PBS NewsHour; December 31, 2021, 3:00pm-4:00pm PST

- Captioning sponsored by - NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC - >> Nawaz: GOOD EVENING. - I'M AMNA NAWAZ. - JUDY WOODRUFF IS AWAY. - ON THE NEWSHOUR TONIGHT: - COVID SURGE. - NEW CASES SOAR, BREAKING - PANDEMIC RECORDS ACROSS THE - U.S., AS COUNTRIES AROUND THE - GLOBE CELEBRATE NEW YEAR'S EVE. - THEN, COLORADO'S WILDFIRES. - FUELED BY HURRICANE-FORCE WINDS, - THE BLAZE LEAVES THOUSANDS - HOMELESS, AND COULD BE THE - MOST DESTRUCTIVE IN THE STATE'S - HISTORY. - ALSO, LEGENDARY ACTRESS AND - BELOVED COMEDIAN BETTY WHITE - HAS DIED, JUST WEEKS SHY OF HER - 100th BIRTHDAY. - AND, IT'S FRIDAY. - DAVID BROOKS AND JONATHAN - CAPEHART REFLECT ON THE YEAR IN - POLITICS, AND DEMOCRACY IN - AMERICA. - ALL THAT AND MORE, ON TONIGHT'S - PBS NEWSHOUR. - >> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS - NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY:

- ♪ ♪ ♪ - MOVING OUR ECONOMY FOR 160 - YEARS. - BNSF, THE ENGINE THAT CONNECTS - US. - >> FIDELITY WEALTH MANAGEMENT. - >> JOHNSON & JOHNSON. - >> FINANCIAL SERVICES FIRM - RAYMOND JAMES. - >> THE JOHN S. AND JAMES L. - KNIGHT FOUNDATION. - FOSTERING INFORMED AND ENGAGED - COMMUNITIES. - MORE AT KF.org. - >> AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT - OF THESE INSTITUTIONS:

- AND FRIENDS OF THE NEWSHOUR. - >> THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE - POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR - PUBLIC BROADCASTING. - D BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS - STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. - THANK YOU. - >> Nawaz: WELL, THE U.S. HAS SET - A NEW DAILY RECORD FOR COVID - CASES, TOPPING 580,000 NEW CASES - YESTERDAY, AND SHATTERING - WEDNESDAY'S TOTAL OF 488,000. - FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE - PANDEMIC, AMERICA RECORDED - MORE THAN TWO MILLION CASES - WITHIN JUST ONE WEEK. - THE NATION IS NOW AVERAGING MORE - THAN 300,000 NEW CASES A DAY. - ALL OF THIS COMES AS NEW DATA - SUGGESTS THOSE HIGHLY-SOUGHT- - AFTER RAPID ANTIGEN TESTS MAY - NOT BE AS EFFECTIVE AS HOPED IN - DETECTING THE OMICRON VARIANT. - DR. KIRSTEN BIBBINS-DOMINGO IS

- A PHYSICIAN AND EPIDEMIOLOGIST - AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, - SAN FRANCISCO. - SHE JOINS ME NOW. - DR. BIBBINS-DOMINGO, WELCOME - BACK TO THE "NewsHour". - THANKS FOR MAKING THE TIME. - I WANT TO GET TO WHAT IS AT THE - TOP OF EVERYONE'S MINDS. - THEY WANT TO KNOW WHAT TO MAKE - OF THEM ESPECIALLY OF NEW YEAR'S - EVE GATHERINGS. - WHAT WOULD YOU SAY TO THAT? - >> WE ARE HEADING INTO A REALY - CHALLENGING JANUARY, AND THIS IS - JUST THE BEGINNING OF THE RISE - IN CASES THE GOOD NEWS IS IF WE - LOOK AT HOW OTHER COUNTRIES HAVE - DEALT WITH AN OMICRON SURGE, IT - LOOKS LIKE IT LASTS FOUR TO SIX - WEEKS. - BUT HOW HIGH THIS CREST RISES, - HOW BROAD THE WAVE IS AND HOW - MUCH DAMAGE LASTS IN THE NEXT - FEW MONTHS IS ENTIRELY IN OUR - HANDS AND MEANS WE HAVE TO MAKE - GOOD CHOICES STARTING STUDENT. - >> Reporter: WHAT DOES THAT - MEAN FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE - VACCINATED WHO HAVE A TEST IN - HAND, HOUR THAT DETERMINE HOW

- PEOPLE GO AHEAD WITH CELEBRATION - TONIGHT? - >> I THINK EVEN VACCINATED AND - BOASTED, I WOULD BE AVOIDING - CROWDS TONIGHT. - IF YOU LOOK AT THE POSITIVITY - RATES IN OUR MAJOR CITIES, IF - YOU LOOK AT THE POSITIVITY RATES - IN ALL OUR STATES, THEY'RE - REALLY HIGH RIGHT NOW AND IT - SUGGESTS THAT ONE IN TWENTY, ONE - IN TEN, ONE IN FOUR PEOPLE IN A - LARGE CROWD IS GOING TO BE - INFECTED AND WITH BREAKTHROUGH - CASES HAPPENING, IT'S SOMETHING - I WOULD AVOID. - THE OTHER THING I WOULD SAY, IF - YOU'RE VACCINATED AND BOOSTED - AND ARE SPENDING TIME MOSTLY - WITH VACCINATED, BOOSTED PEOPLE, - THAT'S THE BEST, IS THE MASK, - AND HIGH-QUALITY MASKS, THE - 9-95, THE KN95s WILL BE THE - FIRST, SOMETHING WE HAVEN'T - EMPHASIZED AS MUCH AS WE SHOULD. - HAVING SOMETHING ON TIGHTER - FITTING SURGICAL MASK, PLUS A - CLOTH MASK OVER TOP CAN OFFER AN - ADDITIONAL LAYER OF PROTECTION. - BUT IF YOU CAN AT ALL ALTER YOUR - PLANS TO BE WITH A SMALLER CROWD - MOSTLY VACCINATED AND BOOSTED,

- THAT'S THE BEST. - >> Reporter: SO MASKING IS KEY - AND ALSO TESTING. - NEW INFORMATION THIS WEEK FROM - THE F.D.A. SAYS EARLY SEAT - SUGGESTS THE AT-HOME TESTS SO - MANY PEOPLE ARE CLAMORING FOR DO - DETECT THE OMICRON VARIANT BUT - MAY HAVE REDUCED SENSITIVITY. - DOCTOR, DO THEY WORK OR NOT? - >> RIGHT. - I THINK THE KEY HERE IS THAT WE - NEED TO SEE DATA WHENEVER THERE - IS A NEW VARIANT AND, LUCKILY, - THE F.D.A. AND THE N.I.H. ARE - GIVING US -- DOING THE STUDIES - TO HELP US UNDERSTANDS THESE - TESTS. - MY UNDERSTANDING OF THE DATA - THAT WE HAVE RIGHT NOW IS THAT, - IN FACT, THIS TEST DOES WORK, - AND IT IS A USEFUL TOOL. - IT DETECTS THE OMICRON VARIANT. - THE VARIANT IS ALTERED IN A WAY - THAT THE TEST STILL REALLY HAS - CONFINED THAT VIRUS. - WHAT IT CAN'T DO IS TELL YOU - WITH 100% CERTAINTY THAT, WHEN - YOU GET A NEGATIVE TEST, YOU'RE

- NOT ACTUALLY INFECTIOUS. - SO THE WAY I THINK ABOUT IT IS - THAT, IF YOU HAVE A POSITIVE - TEST, IF YOU SEE THAT LINE COME - UP POSITIVE, EVEN IF IT'S A - FAINT LINE, YOU HAVE COVID, YOU - SHOULD ACT LIKE YOU HAVE COVID, - YOU SHOULD NOT SECOND GUESS THIS - TEST. - IF YOU DON'T HAVE THAT POSITIVE - LINE, IT MIGHT MEAN THAT YOU'RE - NEGATIVE, BUT IT MIGHT MEAN THIS - TEST IS NOT AS GOOD AS BEING - WITH HIGH CERTAINTY THAT YOU ARE - NEGATIVE FOR COVID, AND THAT'S - WHERE WE HAVE TO -- THAT'S WHERE - WE HAVE TO BE A LITTLE MORE - CAUTIOUS. - BUT WHAT I WORRY ABOUT IS THAT - THE MESSAGE SHOULD NOT BE THESE - TESTS ARE NOT USEFUL. - THEY'RE ABSOLUTELY USEFUL IF - PEOPLE ACT ON A POSITIVE TEST - AND AVOID CONTACT WITH OTHERS. - >> Reporter: IN THE MINUTE WE - HAVE LEFT, I THINK IT'S FAIR TO - SAY A LOT OF US THOUGHT THIS - YEAR WOULD BE THE YEAR WE PUT - THE PANDEMIC BEHIND , AND IT - WAS NOT. - SO HOW WILL OR SHOULD OUR - APPROACH TO COVID CHANGE AS WE - GO INTO YET ANOTHER PANDEMIC - YEAR? - >> RIGHT.

- WE ARE GOING TO BE LIVING WITH - THIS VIRUS, BUT I THINK LIVING - WITH THIS VIRUS MEANS NEITHER - SHUTTING DOWN AND BEING ANXIOUS - AND FEARFUL ALL THE TIME, NOR - THROWING CAUTION TO THE WIND AND - JUST ACTING AS IF NOTHING - MATTERS. - I THINK THE PANDEMIC HAS TAUGHT - US THAT OUR OWN ACTIONS MATTER, - WE HAVE TO ASSESS OUR OWN RISK, - BUT OUR OWN ACTIONS ALSO MATTER - FOR OTHERS, AND WE HAVE TO BOTH - INDIVIDUALLY AND COLLECTIVELY - MAKE DECISIONS THAT ARE GOING TO - KEEP OURSELVES AND THOSE AROUND - US HEALTHY. - WE NEED TO -- THESE ARE GOING TO - EVOLVE OVER TIME, AND I THINK - WHAT THE PANDEMIC IS TEACHING US - IS WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO - UNDERSTAND THOSE LESSONS THAT - WERE TRUE AT THE START OF THE - PANDEMIC EVEN MORE TRUE NOW BUT - DOUBLING DOWN ON UNDERSTANDING - HOW TO KEEP OURSELVES AND OTHERS - SAFE AS WE LEARN TO LIVE SIDE BY - SIDE WITH THIS VIRUS. - >> Reporter: HERE'S HOPING - EVERYONE'S DOING WHAT THEY CAN - TO KEEP THEMSELVES AND EVERYONE - AROUND THEM SAFE. - DR. KIRSTEN BIBBINS-DOMINGO FROM - THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SAN FRANCISCO, THANK YOU SO MUCH

- FOR BEING WITH US AND HAPPY NEW - YEAR TO YOU. - >> THANKS, HAPPY NEW YEAR. - >> Nawaz: IN THE DAY'S OTHER - NEWS, THE WORLD IS ONCE AGAIN - RINGING IN THE NEW YEAR UNDER - THE CLOUD OF THE PANDEMIC. - SOME CELEBRATIONS WERE - SCALED BACK, WHILE OTHERS - WERE UNDETERRED. - IN NORTH KOREA, THOUSANDS - WATCHED FIREWORKS ALONG THE - RIVER IN PYONGYANG. - LONDON'S BIG BEN WAS SET TO - CHIME AT MIDNIGHT, FOR THE - FIRST TIME AFTER THREE YEARS - OF RENOVATIONS. - AND IN AUSTRALIA, FIREWORKS LIT - UP THE SKY OVER SYDNEY, IN SPITE - OF THE COUNTRY RECORDING ITS - HIGHEST DAILY CASE NUMBERS. - >> WE'VE NEVER, EVER BEEN HERE - BEFORE, WE'VE NEVER DONE IT, AND - WE JUST THOUGHT WE WOULD TAKE - THE RISK AND JUST SEE HOW IT IS. - WE'VE GOT MASKS, WE'RE TRIPLE- - VAXXED, AND WE'RE JUST GOING TO - WING IT. - >> Nawaz: BACK IN THE U.S., NEW - YORK CITY PREPARED TO HOLD ITS - CELEBRATIONS IN TIMES SQUARE, - BUT ONLY 15,000 REVELERS WILL BE

- ALLOWED TO WATCH THE BALL DROP. - THEY MUST ALSO SHOW PROOF OF - VACCINATION. - MORE THAN 500 HOMES IN COLORADO - HAVE LIKELY BEEN DESTROYED, - AFTER WILDFIRES BLAZED THROUGH - BOULDER COUNTY. - THE FLAMES FIRST IGNITED - YESTERDAY OUTSIDE DENVER, AND - HAVE SINCE FORCED TENS OF - THOUSANDS OF RESIDENTS TO - EVACUATE. - SO FAR, NO ONE HAS DIED, BUT AT - LEAST SEVEN PEOPLE WERE INJURED. - THE GOVERNOR DECLARED A STATE OF - EMERGENCY. - WE WILL HAVE MORE ON THIS AFTER - THE NEWS SUMMARY. - IN A SEPARATE DEVELOPMENT, THE - COLORADO GOVERNOR HAS ALSO - SHORTENED A TRUCK DRIVER'S - PRISON SENTENCE FOR CAUSING - A DEADLY HIGHWAY PILEUP, AFTER - HIS ORIGINAL 110-YEAR SENTENCE - DREW PUBLIC OUTRAGE. - ROGEL AGUILERA-MEDEROS WILL NOW - SERVE TEN YEARS IN PRISON. - THE GOVERNOR CALLED THE - 2019 CRASH A "TRAGIC BUT - UNINTENTIONAL ACT." - THE WORLD FOOD PROGRAM HAS - SUSPENDED ITS OPERATIONS ACROSS - SUDAN'S NORTH DARFUR PROVINCE, - FOLLOWING ATTACKS ON ALL THREE - OF ITS WAREHOUSES IN THE AREA. - HUNDREDS OF ARMED LOOTERS STOLE

- MORE THAN 5,000 METRIC TONS OF - FOOD THERE THIS WEEK. - THE HALT IN AID WILL IMPACT - AROUND TWO MILLION PEOPLE IN - NEED OF FOOD. - FORMER SOUTH KOREAN PRESIDENT - PARK GEUN-HYE WAS RELEASED FROM - PRISON TODAY AFTER BEING - PARDONED BY HER SUCCESSOR. - THE FORMER PRESIDENT HAD SERVED - NEARLY FIVE YEARS OF HER 20-YEAR - PRISON SENTENCE FOR BRIBERY AND - OTHER CRIMES. - SHE'D BEEN HOSPITALIZED DUE TO - HEALTH PROBLEMS FOR THE LAST - MONTH. - THE CURRENT PRESIDENT SAID - PARK'S PARDON IS MEANT TO - PROMOTE NATIONAL UNITY. - THE NUMBER OF JOURNALISTS - KILLED ON THE JOB THIS PAST YEAR - WAS ONE OF THE LOWEST DEATH - TOLLS IN 30 YEARS. - THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF - JOURNALISTS SAID 45 REPORTERS - AND MEDIA WORKERS DIED WHILE - WORKING IN 2021. - THAT IS DOWN FROM 65 DEATHS THE - PREVIOUS YEAR. - 33 MEMBERS OF THE MEDIA WERE - MURDERED IN TARGETED ATTACKS - THIS YEAR. - THE MOST DANGEROUS COUNTRY FOR - JOURNALISTS WAS AFGHANISTAN. - ON WALL STREET, STOCKS EDGED - LOWER ON THIS FINAL TRADING DAY - OF THE YEAR. - THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE - LOST 60 POINTS TO CLOSE AT

- 36,338. - THE NASDAQ FELL 96 POINTS, AND - THE S&P 500 SLIPPED 12. - AND, TWO PASSINGS TO NOTE - TONIGHT. - LEGENDARY ACTRESS AND BELOVED - COMEDIAN BETTY WHITE DIED - OVERNIGHT AT HER HOME IN - LOS ANGELES, JUST WEEKS SHY OF - HER 100th BIRTHDAY. - WHITE'S TRAILBLAZING CAREER - IN TELEVISION SPANNED MORE THAN - 60 YEARS. - SHE WAS BEST KNOWN FOR HER ROLES - ON THE HIT SITCOMS "THE GOLDEN - GIRLS" AND "THE MARY TYLER MOORE - SHOW." - WE'LL LOOK BACK ON HER CAREER - LATER IN THE PROGRAM. - AND, BOSTON CELTS HALL OF - FAMER SAM JONES DIED LAST NIGHT - IN FLORIDA. - KNOWN FOR HIS SHARP SHOOTING, - JONES WON TEN N.B.A. TITLES - DURING HIS 12-YEAR BASKETBALL - CAREER. - HE WAS ALSO A MEMBER OF THE - N.B.A.'S FIRST STARTING LINEUP - TO INCLUDE FIVE BLACK PLAYERS. - SAM JONES WAS 88 YEARS OLD. - STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR: - DAVID BROOKS AND JONATHAN - CAPEHART LOOK BACK AT 2021. - HOW MOZART IS HELPING AN ITALIAN - WINEMAKER'S HARVEST.

- AND, RECALLING SOME OF THIS - YEAR'S MOST ICONIC IMAGES. - AND MUCH MORE. - >> Nawaz: AS WE REPORTED, - TENS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE IN - COLORADO WERE FORCED TO EVACUATE - QUICKLY YESTERDAY. - WIND-FUELED FIRES SWEPT THROUGH - SUBURBAN NEIGHBORHOODS OUTSIDE - OF DENVER, CAUSING SIGNIFICANT - PROPERTY DAMAGE. - AS STEPHANIE SY REPORTS, - RESIDENTS THERE REMAIN ON EDGE, - AS SOME AREAS ARE STILL TOO - DANGEROUS TO ACCESS. - >> Sy: WHOLE NEIGHBORHOODS IN - BOULDER COUNTY, COLORADO THIS - MORNING ARE IN SMOLDERING RUIN. - THE WINDS EVENTUALLY DIED DOWN - OVERNIGHT, AND TODAY, SNOW IS - PROVIDING SOME RELIEF. - BUT, DANGERS REMAIN. - >> I KNOW RESIDENTS WANT TO GET - BACK TO THEIR HOMES AS SOON AS

- POSSIBLE TO ASSESS DAMAGE. - IN MANY OF THOSE NEIGHBORHOODS - THAT ARE CURRENTLY BLOCKED OFF, - IT'S STILL TOO DANGEROUS TO - RETU. - WE SAW STILL-ACTIVE FIRE IN - MANY PLACES THIS MORNING, AND - WE SAW DOWNED POWER LINES. - WE SAW A LOT OF RISK THAT WE'RE - STILL TRYING TO MITIGATE. - >> Sy: THE FAST-MOVING - GRASS FIS, ACCELERATED BY - HURRICANE-FORCE WINDS-- GUSTING - UP TO 105 MILES PER HOUR-- - DESTROYED HUNDREDS OF HOMES. - A DRY WINTER ALSO HELPED FUEL - THE MARSHALL FIRE. - AT LEAST ONE FIRST RESPONDER AND - SEVERAL OTHERS ARE INJURED. - BUT, IT COULD HAVE BEEN MUCH - WORSE, SAID COLORADO GOVERNOR - JARED POLIS. - >> SO FAR, IT LOOKS LIKE THE - TWO MAJOR HOSPITALS IN THEREAS - WERE SPARED. - LOOKS LIKE SCHOOLS WERE SPARED. - AND WE MIGHT HAVE OUR VERY OWN - NEW YEAR'S MIRACLE ON OUR HANDS - IF IT HOLDS UP THAT THERE WAS NO - LOSS OF LIFE. - >> Sy: POLIS DECLARED A STATE OF - EMERGENCY YESTERDAY, AND SAID - PRESIDENT BIDEN HAS APPROVED AN

- EXPEDITED DISASTER DECLARATION. - THE TOWNS OF LOUISVILLE AND - SUPERIOR APPEAR TO HAVE SUFFERED - THE MOST. - LOCATED ABOUT 20 MILES NORTHWEST - OF DENVER, SOME 34,000 RESIDENTS - THERE WERE ORDERED TO EVACUATE - AHEAD OF THE FIRES. - ONE OF THEM WAS BRENT PARRISH. - HE RETURNED TO LOUISVILLE THIS - MORNING TO FIND HIS HOME STILL - STANDING. - >> WE WERE COMPLETELY - OVERWHELMED WITH RELIEF, YOU - KNOW, WITH THE-- THE FACT THAT - WE HAVE A PLACE THAT WE DON'T - HAVE TO REBUILD. - AND THEN, JUST REALLY SAD FOR - THE NEIGHBORHOOD, BECAUSE, - I MEAN, YEAH, IT'S DEVASTATING. - >> Sy: HE SAYS HE'S FIGURING OUT - NEXT STEPS. - >> MY BIGGEST CONCERN RIGHT NOW - IS-- IS MY KIDS, AND THEIR - SAFETY, AND, YOU KNOW, WHETHER - IT'S REALLY SAFE TO BE HERE OR - NOT, WHETHER THERE'S SMOKE - DAMAGE THAT THEY'RE INHALING AND - WHETHER THERE'S CHEMICALS THAT - THEY'RE INHALING FROM A FIRE. - WHEN-- WHEN THE WATER IS GOING - TO BE SAFE TO DRINK. - I HAVEN'T EVEN LOOKED AT OUR

- FRIDGE, BUT I'M SURE ALL OUR - FOOD IS BAD, SO WE'VE GOT TO - FIND SOME FOOD. - ( SCREAMS ) - >> Sy: A WIDELY-SHARED VIDEO - INSIDE CHUCK E. CHEESE SHOWED - HOW QUICKLY THE FIRE SPREAD IN - SUPERIOR ON THURSDAY, - PARENTS WRANGLED THEIR KIDS AND - DASHED FOR THE EXITS, PANIC - RISING. - THE WINDS WERE SO STRONG, THEY - HAD TO FORCE OPEN THE DOORS. - FIRE INVESTIGATORS ARE FOCUSED - ON DOWNEPOWER LINES NEAR THE - FIRE'S START, AS THEY TRY TO - UNCOVER THE ORIGINS OF THE - BLAZE, NOW CONSIDERED THE MOST - DESTRUCTIVE IN COLORADO'S - HISTORY. - FROM ABOVE, THE EXTENT OF - THE DAMAGE IS CLEAR-- - SO MANY FAMILIES WILL HAVE TO - REBUILD IN THE NEW YEAR WHAT WAS - LOST IN THE OLD. - FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, I'M - STEPHANIE SY. - >> Nawaz: SINCE THE TALIBAN - REGAINED CONTROL OF AFGHANISTAN

- IN AUGUST, THE U.S. HAS - EVACUATED MORE THAN 75,000 - AFGHANS THROUGH OPERATION ALLIES - WELCOME. - ROUGHLY 23,000 EVACUEES REMAIN - ON SIX MILITARY BASES ACROSS - THE COUNTRY, BUT MORE THAN - 50,000 HAVE ALREADY BEEN PLACED - IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES. - AFTER A TUMULTUOUS JOURNEY, - THESE REFUGEES ARE NOW TASKED - WITH STARTING OVER, AND - REBUILDING THE LIVES IN A - NEW COUNTRY. - EARLIER THIS WEEK, I SPOKE TO - KRISH O'MARA VIGNARAJAH, WHO - LEADS REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT - EFFORTS WITH THE LUTHERAN - IMMIGRATION REFUGESERVICES. - KRISH, WELCOME TO THE NEWSHO, - AND THANK YOU FOR MAKING THE - TIME. - WE SHOULD POINT OUT TO - EVERYO WATCHING-- ANYONE - WHO ARRIVES HERE HAS ALREADY - BEEN VETTED, BEFORE THEY COME TO - THE UNITED STATES. - THEY'RE HOUSED ON THESE U.S. - MILITARY BASES ACROSS THE - COUNTRY, AND THEN YOUR - ORGANIZATION STEPS IN. - SO, JUST TELL ME A LITTLE BIT - ABOUT THE ROLE THAT YOUR GROUP - PLAYS, AND WHAT YOU DO WHEN YOU - FIRST COME INTO CONTACT WITH - THESE ARRIVING AFGHANS. - >> SURE. - SO, L.I.R.S. IS ONE OF THE NINE - RESELEMENT AGENCIES THAT WORK - WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT.

- WE ARE THERE FROM BEGINNING TO - END, MEANING, WE PICK THESE - INDIVIDUALS UP FROM THE AIRPORT. - WE FIND THEM AFFORDABLE HOUSING - THAT THEY MOVE INTO. - WITH THE HELP OF VOLUNTEERS, - WE WILL ACTUALLY EVEN FURNISH - THAT HOUSING WITH SOMEODEST - FURNITURE, STOCK THE - REFRIGERATOR WITH CULTURALLY - FAMILIAR FOODS. - WE'LL HE ENROLL THEIR KIDS - IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS, TRY TO - CONNECT THEM TO MMUNITY-BASED - RESOURCES. - BASICALLY, BE THERE DURING THOSE - FIRST FEW DAYS TO MEET THEIR - BASIC NECESSITIES, BUT IN - THE IMMEDIATE TERM, IT'S ALSO - MAKING SURE THAT WE CAN FIND - THEM A JOB. - SO MANY OF THEM COME EAGER TO - START CONTRIBUTING, SO WTRY TO - HELP WITH A RANGE OF SERVICES. - >> Nawaz: KRISH, HOW BIG OF AN - OPERATION IS THIS? - IN TERMS OF PEOPLE AND - RESOURCES. - WE'RE TALKING ABOUT TENS OF - THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE WHO JUST - LEFT UNDER EMERGENCY EVACUATION - AND ARE ARRIVING HERE WITH - BASICALLY NOTHING BUT THE - CLOTHES ON THEIR BACK. - >> IT'S A TRULY HISTORIC EFFORT. - I THINK THAT THE LAST TIME WE - SAW THIS SCALE OF AN OPERATION - WAS WHEN WE RESETTLED 130,000 - VIETNAMESE IN ABOUT THE SPAN OF - A YEAR. - HERE, WE HAVE ABOUT 70,000

- RELEASED FROM MILITARY BASES AND - COMING INTO COMMUNITIES ACROSS - THE COUNTRY. - I THINK WHAT CONTRIBUTES TO - THE HISTORIC PART OF THIS EFFORT - IS THAT THE RESETTLEMENT - INFRASTRUCTURE IS COMING OFF OF - FOUR YEARS WHERE IT WAS - DECITED-- WE HAD MORE THAN - 100 OFFICES ACROSS THE NETWORK - THAT WERE CLOSED. - SHUTTERED. - AND SO, WE ARE REBUILDING AT A - TIME WHEN TENS OF THOUSANDS ARE - COMING AND NEED OUR HELP, AND SO - CASE MANAGERS ARE SERVING THE - NUMBER THAT THEY WOULD HAVE - SERVED IN A YEAR, IN A WEEK. - >> Nawaz: SO KRISH, EVERYONE SAW - THOSE HAUNTING IMAGES DURING THE - EVACUATION, RIGHT? - PEOPLE HANDING BABIES OVER THE - AIRPORT WALL, PEOPLE CLINGING TO - PLANE THEY TOOK OFF. - TELL US A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT - THE OPLE WHO DID MAKE IT? - >> YEAH, SO, THANKFULLY, THE - MILITARY OPERATION EVACUATED - BOTH A NUMBER OF FAMILIES AS - WELL AS QUITE A NUMBER OF - UNACCOMPANIED CHILDREN. - SO, THESE ARE FAMILIES WHO - SERVED ALONGSIDE THE MILITARY. - THEY WORKED AT THE U.S. EMBASSY. - THEY MAY HAVE SERVED AT A

- DEVELOPMENT N.G.O. IN - AFGHANISTAN. - IN TERMS OF THE CHILDREN, WE'RE - TALKING ABOUT 1,200 CHILDREN WHO - CAME. - THE VAST MAJORITY DO HAVE A - PARENT OR GUARDIAN HERE IN THE - U.S. WHO WILL SERVE AS A - SPONSOR. - BUT THERE ARE A COUPLE HUNDRED - CHILDREN WHO ARE STILL IN OUR - CARE AND CUSTODY. - AND SO, THEY WILL FACE THE - LEGAL LIMBO, BECAUSE THEY ARE - NOT COMING IN AS UNACCOMPANIED - REFUGEE MINORS. - SO THEY HAVE TO GO INTO THE - ASYLUM PROGRAM. - THE COMPLEXITY HERE IS THAT THEY - HAVE EXPERIENCED MORE TRAUMA - THAN I'VE EVER SEEN WITH - UNACCOMPANIED CHILDREN. - THE TRAUMA OF LEAVING - AFGHANISTAN. - THE TRAUMA OF WHAT WAS A - TREACHEROUS AND UNCERTAIN - JOURNEY. - AND THEN, THE TRAUMA OF NOT - KNOWING WHETHER THEY WILL - ACTUALLY GET LEGAL RELIEF. - AND SO, THAT INSTABILITY, IT - JUST MAKES THEIR HEALING PROCESS - DELAYED. - >> Nawaz: YOU KNOW, LIKE ANY - NEWLY-ARRIVING POPULATION, - THERE'S ALWAYS SOME ELEMENT HERE - IN AMERICA THAT GREETS THEM WITH - HOSTILITY. - THAT'S SORT OF THE HISTORY OF - THIS COUNTRY. - AND THIS GROUP IS NO EXCEPTION. - WE'VE SEEN A NUMBER OF PEOPLE ON - THE FAR RIGHT TALKING ABOUT - TERRORISM, AND SAYING AMERICA IS - "FULL." - THERE'S NO ROOM FOR REFUGEES.

- HOW WORRIED ARE YOU ABOUT - THREATS TO THESE AFGHAN - FAMILIES? - >> THE TRUTH IS, THEY ARE - FLEEING TERRORISM. - THEY ARE FLEEING RISKS AND - THREATS THAT WERE DIRECTLY MADE - TO THEM AND THEIR FAMILIES. - AND SO, WE ARE STILL SEEING - PEOPLE WHO ARE FEAR-MONGERING, - BUT BY AND LARGE, WE HAVE SEEN - SO MANY-- POLITICAL LEADERS, - EVEN, WHO SAID "WE WANT TO HELP. - WE WANT TO HELP. - THIS IS WHO WE ARE AS A NATION." - IT'S NOT JUST THE RIGHT THING TO - DO, BUT OF COURSE, THE SMART - THING TO DO. - SO MANY EMPLOYERS WHO ARE SAYING - NOW IS THE TIME TO WELCOME THESE - AFGHANS, BECAUSE WE ARE - DESPERATELY IN NEED OF THE - TALENT THAT THEY REPRESENT. - >> Nawaz: SO, SECRETARY OF STATE - ANTONY BLINKEN RECENTLY VISITED - ONE OF YOUR FACILITIES HERE IN - VIRGINIA. - HE IS AMONG THOSE WHO SAID THAT - THE U.S. WILL CONTINUE TO HAVE A - COMMITMENT TO AFGHANS WHO WERE - LEFT BEHIND. - WENOW THOUSANDS WHO WORKED - WITH THE U.S. THROUGHOUT THAT - EFFORT, OVER 20 YEARS. - WHAT DO YOU THINK THAT THE U.S. - OWES TO THOSE AFGHANS? - >> WE KNOW THAT CONSERVATIVELY - THERE ARE AT LEAST 200,000, MORE - LIKELY A QUARTER OF A MILLION

- WHO ARE STILL IN HARM'S WAY. - WHAT WE HAVE STRESSED TO - SECRETARY BLINKEN, AND THE REST - OF THE GOVERNMENT IS, THAT - THOUGH OUR MILITARY PRESENCE HAS - ENDED, OUR MISSION HAS NOT. - AND WE'VE GOT TO MAKE SURE THAT - WHETHER IT IS PROTECTINGHOSE - AT-RISK AFGHANS, PROTECTING - WOMEN AND GIRLS-- WE'RE TRYING - TO MAKSURE THAT WE CONTINUE TO - HAVE A STRONG PRESENCE IN - AFGHANISTAN. - >> Nawaz: THAT IS KRISH O'MARA - VIGNARJAH, PRESIDENT AND C.E.O. - OF LUTHERAN IMMIGRATION REFUGEE - SERVICES. - THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING WITH - US. - >> THANKS FOR HAVING ME. - >> Nawaz: AND NOW, TO THE - ANALYSIS OF BROOKS AND CAPEHART. - THAT IS "NEW YORK TIMES" - COLUMNIST DAVID BROOKS, AND - JONATHAN CAPEHART, COLUMNIST FOR - THE "WASHINGTON POST." - GENTLEMEN, GOOD TO SEE YOU. - LET'S HAVE A PRETTY BIG - DISCUSSION HERE ON THIS FINAL - CONVERSATION IN 2021. - I WANT TO TALK MORE BROADLY - ABOUT THE STATE OF DEMOCRACY.

- I KNOW WE'VE TALKED ABOUT IT - OVER THE LAST YEAR, BUT THERE'S - NO BIGGER STORY, I THINK, IN - 2021 AND NO BIGGER QUESTION - GOING INTO 2022. - OUR YEAR BEGAN WITH AN ATTACK ON - THE U.S. CAPITOL, THE LARGEST IN - OVER 200 YEARS. - IF YOU LOOK AT WHERE AMERICANS - ARE, A SEPTEMBER POLL FOUND 30% - OF AMERICANS BELIEVE THE - 2020 ELECTION WAS STOLEN. - THE REASON WE KNOW FOLKS TURNED - OUT ON JANUARY 6th FOUND 40% - OF AMERICANS DON'T TRUST - ELECTIONS ARE FAIR WE'RE TALKING - ABOUT THE FOUNDATIONAL PARTS OF - OUR DEMOCRACY. - WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE NUMBERS, - HOW WORRIED ARE YOU? - >> I'M MODERATELY WORRIED. - WHAT I SEE IS DISILLUSIONMENT, - DISTRUST AND CYNICISM. - WE HAVE A GREAT ELECTORAL - SYSTEM. - WE JUST RAN A MAJOR ELECTION IN - THE MIDDLE OF A PANDEMIC AND WE - DID IT WITH RECORD TURNOUT, - ALMOST NO FRAUD, AND FOR ALL

- EFFECTS, ZERO FRAUD, AND WE GOT - A RESULT, AND, SO, WE HAVE MORE - PEOPLE ACTIVE AND VOTING THAN - EVER BEFORE. - WE HAVE PROBLEMS WHICH WE CAN - TALK ABOUT LATER IN COUNTING THE - VOTES AND MAKING SURE THE - COUNTING IS SECURE, BUT THE - ACTUAL CASTING OF VOTES, IT'S A - PRETTY PROUD AMERICAN - INSTITUTION, WE SHOULD BE A - LITTLE MORE PROUD OF THE THINGS - THAT WE HAVE DONE WELL. - SO, WHEN I SEE THE VOTES, I SEE - SOME PARTISANS, REPUBLICANS WHO - THINK IT WAS STOLEN BECAUSE - THEY'RE TRUMPY REPUBLICANS, BUT - I SEE A SAD PERVASIVE CYNICISM - THAT WEARS DOWN SYSTEMS THAT ARE - NOT ACTUALLY FAILING AND THAT - CYNICISM CAN BE CORROSIVE TO A - COUNTRY. - >> Nawaz: JONATHAN, HAT DO - YOU SEE WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE - NUMBERS? - >> I'LL ANSWER YOUR ORIGINAL - QUESTION ABOUT HOW WORRIED AM I - ABOUT OUR DEMOCRACY AND I'M VERY - WORRIED. - I HEAR WHAT DAVID IS SAYING - ABOUT THE PARTICIPATION WE SAW - IN THE LAST ELECTION, THE - MILLIONS OF AMERICANS WHO TURNED - OUT TO THE POLLS, BUT WE CAN'T - IGNORE THE FACT THAT AS A RESULT - OF THE "BIG LIE," WE HAVE POLL

- NUMBERS LIKE THAT THAT YOU JUST - SHOWED, BUT WE ALSO HAD STATE - LEGISLATURES AROUND THE COUNTRY - PASS RESTRICTIVE VOTING LAWS - THAT NOT ONLY PREVENT PEOPLE - FROM BEING ABLE TO REGISTER TO - VOTE BUT ALSO GO THE EXTRA - LENGTH OF TURNING WHAT USED TO - BE INDEPENDENT STATE BOARDS OF - ELECTIONS INTO PARTISAN BODIES - WHERE THE STATE LEGISLATURE CAN - GET INVOLVED, IF THE STATE - LEGISLATURE DOESN'T LIKE THE - ELECTORAL RESULT OR THE VOTE - CAST BY THE PEOPLE. - SO THE FAC THAT WE HAVE THAT - HAPPENING AROUND THE COUNTRY IS - WHAT GIVES ME PAUSE. - THE LAST THING I WILL SAY ON - THIS IS THAT IT DIDN'T -- WHAT - MAKES IT EVEN WORSE IS THAT ONE - OF THE TWO MAJOR PARTIES -- - POLITICAL PARTIES IN THIS - COUNTRY IS AIDING AND ABETTING - THAT EFFORT TO UNDERMINE THE - FOUNDATION OF OUR DEMOCRACY. - >> Nawaz: DAVID, WHAT ABOUT - THAT? - I MEAN, THE BIG LIE, THE IDEA - THE ELECTION WAS STOLEN, THAT IS - STILL PUSHED BY ARGUABLY THE

- MOST INFLUENTIAL PERSON IN THE - REPUBLICAN PARTY AND THAT IS - DONALD TRUMP, AND IT IS NOT - FORCEFULLY DENOUNCED BY MANY - LEADERS. - SO, IN A TWO-PARTY SYSTEM, IF - ONE PARTY IS MESSAGING THINGS - THAT UNDERMINE THOSE - FOUNDATIONAL PARTS OF DEMOCRACY, - CAN THE SYSTEM HOLD? - >> YEAH, IT'S AN OPEN QUESTION. - IF YOU HAD GONE BACK TO - REPUBLICANS IN 2015 AND TOLD - THEM WHAT REPUBLICANS WOULD BE - DOING IN 2021, THEY WOULD BE - SHOCKED. - SO THIS IS A PARTY THAT HASLID - DOWN THE TOILET, I DON'T KNOW - HOW ELSE TSAY IT. - SO THAT IS A REAL PROBLEM. - I CUT JONATHAN'S ALARM IN HALF - ON THE VOTING RIGHTS ISSUE. - THE REPUBLICANS ARE TRYING TO - RESTRICT VOTING. - GIVEN THE HISTORY OF THEIR - COUNTRY, THAT WREAKS. - SOME OF THE THING THEY'RE TRYING - TO DO, VOTER I.D. LAWS ARE - POPULAR. - SOME OF THE THINGS THAT ARE SAID - ON RESTRICTIONS ON VOTING I - VOTING RESTRICTIONS DON'T - RESTRICT VOTING.

- THIS HAS BEEN STUDIED AND WE'VE - TALKED ABOUT THIS ON THE SHOW IN - THE PAST, OVER AND OVER AGAIN BY - ACADEMICS THEY FIND WHEN STATES - TIGHTEN VOTING RESTRICTIONS - TURNOUT IS THE SAME. - WHEN THEY LOOSEN, SAME. - VOTERS VOTE. - SO I'M LESS ALARMED THAN THE - SECOND THING JONATHAN SAID WHICH - IS THE STATE LEGISLATURES TAKING - OVER AFTER THE VOTES ARE - COUNTED, AND FOR THAT TO BE - REALLY PROBLEMATIC, IT WOULD - HAVE TO HAPPEN IN A PURPLE - STATE. - THERE WOULD HAVE TO BE A - REPUBLICAN STATE LEGISLATURE - POWERFUL ENOUGH TO BASICALLY - POLITICIZE THE SYSTEM IN THE - SORT OF STATE JOE BIDEN WOULD - CARRY. - IF THEY DO THAT, THEN WE HAVE A - REAL PROBLEM IN OUR DEMOCRACY. - >> Nawaz: DAVID, TO PUT A - FINER POINT ON THAT FOR ANYONE - NOT TRACKING OVER THE LAST YEAR, - THERE HAVE BEEN MASSIVE EFFORTS - TO RESTRICT VOTING ACROSS THE - COUNTRY IN 2021, MORE THAN IN - MODERN HISTORY. - ACCORDING TO THE BRENNAN CENTER, - BETWEEN JANUARY 1 OR DECEMBER 7, - AT LEAST 19 STATES PASSED 34 - LAWS RESTRICTING ACCESS TO - VOTING, HEADING INTO 2022.

- 13 STATES WILL BE CONSIDERING - BILLS TO CONSIDER RESTRICTING - ACCESS. - 25 STATES ENACTED NEW VOTER - PROTECTIONS IN 2021. - SO, JONATHAN, THAT'S AT THE - STATE LEVEL, BUT AT THE FEDERAL - LEVEL, IF THE GOVERNMENT CAN OR - DOES NOT COD PHI VOTING ACCESS, - WHAT DO YOU WORRY WILL HAPPEN -- - CODIFY? - >> THAT GOES BACK TO THE - ORIGINAL ANSWER AND THAT IS I - FEAR FOR OUR DEMOCRACY. - WE SAW THE GUTTING OF THE VOTING - RIGHTS ACT ALMOST IMMEDIATELY - OFFA SUPREME COURT DECISION WAS - HANDED DOWN, PARTICULARLY - SOUTHERN STATES MOVED VERY - QUICKLY TO INSTITUTE VOTER - RESTRICTIONS. - SO IF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, IF - CONGRESS CANNOT FIND ITS WAY TO - PASSING THE JOHN LEWIS VOTING - RIGHTS ADVANCEMENT ACT OR THE - FREEDOM TO VOTE ACT I THINK IS - THE LAST IT REGULATION OF THE - OTHER VOTING RIGHTS BILL, AND I

- HAVE BEEN A LONG-TIME ADVOCATE - OF DO AWAY WITH THE FILIBUSTER - IN ORDER FOR THOSE PIECES OF - LEGISLATION TO GET THROUGH - CONGRESS AND DEAL WITH THE - CONSEQUENCES LATER. - BECAUSE IF THE RIGHT TO VOTE IS - UNDERMINED, IF THE RIGHT TO VOTE - IS DIMINISHED IN A WAY THAT - ALLOWS FOR A PARTY TO OVERTURN - THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE, THEN ANY - OF THOSE CONSEQUENCES THAT COULD - COME FROM DOING AWAY WITH THE - FILIBUSTER WILL PALE IN - COMPARISON. - THAT'S HOW DIRE I THINK THE - SITUATION IS. - CALL ME ALARMIST, BUT I WOULD - RATHER BE ALARMIST THAN - COMPLACENT. - >> Nawaz: DAVID WHAT WOULD YOU - SAY TO THAT? - I BELIEVE WE'VE HEARD THEM SAY - THAT HASN'T IMPACTED VOTER - RESTRICTION LAWS AS IN THE PAST. - DO WE WAIT OR DO WE PASS THEM - NOW? - >> STATES CHANGE THEIR VOTER - RULES ALL THE TIME. - WE'VE STUDIED THIS.

- AS REPORTERS, WE JUST REPORT THE - EVIDENCE, AND THE EVIDENCE FROM - STUDY AFTER STUDY AFTER STUDY IS - VOTING RESTRICTIONS DON'T - RESTRICT VOTING, SO THAT DOESN'T - MEAN WE SAY WHAT IS HAPPENING IS - FINE, IT JUST MEANS WE MITIGATE - SOME OF OUR ALARM. - NOW, AGAIN, THIS IS WHERE - JONATHAN HAD THE ALARM AND - THAT'S WHAT HAPPENED AFTER TE - VOTES. - THERE IS A FORM TO HAVE THE - ELECTORAL COUNT ACT PUT IN A - CENTURY AGO TO MAKE SURE AFTER - THE VOTES ARE CAST THEY'RE - COUNTED PROPERLY, THE - VICE PRESIDENT HAS A PROPER - ROLE, THE STATE LEGISLATURES - DON'T OVERSTEP THEIR AUTHORITY, - AND IF THERE'S ONE THING WE - LEARNED FROM JANUARY 6th, WE - HAVE SEVERE HOLES IN THE WAY WE - COUNT VOTES AND THAT'S WHERE OUR - EFFORTS SHOULD BE AND THERE'S - EVEN SOME LITTLE GLIMMERS OF - LIGHT THAT THERE'S A BIPARTISAN - MAJORITY IN WASHINGTON FOR - REFORMING THE ELECTORAL COUNT - ACT, AND THAT WOULD BE AN - IMPORTANT FIRST STEP. - >> Nawaz: I'M SURE. - I KNOW WE WILL CONTINUE TO COVER - ALL OF THESE ISSUES INTO THE NEW - YEAR AS WELL. - ON THIS LAST DAY OF021, DAVID,

- WHEN YOU LOOK AHEAD TO THE NEW - YEAR, WHAT ARE YOU WATCHING AND - FOLLOWING? - ARE YOU CARRYING HOPE INTO THIS - NEXT YEAR? - >> YOU KNOW ME, BLISSFUL - OPTIMISM. - IN MAY OF 2020, I WAS LOOKING - FORWARD TO A SUMMER OF JOY, AND - THAT DIDN'T HAPPEN. - I WAS SHOCKED TO LEARN TODAY - THAT MORE AMERICANS DIED OF - COVID IN 2021 THAN IN 202. - SO 2021 WAS A ROUGH YEAR, SO I'M - LOOKING FORWARD TO A SUMMER - WHERE WE'VE -- IT'S NOT GOING - AWAY BUT WHERE WE LEARN TO LIVE - AND BREATHE AGAIN, WHERE WE - LEARN TO GO TO CONCERTS AGAIN, - WHERE WE HAVE BIG MEETINGS AND - WE DON'T HAVE TO BE VAGUELY - PARANOID AS WE'RE HANGING AROUND - EACH OTHER IN BARS. - THAT'S WHAT WE'RE LOOKING FOR, A - SIMPLE WISH. - BUT I'M GOING WITH HEDONISM IN - 2022. - (LAUGHTER) - >> Nawaz: JONATHAN, WHAT ABOU - YOU? - >> WELL, I'M NOT GOING TO GO - THAT FAR. - BUT I DO SHARE DAVID'S RESPONSE - BECAUSE MY RESPONSE WAS ALSO I - AM LOOKING FORWARD TO -- I AM

- HOPEFUL ABOUT THE PANDEMIC, I AM - HOPEFUL IN THIS REGARD, THAT WE - WILL LEARN HOW TO LIVE WITH THIS - PANDEMIC IN WAYS THAT ALLOW US - TO BE WITH EACHTHER AGAIN, TO DO - ALL THE THINGS THAT DAVID SAID, - EVEN IF YOU WANT TO BE - HEDONISTIC ABOUT IT, GREAT, THAT - AT LEAST WE WON'T BE LIVING IN A - DEFENSIVE CROWD, AFRAID TO GO - OUT OF OUR HOMES, AFRAID TO BE - WITH OUR FRIENDS AND FAMILY, - AFRAID TO BE WITH OTHER PEOPLE - FOR FEAR OF CATCHING THIS DEADLY - VIRUS. - SO THAT'S WHAT MAKES ME HOPEFUL. - >> Nawaz: DAVID, AS YOU LOOK - INTO THE NEW YEAR, BIG POLITICAL - THINGS YOU WANT TO WATCH SETTING - ASIDE YOUR OWN PERSONAL PLANS. - >> MY PERSONAL HEDONISM WHILE - I'M IN THE HOT TUB? - I WORRY ABOUT ABROAD. - WE'VE HAD AN EASY TIME IN - FOREIGN POLICY OVER THE LAST - YEARS AND WE HAVE BEEN BLESSED - BY NOT HAVING MAJOR - INTERNATIONAL DISASTERS.

- I WORRY ABOUT RUSSIA AND UKRAINE - QUITE A LOT. - I WORRY ABOUT CHINA IS A LOT - LESS STABLE THAN IT SEEMS OR - TRIES TO GET IN A CONFLICT WITH - TAIWAN AND SOMEBODY IN THE - PACIFIC. - I WORRY ABOUT THE MIDDLE EAST. - I HAVE A GUT ACCEPTS THAT THE - SWEET RIDE WE'VE HAD - INTERNATIONALLY, WE'RE PUSHING - OUR LUCK ON IT. - >> Nawaz: JONATHAN, WHAT ABOUT - YOU? - >> I'M PAYING ATTENTION TO THE - JANUARY 6th SELECT COMMITTEE. - I THINK THAT ALL THROUGH - DECEMBER, THEY HAVE BEEN RAMPING - UP WITH THE SUBPOENAS, WITH THE - INVITATIONS TO VOLUNTARILY - TESTIFY TO SITTING MEMBER OF - CONGRESS. - NEXT YEAR WE'RE GOING TO SEE - PUBLIC TELEVISED HEARINGS. - WE COULD VERY WELL SEE SUBPOENAS - OF SITTING MEMBERS OF CONGRESS - AND WATCHING THOSE SITTING - MEMBERS OF CONGRESS DEFY - SUBPOENAS. - SO THE JANUARY 6th SELECT - COMMITTEE IS GOING DOWN - UNCHARTED TERRITORY BUT IT IS - TERRITORY THAT NEEDS TO BE - FORGED. - THEY ARE LOOKING INTO AN ATTACK - NOT ONLY ON CONGRESS BUT ON OUR

- DEMOCRACY AND ITS INVESTIGATION - AND ITS FINDINGS -- THE - INVESTIGATION NEEDS TO GO - FORWARD, THE FINDINGS NEED TO BE - MADE PUBLIC, AND THE PEOPLE WHO - ARE FOUND CUPPABLE NEED TO BE - HELD ACCOUNTABLE. - >> Nawaz: I'M CERTAIN WE'RE - GOING TO HEAR A LOT MORE ON ALL - OF THOSE TOPICS FROM BOTH OF - YOU. - I FOR ONE AM LOOKING FORWARD TO - SEEING BOTH OF YOU IN PERSON IN - THE NEW YEAR. - HERE'S HOPING THAT HAPPENS VERY - SOON. - UNTIL THEN, PLEASE STAY SAFE. - THANK YOU SO MUCH. - HAPPY NEW YEAR TO BOTH OF YOU. - >> HAPPY NEW YEAR TO YOU. - >> Nawaz: THE ITALIAN REGION OF - TUSCANY IS RENOWNED FOR ITS - WORLD-CLASS WINE, FROM THE - VINE TO THE VAT, MAKING IT - A TIME-HONORED PRACTICE IN - WHICH LITTLE HAS CHANGED OVER - THE CENTURIES. - BUT, AS CHRISTOPHER LIVESAY - EXPLAINS, THERE'S E SMALL - VINEYARD CHALLENGING TRADITION, - AND BRINGING ITS WINE TO LIFE

- WITH THE SOUND OF MUSIC. - >> Reporter: IN THE ROLLING - HILLS OF MONTALCINO, TUSCANY, - A HARMONIOUS COMBINATION OF - TEMPERATE CLIMATE AND - FERTILE SOIL HAS LONG HELPED - CREATE SOME OF THE FINEST WINES - IN THE WORLD. - BUT, AT THIS VINEYARD-- THE - PARADISO DI FRASSINA-- THERE'S - ANOTHER, PECULIAR INGREDIENT. - ♪ ♪ ♪ - FOR SEVEN DAYS A WEEK, AND - 24 HOURS A DAY, THESE SANGIOVESE - GRAPES ARE FED A STEADY DIET OF - MOZART. - THE MAN BEHIND THIS UNORTHODOX - APPROACH IS OWNER CARLO - CIGNOZZI, A FORMER MUSICIAN. - >> ( translated ): I KNEW - THAT MUSIC PROVIDES ENERGY TO - THE HUMAN SOUL. - PEOPLE NEED IT TO THRIVE. - PLANTS ARE THE SAME. - >> Reporter: BUT COULD MOZART'S - "DIVERTIMENTO IN D" REALLY - PRODUCE A BACCHANALIA? - CIGNOZZI SAYS THE VINES CLOSEST

- TO THE SPEAKERS PRODUCE THE - JUICIEST GRAPES AND THE GREENEST - LEAVES. - HE DOESN'T HAVE TO USE MUCH - FERTILIZER, OR ANY PESTICIDES. - MOZART, HE SAYS, DRIVES AWAY THE - PESTS. - >> ( translated ): CRICKETS - MATE ON THE VINE. - THAT'S WHY THEY MAKE THAT SOUND, - IT'S THEIR MATING CALL: - CRI-CRI-CRI... - >> Reporter: TELL ME ABOUT THIS. - WHY DOES THE MUSIC SCARE AWAY - THE CRICKETS? - >> ( translated ): BECAUSE THE - CRICKET SINGS A SERENADE.“ - I'M HERE, MY LOVE, I'M COMING!” - BUT IF MOZART MUSIC IS PLAYING, - THE FEMALE CAN'T HEAR IT. - SO THEY LEAVE, AND GO SOMEWHERE - MORE QUIET, TO MY NEIGHBORS' - VINEYARDS, INSTEAD. - THE SAME THING HAPPENS WITH - BIRDS AND WILD BOARS THAT WOULD - OTHERWISE EAT MY GRAPES. - >> Reporter: MOZART WINE. - IT SOUNDS LIKE A GIMMICK. - BUT NOW, RESEARCHERS SAY THERE - MAY BE SOME VERITAS IN THIS - UNORTHODOX VITICULTURE. - SCIENTISTS AT THE C.R.E.A. - RESEARCH LABORATORY IN TUSCANY - ARE TRYING TO VERIFY SOME OF - THOSE CLAIMS. - >> ( translated ): PRIOR - RESEARCH SHOWS THAT THERE IS A

- POSITIVE IMPACT ON PLANT GROWTH, - AS WELL AS INSECTS, WHEN CERTAIN - UND WAVES ACT AS A DETERRENT - FOR PESTS. - >> Reporter: HE ALSO SPECULATES - THAT MOZART MUSIC MIMICS THE - FREQUENCIES OF RUNNING WATER-- - WHICH MIGHT EXPLAIN WHY THE - GRAPEVINES STRETCH AND GROW - TOWARDS THE SPEAKERS. - NOW, STORCHI AND HIS TEAM ARE - TRYING TO VERIFY YET ANOTHER - POTENTIAL BENEFIT... - >> NOW I'M GOING TO CUT A LEAF. - >> Reporter: ...TO SEE IF MUSIC - PREVENTS THE GROWTH OF FUNGUS. - SO, YOU'RE LOOKING FOR THE RIGHT - WAVELENGTH THAT WILL KEEP THIS - PLANT FROM GETTING AN INFECTION? - >> YES. - >> Reporter: PEOPLE HAVE LONG - CONSIDERED PLANTS TO BE LOWER - LIFE FORMS THAN HUMANS. - IT WAS ARISTOTLE WHO SAID THAT“ - PLANTS ARE ON THE EDGE, BETWEEN - LIVING AND NONLIVING.” - AND, IN THE OLD TESTAMENT, NOAH - MADE ROOM ON THE ARK FOR THE - ANIMALS, NOT THE PLANTS. - BUT TODAY, THERE'S A MOVEMENT IN - SCIENCE TO RECOGNIZE PLANTS AS - SENSITIVE, AND EVEN SENTIENT - CREATURES. - >> BECAUSE PLANTS ARE NOT JUST

- ABLE TO LIVE. - THEY ARE ABLE TO SENSE. - THEY ARE MUCH MORE SOPHISTICATED - IN SENSING THAN ANIMALS. - >> Reporter: STEFANO MANCUSO, - FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE, - SEEN HERE GIVING A TED TALK, IS - ONE MORE SCIENTIST STUDYING - CIGNOZZI'S MUSICAL VINEYARD IN - DEPTH. - >> AND THEY ARE ALSO ABLE TO - SHOW AND EXHIBIT SUCH A - WONDERFUL AND COMPLEX BEHAVIOR, - THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED JUST WITH - THE TERM OF INTELLIGENCE. - >> Reporter: OF COURSE, THERE - ARE SKEPTICS. - DOES ANYONE EVER CALL YOU CRAZY? - >> ( translated ): SURE. - THE ITALIANS ARE THE WORST. - IT'S LIKE HITTING A WALL. - THEY TELL ME, "CARLO, DON'T MESS - WITH WINE.” - >> Reporter: BUT AMONG THE - BELIEVERS, CIGNOZZI ALSO COUNTS - BOSE, THE HIGH-END SPEAKER - PRODUCER. - THE COMPANY HAS SPONSORED HIS - 120-SPEAKER SOUND SYSTEM, - STRETCHING 25 ACRES... - ♪ ♪ ♪ - ...AND EVEN INSIDE HIS CELLAR, - WHERE RESIDENT WINE MASTER - FEDERICO RICCI SPECULATES, THE - MUSICAL VIBRATIONS HELP WITH THE - FERMENTATION PROCESS INSIDE

- THESE BARRELS OF PRIZED - BRUNELLO, MUCH IN THE WAY THAT - SWIRLING WINE IN THE GLASS CAN - UNLOCK ITS MOST SUBTLE FLAVORS. - >> ( translated ): IT'S - CERTAINLY VERY DIFFERENT. - IT HAS DIFFERENT CHEMICAL - CHARACTERISTICS, IT HAS MANY - MORE POLYPHENOLS INSIDE. - POLYPHENOLS GIVE COLOR TO WINE, - AS WELL AS ALL THOSE - ANTIOXIDANTS THAT GIVE IT BODY. - SO THIS DEFINITELY MAKES A - BETTER WINE. - >> Reporter: BUT DOES THE MUSIC - HAVE TO BE MOZART? - SCIENTISTS SAY IT COULD BE - ANYTHING, FROM THE ROLLING - STONES TO BARRY WHITE. - BUT CIGNOZZI DISAGREES. - HE CAN'T GET ENOUGH OF MOZART. - >> ( translated ): I'VE TRIED A - VARIETY, LIKE GREGORIAN CHANTS. - ( SINGS ) - BUT FOR ME, MOZART IS THE - COMPOSER OF NATURE. - IT'S THE MOST GEOMETRIC, - THE MOST PROFOUND, THE MOST - CHEERFUL, YET THE MOST - MYSTERIOUS. - SUCH IS MOZART. - SUCH IS MY WINE AS WELL. - >> Reporter: FOR THE PBS - NEWSHOUR, I'M CHRISTOPHER - LIVESAY IN MONTALCINO, TUSCANY.

- >> Nawaz: AS WE REPORTED EARLIER - IN THE PROGRAM, TV LEGEND BETTY - WHITE HAS DIED AT 99. - HER CAREER SPANNED MORE THAN - 60 YEARS, AND INCLUDED A WHOLE - HOST OF UNFORGETTABLE ROLES. - NPR TV CRITIC ERIC DEGGANS JOINS - ME NOW TO TALK ABOUT WHITE'S - LEGACY, AND HER ROLE IN MAKING - SITCOMS APPOINTMENT VIEWING. - ERIC, WELCOME BACK TO THE - NEWSHOUR. - ALWAYS GOOD TO SEE YOU. - BETTY WHITE DID IT ALL, RIGHT, - SHE DID TALK SHOWS AND SITCOMS - AND MOVIES AND HOSTING. - IT'S NOT FAIR TO ASK THIS - QUESTION BECAUSE YOU CAN'T COVER - SIX DECADES IN ONE ANSWER, BUT - WHAT STANDS OUT TO YOU OVER THAT - DECADES-LONG CAREER? - >> WELL, A FEW THINGS STAND OUT - TO ME. - NUMBER ONE, SHE WAS SOMEONE WHO - DID-- SHE WAS OLD SCHOOL SHOWBIZ

- IN THE SENSE THAT SHE DID - EVERYTHING. - AND SHE DID EVERYTHING AND MADE - IT LOOK EFFORTLESS. - AND SO WHEN SHE WAS STARRING IN - RADIO, WHEN SHE WAS A QUEEN ON - GAME SHOWS, SHE WAS A GREAT - PANALIST ON GAME SHOWS. - AND THEN SHE TRANSITIONED TO - SITCOMS. - AND SHE EVEN PRODUCED HER OWN - TALK SHOW. - NBC ASKED HER TO CO-HOST THE - "TODAY SHOW" MANY, MANY YEARS - AGO. - SHE DIDN'T WANT TO MOVE TO - NEW YORK, SO BARBARA WALTERS GOT - THAT JOB. - I MEAN, SHE DID SO MANY THINGS. - AND THEN LATER IN HER LIFE, SHE - TRANSITIONED TO DOING - COMMERCIALS AND, YOU KNOW, SORT - OF BEING THIS SAUCY GRANDMA-KIND - OF CHARACTER. - SO, SHE DID SO MANY THINGS WELL. - AND THEN, IN A PRIVATE LIFE, - SHE WAS ALSO AN ADVOCATE FOR-- - AGAINST ANIMAL CRUELTY, AND FOR - ANIMAL RIGHTS, AND SOMEONE WHO - ALWAYS SEEMED TO BE ON THE RHT - SIDE OF ISSUES EVEN WHEN SHE WAS - STARTING HER TV CAREER. - AND, SHE WAS HOSTING THE SHOW - AND SHE HAD A BLACK PERFORMER ON - THE SHOW. - AND SOUTHERN TV STATIONS

- PRESSURED HER TO DROP THAT BLACK - PERFORMER. - SHE REFUSED TO DO SO, AND IN - FACT, GAVE HIM MORE SCREEN TIME. - >> Nawaz: SO ERIC, I-- - LIKE MILLIONS OF OTHERS-- - CAME TO LOVE HER AS ROSE ON "THE - GOLDEN GIRLS," BUT DO YOU HAVE A - FAVORITE BETTY WHITE ROLE? - >> MY FAVORITE ROLE OF HERS WAS - AS BETTY WHITE, LATER IN HER - CAREER. - SHE DELOPED THIS ABILITY TO - POKE FUN AT WHAT PEOPLE EXPECTED - HER TO BE BECAUSE OF HER AGE, - BUT SHE WAS STILL VERY SHARP, - VERY RELEVANT, WILLING TO POKE - FUN AT WHAT PEOPLE EXPECTED OF - HER AS AN OCTOGENARIAN. - AND I THOUGHT THAT WAS-- - I REALLY LOVE THAPART OF HER - CAREER. - I LOVED SEEING HER HOST - "SATURDAY NIGHT LIVE" IN HER - LATE 80s, AFTER A PUBLIC - CAMPAIGN FROM PEOPLE ON - FACEBOOK, TO-- TO PUSH THE SHOW - INTO HAVING HER AS A GUEST HOST, - AND SOME REALLY GREAT SNICKERS - COMMERCIAL FOR THE SUPER BOWL. - >> Nawaz: ERIC, ENTERTAINMENT IS - SUCH AN AGE-CONSCIOUS INDUSTRY,

- ESPECIALLY FOR WOMEN, AND BETTY - WHITE REALLY EMBRACED HER AGE. - I WANT TO SHARE WITH YOU ONE - THING SHE TOLD THE A.P. IN A - RECENT INTERVIEW. - SHE SAID "DON'T TRY TO BE YOUNG. - JUST OPEN YOUR MIND, STAY - INTERESTED IN STUFF. - THERE ARE SO MANY THINGS I - WON'T LIVE LONG ENOUGH TO - FIND OUT ABOUT, BUT I'M STILL - CURIOUS ABOUT THEM." - I'M WONDERING WHAT YOU THINK IT - WAS ABOUT BETTY WHITE THAT - HELPED HER TO FIND GENERATION - AFTER GENERATION OF NEW FANS. - >> WHAT I THINK WAS GREAT ABOUT - BETTY WHITE IS THAT SHE WAS - ART AND TALENTED, AND I THINK - SHE ALSO UNDERSTOOD HOW TO FIND - THE FUY IN WHATEVER SHE WAS - DOING, WHENEVER SHE WAS DOIN - IT. - SO, WHEN SHE WAS ON THE "MARY - TYLER MOORE SHOW," SHE WAS - PLAYING A CHARACTER WHO WAS - SWEET ON THE SURFACE, BUT WHEN - YOU GOT TO KNOW HER OFF-CAMERA, - WAS VERY CYNICAL AND AGGRESSIVE. - AND THEN, WHEN SHE WAS ON - "GOLDEN GIRLS," SHE PLAYED A - CHARACTER THAT WAS MORE NAIVE - AND OPEN-HEARTED. - AND THEN, WHEN SHE WAS ON "HOT - IN CLEVELAND," SHE PLAYED A - CHARACTER THAT WAS KIND OF LIKE - THE SAUCY GRANDMA, WHO HAD THIS, - YOU KNOW, SECRET LIFE OF, YOU - KNOW, RAISING ALL KINDS OF HAIR, - THAT YOU NEVER THOUGHT THAT SHE - WOULD BE INVOLVED IN. - AND SHE ALWAYS FOUND A WAY TO - MAKE THOSE THINGS FUNNY AND - INVOLVED WITH THE TIMES, AND

- FIGURE OUTOW TO PRESENT - HERSELF IN A WAY THAT WOULD BE - REALLY ENTERTAINING TO PEOPLE, - AND THAT THEY WOULD ALSO FIND - REALLY APPEALING. - AND THAT IS THAT IS SOMETHING - THAT'S NOT EASY TO DO, - ESPECIALLY OVER A 60-YEAR - CAREER. - IT'S JUST AMAZING HOW MUCH SHE - ACHIEVED. - >> Nawaz: THAT IS NPR'S ERIC - DEGGANS, HELPING US REMEMBER THE - LIFE AND LEGACY OF BETTY WHITE. - ERIC, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR - TIME. - >> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME. - >> Nawaz: AT BOSTON'S MUSEUM OF - FINE ARTS THESE DAYS, YOU'LL - FIND A PATCHWORK OF AMERICAN - STORIES, ASSEMBLED ONE QUILT AT - A TIME. - JARED BOWEN OF GBH BOSTON HAS - OUR LOOK, AS PART OF OUR ARTS - AND CULTURE SERIES, "CANVAS." - >> Reporter: OF THE NATION'S - ART FORMS, IT'S AMONG THE - MOST DEEPLY EMBEDDED. - QUILTS. - NOT THAT WE, OR EVEN SOME OF ITS - MOST ACCLAIMED ARTISTS, HAVE

- ALWAYS RECOGNIZED THAT. - >> LOOKING AROUND, WE ALWAYS HAD - QUILTS, EITHER MAYBE ON THE - COUCH OR ON THE WALL, WHICH IS - CRAZY TO ME BECAUSE I NEVER - LOOKED AT THEM AS, LIKE, ART - OBJECTS. - >> Reporter: BUT AFTER - LEAVING A CAREER AS A - COLLEGE BASKETBALL PLAYER - BEHIND, AND REALIZING ANOTHER - CAREER IN PHOTOJOURNALISM WAS - NOT FOR HIM, A YEAR AND A HALF - AGO, ARTIST MICHAEL C. THORPE - BEGAN QUILTING. - SOMETHING HE'D ALWAYS WATCHED - HIS MOTHER, SUSAN RICHARDS, DO. - >> THEN SHE GOT A QUILTING - MACHINE. - IT'S IN THE HOUSE. - AND I STARTED PLAYING AROUND - WITH IT, AND THEN STARTED TO - UNDERSTAND THAT I COULD USE THAT - AS, LIKE, PAINTING. - AND THAT'S WHEN IT JUST - EXPLODED, BECAUSE SHE SHOWED ME - EVERYTHING, AND THEN I JUST I - TOOK IT FROM THERE. - >> Reporter: AND IT'S LANDED - HIM HERE, IN THE MUSEUM OF - FINE ARTS, AS ONE OF THE ARTISTS - FEATURED IN THE EXHIBITION - "FABRIC OF A NATION: AMERICAN - QUILT STORIES." - THORPE'S QUILTS ARE NORMALLY - COLORFUL AND JOYOUS, BUT HE - MADE THIS PIECE THE DAY AFTER - GEORGE FLOYD'S MURDER. - >> BASICALLY I KEPT COMING BACK - TO, LIKE, WHAT DO PEOPLE THINK

- OF, LIKE, BLACK MEN? - AND A LOT OF THIS CAME FROM, - LIKE, PUTTING THE BURDEN ON, - LIKE, THE AUDIENCE, YOU KNOW? - BECAUSE EVERYONE WAS TALKING - ABOUT, LIKE, BLACK PEOPLE ARE - ALWAYS BURDENED WITH, LIKE, - TELLING PEOPLE ABOUT THE - SITUATION, LIVING THROUGH THE - SITUATION. - AND I WAS JUST LIKE, I WANT TO - RELIEVE MYSELF OF THAT, AND - GIVE IT TO THE AUDIENCE. - >> I THINK IF WE CAN AGREE ON - ANYTHING, IT'S THE STORY OF OUR - NATION IS A COMPLICATED ONE, AND - WE'RE-- WE'RE LIVING THAT NOW. - >> Reporter: JENNIFER SWOPE - CURATED THIS SHOW, AND TRACES - HOW THE HISTORY OF AMERICA HAS - BEEN WOVEN TOGETHER IN QUILTS - SPANNING CENTURIES. - >> THERE'S ALWAYS THE INCREDIBLE - STORY OF THE AMERICAN QUILTING - BEE, WHERE ELY SUFFRAGISTS - CAME TOGETHER AND PLOTTED TO - EXPAND THE FRANCHISE OF VOTING, - OR TO PROMOTE THE IDEAS OF - ABOLITIONISM. - AND THAT'S DEEPLY BAKED INTO THE - IDEA OF THE AMERICAN QUILT. - >> Reporter: QUILTS TOLD THE - STORY OF COTTON AND CORDUROY - LANDSCAPES, OF RURAL FAMILY - LIFE, AND OF TRAUMA. - >> WE HAVE DR. CAROLYN - MAZLOOMI'S WORK, "STRANGE FRUIT - II," WHICH IS ABOUT THE SONG - THAT WAS POPULARIZED BY - BILLIE HOLIDAY, WHICH IS

- GRAPHICALLY GUT-WRENCHING. - ♪ ♪ ♪ - IT SHOWS LYNCHED BODIES ON A - TREE. - IT SHOWS KU KLUX KLAN FIGURES. - AND THAT WILL GIVE PEOPLE PAUSE, - AND RIGHTLY SO. - >> Reporter: BUT ARTIST BISA - BUTLER'S QUILT IS HALTING FOR - ITS SHIMMERING PORTRAITS OF - ATLANTA'S MORRIS BROWN COLLEGE - BASEBALL TEAM FROM 1899. - IT'S SO LAYERED. - LAYERED IN THEME, IT'S LAYERED - IN PRACTICE. - >> I THINK LAYERED IS THE - PERFECT WORD TO USE. - WHAT I THINK SHE REALLY WANTS - PEOPLE TO DO IS TO LOOK - CAREFULLY AT EACH OF THESE - FIGURES AND RECOGNIZE THEIR - INDIVIDUAL HUMANITY, AND - SHE DOES THAT REALLY BY - CREATING THESE PORTRAITS IN - COLOR AND CLOTH. - >> Reporter: HERE WE ALSO - FIND ONE GALLERY TRANSFORMED - INTO A VIRTUAL TEMPLE. - IT FEATURES THE ONLY KNOWN

- SURVIVING QUILTS BY HARRIET - POWERS, SIDE-BY-SIDE FOR THE - FIRST TIME. - >> SHE'S AN ICON. - WHAT SHE WAS ABLE TO ACHIEVE. - >> Reporter: A FORMER ENSLAVED - WOMAN, POWERS IS CONSIDERED - THE MOTHER OF AFRICAN AMERICAN - QUILTING. - SHE RENDERS LIFE LESSONS IN - THIS PICTORIAL QUILT FROM THE - LATE 1890s. - BUT IT WAS HER BIBLE QUILT, - SEWN A DECADE EARLIER, THAT - MADE POWERS A SENSATION, - AFTER IT WAS EXHIBITED IN AN - ATLANTA FAIR VISITED BY NEARLY A - MILLION PEOPLE, INCLUDING THEN- - PRESIDENT GROVER CLEVELAND. - >> THESE WERE THE OFFSPRING OF - HER BRAIN AS SHE DESCRIBED THEM. - AND THEY WERE PRECIOUS TO HER. - HER WHOLE COSMOLOGY IS PART OF - THOSE WORKS OF ART. - THERE IS NOTHING UNPLANNED. - >> Reporter: AS A STRONG - TRADITION OF QUILTING BEES - REMINDS US, QUILTS ARE COMMONLY - COMMUNAL EFFORTS. - GEE'S BEND IS AN ALABAMA - COMMUNITY THAT'S TAKEN ON - NEARLY MYTHICAL PROPORTIONS - FOR A QUILTING TRADITION THAT - HAS PASSED FROM GENERATION TO

- GENERATION SINCE THE 19th - CENTURY. - >> SEVERAL PEOPLE HAVE DESCRIBED - THE QUILTS OF GEE'S BEND AS THE - PRODUCT OF WHAT WE MIGHT THINK - OF AS A SCHOOL OF ART IN A SENSE - THAT IT WAS A TIGHT COMMUNITY. - >> Reporter: COMMUNITY PREVAILS - IN THESE WORKS-- EVEN FOR - ARTISTS LIKE THORPE, WHO WORK - INDEPENDENTLY. - >> IT'S LIKE A VILLAGE, YOU - KNOW TO MAKE ANYTHING. - AND LITERALLY EVY PIECE-- - EVERY PIECE OF FABRIC I GET, - FROM MY AUNT'S QUILT SHOP, MAY - COME FROM JUST LIKE A LOCAL - FABRIC STORE. - EVERYBODY'S, LIKE, CONTRIBUTING - TO IT. - FEELS LIKE THERE'S, LIKE, A - COMMUNITY BEHIND ME, BECAUSE I - COULDN'T DO IT WITHOUT MY MOM, - WITHOUT MY FAMILY, WITHOUT ALL - THESE PEOPLE THAT KE THESE - AMAZING FABRICS THAT I USE. - >> Reporter: OR THE HISTORY - WOVEN DEEPLY INTO THE FABRIC OF - A NATION. - FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, I'M - JARED BOWEN IN BOSTON. - >> Nawaz: FINALLY TONIGHT, - WE WANTED TO TAKE A LOOK BACK

- AT SOME OF THE IMAGES THAT - HAVE DEFINED THIS INCREDIBLE - YEAR, AND HEAR FROM THE - PHOTOJOURNALISTS WHO CAPTURED - THEM. - >> MY NAME IS MARIO TOMA. - I'M A STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER WITH - GETTY IMAGES. - THIS YEAR, I COVERED COVID - IMPACTS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, - LOUISIANA, AND BRAZIL. - >> MY NAME IS MARCUS YAM. - I'M A FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT - AND PHOTOJOURNALIST FOR THE - "LOS ANGELES TIMES." - I WAS IN KABUL DURING THE - FALL OF AFGHANISTAN. - LITTLE DID I KNOW THAT I WAS - GOING TO SEE THE SWIFT TRANSFER - OF POWER. - >> MY NAME IS JUSTIN SULLIVAN. - I'M A STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER WITH - GETTY IMAGES. - I'M BASED IN SAN FRANCISCO. - THIS YEAR WAS A BUSY YEAR FOR - ME. - I COVERED A LOT OF STORIES THAT - REVOLVED AROUND THE DROUGHT - THAT'S HAPPENING IN THE WESTERN - UNITED STATES, AND ALSO A LOT OF - WILDFIRES. - >> MY NAME IS LEAH MILLIS. - I AM A SENIOR PHOTOGRAPHER FOR - THOMSON REUTERS. - I COVER POLITICS, BREAKING NEWS, - FEATURES, STORIES, OTHER THINGS - AROUND THE WORLD. - >> MY NAME IS ASHLEY GILBERTSON.

- I'M A PHOTOJOURNALIST. - I LIVE IN NEW YORK CITY, AND I'M - WITH THE PHOTO AGENCY CALLED - SEVEN, AND I DO A LOT OF WORK AS - A FREELANCER FOR THE "NEW YORK - TIMES." - AND THEY SAID, DO YOU WANT TO GO - TO WASHINGTON TOMORROW? - BECAUSE THERE'S GOING TO BE THIS - "STOP THE STEAL" RALLY, AND - WE'RE LOOKING FOR SOME PICTURES - OF IMPASSIONED TRUMP SUPPORTERS - AND WHATEVER ELSE HAPPENS. - AND, AS I GOT TO THE LAWN ON THE - CAPITAL, I-- I COULD SEE THAT - THERE WAS A GROUP OF TRUMP - RIOTERS NOW, AND THEY WERE - PUSHING AND SMASHING A DOOR AND - WINDOWS. - ONE OF THE REAR ENTRANCES. - SO I RAN STRAIGHT TOWARDS THAT. - THEY GOT IN, AND I WAS ONE OF - THE FIRST 20 PEOPLE INTO THE - PLACE, AND I FOLLOWED THIS CROWD - AS THEY MOVED THROUGH THE - CORRIDORS. - AND SOME OF THEM PUT THEIR HANDS - UP AND THERE WAS SHOUTING. - AND SO I MOVE IN FRONT TO SEE - WHAT'S GOING ON. - I DIDN'T KNOW THAT HE WAS - PROTECTING AND TRYING TO LEAD - THEM SOMEWHERE ELSE. - I DIDN'T KNOW THAT IT WAS. - HE WAS GOING TO TAKE THEM AWAY - FROM THE CHAMBER WHERE THERE - WERE STILL SENATORS INSIDE. - AND I SEE THAT THERE IS A POLICE - OFFICER STANDING THERE AND HE'S

- SHOUTING AT THEM AND... - THAT POLICE OFFICER, WHO WE NOW - KNOW IS EUGENE GOODMAN-- TO ME, - WAS THE SOLE ACT OF REAL COURAGE - THAT I SAW. - >> THE ONE PHOTO THAT I CAUGHT A - FLASH BANG IN IS A VERY - IMPERFECT IMAGE. - PART OF THE EXPOSURE IS KIND OF - BLOWN OUT. - BUT I THINK THE PHOTO REALLY - RESONATES WITH PEOPLE BECAUSE IT - KINDF CAPTURES THE SHOCK OF - WHAT WAS GOING ON. - I REMEMBER LOOKING AROUND AND - JUST BEING IN COMPLETE DISBELIEF - OR SHOCK. - I NEVER WOULD HAVE IMAGINED A - SCENE LIKE THAT. - >> PHOTOGRAPHIC COVERAGE OF, - YOU KNOW, WHAT-- WHAT WENT ON - IN AFGHANISTAN WAS SO IMPORTANT, - BECAUSE THE WORLD SAW QUICKLY - HOW YOU KNOW HOW TRAGIC THINGS - BECAME AND HOW TERRIBLE THINGS - BECAME. - IN THE 24 HOURS LEADING UP TO - THE AMERICANS LEAVING, THERE ARE - THESE KEY MOMENTS THAT I - REMEMBER. - I REMEMBER-- THERE WAS GUNFIRE - THAT RANG OUT THROUGHOUT THE - NIGHT. - AND IT WAS LIKE THE TALIBAN HAD - WON THE SUPER BOWL.

- AND IT WAS SURREAL TO BE IN THAT - AIRPORT AS THEY TOOK OVER. - AND I REMEMBER THINKING TO - MYSELF, I WILL-- I WILL LOOK - BACK AT THIS DAY, AND REMEMBER - THIS FOR THE REST OF MY LIFE. - >> COVERING WILDFIRES IN - CALIFORNIA IS DEFINITELY - EYE-OPENING, AND IT HAS EVOLVED - SO MUCH OVER THE 20 YEARS THAT I - HAVE BEEN COVERING THEM. - THEY'RE MUCH BIGGER NOW. - THEY'RE MUCH MORE UNPREDICTABLE, - DANGEROUS. - WE'VE HAD WILDFIRES IN - CALIFORNIA THIS YEAR THAT - ALMOST BURNED A MILLION ACRES, - WHICH IS, YOU KNOW, A FIRST. - IT'S NEVER HAPPENED. - AND, YOU KNOW, IT'S DEVASTATING. - AND TO-- TO SEE TOWNS GO UP IN - FLAMES, PEOPLE'S HOMES GO UP IN - FLAMES, LIVELIHOOD, FARMS. - YOU KNOW, IT'S HEARTBREAKING. - I MEAN, THIS STORY ABOUT DROUGHT - AND WILDFIRE, IT AFFECTS - EVERYONE IN CALIFORNIA. - WHETHER YOU LIKE IT OR NOT, - YOU KNOW, YOU'RE GOING TO GET - IT-- YOU'RE GOING TO BE IMPACTED - BY SMOKE. - YOU'RE GOING TO GET IMPACTED BY - THE FIRE ITSELF. - YOU'RE GOING TO BE IMPACTED WHEN - THE WATER RUNS OUT.

- IT AFFECTS EVERYONE. - >> I THINK THE ROLE OF - PHOTOJOURNALISTS DURING THE - PANDEMIC AND DURING OTHER - MASS CASUALTY EVENTS AND - NATURAL DISASTERS IS TO DOCUMENT - THE HUMAN SIDE OF THESE CRISES. - AND THAT'S WHAT WE DO. - AND I REMEMBER WALKING - THROUGH ONE OF THE HOSPITAL - CORRIDORS, AND IN ONE OF THE - COVID WARDS, AND, ONE OF - THE NURSES SAID TO ME: - "THE WORLD NEEDS TO SEE THIS. - THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE." - AND I KEPT THOSE WORDS IN THE - BACK OF MY HEAD. - >> Nawaz: AND THAT IS THE - NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT, AND FOR - 2021. - I'M AMNA NAWAZ. - FOR ALL OF US AT THE - PBS NEWSHOUR, THANK YOU FOR - JOINING US. - HAVE A SAFE AND HAPPY NEW YEAR. - AND WE'LL SEE YOU VERY SOON, - IN 2022. - >> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS

- NEWSHOUR HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY: - >> FIDELITY WEALTH MANAGEMENT. - >> CONSUMER CELLULAR. - >> JOHNSON & JOHNSON. - >> BNSF RAILWAY. - >> FINANCIAL SERVICES FIRM - RAYMOND JAMES. - >> THE WILLIAM AND FLORA HEWLETT - FOUNDATION. - FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS, - ADVANCING IDEAS AND SUPPORTING - INSTITUTIONS TO PROMOTE A BETTER - WORLD. - AT www.hewlett.org. - >> SUPPORTING SOCIAL - ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR - SOLUTIONS TO THE WORLD'S MOST - PRESSING PROBLEMS-- - skollfoundation.org. - >> AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT - OF THESE INSTITUTIONS - AND FRIENDS OF THE NEWSHOUR. - >> THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE - POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR

- PUBLIC BROADCASTING. - AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS - STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. - THANK YOU. - Captioning sponsored by - NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC - Captioned by - Media Access Group at WGBH - access.wgbh.org - [music playing] - - Hello everyone, and

- welcome to Amanpour&Co. - As the year draws to a close, - we're looking back at some of - our favorite interviews. - So here's, what's - coming up tonight. - - Survivors, united, - will never be divided. - - [Host] 'Me Too', four - years after going viral, - I speak to the - founder, Tarana Burke, - about it's true origins, - and where it goes from here. - Then, - - They put us in a truck, and - then they took us to the other - border, and they cut it, - and they told us to walk. - - These migrants say Belarus, - lped ferry them to Europe. - The EU says it is state - organized human trafficking. - We get a report from - Eastern Germany, and, - [clapping and cheering] - can this man finally unseat - Hungary's authoritarian leader, - Viktor Orban? - Mayor Peter Marki-Zay, - tells me how he's trying - to do just that, by - rallying unlikely allies, - ahead of the next electi.