PBS NewsHour; August 14, 2017 3:00pm-4:01pm PDT

Captioning sponsored by NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC

>> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING, I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. JUDY WOODRUFF IS AWAY. ON THE NEWSHOUR TONIGHT...

>> THOSE WHO CAUSE VIOLENCE ARE CRIMINALS AND THUGS, INCLUDING THE KKK, NEO-NAZIS, AND WHITE SUPREMACISTS.

>> Sreenivasan: ON THE THIRD DAY AFTER THE VIOLENCE, PRESIDENT TRUMP CALLS OUT THIS WEEKEND'S EVENTS IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, AND THE OUTRAGE OF A DIVIDED NATION. ALSO AHEAD, OUR POLITICS MONDAY TEAM IS HERE TO TALK ABOUT THE CONTROVERSY AROUND THE PRESIDENT'S RESPONSE AND TOMORROW'S SPECIAL ELECTION FOR JEFF SESSION' SENATE SEAT IN ALABAMA. PLUS, UNEARTHING HISTORY, ARCHAEOLOGISTS RACE AGAINST TIME TO PRESERVE VALUABLE ANCIENT ARTIFACTS FROM THE ROMAN EMPIRE, BEFORE THEY'RE ERASED.

>> NOW THIS SITE MAY BE AS SIGNIFICANT AS POMPEII BUT YOU WONT BE ABLE TO SEE IT ANY TIME SOON. WITHIN MONTH THIS SITE WILL BE COVERED IN CONCRETE AND TURNED INTO BUILDINGS AND A CAR PARK.

>> Sreenivasan: ALL THAT AND MORE ON TONIGHT'S PBS NEWSHOUR.

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>> Sreenivasan: WE BEGIN TONIGHT WITH CONTINUING COVERAGE OF THE ATTACKS IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA, OVER THE WEEKEND. ON SATURDAY, PRESIDENT TRUMP DREW CRITICISM FROM THE LEFT AND RIGHT ALIKE WHEN HE DID NOT NAME NEO-NAZI GROUPS FOR INCITING THE ATTACKS. HE INSTEAD DENOUNCED VIOLENCE "ON MANY SIDES." TODAY, HE WAS MORE SPECIFIC.

>> RACISM IS EVIL. AND THOSE WHO CAUSE VIOLENCE IN ITS NAME ARE CRIMINALS AND THUGS, INCLUDING THE K.K.K., NEO-NAZIS, WHITE SUPREMACISTS, AND OTHER HATE GROUPS THAT ARE REPUGNANT TO EVERYTHING WE HOLD DEAR AS AMERICANS. WE ARE A NATION FOUNDED ON THE TRUTH THAT ALL OF US ARE CREATED EQUAL. THOSE WHO SPREAD VIOLENCE IN THE NAME OF BIGOTRY STRIKE AT THE VERY CORE OF AMERICA.

>> Sreenivasan: THE FALLOUT FROM THE WEEKEND'S VIOLENCE CONTINUED TO REVERBERATE AROUND THE COUNTRY TODAY. IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, THE DRIVER OF THE SUSPECTED VEHICLE THAT RAMMED INTO A CROWD OF PEOPLE APPEARED IN COURT VIA VIDEO LINK. AND ATTORNEY GENERAL JEFF SESSIONS SAID THIS MORNING THE VEHICLE ATTACK MEETS THE LEGAL DEFINITION OF DOMESTIC TERRORISM. NEWSHOUR PRODUCER P.J. TOBIA WAS IN CHARLOTTESVILLE OVER THE WEEKEND, AND BEGINS OUR COVERAGE TONIGHT.

>> Reporter: PROTESTS CONTINUED ACROSS THE COUNTRY TODAY, IN TENNESSEE IN RESPONSE TO THE WHITE NATIONALIST RALLY IN CHARLOTTESVILLE OVER THE WEEKEND, AND IN SOLIDARITY WITH THOSE KILLED AND INJURED.

>> WE ARE HERE TODAY TO SEND A MESSAGE TO OUR WHITE BROTHERS AND SISTERS THAT WHITE SUPREMACY HURTS YOU TOO.

>> Reporter: BACK IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, FALLOUT FROM THE RALLY CONTINUED. IN THE DISTRICT COURT, A JUDGE ORDERED 20 YEAR OLD JAMES ALEX FIELDS JR. HELD WITHOUT BOND ON SECOND DEGREE MURDER CHARGES. HE'S ACCUSED OF RAMMING HIS CAR INTO A CROWD OF DEMONSTRATORS WHO CAME OUT AGAINST THE WHITE NATIONALIST RALLY TO DENOUNCE A CHARLOTTESVILLE CITY DECISION TO REMOVE A STATUE OF CONFEDERATE GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE. THE RALLY INCLUDED MEMBERS OF THE K.K.K., NEO NAZIS AND OTHERS. THOSE WHO KNEW HIM IN HIGH SCHOOL SAY HE PROFESSED ENTHUSIASM FOR NAZI IDEOLOGY. 32-YEAR-OLD HEATHER HEYER OF CHARLOTTESVILLE WAS KILLED IN THE ATTACK, NINETEEN OTHERS WERE INJURED.

>> I AM EXTREMELY PROUD OF MY DAUGHTER. I AM EXTREMELY PROUD SHE STOOD FOR WHAT SHE BELIEVED IN. THE SHE NOT ONLY GAVE MOUTH TO IT, BUT SHE GAVE HEART TO IT, SHE GAVE HER SOUL TO IT, AND NOW SHE'S GIVEN HER LIFE TO IT.

>> Reporter: SEPARATELY, TWO VIRGINIA STATE POLICE OFFICERS WERE ALSO KILLED, WHEN THEIR HELICOPTER, WHICH HAD BEEN MONITORING THE PROTESTS CRASHED.

>> THOSE STATE TROOPERS WERE WITH ME 24 HOURS A DAY, SEVEN DAYS A WEEK. BERKE BATES WAS PART OF OUR FAMILY AND IT WAS TOUGH YESTERDAY, AFTER I LEFT HERE TO DRIVE TO THE BATES HOME AND TO SEE A MAN IN THOSE TWO BEAUTIFUL CHILDREN, WHOSE DAD IS NOT COMING HOME EVER AGAIN.

>> Reporter: CHARLOTESVILLE MAYOR MICHAEL SIGNER CALLED OUT THE RALLY'S ORGANIZERS.

>> THERE'S A LOT OF BLUSTER IN THE ALT RIGHT, THERE'S A LOT VIOLENCE IN THE ALT RIGHT, THERE'S A LOT OF HATE.

>> Reporter: SIGNER REJECTED CRITICISM THAT THE POLICE RESPONSE WAS INADEQUATE.

>> THERE WERE ALMOST 1,000 LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS ON THE GROUND FOR AN OPERATION IN A CITY OF 50,000 PEOPLE. WE HAD DESCENDED UPON US THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE FOR THE INITIAL EVENT. THANK GOD IT WASN'T WORSE. NO SHOTS WERE FIRED, NO OTHER LIVES WERE LOST, NO PROPERTY WAS DAMAGED.

>> Reporter: WHITE NATIONALIST MATHEW HEIMBACH, WHO LEADS A SMALL GROUP BASED IN INDIANA, HELPED ORGANIZE THE PROTEST AND SHOWED UP AT THE CHARLOTTESVILLE COURTHOUSE TODAY. WHEN WE SPOKE YESTERDAY, HE CALLED THE RALLY A SUCCESS AND SAYS THE WHITE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT IS STRONGER THAN EVER

>> IF THE NATIONALIST COMMUNITY CAN COME TOGETHER, STAND TOGETHER AND FIGHT TOGETHER, THAT WE ARE GOING TO BE UNSTOPPABLE. BUT OUR RISE, EVEN JUST GOING BACK SINCE I'VE BEEN INVOLVED IN THIS MOVEMENT, IT USED TO BE A RALLY OF 50 GUYS WAS VERY SUCCESSFUL. NOW WE'RE RALLYING 1,000 1,500 PEOPLE IN THE STREETS, OUR MOVEMENT IS GROWING.

>> Reporter: HEIMBACH TOOK ZERO RESPONSIBILITY FOR AN EVENT THAT LED TO DEATH AND INJURY. SOMEONE DIED YESTERDAY BECAUSE OF YOUR RALLY, SOMEONE'S DEAD BECAUSE OF THAT. DO YOU FEEL AT ALL RESPONSIBLE?

>> NOT AT ALL. THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN NO VIOLENCE WHATSOEVER YESTERDAY IF THE POLICE HAD SIMPLY DONE THEIR JOB AND GIVEN THE LEFTIST PROTESTERS THEIR OWN SPACE TO PROTEST AND WE'D BEEN ALLOWED TO HOLD OUR RALLY. THE LEFT ARE THE ONES WHO WERE ATTACKING US.

>> Reporter: ANOTHER GROUP THAT DREW PEOPLE FROM AROUND THE COUNTRY FOR THE WEEKEND'S RALLY- - ARMED RIGHT WING MILITIAS KNOWN AS 'THE OATH KEEPERS" AND "THREE PERCENTERS". WHILE THEY DON'T SHARE ALL THE BELIEFS OF THE WHITE NATIONALIST GROUPS, THEY DO HOLD SOME RADICAL VIEWS. THE GROUP'S LEADERSHIP SAY THEY WERE THERE TO PROTECT EVERYONE'S FIRST AMENDMENT RIGHTS. AT LEAST ONE MILITIA GROUP ENDED UP NEEDING PROTECTION THEMSELVES. EARLIER THIS YEAR, NEWSHOUR WENT INSIDE ONE OF THESE GROUPS. THE GEORGIA SECURITY FORCE, A LOCAL THREE PERCENT MILITIA. CHRIS HILL IS THEIR LEADER.

>> I THINK, WHAT THE GOVERNMENT GIVES, THE GOVERNMENT CAN TAKE AWAY. IF THEY'RE PROVIDING THE SECURITY FOR US, THEY CAN TAKE IT AWAY.

>> Reporter: AFTER THIS WEEKEND, AT LEAST ONE MILITIA GROUP SAID IT WOULD NO LONGER ENCOURAGE PARTICIPANTS TO SHOW UP AT WHITE NATIONALIST RALLIES. THIS MORNING, THE F.B.I. ANNOUNCED THAT IT HAD ARRESTED AN OKLAHOMA MAN IN A STING OPERATION ON CHARGES THAT HE TRIED TO DETONATE WHAT HE THOUGHT WAS A 1,000 POUND BOMB IN OKLAHOMA CITY ON SATURDAY. 23-YEAR-OLD JERRY DRAKE VARNELL TOLD AN UNDERCOVER AGENT HE BELIEVED IN THE "THREE PERCENT" MILITIA IDEOLOGY, AND WAS INSPIRED BY THE 1995 OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING. MEANWHILE, OTHER CITIES AROUND THE COUNTRY ARE CONSIDERING REMOVING CONFEDERATE STATUES, AND WHITE NATIONALISTS SAY THEY'LL CONTINUE TO STAGE LARGE PROTESTS TO PREVENT THEIR REMOVAL.

>> Sreenivasan: YOU AND OUR PRODUCER WERE THERE OVER THE WEEKEND. BOTH SIDES, LEFT AND THE RIGHT, SAY THIS IS A TURNINGPOINT. HOW IS THAT THE CASE?

>> THE RIGHT WING RIGHT NATIONALISTS SAY IT'S A TURNING POINT BECAUSE THEY MANAGED TO PULL OFF WHAT WAS IN THEIR VIEW A SUCCESSFUL RALLY, EVEN THOUGH THE PLANNED SPEECHES THEY HAD AND THE ACTUAL EVENT FORMALLY NEVER TOOK PLACE, THEY WERE ABLE TO CREATE ALL THIS CHAOS IN CHARLOTTESVILLE. THEY WERE ABLE TO GET THEIR AGENDA PUSHED TO THE FRONT PAGE OF NEWSPAPERS, TELEVISION NEWS PROGRAMS, ENTER THE CITY, PROTEST, MARCH AROUND WITH THEIR SIGNS AND WAVE THEIR SHIELDS AND GET A LOT OF COVERAGE FOR THEIR MESSAGE. NONE OF THEM WERE INJURED OR REALLY HURT IN ANY WAY. THEY FEEL LIKE THEY GOT THEIR MESSAGE OUT AND IT WAS A SUCCESS. THE TURNINGPOINT FOR HIM, THEY FEEL LIKE THEY LIKELY KNOW HOW TO DO THIS NOW. THEY CAN ORGANIZE, GET INTO A CITY, GET OUT AND GET HEADLINES. THE LEFT FEEL THEY WON THE DAY BECAUSE THE NATIONALISTS WEREN'T ABLE TO CARRY OUT THEIR FORMAL PROGRAM. THEY GOT PUSHED OUT OF LEE PARK AS MARK AND I SAW, THEY WERE RALLIED FROM THEIARY OF BATTLE, IF YOU WILL, AND HAVING A VICTORY MARCH WHEN THE TERRIBLE TRAGIC MURDER BY AUTOMOBILE TOOK PLACE. BOTH SIDES FEEL THEY CAN CLAIM VICTORY AND WILL ALMOST CERTAINLY BECOME CALCIFIED IN THEIR BELIEFS AND MORE OUTRAGEOUS IN THEIR RHETORIC.

>> Sreenivasan: HOW ARE THESE PEOPLE DIFFERENT THAN THE RACISTS WHO USED TO MARCH ON CITIES MANY YEARS AGO?

>> IN MANY WAYS, THEY'RE NOT. YOUNG MEN, MORE AFFLUENT THAN PREVIOUS GENERATIONS, BUT THE DIFFERENCE IS THEY'VE HARNESSED THE POWER OF SOCIAL MEDIA, CAN ORGANIZE QUICKLY, PUT TOGETHER LIGHTNING STRIKES TO GROUPS. GET THEIR MESSAGE OUT TO A WIDER AUDIENCE. PEOPLE WHO WOULD NEVER ENGAGE WITH A NATIONALIST. IF YOU W57B9D TO GET THIS MESSAGE YOU HAD TO GO TO A WEIRD BOOK STORE DOWNTOWN WHERE THEY SOLD THE BAG SEEBS. NOW TWITTER CAN BE USED TO FLOOD ANY TWITTER STREAM WITH THEIR MESSAGES OF HATE.

>> Sreenivasan: LET'S TALK ABOUT THE PRESENCE OF -- THE INCREASED PRESENCE OF FOLKS WHO ARE MORE AGGRESSIVE IN WANTING TO PUSHBACK THAN THE PEACEFUL PROTESTERS THERE WERE.

>> ANTI-FASCISTS HAVE BEEN AROUND SINCE THE '80s AND ARE PROMINENT IN THE NATIONAL CONVERSATION BECAUSE THEY HAVE BEEN THE ONES AT THE FOREFRONT OF THESE ALT RIGHT RALLIES AND THEIR MESSAGE IS BASICALLY ANYWAY TO CONFRONT THESE GROUPS IS BY GETTING IN THEIR FACES, BY SHOWING UP IN FORCE AND NOT ALLOWING THEM TO HAVE OR HOLD PUBLIC SPACE BECAUSE IF YOU REALLY CARRY OUT THE RHETORIC OF WHITE SUPREMACIST LOGIC TO ITS END, IT'S GENOCIDE AND THEY DON'T THINK IT'S ACCEPTABLE TO ALLOW THEM TO ORGANIZE.

>> Sreenivasan: P.J. TOBIA, THANKS FOR REPORTING THIS WEEKEND.

>> THANKS, HARI.

>> Sreenivasan: WE'LL TAKE A CLOSER LOOK AT THE ISSUES COMING OUT OF CHARLOTTESVILLE, INCLUDING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN CIVIL WAR STATUES AND THE CURRENT PROTEST MOVEMENTS, AND WE'LL TACKLE WHY PRESIDENT TRUMP POLITICS MONDAY, LATER IN THE PROGRAM. IN THE DAY'S OTHER NEWS, THE TOP U.S. MILITARY OFFICER SOUGHT TO SECRETARY OF STATE SAYS JAMES MATTIS WILL TAKE OUT ANY MISSILE FIRED TOWARDS GUAM. MATTIS SAID A NORTH KOREAN STRIKE ON U.S. COULD LEAD TO WAR. GENERAL DUNFORD SAID DIPLOMACY REMAINS THE PRIORITY.

>> IT WOULD BE A HORRIBLE THING WERE WAR TO BE CONDUCTED HERE ON THE PENINSULA AND THAT IS WHY WE ARE SO FOCUSED ON COMING UP WITH A PEACEFUL WAY AHEAD THAT DENUCLEARIZES THE PENINSULA. NOBODY IS LOOKING FOR WAR. OUR JOB IS TO MAKE SURE THAT OUR LEADERSHIP, BOTH THE SOUTH KOREAN LEADERSHIP AND THE U.S. LEADERSHIP HAVE VIABLE MILITARY OPTIONS IN THE EVENT THAT DETERRENCE FAILS AND THAT IS WHAT WE ARE GOING TO DELIVER.

>> Sreenivasan: MEANWHILE, CHINA'S COMMERCE MINISTRY HAS ORDERED A BAN ON IMPORTS OF COAL, IRON ORE, LEAD AND SEAFOOD FROM NORTH KOREA. IT'S PART OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW U.N. SANCTIONS ON PYONGYANG. WE'LL HAVE MORE ON THE NORTH KOREA SITUATION LATER IN THE PROGRAM. PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS ASKED HIS TRADE OFFICE TO LOOK INTO CHINA'S ALLEGED THEFT OF AMERICAN TECHNOLOGY AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. IT COMES AS THE U.S. SEEKS BEIJING'S HELP ON NORTH KOREA. BUT AN ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL SAID THE MOVE WAS UNRELATED. MR. TRUMP SIGNED AN EXECUTIVE ACTION ON A POSSIBLE PROBE DURING A WHITE HOUSE CEREMONY. HE SAID THE IT WAS "JUST THE BEGINNING."

>> ITS MY DUTY AND RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT THE AMERICAN WORKERS' TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY FROM UNFAIR AND ABUSIVE ACTIONS. WE WILL STAND UP TO ANY COUNTRY THAT UNLAWFULLY FORCES AMERICAN COMPANIES TO TRANSFER VALUABLE TECHNOLOGY AS A CONDITION OF MARKET ACCESS.

>> Sreenivasan: A CHINESE FOREIGN MINISTRY SPOKESWOMAN CALLED ON THE U.S. TO AVOID SPARKING A "TRADE WAR," WHICH SHE SAID WOULD HAVE "NO WINNERS." AT LEAST 200 PEOPLE ARE DEAD AFTER A MASSIVE MUDSLIDE IN THE WEST AFRICAN COUNTRY OF SIERRA LEONE. HEAVY RAINS SPARKED THE DEADLY TORRENT, WHICH SWEPT THROUGH THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE CAPITAL FREETOWN. AMATEUR VIDEO CAPTURED THE SURGING WATERS AS THEY RUSHED THROUGH CITY STREETS. OFFICIALS WARN THE DEATH TOLL WILL LIKELY RISE AS THE FLOODING RECEDES. IN BURKINA FASO, SUSPECTED ISLAMIST MILITANTS KILLED AT LEAST 18 PEOPLE IN AN ATTACK ON A RESTAURANT. IT HAPPENED IN THE COUNTRY'S CAPITAL AND OFFICIALS SAID SEVERAL FOREIGNERS WERE AMONG THE DEAD. CELL PHONE VIDEO SHOWED AN EXCHANGE OF HEAVY GUNFIRE BETWEEN THE SECURITY FORCES AND THE TWO ATTACKERS, WHO WERE KILLED. VICE PRESIDENT MIKE PENCE STRUCK A SOFTER TONE TODAY, ON THE CRISIS IN VENEZUELA, JUST DAYS AFTER PRESIDENT TRUMP SAID MILITARY ACTION THERE IS AN OPTION. PENCE WAS VISITING COLOMBIA, WHOSE LEADER SAID YESTERDAY MILITARY INTERVENTION "SHOULDN'T EVEN BE CONSIDERED." IN CARTAGENA, PENCE MET WITH PEOPLE WHO'VE FLED THE VENEZUELA UNREST. HE SAID THE U.S. WOULD USE ALL ITS ECONOMIC AND DIPLOMATIC POWER TO RESTORE DEMOCRACY.

>> WE WILL NOT STAND BY WHILE VENEZUELA COLLAPSES INTO DICTATORSHIP. WE WILL NOT STAND BY AS VENEZUELA CRUMBLES. BUT IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE, AS THE PRESIDENT SAID, THAT A FAILED STATE IN VENEZUELA THREATENS THE SECURITY AND PROSPERITY OF OUR ENTIRE HEMISPHERE AND THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

>> Sreenivasan: IN VENEZEULA, THOUSANDS OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORTERS TOOK TO THE STREETS OF CARACAS TO DENOUNCE PRESIDENT TRUMP'S TALK OF A "MILITARY OPTION." EMBATTLED PRESIDENT NICOLAS MADURO JOINED THE CROWD AND CALLED MR. TRUMP AN "EMPEROR." BACK IN THIS COUNTRY, CALIFORNIA IS SUING THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, OVER A THREAT TO WITHHOLD PUBLIC SAFETY MONEY FROM SO-CALLED SANCTUARY CITIES. CALIFORNIA IS THE FIRST STATE TO ENTER THE LEGAL FRAY OVER THE POLICY, JOINING AT LEAST SEVEN CITIES AND COUNTIES. IN SAN FRANCISCO, THE STATE'S ATTORNEY GENERAL, XAVIER BECERRA, SAID THE GOVERNMENT IS UNFAIRLY TARGETING LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT.

>> IT IS HARD TO BELIEVE NOW THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WOULD TRY TO JEOPARDIZE THOSE CRIME FIGHTING FUNDS SIMPLY BECAUSE IT WISHES TO PRESSURE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS TO DO THEIR BIDDING ON FEDERAL IMMIGRATION LAW.

>> Sreenivasan: BECERRA SAID CALIFORNIA'S LAWSUIT WILL BE COORDINATED WITH THE SUIT FILED LAST WEEK BY THE CITY OF SAN FRANCISCO. ON WALL STREET TODAY, TECHNOLOY COMPANIES AND BANKS HELPED STOCKS RE-GAIN SOME OF THE GROUND THEY LOST LAST WEEK. THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE GAINED 135 POINTS TO CLOSE AT 21,993. THE NASDAQ ROSE 83 POINTS. AND THE S&P 500 ADDED 24. STILL TO COME ON THE NEWSHOUR: A DEEPER LOOK AT THE NATION'S RACIAL DIVIDE. INDICATIONS THAT NORTH KOREA OBTAINED ROCKET ENGINES FROM UKRAINE. OUR POLITICS MONDAY TEAM ANALYZES THE PRESIDENT'S RESPONSE TO THREATS AT HOME AND ABROAD, AND MUCH MORE.

>> Sreenivasan: WE RETURN NOW TO THE EVENTS IN CHARLOTTESVILLE OVER THE WEEKEND. JOINING ME NOW IS VANITA GUPTA, PRESIDENT AND C.E.O. OF THE LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND HUMAN RIGHTS. AND GEORGE SELIM. HE'S FORMER DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY. HE LEFT THE CAN'T JUST TEN DAYS AGO. IT'S 2017. LAST YEAR, YOU HELPED RUN THE CIVIL RIGHTS DIVISION UNDER THE FIRST BLACK PRESIDENT. WHAT GOES THROUGH YOUR MIND WHEN YOU SEE FRIDAY NIGHT YOUNG MEMBER HOLDING TORCHES, HAVING A MARCH AND OBVIOUSLY THE EVENTS OF YESTERDAY AS WELL.

>> I THINK ALL THIS ABOUT THE MARCH FRIDAY AND SATURDAY IS THESE FOLKS FELT SO EMBOLDENED THEY WEREN'T WEARING MASKS AND HOODS THEY HAD BEEN IN PRIOR TIMES. OF COURSE, HEARING THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES MAKE THE STATEMENT HE DID SATURDAY WITHOUT SPECIFICALLY CONDEMNING THE WHITE SUPREMACISTS MARCHING IN HIS NAME WITH DAVID DUKE SPECIFICALLY SAYING THEY WERE CARRYING OUT THE PROMISE OF DONALD TRUMP FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER ANONYMOUS STATEMENT FROM THE WHITE HOUSE ON SUNDAY, IT IS DEEPLY TROUBLING THAT WE ARE IN A TIME IN 2017 WHERE TODAY THE NATIONAL NEWS IS COVERING THE NEWS THAT THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES IS ACTUALLY FINALLY CONDEMNED WHITE SUPREMACIST. IT'S SHOCKING. NONE OF THIS IS NORMAL OR SHOULD BE NORMAL BUT WE ALSO KNOWS IT'S AN ADMINISTRATION THAT STEPS OUTSIDE THE OVAL OFFICE. STEVE BANNON IS A STRATEGIC ADVISOR, SEBASTIAN GORKHA AND OTHERS HAVE BEEN PURSUING A POLICY AGENDA THAT WE ARE SEEING PLAY OUT IN VISCERAL TERMS FOR THE REST OF THE COUNTRY.

>> Sreenivasan: GEORGE, IS THIS ACTIVITY, THE SIZES OF THE GROUPS, THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE DOING THIS, IS THAT INCREASING OR WITH REJUST SEEING IT BECAUSE IT'S MORE VISIBLE THANKS TO SOCIAL MEDIA AND OTHER OUTLETS. IT'S BOTH TO BE HONEST. I'M SURE YOU CAN EXPAND ON THIS, BUT LAST YEAR THE ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE PUBLISHED A REPORT WHICH TRACKS A LOT OF DOMESTIC HATE GROUPS AND EXTREMIST MOVEMENTS OF ALL FRONTS, BOTH THOSE OF TERRORIST NATURES STEMMING FROM THE MIDDLE EAST AND DOMESTIC ONES LIKE WE SAW THIS PAST WEEKEND AS WELL. THEY TRACKED THAT 2016 HAD THE HIGHEST RECORDED NUMBER OF HATE REPORTED INCIDENTS AND DEATHS SINCE HISTORY THAT THEY WERE TRACKING THESE INCIDENTS. I THINK THAT'S COUPLED WITH THE FACT THAT, YOU KNOW, THE SPREAD OF THIS HATEFUL IDEOLOGY ON SOCIAL MEDIA AND ONLINE AND OTHER MEANS HAS ACCELERATED THE RACE AND PACE WHICH THIS TYPE OF VENOMOUS IDEOLOGY CONTINUES TO BE SPREAD.

>> Sreenivasan: VANITA GUPTA, YOU'VE HEARD THE PRESIDENT'S WORDS. WHAT ARE THE POLICIES THAT NEED TO BACK THAT UP?

>> AS LONG AS HE HAS PEOPLE LIKE STEVE BANNON AS A STRATEGIC ADVISOR, I THINK HE NEEDS TO REMOVE STEVE BANNON AND SEBASTIAN GORKHA AND ANYONE ELSE THAT OFFICE ARE THE ALT RIGHT. THAT'S NOT ENOUGH. HE HAS BEEN EXCLUDING VAST SWATHS OF AMERICAN POPULATION FROM EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY AND ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY. THERE HAS TO BE POLICY TO FOLLOW UP THE WORDS WHICH WE FINALLY GOT TODAY IN SOME MEASURE. I THINK THAT'S GOT TO BE UNDERSCORED HERE. THIS ISN'T JUST ABOUT WHAT'S HAPPENED IN SHARMTSVILLE. THE IS ABOUT A BROADER POLICY AGENDA WHICH I THINK IS DEEPLY TROUBLING AND IS REALLY DIVIDING AND POLARIZING THE NATION LIKE NEVER BEFORE.

>> Sreenivasan: GEORGE SELIM YOU JUST LEFT THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY RECENTLY AND THERE IS SOME CONCERN THE EFFORTS INSIDE, ESPECIALLY THE COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM TASK FORCE, COULD BE SHIFTED TO FOCUSING ON SOURCES OF TERROR FROM THE ISLAMIC STATE AND ELSEY AND LESS ON THE DOMESTIC TEAR WROR WE WERE TALKING ABOUT POST-SLAFERLS.

>> THERE IS NO QUESTION THAT THE ISLAMIC STATE AND OTHER TERRORIST GROUPS THAT STEMMED FROM THE MIDDLE EAST OR ELSEWHERE ABROAD POSE A SIGNIFICANT THREAT TO THE HOMELAND PUBLIC SAFETY OF AMERICANS AT HOME AND ABROAD, NO QUESTION ABOUT THAT. ONE OF THE POSITIONS I ADVOCATED FOR VERY VIGOROUSLY AT MY TIME AT D.H.S. AND ELSEWHERE IS TO ENSURE THERE'S LEVEL OF PROTECTION, ADDED STEPS TO PREVENT AND INTERVENE IN THE PROCESS OF RADICALIZATION IRRESPECTIVE OF THE IDEOLOGY THAT STEMS FROM IT WHETHER A DOMESTIC HATE GROUP OR INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED FOREIGN TERRORIST ORGANIZATION.

>> Sreenivasan: GEORGE, DO YOU FEEL THAT THE ADMINISTRATION IS STILL COMMITTED TO ROOTING OUT EXTREMISM AND RADICALIZATION WHEREVER IT HAPPENS AND WHATEVER THE CAUSE.

>> THAT'S WHAT THE LIP SERVICE HAS BEEN SO FAR. I THINK WE NEED TO SEPARATE THE RHETORIC FROM REALITY. IF YOU LOOK AT THE STATEMENTS THAT HAVE COME OUT TODAY, I FELLY ENDORSE THE STATEMENT ATTORNEY GENERAL SESSIONS MADE SAYING SOME OF THE ACTIONS BY THE ACCUSED DRIVER OF THE INCIDENT IN CHARLOTTESVILLE IS AN ACT OF DOMESTIC TERRORISM. BUT I THINK WHILE SOME OF THAT RHETORIC IS GREAT, WE NEED TO LOOK AT THE REALITY OF THE BUDGET WHERE PRIORITIES OF BOTH PEOPLE AND FUNDING HAS GONE FOR THE NEXT FISCAL YEAR AND FISCAL YEARS TO COME AND I THINK WE NEED TO TRACK THAT CLOSELY. ONE OF THE THINGS THINGS I LOOK FORWARD TO DOING OUTSIDE OF GOVERNMENT IS ADVOCATING FOR SIGNIFICANT INCREASE OF RESOURCES FROM THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND NOT GOVERNMENT FROM CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR TO DO THIS WORK AT THE STATE, LOCAL AND SPECIFICALLY COMMUNITY BASED LEVEL.

>> Sreenivasan: VANITA GUPTA ONE OF THE THINGS THAT'S INTERESTING IS THE DELINEATION AND CALLING THIS AN ACT OF DOMESTIC TERROR. THERE ARE LEGAL CONSEQUENCES TO THIS. IS THERE ALMOST A NEW CATEGORY WE NEED IN DIFFERENTIATING WHAT IS A CRIME VERSUS AN ACT OF DOMESTIC TERROR BECAUSE IT SEEMS EASY TO CATEGORIZE WHAT IS A TERRORIST ACT WHEN SOMEONE LOOKS A DIFFERENT WAY?

>> THAT'S RIGHT. IT'S INTERESTING THAT THE ATORNEY GENERAL AND IT TOOK A WHILE FOR THE WORDS DOMESTIC TERRORISM TO BE HEARD, DOMESTIC TRIM, THE AFFECT OF CALLING IT THAT, IS ALLOCATING RESOURCES IN THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT. THERE IS A CHARGE OF DOMESTIC TERRORISM NOW THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS TO PURSUE UNLESS IT INVOLVES A WEAPON OF MASS DESTRUCTION WEAPON OF MASS I THINK GEORGE SELIM IS RIGHT TO INVESTIGATE AND MAKE SURE VIOLENT EXTREMISM IS INVESTIGATED NOT JUST WITH REGARD TO I.S.I.S. BUT INCHIEGHT WHITE SUPREMACISTS AND NEO-NAZIS THAT ARE GROWING AND WE NEED TO BE CONCERNED ABOUT BUT ALSO TO CONSIDER WHETHER THERE NEEDS TO BE AN ADDITIONAL CHARGE OF DOMESTIC TERRORISM. I THINKSTHS STILL DEEPLY IMPORTANT FOR PUBLIC OFFICIALS TO RECOGNIZE THESE THINGS AS DOMESTIC TERRORIST ACTS OR INVESTIGATION WHEN THEY'RE ENGAGED BECAUSE THOSE CORDS WARY RESOURCE ALLEGATION CONSEQUENCE FORCE THE WAY HAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WILL NOW INVESTIGATE THE CASE.

>> GEORGE SELIM, WHAT ARE THE GAPS IN RESOURCES THAT YOU SAW THAT STILL NEED TO BE FILLED?

>> SO THIS IS REALLY A CRITICAL QUESTION WHICH BOILS DOWN TO. WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HERE? WHERE DOES THE RESPONSIBILITY OF STATES, LOCALITIES, MUNICIPALITY AND CIVIL SOCIETY SOCIETY REALLY BEGIN AND WHERE DOES THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT STOP? I THINK IN THE PAST DECADE PLUS WE HAVE BEEN IN PUBLIC SERVICE WORKING ON THESE INITIATIVES WE'VE SEEN INCREASED IN THE EVOLUTION OF PROGRAMS AND POLICIES AND INCREASE IN DOLLARS AND PROGRAMS GONE INTO DOMESTIC EFFORTS OF PREVENTING VIOLENT EXTREMISM OF ALL FORMS. IN THE NEXT FISCAL YEAR, WE'VE SEEN A LEVELING OUT IF THE NOT A DECREASE OF SOME SOURCES BUT ON THE OTHER HAND AN INCREASE IN CIVIL SOCIETY AND PRIVATE SECTOR. I WOULD ADVOCATE FOR, I SAW GREAT STATEMENTS BY THE MAYORS OF CHARLOTTESVILLE AND OTHER MAYORS ACROSS THE COUNTRY WHO HAVE BEEN VOARKLE ABOUT THE NEED TO PROTECT THEIR COMMUNITIES AND ENHANCE AND INCREASE LEVEL OF COMMUNITY RESILIENCE IN MUNICIPALITIES AROUND THE COUNTRY AND THAT WORK NEEDS TO INCREASE ON A SIZE AND SCALE THAT'S TEN FOLD TO TODAY.

>> Sreenivasan: GEORGE SELIM, VANITA GUPTA, THANK YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Sreenivasan: NOW, FOR SOME HISTORICAL CONTEXT ON THE SOUTH AND ITS CIVIL WAR HERITAGE. WILLIAM BRANGHAM HAS THAT.

>> Brangham: AS WE REPORTED BEFORE, SATURDAY'S VIOLENCE STARTED ORIGINALLY AS A PROTEST BY WHITE NATIONALISTS OVER PLANS TO REMOVE A STATUE OF CONFEDERATE GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE FROM DOWNTOWN CHARLOTTESVILLE. FOR MORE ON HOW WE CONTINUE TO STRUGGLE WITH THE LEGACY OF THE CIVIL WAR, WE TURN TO HISTORIAN AND AUTHOR EDWARD AYERS. HE'S WRITTEN A NUMBER OF BOOKS ON THE CIVIL WAR AND THE SOUTH. HE ALSO SERVED AS PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND FROM 2007 TO 2015. HE JOINS US FROM THE SITE OF THIS WEEKEND'S VIOLENCE WHERE A MEMORIAL TO VICTIM HEATHER HIGHER HAS SPONTANEOUSLY APPEARED. I WONDER IF YOU COULD GIVE ME YOUR REACTION TO THIS WEEKEND'S EVENTS.

>> FOR SOMEBODY WHO LIVED HERE FOR 27 YEARS AND RAISED THEIR CHILDREN HERE AND ENJOYED THIS BEAUTIFUL SMALL CITY IT'S BOTH HEARTBREAKING AND HARD TO BELIEVE.

>> Brangham: AS WE MENTIONED BEFORE, SATURDAY'S PROTEST BEGAN BY WHITE NATIONALISTS PROTESTING THE PLANS TO REMOVE THE ROBERT E. LEE STATUE. I WONDER IF YOU COULD GIVE US A SENSE, WHY THI THIS STATUE? WHY WERE THEY PUT UP?

>> THEY ARE ALL OVER THE COUNTRY AND CONFEDERATE STATUTES ARE CONCENTRATED IN THE CONFEDERACY. SOME MEMORIALS TO FALLEN CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS BEGAN IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE CIVIL WAR BUT WHAT WE THINK OF AS THESE COCONFEDERATE STATUTES ARE A PRODUCT OF 1890 TO WORLD WAR I PERIOD. SO DECADES GO BY AFTER THE END OF THE CIVIL WAR BEFORE THIS WIDESPREAD EFFORT TO MEMORIALIZE THIS CONFEDERACY APPEARS, AND YOU MIGHT SAY WHY THE LAG? IT'S, IN PART, BECAUSE THAT'S WHEN CON FED RATE VETERANS WERE DYING AND THE UNITED DAUGHTER OF THE CONFE CONFEDERACY MADE SUREY WERE NOT FORGOTTEN AND RAISED MONEY IN SMALL TOWNS AND LARGE CITIES ACROSS THE SOUTH TO PUT UP THESE MEMORIALS TO THE CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS. SOMETIMES THEY WERE GRAND SUCH AS THE ONE PUT UP IN RICHMOND IN 1890 THAT REQUIRED 10,000 PEOPLE TO PULL IT BY ROPE UP THE JAMES RIVER AS IT ARRIVED FROM EUROPE ALL THE WAY TO THE LITTLE SOLITAIRE SOLDIERS THAT STAND IN FRONT OF ISOLATED COURTHOUSES ALL ACROSS THE SOUTH.

>> Brangham: SO HOW DO YOU SUGGEST WE ARE TO RECONCILE WITH THIS PAST? TO MANY, THEY LOOK AT THE STATUTES LIKE THIS ONE IN CHARLOTTESVILLE OF ROBERT E. LEE AND HUNDREDS OF OTHERS AND THEY SEE A MONUMENT TO MEN WHO NOT ONLY OWNED SLAVES BUT FOUGHT TOOTH AND NAIL TO PROTECT THE INSTITUTION OF SLAVERY. WHAT ARE WE TO DO WITH THAT PAST?

>> FOR MOST TO HAVE THE PAST THAT WE'VE HAD SINCE THEN, WHITE SOUTHERNERS HAD TOLD THEMSELVES A STORY IN WHICH SLAVERY DID NOT PLAY A LEADING ROLE IN THIS, AS UNLIKELY AS THAT SEEMS TO US NOW. THE STORY WAS MEN LIKE ROBERT E. LEE HAD RISEN TO FIGHT AGAINST A TYRANNICAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TRYING TO TAKE AWAY THE RIGHTS OF THE STATES AND HAD FOUGHT A VALIANT CAUSE AGAINST MUCH LARGER FORCES AND LOST AND WHEN THEY DID LAID DOWN ARMS IN A GENTLEMANLY WAY. SO SLAVERY WAS BASICALLY WRITTEN OUT OF THE STORY UNTIL RELATIVELY RECENTLY. LOOKING BACK ON IT NOW, AND I THINK THIS IS NOT UNCORRELATED TO THE CONTROVERSIES OVER THE CONFEDERATE FLAGS AND THE DYLANN ROOF KILLINGS THAT UNLEASHED A REACTION AGAINST THAT, PEOPLE HAVE BEEN GROWING TO UNDERSTAND, OF COURSE, EVEN IF THESE INDIVIDUAL SOLDIERS WERE NOT SLAVE HOLDERS, THEY WERE FIGHTING TO DEFEND A NATION BASED ON SLAVERY. ONE THING TO THINK ABOUT, FORGET ABOUT WHATEVER MIGHT HAVE MOTIVATED THESE MEN TO HAVE FOUGHT. THE FACT IS, HAD THEY WON, YOU WOULD HAVE HAD AN INDEPENDENT NATION OVERSEEING THE LARGEST AND MOST POWERFUL SYSTEM OF SLAVERY IN THE MODERN WORLD. THAT'S ONE WAY TO THINK ABOUT IT. BUT I THINK WHAT THESE STATUTES TELL US IS PEOPLE REMEMBER WHAT THEY WANT TO REMEMBER, AND THEN THEY SEE WHAT THEY WANT TO SEE.

>> Brangham: DO YOU THINK THERE IS A WAY TO KEEP THESE MONUMENTS BY WRAPPING THEM IN ENOUGH CONTEXT SO THAT A MODERN AUDIENCE CAN APPRECIATE WHAT THEY STAND FOR? BECAUSE THERE ARE SO MANY PEOPLE AROUND THE COUNTRY WHO NOW ARGUE, TAKE THEM ALL DOWN.

>> YEAH, I THINK BOTH OF THOSE ARE LEGITIMATE ARGUMENTS IN DIFFERENT TIMES AND PLACES. IT IS A FACT THAT, IF PEOPLE UNDERSTOOD WHY THESE MONUMENTS WERE PUT UP WHEN THEY WERE AND WHO PUT THEM UP, FOR WHAT RATIONALE, IT COULD PLAY AN INSTRUCTIVE ROLE. IF PEOPLE UNDERSTOOD THERE IS NOT SUCH A THING CALLED HISTORY AND IT NEVER CHANGES AND THEN WE JUST HONOR IT OR NOT, BUT RECOGNIZE THAT EVERY GENERATION IS GOING TO SEE THESE EVENTS OF 150 YEARS AGO THROUGH DIFFERENT EYES AND, YOU KNOW, THROUGH THE GENERATION SINCE THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT. IT'S HARDER AND HARDER FOR THE OLDER STORY, THE CONFEDERACY AS MERELY A DEFENSE OF STATES' RIGHTS AGAINST THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO STAND. BUT AS WE'VE SEEN, SOME PEOPLE WANT TO HOLD ON TO THAT STORY FOR THEIR OWN PURPOSES TODAY. SO CAN THE MONUMENT SPEAK TO US? YES, THEY CAN. BUT YOU HAVE TO BE VERY CAREFUL ABOUT RECOGNIZING THE STORY THAT THEY TELL.

>> Brangham: EDWARD AYERS, THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Sreenivasan: WE RETURN TO THE NORTH KOREA STORY. KIM JONG UN HAS BEEN BRIEFED ON PLANS OF A MISSILE TEST THAT WOULD SPLASH DOWN NEAR THE U.S. TERRITORY OF GAUM. SECRETARY MATTIS VOWED AS WE REPORTED EARLIER, DEFENSE SECRETARY MATTIS VOWED TODAY TO SHOOT DOWN ANY MISSILE FIRED AT WHERE THE REGIME IS GETTING THE ENGINES FOR ITS NEW MISSILES IS THE SUBJECT OF PROVOCATIVE NEW REPORT. ITS AUTHOR SAYS A FACTORY IN UKRAINE IS THE SOURCE. WE GO TO SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT NICK SCHIFRIN FOR MORE.

>> Reporter: JOINING ME NOW IS MIKE ELLEMAN. HE'S A SENIOR FELLOW FOR MISSILE DEFENSE AT THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES AND A FORMER CONSULTANT TO THE PENTAGON. AND MELISSA HANHAM IS A SENIOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATE AT THE JAMES MARTIN CENTER FOR NONPROLIFERATION STUDIES AT THE MIDDLEBURY INSTITUTE. THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING HERE. MIKE, LET'S START WITH YOU BECAUSE YOU WROTE THE PAPER. YOU COME OUT WITH A NOTION THAT NORTH KOREA HAS ADVANCED FROM MIDDLE-RANGE MISSILES TO ICBMs FAST THAN ANY COUNTRY HAS AND YOUR NOTION IS THEY GOT TECHNOLOGY, THEY STOLE THE TECHNOLOGY, SPECIFICALLY, FROM EASTERN UKRAINE. WHAT'S THE EVIDENCE?

>> THE ENJING THEY ARE USING FOR THE LONGER-RANGE MISSILES HAS AN APPEARANCE THAT'S VERY SIMILAR TO A WELL-KNOWN ENGINE FAMILY THAT ORIGINATES IN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE, AND I'VE TALKED WITH SOURCES THAT ARE -- THAT HAVE BEEN TO SOME FACILITIES IN UKRAINE AND N THE RECENT TIME, AND THEY'VE SEEN THE MODIFICATIONS THAT WOULD HAVE TO BE MADE FROM THIS EXISTING ENGINE OF RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN HERITAGE TO THE ONE WE SEE IN THE NORTH KOREAN MISSILES. AND THAT HAPPENED RATHER RECENTLY, AND ONE EVEN BRAGGED ABOUT HAVING MADE THE TRANSFORMATION OR THE REMODELING OF THE PUMPING SYSTEM. THEN YOU LOOK AT THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENGINE IN TH NORTH KOREAN MISSILES, YOU GET ALMOST A PRECISE MATCH OF CAPABILITY WHEN YOU COMBINE ALL THOSE, IT LEADS ME TO BELIEVE THAT SOURCES IN EITHER UKRAINE OR RUSSIA ALLOWED THESE ENGINES TO MAKE THEIR WAY TO NORTH KOREA.

>> THIS PAPER IS NOT WITHOUT ITS CRITICS AND YOU AND I HAVE DISCUSSED WHETHER THE PAPER ACTUALLY UNDERESTIMATES WHETHER NORTH KOREA ITSELF CAN HAVE BUILT THIS ENGINE RATHER THAN HAVE STOLEN IT.

>> IT'S MORE LIKELY THAT THEY ARE PERHAPS BORROWING SOME DESIGN INFLUENCE BUT NOT ACTUALLY IMPORTING ENGINES AT ALL. I THINK IT'S REALLY COMMON TO BELIEVE THAT NORTH KOREA IS BACKWARDS, THAT, YOU KNOW, ONE OF THE COMMON THEMES WE SEE ARE ITS LIGHTS ARE OFF AT NIGHT. WHAT'S HAPPENING IN NORTH KOREA IS THEY'VE SMALLED THEIR RESOURCES, LIMITED THOUGH THEY, ARE TOWARDS THEIR MILITARY PROGRAM, AND THE NEW ENGINES THAT WE ARE SEEING NOW HAVE MARKED DIFFERENCEN FROM OTHERS AND, IN MANY CASE, I THINK IT IS SAFE TO SAY THEY ARE LARGELY INDIGENOUS, THOUGH THERE ARE COMMONALITIES BETWEEN ALL ENGINES.

>> Sreenivasan: AND, MIKE, WHAT'S WRONG WITH THAT? IS NORTH KOREA NOT CAPABLE OF BUILDING THESE KINDS OF ENGINE OR PERHAPS ARE THERE UKRAINIAN, RUSSIAN WORKERS INSIDE NORTH KOREA?

>> WE HAVEN'T SEEN AN INDIGENOUSLY DEVELOPED ENGINE BEFORE THIS. MOST COUNTRIES START WITH SMALLER ENGINES AND WE BUILD UP TO MUCH LARGER ONES. THE ONE WE'RE TALKING ABOUT HERE THAT'S POWERING THE LONG-RANGE MISSILES GENERATES 40 POUNDS OF THRUST WHICH IS AN ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF ENERGY. ONE WOULD EXPECT THEM TO START OFF WITH SMALLER ENGINES AND INDIGENOUS DESIGN. SO WHEN I LOOK AT THOSE THINGS, IT'S HARD FOR ME TO BELIEVE THE FIRST ENGINE NORTH KOREA EVER MADE PRODUCES THIS MUCH THRUST AND IS SUCCESSFUL IN EACH ONE OF THESE TESTS.

>> Sreenivasan: MEMBERS OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY ECHO MELISSA'S ARGUMENT THAT NORTH KOREA HAS MORE CAPACITY THAN YOU GIVE THEM CREDIT FOR AND THE UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENT HAS COME OUT AGAINST YOUR REPORT TODAY. THE SECRETARY OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE COUNSEL SAID UKRAINE HAS NEVER SUPPLIED ROCKET ENGINES OR ANY MISSILE TECHNOLOGY TO NORTH KOREA. WE BELIEVE THE ANTI-RUSSIA CAMPAIGN IS COVERING THEY ARE PARTICIPATION IN THE NORTH KOREA PROGRAMS. IS IT POSSIBLE THEY'RE WORK ON DOES THE UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENT NOT KNOW?

>> I WOULD ARGUE THEY DON'T KNOW. I SPECIFICALLY SAY IT'S UNLIKELY THE GOVERNMENT ITSELF WAS INVOLVED. I WOULD BE VERY SURPRISED IF EVEN EXECUTIVES FROM THE FACTORY WERE INVOLVED. I THINK THIS IS MORE LIKELY TO BE ROGUE ACTORS. THERE ARE A NUMBER OF ELICIT ARMS TRADERS THROUGHOUT THE FORMER SOVIET UNION INCLUDING RUSSIA, INCLUDING UKRAINE. LET'S NOT FORGET THAT THE LOCATION OF THE FACTORIES IS ONLY A COUPLE HUNDRED KILOMETERS FROM WHERE THERE IS AN ACTIVE BATTLE GOING BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE SEPARATISTS IN EASTERN UKRAINE AND THIS OFTEN GIVES RISE TO ILLICIT MARKETS. I'M NOT SURPRISED THE UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENT IS UPSET ABOUT THE REPORTING BUT I'M JUST TRYING TO REPORT ON THE FACTS AS I KNOW THEM AND I CAN ASSURE YOU I'M NOT WORK FOR THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT.

>> Sreenivasan: MELISSA, IS THERE FEAR FROM YOUR PERSPECTIVE THAT THE LONGER WE ASSUME NORTH KOREANS ARE BACKWARDS AND NOT CAPABLE THE QUICKER WE RUN OUT OF TIME?

>> THEIR MISSILE FACTORY IS FAMOUS FOR PRODUCTION OF MISSILE PARTS AND THEIR PROCUREMENT ACTIVITIES OVER THE LAST FEW YEARS HAVE DEFINITELY SHOWN THEY'VE IMPORTED THE MACHINE TOOLS THAT THEY NEED IN ORDER TO PRODUCE THESE TYPES OF ENGINES AND OTHER PARTS OF MISSILES THAT ARE NEEDED. I DON'T KNOW WHETHER YOU WOULD GET AN ENGINE IF NOT PRODUCED LOCALLY IN NORTH KOREA, FOR EXAMPLE. MANY OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS VISITING FACILITIES ARE UNDERGROUND AND I THINK THAT'S WHY THERE ISN'T A LOT OF TALK ABOUT THEM BUT THEY DO EXIST, AND I THINK, AS YOU MENTIONED EARLIER, THE LONGER WE WAIT IN ORDER TO ENGAGE NORTH KOREA IN NEGOTIATIONS THE MORE LIKELY THEIR TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES AND THE SHEER NUMBERS OF THESE MISSILES AND TRUCKS WILL GO UP.

>> Sreenivasan: THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Sreenivasan: STAY WITH US, COMING UP ON THE NEWSHOUR: UNEARTHING HISTORY-- AN ANCIENT ROMAN TOWN DISCOVERED IN MODERN- DAY FRANCE. AND CANINES CATCH WAVES IN CALIFORNIA. BUT FIRST, WE TURN BACK TO CHARLOTTESVILLE AND THE POLITICAL RESPONSE TO THE WEEKEND VIOLENCE. JOHN YANG HAS THAT.

>> Yang: FOR MORE NOW ON PRESIDENT TRUMP'S REACTION TO THE VIOLENCE IN CHARLOTTESVILLE AND THE RACE TO FILL ATTORNEY GENERAL SESSIONS' SENATE SEAT, IT'S TIME FOR POLITICS MONDAY WITH AMY WALTER OF THE "COOK POLITICAL REPORT" AND SUSAN PAGE, WASHINGTON BUREAU CHIEF OF "USA TODAY." SUSAN, AMY, THANKS FOR JOINING US. AS WE WERE SITTING DOWN, WE THOUGHT THE PRESIDENT WAS DONE TALKING ABOUT CHARLOTTESVILLE. HE JUST TWEETED, MADE ADDITIONAL REMARKS ON CHARLOTTESVILLE AND REALIZE ONCE AGAIN THE FAKE NEWS MEDIA WILL NEVER BE SATISFIED, TRULY BAD PEOPLE. SUSAN, HE'S CLEARLY FRUSTRATED TO THE REACTION OF THIS NEW STATEMENT. WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THIS?

>> I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT THE PRESIDENT MADE THE STATEMENT THIS MORNING WHERE HE SINGLED OUT THE K.K.K. AND NEO-NAZIS FOR THE VIOLENCE IN CHARLOTTESVILLE. THAT'S AN IMPORTANT POINT TO SPEAK FOR THE NAISMGHTS BUT AS MY MOM SAID, NEVER GET A SECOND CHANCE AT A FIRST IMPRESSION. HE SEEMED SATURDAY RELUCTANT TO SINGLE OUT THE GROUPS AND INSTEAD TALKED ABOUT VIOLENCE FROM MANY SIDES. THE TWEET CONTINUES TO REINFORCE THE SENSE THAT HE IS AT LEAST RELUCTANT TO DO THAT.

>> THIS WAS HIS CHANCE TO REALLY LANCE THIS BOIL. IT HAD BEEN BUILDING UP ALL WEEKEND. IT WASN'T JUST FRUSTRATION BY FOLKS ON THE LEFT THAT HE WASN'T SAYING SOMETHING. WITHIN HIS OWN PARTY YOU HAD MEMBERS OF THE SENATE AND LEADERSHIP SAYING YOU NEED TO COME OUT AND SAY SOMETHING. HE MAKES A STATEMENT. ONCE AGAIN, HE TURNS TO HIS ALLY WHICH IS THE MEDIA, HIS ALLY, HIS SPARRING PARTNER. THIS IS A PRESIDENT DEFINED AS MUCH BY HIS ENEMIES AS ALLIES. WHEN THE MEDIA COMES AND GIVES CRITICISM, I THINK HE WAS RESPONDING SPECIFICALLY TO A CNN REPORTER WHO SAID TO HIM, WHY DID YOU NOT DO THIS EARLIER, HE RESPONDED BACK BECAUSE YOU'RE THE FAKE NEWS, AND THERE WAS A SORT OF BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM. SO I THINK IT WAS IN DIRECT RESPONSE TO THAT. BUT AGAIN, IN THE WHOLE, IT IS THE PRESIDENT AT HIS MOST COMFORTABLE WHEN HE'S SPARRING WITH THE MEDIA EVEN AT A TIME WHEN THE FOCUS SHOULD BE ON WHAT HAPPENED IN CHARLOTTESVILLE.

>> Yang: THE PEOPLE WHO ORGANIZED THIS PROTEST OR THE RALLY IN CHARLOTTESVILLE TALKED ABOUT THE NAME DONALD TRUMP IS PART OF THE REASON THEY WERE DOING THIS. SUSAN, THIS ISN'T OVER. THERE ARE A LOT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATUES AROUND THE COUNTRY. HAS HE PUT THIS TO REST AT ALL WHETHER OR NOT HE IS SORT OF ENCOURAGING OR THE PEOPLE ARE TAKING ENCOURAGEMENT FROM HIM?

>> YEAH, A LOT OF THEM ARE MAKING AMERICA GREAT AGAIN AND EMBOLDENED BY HIS CANDIDACY AND THE FACT HE WON THE WHITE HOUSE TO EMBOLD B THEIR EFFORTS AND POINT OF VIEW. MORE THAN 700 CONFEDERATE STATUTES ACROSS THE SOUTH WILL BE PROTEST. WE SAW PROTESTS IN TENNESSEE AND ELSEY. THERE IS LIKELY TO BE THE CONFRONTATIONS WE SAW SO TRAGICALLY IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, HOW WILL THE PRESIDENT RESPOND FORECAST TIME AND ALSO WHAT WILL THE PRESIDENT DO IN TERMS OF POLICIES OF HIS ADMINISTRATION. THE FACT JEFF SESSIONS WAS OUT THERE MUCH MORE FORWARD HAN THE PRESIDENT WAS IN TALKING ABOUT THIS IS BEING AN OUTRAGE THAT HIS CIVIL RIGHTS DIVISION WOULD INVESTIGATE AND THE ATTORNEY GENERAL, UNLIKE THE PRESIDENT, CALLED IT AN ACT OF DOMESTIC TERRORISM.

>> Yang: THE PRESIDENT, THERE IS SO MUCH ABOUT THIS PRESIDENCY THAT'S UNPRECEDENTED. HE WAS THE FIRST ONE TO DECLARE FOR REELECTION ON INAUGURATION DAY AND THIS WEEKEND HE PUT OUT A CAMPAIGN AD FOR THE 2020 ELECTION. LET'S TAKE A LOOK.

>> DEMOCRATS OBSTRUCTING THE MEDIA ATTACKING OUR PRESIDENT, CAREER POLITICIANS STANDING IN THE WAY OF UKES, BUT PRESIDENT TRUMP'S PLAN IS WORKING, 1 MILLION JOBS CREATED, MORE AMERICANS WORKING THAN EVER BEFORE, THE PRESIDENT'S ENEMIES DON'T WANT HIM TO SUCCEED BUT AMERICANS ARE SAYING LET PRESIDENT TRUMP DO HIS JOB.

>> Yang: EVERY CAMPAIGN TRIES TO CREATE A NARRATIVE. WHAT ARE THEY TRYING TO TELL US HERE?

>> THE SAME NARRATIVE OF THE 2016 CAMPAIGN. I'M THE OUTSIDER, I'M GOING TO COME SHAKE THINGS UP TO GET THE ECONOMY BACK IN SHAPE. THE ECONOMY IS DOING QUITE WELL. PEOPLE FEEL GOOD ABOUT THE ECONOMY, THE STOCK MARKET IS DOING WELL. UNEMPLOYMENT IS LOW, YET THE PRESIDENT'S APPROVAL RATING IN THE LATEST GALLUP POLL IS THE LOWEST EVER, DOWN TO 30%, MID TO UPPER 30s IN THE OTHER POLLS. SO STRONG ECONOMY HASN'T TRANSLATED INTO SUPPORT FOR THIS PRESIDENT. HE NEEDS TO GET THE FOCUS BACK ON THOSE THINGS. THE PROBLEM IS HE TAKES HIMSELF OFF MESSAGE EVERY DAY, WHETHER IT'S THE TWEETS, THE CONTROVERSIES, AND HE'S ALSO, IN THIS HAD, THIS ISN'T ABOUT 20/20. THIS IS ABOUT TRYING TO GET HIS APPROVAL RATINGS UP. THEY HAVE BEEN SLIPPING WITH PARTISAN REPORTERS, REPUBLICANS, YOU'VE SEEN A DIP THERE, INDEPENDENTS, THE BOTTOM DROPPED OUT AMONG THOSE VOTERS. SO TRYING TO REMIND PEOPLE, REMEMBER YOU VOTED FOR ME BECAUSE I WAS GOING TO SHAKE THINGS UP AND THINGS WILL BE BETTER, LET'S FOCUS ON THAT.

>> THIS IS A WEAKNESS ON THE PART OF PRESIDENT HE FEELS THE NEED TO AIR FEELINGS IN ADS SIX MONTHS AFTER. HE NEVER TRIED TO REACH OUT TO VOTERS WHO DIDN'T SUPPORT HIM. HE GOT 46% OF THE VOTE, DOWN TO 34% IN THE GALLUP POLL. WE'VE TRUMP VOTERS WHO'VE GONE BACK TO. FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE INTERVIEWS, WE FOUND TRUMP VOTERS SAYING I STILL APPROVE OF HIM BUT I'M CONCERNED ABOUT THIS, I STILL APPROVE OF HIM BUT WHY DID RELOSE ON HEALTHCARE? FOR THE FIRST TIME WE'VE SEEN THE BEGINNING OF CONCERNS AND CAVEATS TON PART OF SOLID TRUMP VOTERS FROM BEFORE AND I THINK THEY FELT THEY NEEDED TO RUN THE AD.

>> Yang: TOMORROW A SPECIAL ELECTION IN ALABAMA TO FILL THE SEAT JEFF SESSIONS LEFT. IT'S A CROWDED REPUBLICAN PRIMARY. BOTH MITCH McCONNELL AND PRESIDENT TRUMP HAVE ENDORSED ONE OF THE CANDIDATES AND YOU WOULD THINK THAT WOULD BE THE END OF IT BUT THAT CANDIDATE, LUTHER STRANGE, THE SENATOR APPOINTED TO FILL THE SEAT, IS HAVING TROUBLE JUST STAYING IN SECOND PLACE TO MAKE IT TO A RUNOFF. WHAT THE GOING ON, AMY?

>> THIS IS A CONTEST NOW IN ALABAMA BETWEEN WHO CAN LOVE DONALD TRUMP THE MOST AND HATE MITCH McCONNELL THE MOST AND HATE LEADERSHIP IN THE ESTABLISHMENT THE MOST. SO LUTHER TRAINING HAS THE STRANGE COMBINATION OF BEING SUPPORTED BY THE INSIDER AND THE OUTSIDER BUT EVEN THAT'S NOT ENOUGH. TRUMP'S ENDORSEMENT WAS PRETTY RECENT. WHAT HIS OPPONENTS IN THIS PRIMARY ARE DOING IS ATTACK LUTHER STRANGE AND REPUBLICANS AT LARGE. THE REPUBLICANS IN WASHINGTON BEING PART OF THE SWAMP, RIGHT? BUT THIS ISN'T NEW, ATTACKING THE ESTABLISHMENT INSIDE A REPUBLICAN PRIMARY. THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON SINCE THE TEA PARTY. WHAT'S DIFFERENT IS THEY NOW HAVE A REPUBLICAN PRESIDENT, AND I THINK MANY REPUBLICANS THOUGHT HAVING A REPUBLICAN PRESIDENT WOULD KIND OF QUELL ALL OF THE FACTIONS WITHIN THE REPUBLICAN PARTY, THEY WERE NO LONGER GOING TO BE FIGHTING AMONGST THEMSELVES, OBVIOUSLY HASN'T DONE THAT.

>> VOTERS ARE CLEARLY READY TO CONTINUE TO BE DISRUPTIVE.

>> RIGHT. THE IDEA WE THINK MOORE WILL WIN THE PRIMARY, MAYBE NOT, HOPEFULLY WILL HOLD 50% SO HE DOESN'T GET THE NOMINATION WITHOUT A RUNOFF. THAT IS A SIGN VARIETIES ARE SAYING WE'RE NOT GOING TO PAY ATTENTION TO THE ADVICE OF PEOPLE IN CHARGE, WE STILL WANT TO SHAKE THINGS UP.

>> Yang: SUSAN PAGE, AMY WALTER, "POLITICS MONDAY." THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Sreenivasan: ARCHAEOLOGISTS ARE RACING AGAINST TIME TO SAVE ARTIFACTS FROM WHAT IS BEING DESCRIBED AS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT FIND OF ROMAN RUINS IN THE PAST HALF CENTURY. THEY'RE LOCATED IN EASTERN FRANCE, AND THE DISCOVERY IS BEING HAILED AS A MINI POMPEII, THE ROMAN TOWN NEAR NAPLES IN ITALY THAT WAS DESTROYED IN 79 A.D. BY THE VOLCANO, MT. VESUVIUS. FROM THE SITE OF THE DIG, SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT MALCOLM BRABANT REPORTS.

>> Reporter: 2,000 YEARS AGO, THIS CORNER OF WHAT IS NOW EASTERN FRANCE WAS ON THE FRINGES OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. THE ONLY CONSTANTS OVER TWO MILLENNIA ARE THE MOON AND THE RIVER RHONE WITH ITS TRANSPORT LINKS, WHICH DREW THE ROMANS HERE. IN THE VILLAGE OF SAINT COLOMBE, RIGHT NEXT TO THE RHONE, ARCHAEOLOGIST CATHERINE DU PINET IS WORKING TO EXTRACT THE RUSTING IRON ARMOR BELONGING TO WHAT'S BELIEVED TO HAVE BEEN A RETIRED ROMAN OFFICER.

>> ( translated ): IT'S REALLY DIFFICULT BECAUSE ITS LOCATED IN THE REMAINS OF A SHOP, IT'S SURROUNDED BY A LAYER OF SOIL, TILE AND BRICK THAT WAS BURNED AND IS REALLY HARD. THIS IS VERY FRAGILE AND ITS COMPLICATED TO GET IT OUT.

>> Reporter: THIS HAS BEEN A VERY PRODUCTIVE DAY FOR ARCHEOLOGIST BENJAMIN CLEMENT WHO'S LEADING THIS DIG.

>> SO HERE WE JUST FOUND ALL THE PIECES OF A HUGE ARMOR OF THE 1ST CENTURY A.D. HERE WE HAVE A LITTLE PART OF A BELT, YOU KNOW. AND THIS KIND OF DECORATION COMES FROM A LITTLE BELT ON THE FRONT OF THE ARMOR. HERE YOU HAVE ALL THE PARTS OF THE ARMOR, ALL THE LITTLE PIECES WHO COME FROM IT. WE JUST FIND 10 MINUTES AGO A LITTLE WEAPON-- A LITTLE SWORD. I'LL JUST SHOW YOU. IF YOU COME TO SEE HERE WE HAVE ALL THE PROTECT-- THE PROTECTION FOR THE SHOULDER.

>> Reporter: THIS SITE IS BEING DESCRIBED AS PERHAPS THE MOST IMPORTANT DISCOVERY OF ROMAN REMAINS IN THE PAST FIFTY YEARS. SOME OF THE ARTIFACTS APPARENTLY MATCH THE BEAUTY OF THOSE FOUND IN POMPEII, ESPECIALLY THE MOSAIC FLOORS OF HOUSES BELONGING TO THE ROMAN UPPER CLASSES. BUT THE MOST PRECIOUS ONES ARE NO LONGER VISIBLE. THEY WERE REMOVED BY THE ARCHAEOLOGISTS BEFORE THEY WENT PUBLIC ABOUT THE SITE, BECAUSE, AS CULTURE MINISTRY OFFICIAL MARIE AGNES GAIDON BUNUEL EXPLAINS, THEY WERE WORRIED ABOUT THEFT.

>> ( translated ): THERE HAS BEEN AN INCREASE IN CLANDESTINE TREASURE HUNTING IN FRANCE THESE LAST FEW YEARS, WITH OBJECTS BEING RECLAIMED FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES, WHICH WE ARE NOT HAPPY ABOUT AT ALL. THE MINISTER FOR CULTURE IS TRYING TO FIGHT AGAINST THE PRACTICE, BECAUSE THE REMOVAL OF THESE ARTIFACTS FROM THEIR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SETTING PREVENTS US FROM DATING THE SITE, AND THEY ARE BEING ACTIVELY MARKETED OUTSIDE FRANCE.

>> Reporter: BUT SOME OF THE MORE VISUALLY MUNDANE ANTIQUITIES LIKE CLAY POTS REMAIN. THIS CLUSTER WAS FOUND IN THE ROMAN EQUIVALENT OF A DELICATESSEN.

>> MOSAICS IS REALLY INTERESTING BECAUSE IT'S PART OF ART, YOU KNOW. IT'S LIKE A STATUE. BUT FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE WAY OF LIVING OF ROMAN PEOPLE MOSTLY FOR THE MIDDLE CLASS AND LOWER CLASS POPULATION, TO FIND THIS STRUCTURE IS MORE INTERESTING BECAUSE IT'S A CHANCE TO UNDERSTAND HOW THEY LIVE AND HOW THEY DO FOR COOKING, EATING.

>> Reporter: THE FACT THAT THESE TREASURES WERE FOUND AT ALL IS DUE TO A FRENCH LAW THAT REQUIRES DEVELOPERS TO EXCAVATE AREAS WHERE THE AUTHORITIES ARE CONFIDENT THAT ANTIQUITIES MAY BE BURIED JUST BENEATH THE SURFACE. THE TOWN OF VIENNE AND ITS SURROUNDINGS ARE PRIME HISTORICAL REAL ESTATE. ONE OF THE BEST PRESERVED ROMAN TEMPLES IS SITUATED IN THE HEART OF VIENNE, AND IN THE SUMMER MONTHS, ITS CITIZENS, MANY OF THEM, NO DOUBT DESCENDANTS OF THE ROMANS DANCE AND INDULGE IN THE AGE OLD CENTURY HABIT OF WORSHIPPING BACCHUS, THE ROMAN GOD OF WINE AND DRINK. LIKE POMPEII, THE ROMAN ENCLAVE AT ST COLOMBE HAD ITS OWN DISASTER. NOT A VOLCANO, BUT A COUPLE OF INFERNOS. UNLIKE POMPEII, THE INHABITANTS HERE, MANAGED TO ESCAPE, AND AS BENJAMIN CLEMENT EXPLAINS, FIRE HAS SIMILAR PRESERVATIVE QUALITIES TO LAVA.

>> THE COMPARISON WITH POMPEII COMES FROM THE FACT WE HAVE TWO BIG FIRES, WHICH DESTROY ALL THE NEIGHBORHOOD. THE FIRST ONE IN THE BEGINNING OF THE 2nd CENTURY A.D., AND THE SECOND ONE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 3rd CENTURY A.D. THESE HUGE FIRES PRESERVED, FROZE, ALL THE STRUCTURES, ALL THE FURNITURE, THE ARTIFACTS IN THE HOUSES, IN THE SHOPS IN THE PUBLIC SPACE. AND IT'S EXACTLY THE SAME THING AS IN POMPEII.

>> Reporter: BUT ROMAN

>> Reporter: BUT ROMAN ANTIQUITIES SPECIALIST ELSA DIAS, FROM PORTUGAL, IS SADDENED THAT SOON THIS ROMAN TREASURE WILL DISAPPEAR FROM VIEW.

>> IT'S A ONE TIME IN YOUR LIFE OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE A PLACE LIKE THIS. YOU HAVE TO BE PASSIONATE TO BE AN ARCHAEOLOGIST. WHEN YOU SEE THE WORK WE DO, YOU HAVE TO BE PASSIONATE. IT'S REALLY PHYSICAL AND WE DIG WHEN IT RAINS, WHEN IT POURS. AND THE SITE, IT'S AN EXCEPTIONAL SITE BECAUSE IN FRANCE THERE IS NOTHING LIKE THIS. PERSONALLY I WOULD PRESERVE EVERYTHING, BUT WE KNOW THAT IN THE WORLD THAT WE LIVE IN IT'S NOT POSSIBLE. SO PEOPLE HAVE TO LIVE SOMEWHERE. SOMEONE ELSE IS GOING TO LIVE HERE AFTER THE ROMANS.

>> Reporter: AT THE END OF THE WORKING DAY, AS HIS COLLEAGUES DUST DOWN THE SHOULDER ARMOR, BENJAMIN CLEMENT BRINGS OUT THE SHORT SWORD, THAT MAY HAVE KILLED BRITISH TRIBESMEN AS THE EMPEROR CLAUDIUS EXPANDED THE ROMAN EMPIRE.

>> IT'S ALWAYS A RACE AGAINST TIME WHEN YOU ARE-- WHEN YOU MAKE ARCHAEOLOGICAL DECLARATION BEFORE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION BECAUSE YOU HAVE TO DEAL WITH OTHER PRIORITY AND NOT SCIENTIFIC OR ARCHAEOLOGICAL PRIORITY, AND IT'S REALLY HARD BUT IT'S A PART OF OUR WORK, AND IT'S A PART REALLY INTERESTING OF OUR WORK.

>> Reporter: THE ARMOR AND ALL THE OTHER ARTIFACTS RECOVERED FROM THIS DIG WILL PROBABLY BE DISPLAYED IN A MUSEUM NEARBY, ENRICHING THE CULTURAL VALUE OF VIENNES. AMONGST ITS MORE UNUSUAL TREASURES, A PYRAMID THAT SOME CLAIM WAS PREPARED AS A MAUSOLEUM FOR PONTIUS PILATE, WHO ORDERED THE CRUCIFIXION OF JESUS CHRIST. BUT ACCORDING TO THE TEAM HERE, THAT IS FAKE ANCIENT NEWS. A REAL ROMAN MYTH. FOR THE PBS NEWSHOUR, I'M MALCOLM BRABANT.

>> Sreenivasan: NOW TO OUR NEWSHOUR SHARES, SOMETHING THAT CAUGHT OUR EYE THAT MAY BE OF INTEREST TO YOU, TOO. A UNIQUE SURF COMPETITION WAS HELD NEAR SAN FRANCISCO EARLIER THIS MONTH. THE PARTICIPANTS WEREN'T YOUR NORMAL WAVERIDERS, BUT THEIR FOUR-LEGGED FRIENDS. LAURA KLIVANS OF PBS STATION KQED WAS THERE AND SENT ALONG THESE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS.

>> THE SURF DAY IN THE LARGE DOG COMPETITION HOPEFULLY WILL PUT A SMILE ON A LOT OF PEOPLE'S FACES.

>> WHOO! GIDGET HAS BEEN SURFING THREE YEARS. I TOOK HER ON PADDLE BOARDING AND THREW HER ON A SURF BOARD AND SHE BALANCED AND TOOK OFF. (CHEERING)

>> SHE'S BEEN DOING THIS FOR TEN YEARS. THE LONGEST COMPETING SURF DOG. SHE HAS TWO RECORDS FOR THE LONGEST WAVE RID BIN A DOG IN OPEN WATER BY HERSELF. SHE STARTED THIS FOUR OR FIVE YEARS AGO. WELL, TODAY, HOPEFULLY, HE WILL PLACE. SHE ALWAYS SURFS THE MEDIUM DOGS. (CHEERING) (CHEERING) (LAUGHTER)

>> A REALLY COOL SPORT. IT'S ABOUT THE BEST THING YOU CAN DO WITH YOUR DOG.

>> THAT'S ABOUT AS CUTE AS WE EXPECTED THAT STORY TO BE. THAT'S THE "NewsHour" FOR TONIGHT. AND THAT'S THE NEWSHOUR FOR TONIGHT. ON TUESDAY, OUR MAKING THE GRADE TEAM LOOKS AT THE GROWING TREND OF GETTING PRESCHOOLERS OUT OF THE CLASSROOM AND INTO THE GREAT OUTDOORS. I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. MORROW EVENING. AND AGAIN HERE WSHOUR, THANK YOU AND SEE YOU SOON.

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>> AND BY THE ALFRED P. SLOAN FOUNDATION. SUPPORTING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND IMPROVED ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND FINANCIAL LITERACY IN THE 21ST CENTURY.

>> SUPPORTED BY THE JOHN D. AND CATHERINE T. MacARTHUR FOUNDATION. COMMITTED TO BUILDING A MORE JUST, VERDANT AND PEACEFUL WORLD. MORE INFORMATION AT macfound.org

>> AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS

>> THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING. AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. Captioning sponsored by NEWSHOUR PRODUCTIONS, LLC Captioned by Media Access Group at WGBH access.wgbh.org

>> Rose: WELCOME TO THE PROGRAM. TONIGHT WE BEGIN WITH JOHN DICKERSON OF CBS NEWS AND HOST OF "FACE THE NATION."

>> WELL, THAT QUESTION OF WHAT IS GOING ON IN THE MIND OF THE NORTH KOREAN LEADER IS CRUCIAL, AND YOU'VE HIT ON EXACTLY THE RIGHT THING BECAUSE IF THEY THINK HE IS A RATIONAL ACTOR, THEN ALL OF THIS BLUSTER WHICH HAS A LONG TRADITION IN NORTH KOREA IS TOWARDS A SHORT-TERM GOAL. NOW, IF THEY EVALUATE HIM AND SAY, THE REASON HE WANTS TO HAVE A NUCLEAR WEAPON IS SO HE CAN REUNITE THE PENNSULA AND USE IT TO BLACK MAIL OTHER COUNTRIES, BLACK MAIL THE UNITED STATES, THEN THAT IS AN ARGUMENT FOR PREEMPTIVE ACTION.

>> Rose: WE CONCLUDE WITH JESSICA WILLIAMS, COMEDIAN, ACTOR AND PRODUCER BEHIND THE HOD CAST "2 DOPE QUEENS" AND THE NETFLIX FILM, "2 DOP