PBS NewsHour; November 20, 2021, 5:30pm-6:00pm PST

- Captioning sponsored by WNET - >> Sreenivan: ON THIS EDITION - FOR SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 20: - REACTIONS TO THE "NOT GUILTY" - VERDICTS IN THE RITTENHOUSE - TRIAL. - NEW PRESSURE TO PUT MORE - DISTANCE BETWEEN PEOPLE AND OIL - AND GAS DRILLING IN CALIFORNIA. - AND, "IF AT FIRST YOU DON'T - SUCCEED"-- LESSONS LEARNED, AT - THE MUSEUM OF FAILURE. - >> THE REAL OBSTACLE TO - INNOVATION IS THAT PEOPLE ARE - AFRAID OF FAILING. - >> Sreenivasan: NEXT, ON PBS - NEWSHOUR WEEKEND. - >> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE - POSSIBLE BY: - SUE AND EDGAR WACHENHEIM III. - BERNARD AND DENISE SCHWARTZ. - THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN - FAMILY. - THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUND. - THE ESTATE OF WORTHINGTON - MAYO-SMITH. - LEONARD AND NORMA KLORFINE. - THE ROSALIND P. WALTER - FOUNDATION.

- KOO AND PATRICIA YUEN, - COMMITTED TO BRIDGING CULTURAL - DIFFERENCES IN OUR COMMUNITIES. - BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. - WE TRY TO LIVE IN THE MOMENT, - TO NOT MISS WHAT'S RIGHT IN - FRONT OF US. - AT MUTUAL OF AMERICA, WE - BELIEVE TAKING CARE OF TOMORROW - CAN HELP YOU MAKE THE MOST OF - TODAY. - MUTUAL OF AMERICA FINANCIAL - GROUP, RETIREMENT SERVICES AND - INVESTMENTS. - >> FOR 2YEARS, CONSUMER - CELLULAR'S GOAL HAS BEEN TO - PROVIDE WIRELESS SERVICE THAT - HELPS PEOPLE COMMUNICATE AND - CONNECT. - WE OFFER A VARIETY OF - NO-CONTRACT PLANS, AND OUR - U.S.-BASED CUSTOMER SERVICE TEAM - CAN HELP FIND ONE THAT FITS YOU. - TO LEARN MORE, VISIT - www.consumercellular.tv. - ADDITIONAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN - PROVIDED BY: - AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR - PUBLIC BROADCASTING, A PRIVATE - CORPORATION FUNDED BY THE - AMERICAN PEOPLE. - AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR - PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE - YOU. - THANK YOU. - >> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING - AND THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

- SMALL GROUPS OF PROTESTERS TOOK - TO THE STREETS AROUND THE - COUNTRY LAST NIGHT, AFTER - THE ACQUITTAL OF TEENAGER - KYLE RITTENHOUSE. - A WISCONSIN JURY FOUND HIM - NOT GUILTY ON ALL CHARGES - RELATED TO SHOOTINGS LAST AUGUST - AT A SOCIAL JUSTICE PROTEST, - WHERE HE KILLED TWO MEN AND - SERIOUSLY INJURED A THIRD. - >> NO JUSTICE! - >> NO PEACE! - >> Sreenivasan: IN NEW YORK, - PROTESTERS MARCHED ON TO THE - BROOKLYN BRIDGE, BRIEFLY - SHUTTING DOWN TRAFFIC AS - POLICE LOOKED ON. - IN CHICAGO, A SMALL GROUP - TOOK TO THE STREETS TO PROTEST - THE VERDICT. - AND IN PORTLAND, POLICE DECLARED - A RIOT AFTER GROUPS OF - PROTESTERS SET SMALL FIRES IN - THE STREET. - BUT IN KENOSHA, WISCONSIN, - WHERE RITTENHOUSE WAS TRIED, - FEARS OF CIVIL DISTURBANCES - WERE UNFOUNDED. - AMID A HEAVY LAW ENFORCEMENT - PRESENCE THAT INCLUDED THE - WISCONSIN NATIONAL GUARD, THERE - WERE NO REPORTS OF VIOLENCE, - AND BY NIGHTFALL, ONLY A HANDFUL - OF PROTESTERS. - EARLIER IN THE DAY, THE - GIRLFRIEND OF ONE OF THE MEN - KILLED IN AUGUST O2020, - ANTHONY HUBER, SAID SHE WAS - HEARTBROKEN, AND PLEDGED TO - CONTINUE FIGHTING FOR JUSTICE. - >> I DON'T THINK THAT ANY OF US - WHO WERE DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN - WHAT HAPPENED LAST YEAR ON THE

- 25th ARE REALLY THAT SURPRISED. - WE KNOW THAT THIS SYSTEM IS A - FAILURE. - >> Sreenivasan: WE'LL HAVE MORE - ON REACTION TO THE RITTENHOUSE - VERDICT, AFTER THE NEWS SUMMARY. - IN CITIES WORLDWIDE TODAY, THERE - WERE PROTESTS-- SOME VIOLENT-- - OVER COVID-19 LOCKDOWNS AND - VACCINATION MANDATES. - IN THE NETHERLANDS, RIOTING - ERUPTED IN THE CITY OF ROTTERDAM - LAST NIGHT, STEMMING FROM A - PROTEST AGAINST COVID-19 - RESTRICTIONS. - ROTTERDAM'S MAYOR CALLED THE - RIOTING, “AN ORGY OF VIOLEE.” - 51 PEOPLE WERE ARRESTED, AND AT - LEAST TWO PROTESTERS WERE - HOSPITALIZED WITH BULLET WOUNDS, - WHICH MAY HAVE COME WHEN POLICE - OPENED FIRE DURING THE - DEMONSTRATIONS. - IN VIENNA, AUSTRIA TODAY, TENS - OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE TOOK TO - THE STREETS TO PROTEST A TEN-DAY - NATIONWIDE LOCKDOWN THAT WILL - BEGIN ON MONDAY. - AUSTRIA'S GOVERNMENT ANNOUNCED - THE LOCKDOWN YESTERDAY, AS - COVID-19 INFECTIONS IN THE - COUNTRY HIT A RECORD HIGH. - THE GOVERNMENT ALSO ANNOUNCED - YESTERDAY THAT VACCINATIONS WILL - BECOME MANDATORY STARTING IN - FEBRUARY, THE FIRST SUCH MOVE BY - A EUROPEAN NATION. - AND IN AUSTRALIA'S VICTORIA - STATE, PRO- AND ANTI-VACCINE

- RALLIES WERE HELD IN THE STATE'S - CAPITAL OVER LEGISLATION THAT - WOULD GRANT BROADER POWERS TO - THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT TO ADDRESS - PUBLIC HEALTH. - AT LEAST 17 PEOPLE DIED IN - THE SOUTHERN INDIAN STATE OF - ANDHRA PRADESH TODAY, AS - HEAVY RAIN AND FLOODING CONTINUE - TO HIT THE AREA. - THREE PEOPLE WERE KILLED - FOLLOWING A BUILDING COLLAPSE - LATE LAST NIGHT. - AS OF THIS AFTERNOON, TEN PEOPLE - WERE FREED FROM THE RUBBLE, T - TWO REMAINED MISSING. - INTENSE RAIN HAS BEEN HITTING - THE REGION SINCE THURSDAY, - TRIGGERING MASSIVE FLOODS THAT - HAVE STRANDED PEOPLE IN HOMES - AND VEHICLES. - INDIA DEPLOYED ITS NATIONAL - DISASTER RELIEF FORCE TO ASSIST - WITH RESCUE AND EVACUATION - EFFORTS. - SECRETARY OF DEFENSE LLOYD - AUSTIN IS IN THE MIDDLE EAST - TODAY, MEETING WITH ALLIES, AS - INDIRECT TALKS TO REVIVE THE - 2015 IRAN NUCLEAR PACT ARE - SET TO GET UNDERWAY LATER THIS - MONTH. - THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION IS - HOPING TO REVIVE THE DEAL, - WHICH LIMITED IRAN'S NUCLEAR - PROGRAM AND MANDATED INSPECTIONS - IN RETURN FOR LIFTING ECONOMIC - SANCTIONS. - THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION PULLED - OUT OF THAT PACT IN 2018. - THE MEETING IN BAHRAIN COMES AS - IRANIAN STATE MEDIA REPORTED

- TODAY THAT REVOLUTIONARY GUARDS - SEIZED A FOREIGN SHIP IN THE - PERSIAN GULF FOR REPORTEDLY - SMUGGLING DIESEL. - THERE WAS NO INFORMATION - PROVIDED ON THE NATIONALITY OF - THE SHIP, OR OF THE 11 CREW - MEMBERS WHO ARE DETAINED. - >> Sreenivasan: FOR MORE - NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL NEWS, - VISIT www.pbs.org/newshour. - >> Sreenivasan: FOR MORE ON THE - POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE - VERDICT IN THE RITTENHOUSE - TRIAL, I SPOKE WITH INSHA - RAHMAN, A FORMER PUBLIC DEFENDER - AND NOW THE VICE PRESIDENT OF - ADVOCACY AND PARTNERSHIPS AT - THE VERA INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE-- - A NON-PROFIT ADVOCACY - ORGANIZATION THAT FOCUSES ON - CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM. - INSHA, IS THERE DATA OUT THERE - THAT SAYS IF KYLE RITTENHOUSE - WAS BLACK, THAT THE SENTENCE - WOULD HAVE BEEN DIFFERENT? - >> THERE'S DATA THAT SHOWS US - THAT, AT EACH AND EVERY TURN, IF - KYLE RITTENHOUSE WAS AN 18-YEAR- - OLD BLACK MAN, THE SYSTEM WOULD - HAVE TREATED HIM DIFFERENTLY. - SO, REMEMBER THAT THERE ARE - 15 MILLION CRIMINAL CASES FILED - IN THIS COUNTRY EACH YEAR. - SO, ALREADY, THE FACT THAT IN - KYLE RITTENHOUSE'S CASE, HE WAS

- FREE TO COME BACK TO COURT, HE - WAS RELEASED ON BAIL-- THAT IS - UNUSUAL. - THE VAST MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WHO - CAN'T AFFORD THEIR BAIL ARE - BLACK AND BROWN IN THIS COUNTRY. - SO ALREADY, THAT'S SOMETHING - THAT'S SET KYLE RITTENHOUSE - APART FROM THE VAST MAJORITY OF - OTHER PEOPLE FACING THE CRIMINAL - LEGAL SYSTEM IN THIS COUNTRY. - SECOND, HE WENT TO TRIAL. - LESS THAN 5% OF CASES GO TO - TRIAL. - MOST CASES IN THIS COUNTRY - END IN A PLEA BARGAIN OR A - DISMISSAL. - SO, THE FACT THAT KYLE - RITTENHOUSE HAD A TRIAL-- AND AN - INCREDIBLY PUBLIC ONE AT THAT-- - IS A RARITY AS WELL. - AND THE VAST MAJORITY, AGAIN, OF - PEOPLE WHO ARE FACING THE - CRIMINAL LEGAL PROCESS ARE BLACK - AND BROWN, AND DO NOT HAVE THE - BENEFIT OF TELLING THEIR STORY, - OF APPEARING AS A FULL HUMAN, AS - A KID WHO SOBS IN THE COURTROOM. - >> Sreenivasan: HOW SPECIFIC IS - THIS TO THE LAW IN WISCONS - VERSUS OTHER STATES? - >> SO, AS A MATTER OF SPECIFICS - AND THE LAW, KYLE RITTENHOUSE'S - CASE WAS A DIFFICULT ONE FOR THE - JURY, BECAUSE THE LAW OF SELF-

- DEFENSE IN WISCONSIN BASICALLY - SAYS IT'S AN OPEN-CARRY STATE. - SO YOU ARE LEGALLY ALLOWED TO - HAVE A GUN IN THE WAY THAT KYLE - RITTENHOUSE DID, EVEN THOUGH HE - WAS UNDERAGE AT THE TIME. - AND, THE WAY THAT THE SELF- - DEFENSE LAW IS WRITTEN, WHICH IS - BASICALLY, "IF YOU FEEL - REASONABLY THREATENED FOR YOUR - SAFETY OR FEAR OF YOUR LIFE, - THAT YOU CAN ACT," YOU KNOW, - IN THE WAYS THAT KYLE - RITTENHOUSE DID. - SO IT'S A HARD CASE, LEGALLY. - AND IF I WERE LOOKING AT IT SORT - OF FROM A VERY NARROW PUBLIC - DEFENDER LAWYER LENS, I WOULD - SAY, I UNDERSTAND WHY THE JURY - GRAPPLED FOR THREE DAYS, AND - MAYBE-- MAYBE, I UNDERSTAND WHY - THEY CAME BACK WITH THE VERDICT - THAT THEY DID. - BUT IF I'M THINKING ABOUT THIS - CASE FROM A STRUCTURAL - PERSPECTIVE, ABOUT THE SPECTER - OF RACE AND WHITE NATIONALISM - AND RACISM THAT IS PERMEATING - THIS CASE FROM START TO FINISH, - THAT'S WHERE I'M REALLY TROUBLED - BY THE OUTCOME. - BECAUSE, AS WE TALKED ABOUT, - IF KYLE RITTENHOUSE WAS A

- YOUNG BLACK MAN, YOU CAN BE SURE - THAT THE VERDICT YESTERDAY WOULD - HAVE BEEN DIFFERENT. - IT WOULD HAVE BEEN GUILTY. - AND, IN FACT, YOU CAN BE SURE - THAT KYLE RITTENHOUSE, IF HE WAS - A YOUNG BLACK MAN, PROBABLY - WOULDN'T HAVE MADE IT OUT OF - KENOSHA ALIVE ON AUGUST 25, 2020 - IF HE WAS BRANDISHING A GUAND - HAD SHOT AND KILLED TWO PEOPLE - AND SERIOUSLY MAIMED ANOTHER. - >> Sreenivasan: DO YOU THINK - THERE'S THE POSSIBILITY HERE - THAT IT EMPOWERS OTHER FOLKS TO - SAY, YOU KNOW WHAT? - THIS KIND OF GIVES ME - PERMISSION, A LICENSE, TO GO - LOOKING FOR WHOEVER I FEEL - THREATENED BY. - >> IT MOST CERTAINLY DOES. - YOU CAN BE SURE THAT SOME OF THE - COUNTRY YESTERDAY CELEBRATED, - AND SAID, "WELL, THIS ACTUALLY - SHOWS US THAT WE, AS WHITE - PEOPLE, ARE JUSTIFIED IN OUR - FEAR," FRANKLY, "OF BLACK POWER, - OF PROTEST IN SUPPORT OF BLACK - LIVES." - THERE'S ABSOLUTELY A LARGER - MESSAGE THAT YESTERDAY'S - ACQUITTAL SENDS, AND YOU HAVE TO

- BELIEVE THAT, DESPITE THE - SPECIFIC LEGAL, YOU KNOW, - QUESTIONS IN THIS CASE, THAT THE - JURY KNEW THAT THIS WOULD SEND A - MESSAGE TO THIS COUNTRY, AND YET - THEY STILL CAME BACK WITH AN - ACQUITTAL. - >> Sreenivasan: INSHA RAHMAN, - FROM THE VERA INSTITUTE. - THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US. - >> THANK YOU. - GREAT TO BE ON HERE. - >> Sreenivasan: MILLIONS OF - CALIFORNIANS LIVE CLOSE TO OIL - AND GAS DRILLING AND PRODUCTION. - IT'S A SITUATION THAT STUDIES - SHOW CAN CREATE A SILENT HEALTH - HAZARD. - NOW, THERE ARE EFFORTS TO PUT - MORE DISTANCE BETWEEN PEOPLE AND - DRILLING OPERATIONS. - NEWSHOUR WEEKEND SPECIAL - CORRESPONDENT TOM CASCIATO HAS - THE STORY, BEGINNING IN THE - SMALL CITY OF ARVIN, ABOUT - 100 MILES NORTH OF LOS ANGELES. - THIS STORY IS PART OF OUR - ONGOING SERIES, "PERIL AND - PROMISE: THE CHALLENGE OF - CLIMATE CHANGE." - >> Reporter: ARVIN IS THE KIND - OFOWN WHERE YOU CAN DRIVE PAST - AN OIL PUMPING OPERATION, KEEP - GOING FOR A BIT, AND ROUND THE - CORNER TO SEE THAT IT'NEXT

- DOOR TO A RESIDENTIAL STREET, - LIKE NELSON COURT. - BUT IT WAS WHAT LURKED BENEATH - NELSON COURT THAT LED TO A LOCAL - DISASTER IN 2014. - >> AND WE HAVE BREAKING NEWS - OUT OF ARVIN TONIGHT, WHERE - SEVERAL HOMES HAVE BEEN - EVACUATED DUE TO A POTENTIALLY - DANGEROUS GAS LEAK. - >> Reporter: IT BEGAN AS A SMALL - TOWN STORY. - >> AND HERE'S A LOOK AT THE - AFFECTED AREAS TONIGHT. - EIGHT ARVIN HOMES NEAR NELSON - COURT AND VARSITY ROAD ARE UNDER - MANDATORY EVACUATIONS... - >> ( translated ): THE PERSON - ACROSS FROM ME CALLED THE - GAS COMPANY BECAUSE HER HUSBAND - SMELLED A LOT OF GAS. - >> Reporter: RESIDENT FRANCISCO - GONZALEZ. - >> ( translated ): AND THE - PERSON ON THE OTHER CORNER'S - DAUGHTER SAID THAT SHE HAD - FAINTED. - >> Reporter: THE SMELL WAS FROM - A LEAKING UNDERGROUND PIPE THAT - FILLED EIGHT HOMES WITH HIGHLY - EXPLOSIVE LEVELS OF GAS. - >> ...REMAIN UNDER EVACUATION - ORDERS DUE TO A DANGEROUS GAS - LEAK. - >> Reporter: EVACUATED RESIDENTS - DIDN'T RETURN FOR MONTHS. - >> THIS IS A PIPE THAT WAS BUILT - UNDERGROUND BEFORE THE HOMES - WERE HERE. - >> Reporter: CESAR AGUIRRE IS A - COMMUNITY ORGANIZER WITH THE - NON-PROFIT GROUP, CENTRAL - CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE - NETWORK. - IT WORKS TO IMPROVE THE

- ENVIRONMENT FOR LOW INCOME AND - COMMUNITIES OF COLOR. - >> HERE WE'RE BORN IN THAT - CAUSED THE CLIMATE CRISIS THAT - WE FIND OURSELVES IN. - >> Reporter: HE SAID THE OIL - AND GAS INDUSTRY IS A COMMON - NEXT-DOOR NEIGHBOR HERE, AND - TOOK ME ON A TOUR OF EXAMPLES - RIGHT NEAR WHERE PEOPLE WORK, - PLAY, AND EVEN WORSHIP. - >> RIGHT HERE WE'RE STANDING IN - FRONT OF THE BIGGEST CHURCH IN - ARVIN. - AS A MATTER OF FACT, EVERY - DECEMBER 12, THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE - MEET IN THE PARKING LOT AND THEY - HAVE CONGREGATION HERE TO - CELEBRATE THE VIRGIN MARY. - AND JUST ON THE OTHER SIDE OF IT - THERE'S OIL DRILLING HAPPENING. - >> Reporter: THERE'S A PUMPING - OPERATION RIGHT BEHIND THE - CHURCH, FEATURING WHAT APPEARS - TO BE A RUPTED TUBE. - BENEATH IT, A BLACK STAIN. - >> THERE SHOULD BE ZERO OIL - TOUCHING THE GROUND, BECAUSE - THEN IT BECOMES A THREAT TO THE - GROUNDTER AND TO THE SOIL. - >> Reporter: WE REACHED OUT FOR - COMMENT TO THE OWNER OF THE - WELL, SEQUOIA EXPLORATIONS INC., - WHICH ACQUIRED IT EARLIER THIS - YEAR. - ITS C.E.O., MARK JACOBS, - REPLIED, "WE HAVE NOTIFIED OUR - FIELD PERSONNEL OF THIS MATTER - AND WILL MAKE SURE THIS IS - DEALT WITH IMMEDIATELY." - WHAT WE SAW MAY NOT HAVE BEEN - CATASTROPHIC, BUT IT ILLUSTRATES - ONE FEATURE OF LIVING CHEEK-TO-

- JOWL WITH A POLLUTING INDUSTRY. - AND THAT'S NOT JUST AN ARVIN - THING. - ACCORDING TO THE NON-PROFIT - FRACTRACKER ALLIANCE, MORE THAN - SEVEN MILLION CALIFORNIANS LIVE - WITHIN A MILE OF AN OIL OR GAS - WELL. - SOME FOUR MILLION OF THEM ARE - PEOPLE OF COLOR. - THAT MEANS THE CLIMATE CHALLENGE - IS ABOUT A LOT MORE THAN - LOWERING EMISSIONS, SAYS - PROFESSOR MANUEL PASTOR. - >> WHAT I LIKE TO SAY IS THAT - CLIMATE CHANGE IS REAL, BUT SO - IS THE CLIMATE GAP. - WE KNOW FROM THE SOCIAL SCIENCE - RESEARCH WHO IS SUFFERING THE - BRUNT, A LIKELY TO SUFFER THE - FUTURE BRUNT, OF THAT CLIMATE - CHANGE. - SO MUCH AS WE NEED TO BE LIFTING - UP THE NEED TO ADDRESS - GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND - REDUCE THEM BELOW THE 1990 - LEVELS, WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND - THAT THE TERRAIN OF - ENVIRONMENTAL DISPARITIES - EXISTS, AND WE NEED TO BE MOVING - THE NEEDLE ON THAT AS WELL. - ...AND BUILD THE ECOSYSTEM THAT - CAN ACTUALLY SUPPORT CHANGE. - >> Reporter: PASTOR IS A - PROFESSOR OF SOCIOLOGY, - AMERICAN STUDIES AND ETHNICITY - AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN - CALIFORNIA'S EQUITY RESEARCH - INSTITUTE.

- HE RECENTLY CO-AUTHORED A REPORT - ADDRESSING "THE CENTRAL - CHALLENGES OF OUR TIME: - A HEATING PLANET, AN UNEQUAL - ECONOMY AND PERSISTENT RACIAL - INJUSTICE." - ONE OF ITS CONCLUSIONS? - >> IF YOU REALLY WANT TO - PROTECT COMMUNITIES AGAINST - ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS? - YES, YOU NEED RULES. - YES, YOU NEED LAWS. - BUT YOU NEED COMMUNITY - ORGANIZING. - >> Reporter: THE REPORT CITES - ARVIN AS A CASE STUDY IN - ORGANIZING. - AFTER THE 2014 GAS INCIDENT, - CITIZENS SOUGHT TO PASS AN - ORDINANCE TO KEEP INDUSTRY - OPERATIONS AT A DISTANCE. - THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMITTEE - FOR A BETTER ARVIN IS ESTELA - ESCOTO. - >> ( translated ): WE BEGAN TO - WORK IN CONCERT WITH OTHER - COMMUNITY GROUPS, GOING TO SEE - OUR REPRESENTATIVES, ASKING THEM - TO PASS AN ORDINANCE. - AND GOING HOUSE-TO-HOUSE, - KNOCKING ON DOORS TO CONVINCE - PEOPLE THAT WE NEEDED AN - ORDINANCE. - AT THE COUNCIL MEETINGS, THEY - MADE FUN OF US, AND SAID WE WERE - NOT GOING TO BE ABLE TO DO - ANYTHING, OR PASS AN ORDINANCE. - >> Reporter: IT TOOK FOUR YEARS,

- WITH COMMUNITY GROUPS WORKING TO - ELECT SOME NEW CITY COUNCIL - MEMBERS, PLUS A 23-YEAR-OLD - MAYOR, BUT THE TOWN FINALLY - PASSED AN ORDINANCE TO KEEP - NEW DRILLING OPERATIONS AT LEAST - 300 FEET FROM HOMES AND SCHOOLS, - BUSINESSES, AND HOSPITALS. - U.C. BERKELEY EPIDEMIOLOGIST - DAVID GONZALEZ BELIEVES IN THE - POWER OF COMMUNITY. - >> MY FAMILY HAS ROOTS IN THE - CHICANO COMMUNITY IN EAST L.A., - SO THAT'S SOMETHING THAT I CARRY - WITH ME IN MY WORK. - THESE COMMUNITIES HAVE - KNOWLEDGE, AND MY GRANDPA DIDN'T - HAVE THE CHANCE TO GO TO - COLLEGE, HE'S ONE OF THE - MOST BRILLIANT MEN I EVER KNEW. - Reporter: BUT HE HAS CONCERNS - ABOUT THE SCOPE OF THE ARVIN - SETBACK. - DOES 300 FEET STRIKE YOU AS - SIGNIFICANT, AS-- OR AS ENOUGH? - >> WRE SEEING THAT OIL AND GAS - DRILLING IS AFFECTING THE HEALTH - OF PEOPLE THAT LIVE WITHIN 3,000 - FEET OF OIL AND GAS WELLS, AND - SOME STUDIES SHOW FURTHER AWAY. - >> Reporter: GONZALEZ AND - COLLEAGUES PUBLISHED A 2020 - STUDY SHOWING "EVIDENCE THAT - EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL - SITES IS ASSOCIATED WITH - INCREASED RISK OF SPONTANEOUS - PRE-TERM BIRTH." - >> AND HAVING A PRE-TERM BIRTH

- INCREASES RISK OF INFANT - MORTALITY AND BEING SICK, AND - CAN HAVE LONG-TERM EFFECTS FOR - THE INFANT'S HEALTH. - AND SO WE WANT TO PREVENT - PRE-TERM BIRTHS. - >> Reporter: GONZALEZ' STUDY - FOLLOWED ON THE HEELS OF A STUDY - TYING PREGNANT WOMEN'S PROXIMITY - TO OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS TO - LOW BIRTH WEIGHTS, AND A NEW ONE - DETAILING "ADVERSE BIRTH - OUTCOMES" FOR CALIFORNIANS - LIVING NEAR FRACKING SITES. - OTHER STUDIES HAVE TIED - PROXIMITY TO SUCH OPERATIONS TO - ASTHMA AND OTHER HEALTH - PROBLEMS. - THE LOS ANGELES REGION IS RIFE - WITH DRILLING, THOUGH YOU CAN'T - ALWAYS TELL FROM ROAD LEVEL. - DRIVERS ON LA CIENEGA BOULEVARD - CAN'T SEE THE ADJACENT INGLEWOOD - OIL FIELD-- THOUGH A DRONE CAN. - IN MORE WELL-OFF AREAS, THE - OPERATIONS ARE DISGUISED AS-- - WELL, IT'S NOT EXACTLY CLEAR - WHAT. - BUT THEY'RE PUMPING OIL HERE, - IN THE CITY'S MID-WILSHIRE - NEIGHBORHOOD, AND HERE, LESS - THAN TWO MILES DOWN THE ROAD. - IN OTHER PARTS OF TOWN, THE LESS - AFFLUENT AREAS, LIKE HERE IN - WILMINGTON IN THE SOUTHEAST, - THE INDUSTRY IS A MORE OBVIOUS - NEIGHBOR, SOMETIMES IMPOSSIBLE - TO MISS. - ACTIVISTS HAVE LONG BEEN

- ORGANIZING AROUND HERE, TOO. - >> FOLKS IN THIS COMMUNITY ARE - EXPOSED TO CHEMICALS LIKE - BENZENE; VOLATILE ORGANIC - COMPOUNDS. - >> Reporter: ASHLEY HERNANDEZ - WAS RAISED IN WILMINGTON. - NOW SHE'S A YOUTH ORGANIZER WITH - THE NON-PROFIT, COMMUNITIES FOR - A BETTER ENVIRONMENT. - >> THAT CREATES A LOT OF ASTHMA, - CAUSING ISSUES. - AND SO IT'S REALLY A HUGE PART - OF THE COMMUNITIES', LIKE, - D.N.A., TO DEAL WITH FOLKS THAT - HAVE RESPIRATORY ISSUES, TO HAVE - CHILDREN THAT HAVE INHALERS. - AND SO IT'S DEFINITELY A PART OF - GROWING UP HERE. - >> Reporter: HERNANDEZ AND - OTHERS LIKE HER MAY EVENTUALLY - GET WHAT THEY DESIRE. - IN SEPTEMBER, COUNTY SUPERVISORS - VOTED TO BAN NEW OIL WELLS, AND - REEVALUATE THE ONES ALREADY - THERE. - AND LAST MONTH, GOVERNOR GAVIN - NEWSOM'S ADMINISTRATION PROPOSED - A 3,200-FOOT BUFFER ZONE BETWEEN - NEW DRILLING AND HOMES, - HOSPITALS AND SCHOOLS. - IN A STATEMENT, THE NONPROFIT - INDUSTRY GROUP WESTERN STATES - PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION, SAID IT - DOESN'T OPPOSE SETBACKS BASED ON - "SCIENCE, DATA AND RIGOROUS - HEALTH ASSESSMENTS." - BUT IT CLAIMED THE STATE'S - APPROACH WOULD "ELIMINATE TAX

- REVENUE AND COMMUNITY BENEFITS, - RAISE COSTS FOR EVERYONE, AND - PUT THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE OUT OF - WORK." - MEANWHILE, IN KERN COUNTY, WHERE - ARVIN IS, MORE NEW DRILLING IS - PLANNED, THOH A JUDGE HAS - HALTED NEW PERMITS, PENDING AN - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. - EPIDEMIOLOGIST DAVID GONZALEZ. - >> THERE'S MORE STUDIES THAT WE - CAN DO AND THAT WE ARE DOING. - I THINK WE HAVE ENOUGH EVIDENCE - TO START MAKING POLICIES TO - PROTECT COMMUNITIES. - >> Reporter: AND MANUEL PASTOR - SAYS THAT WITH ONE SUCCESS TO - THEIR NAME, ORGANIZERS AREN'T - FINISHED FIGHTING TO KEEP THE - INDUSTRY AT BAY. - >> Y KNOW, THE SETBACK - ORDINANCE IN ARVIN IS AN - IMPORTANT FIRST STEP TO - PROTECTING COMMUNITIES, BUT I - THINK IT NEEDS TO BE SEEN IN A - BROADER CONTEXT. - THIS IS A COMMUNITY THAT STOOD - UP TO ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT - INDUSTRIES IN ITS COUNTY. - AND, THE FACT THAT THEY WERE - ABLE TO GET THAT SETBACK - ORDINANCE, IT'S A SMALL THING, - BUT IT'S A BIG THING - SYMBOLICALLY AND POLITICALLY, - BY SAYING WHO GETS A CHANCE TO - DECIDE ABOUT PEOPLE'S HEALTH - VERSUS ECONOMIC GROWTH.

- >> Sreenivasan: BEFORE THE - GREATEST INVENTIONS AND - BREAKTHROUGHS TAKE PLACE, - THERE ARE UNCOUNTED UNSUCCESSFUL - IDEAS. - THOMAS EDISON MADE THOUSANDS OF - ATTEMPTS BEFORE HE INVENTED THE - LIGHT BULB. - BUT, WHAT IF THOSE FIRST - FAILURES HAD STOPPED HIM? - AN EXHIBIT NOW TOURING THE - COUNTRY IS REINFORCING THAT - OLD ADAGE, "IF AT FIRST YOU - DON'T SUCCEED, TRY, TRY AGAIN." - NEWSHOUR WEEKEND SPECIAL - CORRESPONDENT MEGAN THOMPSON - VISITED THE MUSEUM OF FAILURE'S - FIRST STOP IN MINNEAPOLIS. - >> Reporter: WHAT AM I LOOKING - AT? - >> SO, PROBABLY THE MOST, SORT - OF RECOGNIZABLE PART, FEATURE - HERE, IS... - >> Reporter: PSYCHOLOGIST - SAMUEL WEST RECENTLY SHOWED OFF - THIS EXHIBIT HE'S SPENT YEARS - CURATING. - >> A NEW CAR LINE WITH A LOT OF - INNOVATIVE FEATURES. - >> Reporter: A BRIGHTLY-COLORED - COLLECTION FEATURING ALL KINDS - OF COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY - BIG-NAME COMPANIES. - AT FIRST GLANCE, IT MIGHT LOOK - LIKE A CELEBRATION OF CORPORATE - SUCCESS.

- NOT QUITE. - >> IT WAS FORD'S BIGGEST - FAILURE. - EDSEL. - DESIGNED FOR ELEGANCE. - >> IT WAS AVAILABLE IN SO MANY - DIFFERENT PRICE RANGES, PEOPLE - DIDN'T UNDERSTAND, "IS THIS A - LUXURY CAR, OR IS IT A, YOU - KNOW, AFFORDABLE CAR? - WHAT IS IT?" - THIS IS A MASSIVE FAILURE FOR - FORD. - IN TODAY'S VALUE, IT'S IN THE - BILLIONS. - >> Reporter: THIS IS THE MUSEUM - OF FAILURE, A COLLECTION OF MORE - THAN 150 PRODUCTS THAT BOMBED. - BUT, THIS ISN'T ABOUT LAUGHING - AT CORPORATE FLOPS. - >> I WANT PEOPLE TO REALIZE AND - UNDERSTAND, TRULY UNDERSTAND, - THAT IF THEY DON'T TAKE - MEANINGFUL RISKS, THERE WILL BE - NO PROGRESS. - >> Reporter: IT STARTED WHEN - WEST WAS EARNING HIS Ph.D. IN - PSYCHOLOGY, STUDYING CORPORATE - BEHAVIOR. - HE STARTED NOTICING COMPANIES' - RELUCTANCE TO INVEST IN THE KIND - OF EXPERIMENTATION THAT LEADS TO - INNOVATION. - >> YOU EXPLORE NEW METHODS, NEW - PRODUCTS, TECHNOLOGY, ET CETERA. - YOU'RE MORE LIKELY THAN NOT TO - FAIL-- IN FACT, 90% OF THOSE - PROJECTS FAIL. - AND IT BECAME MORE AND MORE - APPARENT THAT THE REAL OBSTACLE - TO INNOVATION IS THAT PEOPLE ARE - AFRAID OF FAILING.

- I WAS THINKING, WHAT CAN I DO TO - COMMUNICATE THAT WE NEED TO - START ACCEPTING FAILURE, RATHER - THAN STIGMATIZING FAILURE? - >> Reporter: WEST STARTED - COLLECTING EXAMPLES OF PRODUCTS - THAT HAD FAILED, AND ENDED UP - OPENING A MUSEUM IN SWEDEN IN - 2017. - THE MUSEUM OF FAILURE IS NOW - ON A TOUR OF THE UNITED STATES, - KICKING OFF JUST OUTSIDE - MINNEAPOLIS. - THE EXHIBIT STARTS WITH FAILURES - IN TRANSPORTATION. - >> WE CALL IT FAILURE IN MOTION. - >> Reporter: BESIDES THE EDSEL, - THERE'S A SWEDISH WARSHIP FROM - 1628 THAT WAS SO UNSTABLE, IT - SANK JUST MINUTES AFTER IT FIRST - SET SAIL. - AND A PLASTIC BICYCLE, DESIGNED - BY VOLVO ENGINEERS, THAT WOBBLED - AND EVEN CRACKED WHEN PEOPLE - RODE IT. - >> YOU'RE IN THE "DIGITAL - DISASTER" AREA. - WE HAVE... - >> Reporter: THE DIGITAL - DISASTERS INCLUDE APPLE'S HOCKEY - PUCK MOUSE THAT WAS HARD TO USE, - AND A VIDEO-CHATTING DEVICE MADE - BY FACEBOOK. - IT WASN'T A HIT. - >> WE HAVE THE GOOGLE GLASS, - 2013. - PUT IT ON. - LOOKING GOOD! - >> Reporter: OKAY, OKAY.

- THIS FEELS A LITTLE AWKWARD, - I'M NOT GOING TO LIE. - >> Reporter: IT SEEMED - REVOLUTIONARY-- A WEARABLE - COMPUTER THAT PROJECTS IMAGES - AND TAKES PICTURES AND VIDEO. - >> THE MAIN REASON IT FAILED WAS - BECAUSE OF PRIVACY ISSUES. - >> Reporter: GLASS USERS COULD - RECORD OTHERS WITHOUT THEM - KNOWING. - >> WE STILL DEAL WITH PRIVACY - ISSUES TODAY. - BUT THEN? - I MEAN, THIS WAS, LIKE, A SHOCK. - GOOGLE IS FANTASTIC AT TESTING - NEW THINGS, AND THEY'RE NOT - AFRAID OF FAILING. - IT'S PRETTY COOL. - >> Reporter: AND WE SEE HOW - SUCCESSFUL THEY ARE. - >> ABSOLUTELY. - >> Reporter: SPEAKING AS A - PSYCHOLOGIST, WHERE DOES THIS - FEAR OF FAILURE COME FROM, - WITHIN US? - >> A LOT OF IT COMES FROM OUR - EARLY EXPERIENCES OF FAILURE. - I MEAN, YOU-- YOU SPILL YOUR - GLASS OF JUICE ON THE BREAKFAST - TABLE, YOU DON'T GET PRAISED - FOR THAT. - THERE'S ALSO THIS FUNDAMENTAL - PART OF FAILURE, WHICH IS THE - SOCIAL SHAME. - THERE'S SOME-- THERE'S SOME - FUNCTIONALITY TO THAT. - WE DON'T WANT A SOCIETY WHERE - EVERYBODY IS FAILING ALL THE - TIME. - THE PROBLEM IS, WHEN IT COMES - TO PROGRESS, WHEN IT COMES TO - LEARNING, INNOVATION, THOSE - RULES DON'T REALLY APPLY.

- >> Reporter: HOW CAN HUMANS - LEARN TO BE LESS AFRAID OF - FAILURE? - >> THE BEST WAY TO OVERCOME IT - IS TO GET USED TO IT. - >> Reporter: FOR WEST, THE - COLLECTION IS ABOUT SENDING A - SERIOUS MESSAGE. - BUT HE ADMITS, SOME OF IT IS - PRETTY FUNNY. - LIKE SOME OF THE FOOD FLOPS. - BOTTLED WATER FOR PETS. - A CURIOUS COLGATE-BRANDED - BEEF LASAGNA FROZEN DINNER. - BABY FOOD MAKER GERBER'S FOOD - FOR ADULTS, MEANT TO BE EATEN - OUT OF THE JAR. - AND, THE FAMOUS ZERO-CALORIE - FAT SUBSTITUTE, OLESTRA. - >> YOU CAN EAT AS MUCH JUNK FOOD - AS YOU WANTED TO WITHOUT GETTING - FAT, RIGHT? - PROBLEM WAS, IT CAUSED DIARRHEA. - >> Reporter: AND THEN, IN THE - CATEGORY OF "WHAT WERE THEY - THINKING?"... - >> THIS IS THE UROCLUB. - >> Reporter: ...THERE'S A - GOLF CLUB THAT DOUBLES AS A-- - WELL, JUST WATCH THE COMMERCIAL. - >> IT LOOKS LIKE AN ORDINARY - GOLF CLUB, BUT CONTAINS A - RESERVOIR BUILT INTO THE GRIP - TO RELIEVE YOURSELF. - THE UROCLUB COMES WITH A TOWEL - AND APPEARS THAT YOU'RE JUST - CHECKING OUT YOUR CLUB. - LEAK-PROOF, EASY TO CLEAN... - >> DOESN'T DRAW ANY ATTENTION TO - YOU, AT ALL. - ISN'T AWKWARD, AT ALL. - >> Reporter: NO! - AND YOU'RE CARRYING THIS AROUND - WITH YOU, THEN, FOR THE REST OF

- THE GAME. - >> YES. - THE COMMERCIALS, AND SORT OF-- - THEY DON'T REALLY SPECIFY WHAT - YOU DO WITH IT LATER. - ( LAUGHS ) - AND SO, IT WAS A SERIOUS PRODUCT - DEVELOPED BY A UROLOGIST WHO - PLAYED GOLF. - AND THEN IT BECAME, SORT OF, - SOLD MORE AS A GAG GIFT. - >> Reporter: THE EXHIBIT ENDS - WITH A WALL WHERE PEOPLE CAN - CONFESS TO THEIR OWN FAILURES. - 11-YEAR-OLD ZACHARY THAO WROTE - "MY GRADES," BECAUSE HE JUST GOT - AN "F" IN ART CLASS. - >> I GOT THE LOWEST GRADE OF MY - WHOLE ENTIRE, EVERYTHING. - >> Reporter: AND DID YOU LEARN - FROM THAT? - >> YEAH. - PROBABLY JUST TO TURN IN - ASSIGNMENTS MORE FASTER AND MORE - QUICKER. - >> Reporter: HIS TWIN BROTHER - LOGAN COULDN'T THINK OF - ANYTHING, BUT SAYS HE - APPRECIATES FAILURE, - NONETHELESS. - >> WELL, I THINK FAILURE IS GOOD - BECAUSE THEN YOU CAN ALWAYS WORK - ON THAT AND IMPROVE IT. - >> Reporter: AND THAT, SAYS - CREATOR SAMUEL WEST, IS THE - WHOLE POINT. - >> WHEN INDIVIDUALS COME HERE - AND THEY SEE THESE BRANDS FAIL, - THEY FEEL LIBERATED. - LIKE, IF THEY-- IF THE BIG BS - CAN FAIL, SO CAN I. - AND I THINK-- I LOVE THAT. - >> Sreenivasan: FINALLY TONIGHT, - THERE WERE SCENES OF PANIC AT

- ATLANTA'S HARTSFIELD-JACKSON - AIRPORT THIS AFTERNOON, AFTER - WHAT AIRPORT OFFICIALS ARE - CALLING AN ACCIDENTAL DISCHARGE - OF A GUN. - SOME PASSENGERS IN THE TERMINAL - BELIEVED THERE WAS AN ACTIVE - SHOOTER AND FLED, EVEN OUT ONTO - THE TARMAC. - AIRPORT OFFICIALS SAID THAT - THE INCIDENT HAPPENED AROUND - 1:30 P.M. AT A SECURITY - SCREENING AREA, AND THAT - "THERE IS NOT AN ACTIVE SHOOTER - AT THE AIRPORT." - THAT'S ALL FOR THIS EDITION OF - PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND. - FOR THE LATEST NEWS UPDATES, - VISIT www.pbs.org/newshour. - I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. - THANKS FOR WATCHING. - STAY HEALTHY, AND HAVE A - GOOD NIGHT. - Captioning sponsored by WNET - Captioned by - Media Access Group at WGBH - access.wgbh.org - >> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE - POSSIBLE BY: - SUE AND EDGAR WACHENHEIM III. - BERNARD AND DENISE SCHWARTZ. - THE CHERYL AND PHILIP MILSTEIN - FAMILY. - THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUND. - THE ESTATE OF WORTHINGTON - MAYO-SMITH. - LEONARD AND NORMA KLORFINE. - THE ROSALIND P. WALTER

- FOUNDATION. - KOO AND PATRICIA YUEN, - COMMITTED TO BRIDGING CULTURAL - DIFFERENCES IN OUR COMMUNITIES. - BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG. - WE TRY TO LIVE IN THE MOMENT, - TO NOT MISS WHAT'S RIGHT IN - FRONT OF US. - AT MUTUAL OF AMERICA, WE - BELIEVE TAKING CARE OF TOMORROW - CAN HELP YOU MAKE THE MOST OF - TODAY. - MUTUAL OF AMERICA FINANCIAL - GROUP, RETIREMENT SERVICES AND - INVESTMENTS. - ADDITIONAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN - PROVIDED BY: - CONSUMER CELLULAR. - AND BY: - AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR - PUBLIC BROADCASTING, A - PRIVATE CORPORATION FUNDED BY - THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. - AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO - YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS - LIKE YOU. - THANK YOU. - YOU'RE WATCHING PBS. - ♪♪ - [ Holiday music plays ]

- -Welcome to a very special - holiday episode - of "America's Test Kitchen." - -[ Laughs ] - -The whole cast - is home for the holidays, - and they're sharing their - secrets to hiday planning. - -I have a list, - and people make fun of me. - -I have, hour by hour... - -I know I do. - -...what goes in - and out of the oven. - -Never tell people the menu. - -[ Laughs ] - -You can rename any dish. - So, if you burn something, - just call it Cajun turkey. - -They're sharing - their holiday memories. - -Oh, am I going to share this? - -What have I really screwed up? - The list is too long. - -The most memorable for me was - when I was allowed - to make the turkey. - -I actually once had the turkey - on the grill catch on fire. - -And they're sharing - their all-time favorite - holiday recipes. - -I like to call this - "My First Tenderloin." - That's how easy this recipe is. - -I usually get a good reaction - from the porchetta recipe. - -The millionaire's shortbread