KENYA FACES A GRAVE LEGAL AND POLITICAL CRISIS. >> OWDINGA ALSO URGED HIS SUPPORTERS TO REMAIN CALM. A PALESTINIAN HUMAN RIGHTS GROUP AND AN ISRAELI NEWSPAPER REPORTED THAT A RECENT DEADLY EXPLOSION IN GAZA WAS CAUSED BY AN ISRAELI AIRSTRIKE AND NOT A PALESTINIAN ROCKET AS ORIGINALLY CLAIMED. THE EXPLOSION HIT A LOCAL CEMETARY, KIING FIVE CHILDREN BETWEEN THE AGES OF FOUR AND 16. BACK IN THIS COUNTRY FEDERAL OFFICIALS ANNOUNCED ARIZONA AND NEVADA WILL FACE NEW CUTS IN HOW MUCH COLORADO RIVER WATER THEY RECEIVE. IT'S DUE TO ANOTHER YEAR OF EXTREME DROUGHT. THE COLORADO RIVER PROVIDES WATER TO 40 MILLION PEOPLE ACSS THE WEST AND IN MEXICO. WE'LL EXPLORE THIS IN DETAIL, LATER IN THE PROGRAM.

THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION FINALIZED A RULE TODAY TO LET MILLIONS OF AMERICANS BUY HEARING AIDS WITHOUT A PRESCRIPTION. ONLINE AND OVER-THE-COUNTER RETAILERS WILL BE ALLOWED TO SELL A NEW CLASS OF DEVICES FOR ADULTS WITH MILD TO MODERATE HEARING LOSS. THE RULE TAKES EFFECT IN OCTOBER. STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR, HOW CONGRESS HAS MANAGED TO PASS MAJOR LEGISLATION DESPITE DEEP DIFFERENCES. FEDERAL WATER CUTS TO WESTERN STATES UNDERSCORE THE SEVERITY OF THE CLIMATE CRISIS. JOURNALIST DAVID BORNSTEIN GIVES HIS BRIEF BUT SPECTACULAR TAKE ON COUNTERING THE BAD NEWS BIAS . AND MUCH MORE. >> THIS IS THE PBS NEWSHOUR. FROM WETA STUDIOS IN WASHINGTON AND IN THE WEST FROM THE WALTER CRONKITE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM AT ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY. JUDY: TWO WESTERN STATES HOLDING HIGHLY ANTICIPATED PRIMARIES TODAY SHOULD GIVE US ANOTHER

LOOK AT HOW MUCH POWER FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS ON THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. LAURA BARRON-LOPEZ IS FOLLOWING THE ELECTIONS IN WYOMING AND ALASKA AND JOINS ME NOW. HELLO LAURA. WE KNOW YOU HAVE BEEN ON THE ROAD. MOST RECENTLY IN WYOMING. JUST LAST WEE LOOKING AT THIS LIZ CHENEY RACE, WHAT IS IT LOOKING LIKE? >> LIZ CHENEY IS LIKELY TO LOSE TONIGHT. BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT IS WHAT ALL THE POLLING SHOWS. IF SHE SOMEHOW PULLS OFF A MIRACLE, THAT WOULD BE A STUNNER FOR EVERYONE CONSIDERING REPUBLICANS OUTNUMBER DEMOCRATS IN THE STATE 4-1 AND THE REPUBLICANS WE SPOKE TO IN THAT STATE OVERWHELMINGLY OPPOS HER. THEY SUPPORT THE FRONT RUNNER HARRIET HAGEMAN. SHE IS A LAWYER AND SHE RAN FOR GOVERNOR IN 2018. SHE HAS THE ENDORSEMENT OF FORMER PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP AND THE DIVIDING LINE HERE IS THAT DEMOCRATIC VOTERS ARE SWITCHING PARTY LINES TO VOTE FOR CHENEY BECAUSE OF HER WORK ON THE JANUARY 6 COMMITTEE. AND BECAUSE OF THE FACT THEY SEE HER STANDING UP FOR THE TRUTH AND CONFRONTING TRUMP AND HIS

ELECTION LIES. THAT IS THE SAME REASON SO MANY REPUBLICANS ARE VOTING AGAINST HER. THE POLL I'M TALKING ABOUT IS A UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING POLL THAT SHOWS CHENEY IS DOWN BY SOME 29 POINTS. CHENEY IS AT 28% AND HAGEMANN IS AT 57% SO IT IS NOT LOOKING GOOD FOR HER. >> EVEN WITH THE DEMOCRATS CROSSING OVER. I KNOW YOU HAVE BEEN TALKING TO ANALYSTS. IF SHE WERE TO LOSE, WHAT ARE THEY TELLING YOU ABOUT WHAT THAT WOULD SAY ABOUT THE REPUBLICAN PARTY AND ITS -- AND DONALD TRUMP? >> IT WOULD FIT INTO A PATTERN. WE HAVE SEEN EVERY PRIMARY NIGHT WHERE A NUMBER OF ELECTION DENIERS CONTINUE TO WIN THE REPUBLICAN NOMINEE, WHETHER IT IS UP AND DOWN THE BALLOT. SECRETARY OF STATE RACES, GUBERNATORIAL RACES. SENATE RACES AND HOUSE RACES AND WASHINGTON POST HAD THIS RECENT INVESTIGATION WHERE THEY BROKE DOWN THE DATA AND IT SHOWED ACROSS BATTLEGROUND STATES, MAJOR BATTLEGROUND STATES, SOME 62% OF THE GOP NOMINEES THAT WHEN THEIR PRIMARIES HAVE DENIED THE 2020 ELECTION RESULTS AND

SAID THAT TRUMP WON. EVEN IF CHENEY WERE SOMEHOW TO WIN, IT REALLY SHOWS FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS A BIG GRIP ON THE PARTY RIGHT NOW. >> LAURA, STAY HERE, BUT WE WANT TO TURN RIGHT NOW FROM MOMENT TO ALASKA BECAUSE AS WE MENTIONED, TWO BIG RACES FOR THE HOUSE AND THE SENATE WE ARE WATCHING. OUR COLLEAGUE OMNIBUS WAS IN ALASKA -- AMNA NAWAZ WAS IN ALASKA AND HERE IS WHAT THEY TOLD HER ABOUT HOW POLARIZED THIS ELECTION HAS BECOME. >> I HAVE LIVED HERE MY WHOLE LIFE. I'VE BEEN A VOTER FOR 10 YEARS, AND IT MAKES ME NERVOUS TO SEE JUST SUCH HEIGHTENED REPRESENTATION OF PEOPLE'S FEELINGS FOR CANDIDATES. >> WHEN YOU GET INTO A LOT OF THIS RADICAL BY, YOU KNOW, HARDCORE PARTISAN STUFF, I JUST DON'T FEEL LIKE IT IS GOOD FOR THE COUNTRY AND GOOD FOR YOU KNOW, THE AVERAGE AMERICAN OR ESPECIALLY THE AVERAGELASKAN. >> I SHOULD SAY WE ARE -- A BUNCH OF VOTERS WERE EXPRESSING

THEIR VIEWS, BUT LET'S TALK ABOUT THESE RACES. STARTING WITH THE SENATE RACE WHERE LISA MURKOWSKI RUNNING FOR REELECTION -- SHE'S HOPING TO MOVE ON TO THE GENERAL ELECTION BUT SHE DOES FACE A STRONG REPUBLICAN CHALLENGE. >> SHE DOES. THIS IS AN ALL PARTY PRIMARY. THERE'S GOING TO BE A LOT OF NAMES ON THE BALLOT. THE TOP FOUR MOVE ON. LISA MURKOWSKI HAS FACED UPHILL BATTLES BEFORE. SOME OF OUR VIEWERS WILL REMEMBER SHE HAD TO BE A WRITE-IN CANDIDATE AND SHE PREVAILED. THIS IS DIFFERENT BECAUSE SHE IS THE ONLY REPUBLICA SENATOR OUT OF SEVEN THAT VOTED TO CONVICT FORMER PRESIDENT TRUMP WHO IS ACTUALLY FACING REELECTION RIGHT NOW. AND SHE IS UP AGAINST A TRUMP-ENDORSED CANDIDATE. THIS WOULD BE THE FOURTH FULL TERM IF MURKOWSKI WERE SOMEHOW TO WIN. SHE AGAIN IS PUSHING FOR MODERATE VOTERS, INDEPENDENT VOTERS, TO RALLY BEHIND HER.

SHE IS UP AGAINST A FORMER COMMISSIONER OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION. VERY SIMILAR TO CHENEY, MURKOWSKI IS SOMEONE WHO STOOD UP TO TRUMP, WHO DECIDED SHE WAS GOING TO SUPPORT THE SECOND IMPEACHMENT AND VOTE FOR CONVICTION. AND AGAIN, SHE'S PRETTY MUCH THE CHALLENGE -- BEING CHALLENGED BY THE FORMER PRESIDENT AND A LOT OF REPUBLICANS WHO DON' WANT TO SUPPORT HER FOR THAT VERY REASON. JUDY: AS WE MENTIONED, THE HOUSE RACE, ONLY ONE HOUSE SEAT IN ALASKA, THE HOUSE RACE INVOLVES THE NAME WE KNOW FROM THE PAST, SARAH PALIN. WHAT DOES THAT RACE LOOK LIKE? >> THERE ARE TWO RACES RIGHT NOW, THE SPECIAL ELECTION RACE WHICH PALIN IS RUNNING IN TO REPLACE FORMER CONGRESSMAN DON YOUNG, WHO PASSED AWAY IN MARCH. SHE'S UP AGAINST REPUBLICAN NICK BAGGAGE OF THE WELL-KNOWN FAMILY IN ALASKA, FORMER SENATOR BEGICH IS A DEMOCRAT, HE IS RELATED TO

HIM. SHE'S ALSO UP AGAINST A DEMOCRAT, MARY PORTOLA. A LOT OF REPUBLICANS WERE CONCERNED THAT BECAUSE THIS IS THE SPECIAL ELECTION, RANKS CHOICE, THAT SHE COULD ACTUALLY END UP GETTING AHEAD OF THE REPUBLICANS IF THEY SPLIT THE VOTE. IN ADDITION TO THAT THERE IS A PRIMARY RACE THAT ALL OF THESE CANDIDATES ARE RUNNING IN AS WELL. THAT FEATURES SOME 22 NAMES ON THE BALLOT AGAIN. THE TOP FOUR ARE GOING TO MOVE ON SO PALIN IS INSPECTED TO ADVANCE IN THAT RACE TO THE NOVEMBER ELECTION AS WELL AS THE OTHER TWO MOST LIKELY. RIGHT NOW THERE IS NOT A VERY GOOD POLLING IN ALASKA SO IT IS DIFFICULT TO SAY WHO COULD COME IN FIRST OR WHO WILL ULTIMATELY WIN IN NOVEMBER. >> THE PROCESS REQUIRES VOTERS TO PAY CLOSE ATTENTION AS THEY DO RANKS CHOICE. LAURA PERRONE LOPEZ, WE THANK YOU.

ON OUR WEBSITE WE WANT TO TELL YOU YOU CAN FOLLOW THE LIVE RESULTS FROM TONIGHT'S ELECTIONS AS THEY COME IN. THAT IS IT PBS.ORG/NEWSHOUR. >> PRESIDENT BIDEN'S SIGNING OF THE INFLATION REDUCTION ACT COMES AFTER MORE THAN A YEAR OF NEGOTIATIONS AMONG DEMOCRATS IN CONGRESS AND THE WHITE HOUSE. IT CAPS OFF A SUMMARY OF LEGISLATIVE SUCCESSES. TO BRING US UP TO SPEED, WE TURN TO OUR OWN LISA DESJARDINS. SO LISA, HELLO. THIS IS LEGISLATION THAT HAS SEEN QUITE A JOURNEY. TELL US WHAT FINALLY IS MAINLY IN IT. >> RIGHT. THERE IS A LOT TO SAY HERE. FIRST IT IS A NOTEWORTHY FACT, AND LOOK THROUGH THE LAST CENTURY OF WHAT CONGRESS HAS AND HAS NOT PASSED.

THIS SUMMER'S ACTIVITY FOR THIS CONGRESS IS UNIQUE. IT IS REALLY UNPRECEDENTED IN THIS CENTURY TO SEE SO MUCH SUBSTANTIVE LEGISLATION, POLICY CHANGING LEGISLATION, IN A MIDTERM YEAR. I WANT TO GO OVER WHAT HAS HAPPENED THIS YEAR, SOMETIMES IN A FLASH. LET US REMIND PEOPLE WHAT DEMOCRATS PASSED IN CONGRESS. FIRST THE ACT THAT WAS SIGNED TODAY, THE INFLATION REDUCTION ACT. THE SIZE OF THAT DEPENDS ON WHETHER OR NOT YOU COUNT THE DEFICIT REDUCTION PART, BUT SOMEWHERE BETWEEN HALF A TRILLION AND $700 BILLION, NOW WE ARE GOING TO TALK ABOUT THAT IN A SECOND, BUT JUST THIS MONTH THE SENATE AND HOUSE PASSED THE PACT ACT, WHICH EXTENDS VETERAN BENEFITS, ESPECIALLY FOR THOSE WITH TOXIC EXPOSURES. THAT IS 300 BULLION DOLLARS -- $300 BILLION. THE CHIPS ACT PASSED WHICH IS AN ENORMOUS BILL WHICH INCLUDES A HOST OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

INCENTIVES TO HELP THIS COUNTRY COMPETE WITH CHINA. ANOTHER $80 BILLION. IN MAY, DON'T FORGET THAT UNEXPECTED COMPROMISE OVER GUN AND SAFETY LAWS, BIPARTISAN SAFER COMMUNITIES ACT. $13 BILLION IN THAT. THE FIRST TIME IN DECADES CONGRESS HAS PASSED SIGNIFICANT GUN LEGISLATION. I WANT TO POINT OUT SOMETHING ABOUT THREE OF THESE BILLS. THE THREE ON THE RIGHT OF YOUR SCREEN WERE ALL BIPARTISAN. THE WAY THE DEMOCRATS GOT THOSE THROUGH LARGELY WAS BY ALLOWING SENATORS OUTSIDE OF LEADERSHIP TO NEGOTIATE AMONGST THEMSELVES FIRST. LET'S TALK ABOUT THE OTHER ONE, THE INFLATION REDUCTION ACT. THAT'S THE LARGEST OF THESE BILLS. OBVIOUSLY SOMETHING WE ARE GOING TO BE HEARING A LOT ABOUT THIS SUMMER. DEMOCRATIC LDER CHUCK SCHUMER KEPT HIS NEGOTIATIONS WITH JOE MANCHIN QUIET. HE ALLOWED REPUBLICANS TO VOTE AND SUPPORT SOME BIPARTISAN BILLS. THEN ANNOUNCED AFTER ALL OF THAT WAS DONE THAT THEY HAD A DEAL WITH JOE MANIN.

THAT IS SOMETHING DEMOCRATS ARE CALLING A VICTORY OVER SENATE REPUBLICAN LEADER MITCH MCCONNELL. SOMEONE WHO IS HA TO OUT STRATEGIZE. REPUBLICANS FOR THEIR PART SAY NO, THIS IS DEMOCRATS JUST ABLE TO UNIFY. DEMOCRATS HAVE THE VOTES AND REPUBLICANS DO NOT LIKE THAT INFLATION REDUCTION BILL. THEY SAY IT COULD CAUSE PROBLEMS FOR BUSINESSES IN THE TAXES IT PUTS OUT. THE BIGGER POINT IS IN A MIDTERM YEAR LIKE THIS YOU SOMETIMES DON'T SEE ANY SIGNIFICANT LEGISLATION. I COULD ONLY FIND A COUPLE EXAMPLES THIS CENTURY. THE DODD FRANK ACT, MCCAIN-FEINGOLD. THOSE WERE JUST ONE BILL. THIS CONGRESS MANAGED TO PASS FOUR IN A MIDTERM YEAR. JUDY: IT IS SO IMPORTANT TO HAVE THAT BACKGROUND TO PUT THIS IN CONTEXT. ON THE INFLATION REDUCTION ACT, WE KNOW PART OF IT IS GOING TO CHANGEHE WAY DRUGS -- PRESCRIPTION DRUGS ARE PRICED UNDER MEDICARE. GIVE US A SENSE OF WHEN THAT KICKS IN. >> NOT RIGHT AWAY, BUT IS A FEW MONTHS PROVISIONS WILL START TO

AFFECT AMERICANS ON MEDICARE. LET'S LOOK AT WHAT WILL GO IN PLACE BEGINNING NEXT YEAR. FIRST AT THE TOP OF THE LIST, THE COST FOR INSULIN FOR THOSE ON MEDICARE WILL BE CAPPED AT $35 FOR A MONTHLY SET OF DOSES. MEDICARE WILL BEGIN COLLECTING REBATES FOR ANY DRUGMAKERS FOR DRUGS ALREADY IN THE SYSTEM WHO RAISE THEIR PRICES ABOVE INFLATION. THAT WILL START CAPPING SOME COSTS. BEGINNING NEXT YEAR ALSO WE WILL SEE VACCINES, ALL VACCINES BE AVAILABLE WITH N CO-PAY TO ANYONE ON MEDICARE. IT IS NOT JUST TALKING ABOUT COVID. IT IS TALKING ABOUT ANY KIND OF VACCINE A SENIOR NEEDS ACROSS THE SYSTEM. WE KNOW THAT IS SOMETHING THOSE COSTS SOMETIMES PREVENT TREATMENT. ALSO WE ARE GOING TO SEE IN 2023 SOME EXPANDED SUBSIDIES. 2025 THERE WILL BE A $2000 CAP ON OUT-OF-POCKET EXPENSES. 2026 MEDICARE WILL BE ABLE TO NEGOTIATE ON A SET OF SOME DRUGS AND THAT WILL EXPAND OVER THE FOLLOWING YEARS AFTER.

JUDY: SO IMPORTANT TO HAVE THAT INFORMATION. QUICKLY, HOW IS IT THOUGHT THAT ALL OF THIS MAY FACTOR INTO THE FA CAMPAIGNS? >> RIGHT. YOU ARE GOING TO HEAR ECHOES OF WHAT THE PRESIDENT SAID TODAY. THEY WILL CALL THIS HISTORIC AND SAY DEMOCRATS ARE PROVIDING SOLUTIONS AND BEING PRACTICAL. SOME WILL SAY MODERATE. JUDY: THANK YOU, LISA. THE SECOND TIME IN A WEEK THERE WERE MYSTERIOUS EXPLOSIONS TODAY IN RUSSIAN OCCUPIED CRIMEA. A RUSSIAN AMMUNITION DEPOT BLEW UP THIS MORNING IN THE PENINSULA'S NORTHEAST. LAST HALF A DOZEN EXPLOSIONS WEDNESDAY DESTROYED MULTIPLE RUSSIAN JETS AT THE SAKI AIR BASE.

UKRAINE HAS NOT OFFICIALLY TAKEN RESPONSIBILITY. AND VIOLENCE CONTINUES NEAR EUROPE'S LARGEST NUCLEAR POWER PLANT, AT ZAPORIZHZHIA. RUSSIAN AND UKRAINIAN OFFICIALS CONTINUE TO TRADE ACCUSATIONS OVER WHO'S TO BLAME. NICK SCHIFRIN REPORTS. >> THE UKRAINIAN SOLDIER FILMING CALLED IT BEAUTIFUL FIREWORKS. A RUSSIAN AMMUNITION DEPOT DESTROYED IN MULTIPLE EXPLOSIONS. ANOTHER EXPLOSION HIT AN ELECTRICITY SUBSTATION. THICK, DARK PLUMES OF SMOKE BILLOWED FOR HOURS. IT DISRUPTED POWER AND RAIL TRAFFIC, IN A PART OF CRIMEA THAT KORUSSIA HAS USED TO ATTACK THE REST OF SOUTHERN UKRAINE. AT LEAST 3000 PEOPLE HAD TO EVACUATE. RUSSIA'S APPOINTED CRIMEA GOVERNOR ADMITTED IT WAS SABOTAGE. >> THE DETONATION IS QUITE STRONG, THERE ARE SCATTERED SHELLS IN THE FIELD, UNFORTUNATELY. THEREFORE, THERE WILL BE WORK FOR THE BOMB SQUAD. NOW WE ARE WAITING FOR THE DETONATION OF AMMUNITION TO STOP. YOU CAN HEAR AGAIN ANOTHER EXPLOSION NOW.

>> UKRAINE DIDN'T CLAIM OFFICIAL RESPONSIBILITY, BUT ON TWITTER, MINUTES AFTER THE EXPLOSION, PRESIDENTIAL CHIEF OF STAFF ANDRII YERMAK QUIPPED, "THE UKRAINIAN ARMED FORCES CONTINUE THE DEMILITARIZATION OPERATION TO FULLY RID OUR LAND OF RUSSIAN INVADERS. OUR SOLDIERS ARE THE BEST SPONSORS OF A GOOD MOOD. CRIMEA IS UKRAINE." JUST LAST WEEK, A MASSIVE CLOUD FILLED THE SKY, AFTER MULTIPLE EXPLOSIONS AT A RUSSIAN AIRBASE. RUSSIA CLAIMED IT WAS AN ACCIDENT, BUT SATELLITE IMAGES FROM THE SAKI AIRBASE BEFORE AND AFTER THE ATTACK SHOW BURNED EARTH AND MULTIPLE FIGHTER JETS DESTROYED. CRIMEA AND ITS BEACHES HAVE LONG BEEN SUMMER TOURIST DESTINATIONS. LAST WEEK BEACHGOERS HAD TO FLEE E EXPLOSIONS. ♪ IT'S A CRUEL, CRUEL SUMMER ♪ >> AND UKRAINIANS POSTED THIS PARODY VIDEO, TELLING RUSSIAN TOURISTS AND TROOPS ON CRIMEA, IT WOULD BE A CRUEL SUMMER, AFTER ALL. IN 2014 RUSSIA OCCUPIED AND ANNEXED CRIMEA, AFTER A SHAM

REFERENDUM. RUSSIA USED IT ON THE DAY OF INVASION, TO CAPTURE A HUGE SWATH OF UKRAINIAN TERRITORY. BUT PRESIDENT VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY VOWS TO TAKE IT BACK. >> CRIMEA IS UKRAINIAN AND WE WILL NEVER REPUDIATE IT. WE WILL NOT FORGET THAT THE RUSSIAN WAR AGAINST UKRAINE STARTED WITH THE OCCUPATION OF CRIMEA AND THE BLACK SEA REGION CANNOT BE A SAFE PLACE WHILE CRIMEA IS OCCUPIED. >> LAST WEEK'S ATTACK ON SAKI AIRBASE WAS IN CRIMEA'S WEST. TODAY'S WAS UP NORTH, JUST 30 MILES FROM RUSSIAN-OCCUPIED KHERSON. UKRAINE VOWS TO RETAKE THAT DISTRICT AND THE NEIGHBORING DISTRICT, ZAPORIZHIA. THAT'S WHERE RUSSIA SEIZED EUROPE'S LARGEST NUCLEAR PLANT IN EARLY MARCH. IN THE LAST WEEK, RUSSIAN TV HAS SHOWN ROCKETS THAT FELL INSIDE THE COMPLEX. RUSSIA BLAMES UKRAINE, BUT UKRAINE SAYS RUSSIA HAS TARGETED THE PARTS OF THE PLANT THAT SEND ELECTRICITY TO UKRAINE, AND IS DIVERTING THE POWER TO THE RUSSIAN GRID. PETRO KOTIN, PRESIDENT OF THE STATE NUCLEAR AUTHORITY, RECENTLY WARNED ON UKRAINIAN TV ANY ACCIDENT COULD BE LARGER

THAN CHERNOBYL. >> THE SITUATION IS VERY DANGEROUS. WE ENCOUNTERED SUCH A SITUATION AT CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS, IF YOU REMEMBER. BUT THERE IS A VERY BIG DIFFERENCE HERE. THERE ARE SIX POWER UNITS, ALL OF THEM ARE FILLED WITH NUCLEAR MATERIALS. >> THERE HAS NEVER BEEN A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ON THE FRONT LINES OF A WAR. >> EVERYTHING DEPENDS ONLY ON THE DIRECTION AND STRENGTH OF THE WIND. IF RUSSIA'S ACTIONS LEAD TO A CATASTROPHE, THE CONSEQUENCES MAY HIT THOSE WHO HAVE YET REMAINED SILENT. >> TO DISCUSS THE ZAPORIZHZHIA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT, WE TURN TO A NUCLEAR ENGINEER WITH LONG EXPERIENCE IN THE POWER INDUSTRY. HE'S AN ADJUNCT PROFESSOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH WHERE HE TEACHES NUCLEAR REACTOR SAFETY. WELCOME TO NEWSHOUR. WHAT ARE THE WORRIES ABOUT THE PHYSICAL PLANT GIVEN THE ONGOING WAR? >> THERE IS CERTAINLY A LOT OF CONCERN.

SPEAKING IN NON-ESOTERIC NUCLEAR TERMS, THINK OF THE PLANT AS A SYSTEM THAT IS UNDER STRESS. ANY SYSTEM UNDER SUSTAINED STRESS WOULD EVENTUALLY FAIL. THE QUESTION IS REALLY HOW, WHEN, AND WHERE. IF YOU CAN THINK OF THREE P'S, YOU CAN THINK OF THE PEOPLE WHO WORK AT THE PLANT, THE PROCESSES, THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURES. THEY ARE A UNDER STRESS. THE PEOPLE ARE UNDER DURESS, WORKING UNDER DURESS. THAT CREATES STRESS. YOU CAN THINK OF THE PROCESSES. THE NUCLEAR PLANTS ARE VERY PROCESS DRIVEN, VERY PROCEDURAL. THOSE PROCESSES ARE UNDER STRESS. THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE WE HAVE SEEN WITH THE SHELLING AND THAT -- THAT IS UNDER STRESS. SPECIFIC RISKS INCLUDE THE VULNERABLE SYSTEMS OUTSIDE THE

CONTAINMENT STRUCTURE. YOU SEE A BIG DOME. THOSE COMPONENTS AND ELEMENTS THAT ARE INSIDE THE DOME ARE SAFE FROM PHYSICAL STRESS, BUT THERE ARE A LOT OF CRITICAL SYSTEMS OUTSIDE. THOSE ARE MORE VULNERABLE TO THE ATTAS. >> ONE OF THOSE SYSTEMS SEEMS TO BE THE ELECTRICITY. ELECTRICITY NEEDS TO REMAIN, OTHERWISE WHAT IS THE RISK? >> IT IS SOMETHING CALLED THE LOSS OF UPSIDE POWER. THE CRITICAL COOLING SYSTEMS ARE REQUIRED -- THEY REQUIRE ELECTRICITY TO FUNCTION. THE KEY WITH NUCLEAR SAFETY IS REALLY ABOUT KEEPING THE PLANT COOL. ANY SYSTEMS THAT MAY BE AFFECTED , RELATED TO COOLING WHICH REQUIRE OUTSIDE ELECTRICITY TO PERFORM ARE CERTAINLY VULNERABLE.

>> HOW CONCERNED ARE YOU? WE ARE TALKING ABOUT A RADIATION LEAK. WE ARE TALKING ABOUT SAFETY FROM SUSTAINED BUT BARTMAN AND THE ELECTRICITY RISK. HOW WORRIED SHOULD WE BE? >> EVEN THOUGH THESE SYSTEMS ARE VERY RESILIENT, THEY HAVE REDUNDANT SYSTEMS, THEY ARE DESIGNED FOR WHAT IS CALLED -- THREATS. THESE THREATS ARE WITHIN THE DESIGN BASIS BUT T FACT THEY ARE SUSTAINED COULD PUT THEM BEYOND THE DESIGN BASIS. I WOULD SAY THAT IS -- LIKE YOU MENTIONED, THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND THE SUPPORT COOLING, BUT ALSO THOSE SYSTEMS ARE OUTSIDE THE DOME, THINGS LIKE THE FUEL POOL, WHICH IS WHAT IT SOUNDS LIKE. THE FUEL THAT HAS BEEN USED THAT IS STORED OUTSIDE THE

CONTAINMENT STRUCTURE STILL HAS A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF ENERGY AND THE ABILITY TO REDUCE -- TO RELEASE RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES THAT COULD CREATE A RISK. IT HAD BEEN MENTIONED THERE COULD BE THE SPREAD OF NUCLEAR PARTICLES THROUGHOUT THE ATMOSPHERE. CERTAINLY YOU COULD HAVE A SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL INCIDENT. >> THE IAEA HAS SAID THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT THREAT BUT THAT COULD CHANGE AT ANY MINUTE. YOU MENTIONED THE THREAT OF THE PEOPLE. 10,000 UKRAINIAN STAFF AT THIS PLANT OPERATING IT UNDER EXTRAORDINARILY DIFFICULT CIRCUMSTANCES. LITERALLY AT GUNPOINT. REPORTS OF TORTURE. SOME STAFF DISAPPEARED. HOW MUCH OF A CONCERN IS THAT FOR YOU IN TERMS OF SAFETY? >> IT IS A SIGNIFICANT CONCERN. AT THE END OF THE DAY, NO MATTER HOW RESILIENT THE SYSTEM IS, YOU NEED THE HUMAN FACTOR.

YOU NEED THE HUMAN ELEMENT TO EXECUTE THOSE PROCESSES CORRECTLY AND EFFECTIVELY, AND SO THERE IS A CATEGORY OF ANALYSIS CALLED HUMAN FACTOR ELEMENTS. THAT HUMAN FACTOR IS CURRENTLY UNDER SIGNIFICANT STRESS. IF YOU LOOK AT THE PLANT SAFETY MODEL YOU WOULD BE ABLE TO SOME EXTENT TO EXPRESS THE DEGRADATION IN SAFETY YOU HAVE BECAUSE YOU HAVE THE HUMAN FACTOR UNDER STRESS. IT IS A SIGNIFICANT ELEMENT. THE PLANTS ARE RESILIENT. ANY SYSTEM THAT IS UNDER SUSTAINED STRESS WILL EVENTUALLY BREAK. >> SOBERING WORDS. THANK YOU VERY MUCH. >> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME. >> MORE AMERICANS DIED FROM DRUG OVERDOSES LAST YEAR THAN EVER

BEFORE. AND WHILE THE NUMBER OF LIVES LOST IS UP ACROSS NEARLY EVERY DEMOGRAPHIC SINCE THE START OF THE PANDEMIC, THERE IS -- THERE HAS BEEN AN ESPECIALLY ALARMING SPIKE IN OVERDOSE DEATHS AMONG BLACK AMERICANS. JOHN YANG REPORTS FROM ST. LOUIS ON WHAT'S BEHIND A GROWING PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS. >> I'M GOING TO TAKE A LISTEN TO YOUR HEART AND LUNGS. >> IN A ST. LOUIS CLINIC, 52-YEAR OLD GERORD ROWE HAS A ROUTINE APPOINTMENT WITH DOCTOR CAN CUNNINGHAM. SHE MAKES THE USUAL CHECKS. >> GIVE ME A DEEP BREATH. >> AND ASKS ABOUT ANOTHER ISSUE SHE'S MONITORING. >> YOU SAID YOU'RE STILL USING A LITTLE BIT. ARE YOU USING SAFE? WE HAD TALKED ABOUT THAT BEFORE. WE HAD TALKED ABOUT SNORTING, NOT DOING ANYTHING IV. >> CUNNINGHAM, A FAMILY PRACTICE PHYSICIAN, TREATS DRUG ADDICTION IN HER PATIENTS JUST LIKE ANY OTHER MEDICAL CONDITION LIKE HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE OR DIABETES. . IF THEY'RE NOT READY TO STOP USING DRUGS, SHE WANTS THEM TO USE THEM SAFELY. >> I'M CONCERNED, THE LAST TIME

YOU HAD THAT OVERDOSE. I DON'T WANT YOU TO OVERDOSE AGAIN. MY TREATMENT PLANS INCORPORATE SAFE USE TIPS, SAFE CONSUMPTION TIPS, A 1-800 NUMBER TO NEVER USE ALONE. REVIEWING HOW TO USE NARCAN. SO I WANT PEOPLE TO LEAVE FEELING EMPOWERED AND EQUIPPED WITH THE INFORMATION BECAUSE RECURRENCE OF USE IS GOING TO HAPPEN. IT IS A CHRONIC DISEASE. SO IF WE KNOW THAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN, WHY DON'T WE GIVE THE INDIVIDUAL -- SHARE THAT KNOWLEDGE THAT I HAVE SO THAT I CAN SEE YOU NEXT WEEK AT YOUR NEXT APPOINTMENT? SEE YOU TWO WEEKS LATER. >> IT'S AN APPROACH SHE BELIEVES COULD HELP STEM THE SOARING NUMBER OF DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS - ESPECIALLY AMONG AFRICAN-AMERICANS. HERE IS AND THE ST. LOUIS AREA SINCE 2015, DEATHS FROM DRUG OVERDOSES ARE UP NEARLY 400 PERCENT IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY - A RATE OF INCREASE THAT'S EIGHT TIMES HIGHER THAN THE RISE AMONG WHITE RESIDENTS. IT'S A PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS THAT'S LARGELY BEEN OVER OVERSHADOWED BY THE PANDEMIC. >> IN 2020 AND 2021, WE LOST OVER 400 BLACK MEN OVER A TWO

YEAR SPAN. WE LOST MORE PEOPLE TO OVERDOSES THAN TO COVID-19. THIS IS A CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE. IT'S A HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE THAT WE NEED TO CHANGE. IT IS A CHRONIC DISEASE AND WE HAVE STIGMATIZED A CHRONIC DISEASE. >> YES. >> ROWE HAS BEEN BATTLING ADDICTION SINCE 2016, WHEN HE WAS DEPRESSED OVER LOSING HIS JOB AND SOMEONE OFFERED HIM HEROIN. >> SO I WAS IN THE DUMPS AND I THOUGHT MAYBE THAT WOULD MAKE ME FEEL BETTER IF I SNORTED A COUPLE OF LINES AND THAT HOOKED ME. AND IT HOOKED ME FOR FIVE YEARS. I MEAN, HOOKED ME BAD. >> HEROIN GAVE WAY TO FENTANYL - A SYNTHETIC OPIOID 50 TIMES MORE POWERFUL. EVENTUALLY HE WAS TAKING UP TO 35 PILLS A DAY. >> WAS IT JUST WANTING IT? OR WAS IT NEEDING IT? >> NEEDING. I EVEN STOPPED PAYING BILLS JUST TO GET THAT. YOU KNOW, THE NICE APARTMENT I WAS RENTING THAT I WAS IN FOR

FIVE YEARS, THAT'S GONE. I MEAN, IT REALLY TOOK ME THROUGH SOME THINGS. >> TWO OVERDOSES OF HIS OWN COULDN'T CONVINCE HIM TO TRY TO STOP, BUT THE OVERDOSE DEATHS OF TWO OTHERS CLOSE TO HIM DID. >> I LOST A SON. HE OVERDOSED ON FENTANYL. THEN I LOST A BROTHER ALL IN ONE YEAR. OVERDOSED ON FENTANYL. THAT WOKE ME UP. NO IFS, ANDS, BUTTS, NO SECOND GUESSING, I GOTTA STOP. >> ROWE HAS BEEN CUNNINGHAM'S PATIENT FOR THREE MONTHS. SHE'S -- MONTHS. >> SOME DAYS IT IS SO INTENSE I CANNOT GET PAST IT. >> SHE'S PUT HIM ON SUBOXONE - ONE OF THE MAIN MEDICINES USED TO TREAT OPIOID ADDICTION. >> LET'S SEE HOW YOU DO. THAT SHOULD REALLY HELP CONTROL YOUR CRAVINGS AND WITHDRAWALS. >> HE SAYS IT'S HELPED HIM CUT DOWN TO A SINGLE FENTANYL PILL A DAY. >> I KNOW WHERE THE NEED IS AND THAT'S WHERE I LIKE TO GO.

>> TO REACH PEOPLE LIKE ROWE, CUNNINGHAM TEAMS WITH OTHER HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS AND COMMUNITY GROUPS TO TAKE TREATMENT OUT OF DOCTOR'S OFFICES AND CLINICS AND INTO NEIGHBORHOODS, LIKE THIS ONE IN NORTH ST. LOUIS. >> GET IT CLEANED UP. WHAT ARE YOUR THOUGHTS ABOUT THAT? >> MOBILE TREATMENT CENTERS OFFER THINGS LIKE THE OVERDOSE REVERSAL DRUG NARCAN AND OFFER TIPS ON HOW TO USE DRUGS SAFELY. >> THIS IS ONE EFFORT TO BRING EVERYTHING INTO THE COMMUNITY AND TO ALWAYS RELY -- TO NOT ALWAYS RELY ON THE COMMUNITY TO COME TO US. >> WHAT IS BEING HANDED OUT? >> FOOD, NARCAN, FENTANYL TESTING STRIPS AS WELL. IF PEOPLE NEED ACCESS TO SIGN UP FOR MEDICAID SO WE GET THEM AT LEAST TO START THE INITIAL PROCESS WILL SIGN THEM UP FOR MEDICAID. >> IT'S PART OF AN EFFORT TO BUILD TRUST AND BREAK DOWN BARRIERS IN NEIGHBORHOODS THAT CUNNINGHAM CALLS TREATMENT DESERTS. >> WHERE OUR TREATMENT CENTERS

ARE SITUATED, SOMETIMES YOU HAVE TO CATCH TWO AND THREE BUSES TO GET THERE, SO IMAGINE THE BURDEN WE PUT ON PEOPLE TO COME TO US, TO SEE US. AND THEN YOU HAVE A SMALL WINDOW OF GETTING THERE ON TIME. IF YOUR BUS IS LATE AND THEN YOU'RE TOLD YOU CAN'T BE SEEN. IT'S SO MANY DIFFERENT ISSUES. >> ALSO PART OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD EFFORT: CLERGY, LIKE THE REVEREND RODRICK BURTON. >> THIS IS NARCAN. THIS IS WHAT WE USE TO REVERSE AN OVERDOSE. WE NEED TO GET THIS INTO THE HANDS OF THE COMMUNITY. >> CUNNINGHAM ADVISES THEM HOW TO TALK ABOUT SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN WAYS THAT SHOW COMPASSION. >> THE CHURCH UNFORTUNATELY HAS BEEN -- MANY LEADERS AND MEMBERS HAVE HAD A JUDGMENTAL VIEW OF PEOPLE WHO ARE SUFFERING FROM ADDICTION. WE CAN LEARN, NUMBER ONE, WHAT'S THE RIGHT WAY TO TALK TO PEOPLE WHO ARE EXPERIENCING THIS. SO WE'RE NOT DOING THIS IN A JUDGMENTAL WAY, BUT ALSO HOW CAN WE ACUTELY ADDRESS WHEN PEOPLE DO FALL OUT? HOW CAN WE SAVE THEIR LIVES? >> I RUMOR WALKING THE STREET -- REMEMBER WALKING THE STREET WITH MY GRANDMOTHER. >> IT'S SHIFT IN ATTITUDE THAT CUNNINGHAM KNOWS FIRST-HAND. SHE GREW UP IN THE ST. LOUIS AREA,

AND RECALLS HOW HER GRANDMOTHER SPOKE ABOUT PEOPLE IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD WHO USED DRUGS. >> I WAS RAISED TO VIEW SUBSTANCE USE AS AN ISSUE, DRUG USE PROBLEM, THAT'S ON THE INDIVIDUAL. AND NOW THE MORE KNOWLEDGE AND EDUCATION, I SEE THAT IT'S MORE OF A SYSTEMIC ISSUE. IT'S NOT ON THE INDIVIDUAL, IT'S TRAUMA, IT'S SYSTEMIC RACISM. IT IS ALL OF THAT. >> AND ALL THAT CAN BE A HURDLE BETWEEN PEOPLE WHO USE DRUGS AND FINDING TREATMENT. >> THE OVERDOSE CRISIS IS DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTING BLACK PEOPLE BECAUSE THEY CAN'T GET THEIR BASIC NEEDS MET. >> DEVIN BANKS IS A PSYCHOLOGIST AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI - ST LOUIS. >> THERE IS A STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH BEING A PERSON WHO USES DRUGS, AND THERE'S A STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH BEING BLACK. THE PEOPLE WHO ARE BEING AFFECTED RECOGNIZE THAT STIGMA, THAT DISCRIMINATION, AND THAT PREVENTS THEM FROM FEELING SAFE IN TREATMENT SETTINGS. >> YOU TAKING YOUR MEDICATION? >> I'VE BEEN TAKING IT.

>> CUNNINGHAM SAYS GETTING PATIENTS INTO TREATMENT IS ONLY HALF THE BATTLE. AN EVEN BIGGER CHALLENGE CAN BE KEEPING THEM THERE. >> YOU KNOW WHEN YOUR NEXT APPOINTMENT IS? >> THE THIRD OF NEXT MONTH. >> COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER DE'ANTHONY HENDERSON CRISSCROSSES THE CITY, CHECKING ON PATIENTS AND BEING AN EXTRA SET OF EYES AND EARS FOR CUNNINGHAM. >> SOMETIMES IN THE DOCTOR'S OFFICE, YOU KNOW, THEY DON'T FEEL COMFORTABLE WITH SHARING A LOTTA THINGS. SO WHEN I COME OUT, THEY USUALLY SHARE MORE WITH ME AND I'LL BE ABLE TO SHARE WITH THE PROVIDER . >> WE NEED TO GET YOU UP TO A GOOD DOSE TO TREAT IT. >> IT'S ALL PART OF CUNNINGHAM'S APPROACH TO TREATING ADDICTION - ONE THAT GERORD ROWE CREDITS FOR THE PROGRESS HE'S MADE. >> TREE DON'T SCOLD ME. SHE LETS ME MAKE MY OWN DECISION. EITHER YOU ARE GOING TO STOP OR NOT. BUT I'M GOING TO TELL YOU, IF YOU DON'T STOP, THIS IS THE RESULT. AND IF YOU DO STOP, THIS IS THE RESULT. >> CAN YOU PUT INTO WORDS WHAT THEY GIVE YOU?

>> HOPE. CONFIDENCE. THEY GIVE ME AN OUTLOOK FOR A -- THEY GIVE ME THE POWER TO OVERCOME THIS. THEY GIVE ME AN OUTLOOK FOR A BETTER FUTURE. I REALLY APPRECIATE YOU. >> A FUTURE THAT HE HOPES WILL NOT INCLUDE DRUGS. >> FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, I'M JOHN YANG IN ST LOUIS. JUDY: AS WE REPORTED EARLIER, THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS FURTHER REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF WATER STATES CAN GET FROM THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN. THE MOVE COMES AS THE AMERICAN WEST FACES UNPRECEDENTED CHALLENGES TO PRESERVE A RIVER THAT CONTINUES TO RAPIDLY RECEDE. STEPHANIE SY, WHO IS IN ARIZONA, HAS OUR REPORT. >> JUDY, TODAY'S WATER CUTS DEMONSTRATE THE ONGOING SEVERITY OF THE DROUGHT IN THE WEST.

NEARLY 40 MILLION PEOPLE ACROSS SEVEN STATES AS WELL AS MEXICO RELY ON THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN. AS OF NOW, ITS RESERVOIRS. LAKE MEAD AND LAKE POWELL ARE BOTH BELOW 30% FULL AS CLIMATE CHANGE CONTINUES TO FUEL DRIER CONDITIONS NEXT YEAR, ARIZONA WILL LOSE 21% OF ITS YEARLY SUPPLY OF RIVER WATER, NEVADA WILL GO WITHOUT 8%, AND MEXICO LOSES 7% OF ITS ALLOTMENT. FOR MORE ON WHAT ALL OF THIS MEANS, I AM JOINED BY JENNIFER PITT. SHE HAS SPENT YEARS RESEARCHING AND WORKING TO PROTECT ECOSYSTEMS IN THE LORADO RIVER BASIN, MOST RECENTLY AS A PROGRAM DIRECTOR FOR THE NATIONAL AUDUBON SOCIETY. JENNIFER, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING THE NEWSHOUR. THE U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION ANNOUNCED LAKE MEAD, WHICH SUPPLIES WATER TO ABOUT 25 MILLION PEOPLE IS AT AN UNPRECEDENTED TIER TWO SHORTAGE . THAT WAS ANNOUNCED TODAY AND THAT HAS TRIGGERED THESE CUTS. HOW SIGNIFICANT ARE THEY? >> THE CUTS ARE SIGNIFICANT EVEN

MORE SIGNIFICANT IS THE RAPIDITY WITH WHICH THE RESERVOIRS ON THE COLORADO RIVER ARE DECLINING. WE HAVE CLEAR INDICATIONS THAT THESE CUTS WON'T BE ENOUGH. >> TODAY WAS SUPPOSED TO BE THIS DEADLINE FOR ALL OF THESE STATES TO REACH AN AGREEMENT ON HOW TO MAKE CUTS AMOUNTING TO TWO TO 4 MILLION ACRE-FEET OF WATER. THEY DID NOT MEET THAT. OUR TODAY'S CUTS ALWAYS SHOULD EXPECT TO SEE BY WAY OF FEDERAL INTERVENTION? THEY CLEARLY DO NOT SEEM TO BE ENOUGH. >> I THINK YOU ARE RIGHT AND NO, I DON'T THINK THAT'S ALL WE'RE GOING TO SEE. THE WATER JUST IS NOT THERE. THE QUESTION IS NOT WHETHER THERE WILL BE CUTS. THE QUTION IS WHO WILL MAKE THE DECISION ABOUT THE CUTS AND HOW THEY WILL BE ALLOCATED TO DIFFERENT WATER USERS IN THE BASIN. SO I WOULD EXPECT THAT BY THE TIME 2023 ROLLS AROUND, WE WILL HAVE A SENSE OF WHO WILL BE USING LESS WATER BECAUSE WE HAVE NO CHOICE AT THAT POINT.

>> THEY DID NOT SET A NEW DEADLINE, THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION TODAY. THE STATES MISSED TODAY'S DEADLINE. WHAT HAPPENS NEXT? AT WHAT POINT DO WE SEE MORE FEDERAL INTERVENTION OR IS THERE HOPE THAT THE STATES ARE GOING TO REACH SOME COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT? >> SO YOU'RE CORRECT IN POINTING OUT THAT THERE WAS NO NEW DEADLINE ESTABLISHED TODAY. AND I DO THINK THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS AS WELL AS REALLY EVERYBODY WHO WORKS ON THE COLORADO RIVER WOULD MUCH PREFER TO SEE THE STATES COME UP WITH THEIR OWN COLLABORATIVE SOLUTION. BUT I THINK THE MESSAGE WE HEARD TODAY IS THAT IF THAT DOESN'T HAPPEN, THERE IS NO DOUBT THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WILL TAKE UNILATERAL ACTION. THEY HAVE TO DO THAT TO PREVENT CATASTROPHIC OUTCOMES ON THE COLORADO RIVER. >> THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION COMMISSIONER SAID TODAY JENNIFER THAT THE SYSTEM IS APPROACHING A QUOTE TIPPING POINT AND WITHOUT

ACTION WE CANNOT PROTECT THE SYSTEM. WHAT ABROAD ACTIONS DO YOU THINK ARE REQUIRED AT THIS POINT? >> AT THIS POINT IT IS REALLY GOING TO BE REQUIRING THAT ALL WATER USERS, ALL THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN USING COLORADO RIVER WATER, FIGURE OUT WAYS TO USE LESS. THAT MEANS CITIES FIGURING OUT HOW TO USE LESS. THAT MEANS IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE FIGURING OUT HOW TO USE LESS. EVERYBODY HAS TO REDUCE USES OF COLORADO RIVER WATER. >> YOU TALK ABOUT HOW IT IS USED. I AM IN ARIZONA WHICH IS FACING SOME OF THE BIGGEST CUTS. YOU SEE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CONTINUING UNCHECKED. WHEN YOU HAVE CITIES DEMANDING MORE WATER FROM A SHRINKING RIVER, HOW DOES THAT COMPUTE? >> IT CAN SEEM IMPOSSIBLE AT

TIMES. ONE THING I WOULD POINT OUT IS IN THE LAST 20 YEARS WE HAVE SEEN WHERE CITIES DON'T HAVE ACCESS TO WATER, THEY FIGURE OUT HOW TO ADD POPULATION AND NEW HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT INCREASING THEIR WATER USE. CANDIDATE NUMBER ONE FOR SHOWING US HOW TO DO THAT AT THIS POINT IS LAS VEGAS. THEY ARE USING LESS WATER THAN THEY WERE 20 YEARS AGO. THEY HAVE INCREASED THEIR POPULATION. IT CAN BE DONE. WE HAVE TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO LIVE A GOOD LIFE IN THE WEST WITH LESS WATER USE. >> I WANT TO ASK A MOUNTAINTOP VIEW QUESTION. IS CONTINUING TO TALK ABOUT THIS PROBLEM AS A DROUGHT THE RIGHT FRAMING OR IS IT MORE REALISTIC TO THINK ABOUT THIS AS A CLIMATE CHANGE DRIVEN PHENOMENON THAT IS NOT GOING TO END? >> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION, AND I THINK YOU ARE SPOT ON. WHAT WE ARE SEEING IS EVEN IN YEARS WITH AVERAGE SNOWPACK, WE ARE GETTING RUNOFF INTO THE

RIVER WELL ABOVE AVERAGE. THAT IS A RESULT OF THE HEAT ARE EXPERIENCING IN THIS REGION, EVAPORATING WATER OFF THE LAND SO WE ARE NOT GETTING WATER INTO THE RIVERS. WE DON'T HAVE THE SUPPLY WE USE TO. WE CAN EXPECT THIS PROBLEM TO CONTINUE. WE NEED TO FIGURE OUT DURABLE SOLUTIONS TO THIS WATER SUPPLY CRISIS. >> JENNIFER PITT, THE COLORADO RIVER PROGRAM DIRECTOR WITH THE AUDUBON SOCIETY, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING THE NEWS HOUR. >> THANK YOU. JUDY: AND WE'LL BE BACK SHORTLY WITH A JOURNALIST'S TAKE ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TELLING THE WHOLE STORY. BUT FIRST, TAKE A MOMENT TO HEAR FROM YOUR LOCAL PBS STATION. IT'S A CHANCE TO OFFER YOUR JUDYA CO-FOUNDER OF THE SOLUTIONS JOURNALISM NETWORK, AN

ORGANIZATION THAT WORKS WITH NEWS ORGANIZATIONS TO PRODUCE RIGOROUS REPORTING ON RESPONSES TO SOCIAL PROBLEMS. THE GOAL, TO REBALANCE THE NEWS IN A WAY THAT PROVIDES PEOPLE A SENSE OF INVESTMENT AND PROVIDE COMMUNITIES WITH THE INFORMATION THEY NEED TO PARTICIPATE IN A HEALTHY DEMOCRACY. TONIGHT HE GIVES HIS BRIEF BUT SPECTACULAR TAKE ON TELLING "THE WHOLE STORY." >> I LIKE TO THINK ABOUT NEWS JUST AS A FEEDBACK SYSTEM. YOU KNOW, A GOOD FEEDBACK SYSTEM TO WORK NEEDS TO LET YOU KNOW WHAT YOU NEED TO BE AFRAID OF WHAT YOU NEED TO BE AWARE OF. AND YOU NEED TO KNOW WHAT YOU CAN DO ABOUT IT. YOU NEED TO KNOW WHERE THE EFFICACY IS. IF YOU ONLY DO ONE WITHOUT THE OTHER, YOU'RE GOING TO CAUSE PEOPLE TO BURY THEIR HEADS IN THE SAND. AND IF YOU ONLY DO THE OTHER , YOU ARE SORT OF A POLLYANNA AND YOU'RE, YOU'RE MAKING PEOPLE FEEL GOOD, BUT YOU'RE NOT REALLY GIVING THEM INFORMATION THAT IS TRUE TO REALITY. IN BALANCE YOU CAN ACTIVATE PEOPLE. AND I THINK JOURNALISM AT ITS BEST SHOULD ACTIVATE PEOPLE TO BE POWERFUL PLAYERS IN A

PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY. THERE'S JUST A GREAT SENSE OF WELL-BEING THAT COMES FROM THAT. THAT WAY OF LIVING. JOURNALISM OR ANY MEDIA SHOULD HELP BUILD THAT CAPACITY, SHOULD HELP FEED IT. IT DOES NOT TAKE AWAY FROM LETTING US KNOW ABOUT WARS AND CORRUPTION AND MALFEASANCE AND WHAT WE ARE SEEING OBVIOUSLY IN POLITICS AROUND THE WORLD WITH POPULISM. BUT AT THE SAME TIME IF WE MAKE THAT THE ONLY FOCUS OF OUR ATTENTION, WE WILL BE LEAVING THE BEST OF HUMAN NATURE ON TABLE. THE MAIN WAY THAT THE NEWS HARMS DEMOCRACY IS BY PROVIDING A VIEW OF THE WORLD THAT IS LARGELY DEFICIT FRAMED. I MEAN, WE ARE AMPLY INFORMED ABOUT WHAT'S GOING WRONG ABOUT WHAT'S UGLY, BUT WHAT'S CORRUPT, BUT BECAUSE WE DON'T HAVE, UM, A SIMILAR AMOUNT OF INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT'S GROWING, WHAT ARE THE NEW POSSIBILITIES EMERGING? WE HAVE A VERY FLUID KIND OF -- FLAWED KIND OF ONE-SIDED

VIEW. IT'S AS IF YOU'RE YOUR PARENTS WERE ONLY EVER CRITICIZING WHAT YOU DID AND NEVER LETTING YOU KNOW WHERE YOU HAD POSSIBILITIES TO GROW. MANY PEOPLE WHO WOULD, I THINK WOULD LOVE TO PARTICIPATE IN CONTRIBUTING TO A BETTER COMMUNITY, EVEN A BETTER SOCIETY OR WORLD, HAVE AN IMPOVERISHED SENSE OF THEIR POWER TO DO SO, PARTICULARLY WHEN IT COMES TO COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED POVERTY HISTORICALLY, OR COMMUNITIES OF COLOR IN THE UNITED STATES, ESPECIALLY, YOU HAVE NARRATIVES THAT HAVE BEEN DEFICIT FRAMED FOR, YOU KNOW, FOR AS LONG AS WE HAVE HAD JOURNALISM. YOU COULD LOOK AT MAJOR NEWS ORGANIZATIONS ACROSS THE UNITED STATES. YOU LOOK AT THE METRO DAILY, THE LARGE NEWSPAPER IN THAT COMMUNITY, AND YOU TAKE A COMMUNITY OF COLOR AND YOU TYPE IN THE SEARCH, AND YOU'LL FIND IN MANY CASES THAT THE MAJORITY OF STORIES ARE ABOUT VIOLENCE. AS IF TO SAY THAT IS THE MAJORITY OF ACTIVITY IN THAT COMMUNITY. NOW I'M NOT DENYING THAT WE SHOULD COVER VIOLENCE. THE POINT IS IT IS NOT THE ONLY

TRUTH. WE SHOULD TELL THE WHOLE STORY. AND IF WE DON'T TELL THE WHOLE STORY ABOUT COMMUNITIES, WE ARE CREATING BIAS IN THE MINDS OF PEOPLE WHO OFTEN HAVE POWER OVER THOSE COMMUNITIES. WHAT WE'RE SEEING, WHAT I SEE, JUST BECAUSE I AM A LITTLE BIT THE SPIDER AT THE CENTER OF THIS WEB OF SOLUTIONS JOURNALISM, IS MY HEAD IS FILLED WITH STORIES OF SOLUTIONS ALL THE TIME, WHICH REALLY INOCULATES YOU AGAINST, YOU KNOW, SOME OF THE BAD STUFF THAT'S BEEN COMING OUR WAY IN RECE YEARS. CATCH THE WORLD DOING THE RIGHT THING AND LET THAT ALSO SPREAD. MY NAME IS DAVID BORNSTEIN, AND THIS IS MY BRIEF, BUT SPECTACULAR TAKE ON TELLING THE WHOLE STORY. >> A LOT TO THINK ABOUT. YOU CAN WATCH MORE BRIEF BUT SPECTACULAR VIDEOS ONLINE AT PBS.ORG/NEWSHOUR/BRIEF. THAT IS THE NEWSHOUR FROM TONIGHT. JOIN US ONLINE AND AGAIN HERE TOMORROW. FROM ALL OF US, THANK YOU.

PLEASE STAY SAFE AND WE WILL SEE YOU SOON. >> MOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY. >> ARCHITECT, BEEKEEPER, MENTOR. A RAYMONDJAMES FINANCIAL ADVISOR TAYLOR'S ADVICE TO HELP YOU LIVE YOUR LIFE. LIFE WELL PLANNED. >> CARNEGIE CORPORATION OF NEW YORK, SUPPORTING INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION, DEMOCRATIC ENGAGEMENT , AND THE ADVANCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY AT CARNEGIE.ORG. THE TARGET FOUNDATION COMMITTED TO ADVANCING RACIAL EQUITY AND CREATING THE CHANGE REQUIRED TO SHIFT SYSTEMS AND ACCELERATE EQUITABLE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY. AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS. THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC

BROADCASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. THIS IS THE PBS NEWSHOUR FROM W ETA STUDIOS IN WASHINGTON AND IN THE WEST AND THE WALTER CRONKITE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM AT ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY. Narrator : On this season of "The Great American Recipe"...

Oh, baby, here we go. Narrator: over seven weeks of competition, celebrating the heart of American home cooking. Brian, voice-over: In my mom's house, we always had oatmeal cookies. They really strike home in my heart. Nikki: I smell me a bunch of delicious! Foo: Ha ha ha! Narrator: Our home cooks have shared their most treasured recipes... Bambi: And when you cook with love, no matter what it is, it's the best thing that you've ever tasted. Narrator: and the heartfelt stories behind each delicious dish. Dan: Gnocchi needs the ridges because it has to hold the sauce. This is the recipe I can say for sure it came from Italy. Chef Tiffany Derry: I can taste the generations of flavor. Narrator: Together, they have connected through their cooking. What do you think? Mmm, it's great. It's great? Yeah. As much as this is a competition, we're a family here. Nikki: Theve touched my life, my soul, my heart,