PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : July 25, 2015 5:30pm-6:01pm PDT
- Transcript
Captioning sponsored by WNET
>> Sreenivasan: ON THIS EDITION FOR SATURDAY, JULY 25: TURKEY BEGINS AIRSTRIKES AGAINST ISIS: WHAT THAT MEANS FOR THE UNITED STATES. IS THE SO-CALLED SHARING ECONOMY REALLY WORKING FOR ITS WORKERS?
>> I'M TRYING TO BE FLEXIBLE AROUND A PART-TIME JOB AND ANOTHER GIG AND ANOTHER GIG, BECAUSE THERE'S NOT ENOUGH FULL- TIME JOBS OUT THERE.
>> Sreenivasan: AND, THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF DYLAN GOING ELECTRIC. NEXT ON PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND.
>> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY: CORPORATE FUNDING IS PROVIDED BY MUTUAL OF AMERICA-- DESIGNING CUSTOMIZED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS. THAT'S WHY WE ARE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY: AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. FROM THE TISCH WNET STUDIOS IN LINCOLN CENTER IN NEW YORK, HARI SREENIVASAN.
>> Sreenivasan: GOOD EVENING AND THANKS FOR JOINING US. FOR THE FIRST TIME TURKEY IS JOINING U.S.-LED AIRSTRIKES IN SYRIA TARGETING ISLAMIC STATE EXTREMISTS, OR ISIS. THE TURKISH GOVERNMENT SAYS OVER THE LAST TWO DAYS ITS F-16 AIRCRAFT HAVE ATTACKED MULTIPLE ISIS LOCATIONS, LESS THAN EIGHT MILES FROM TURKEY'S SOUTHERN BORDER WITH SYRIA. TURKEY'S STEPPED-UP ROLE FOLLOWS THIS WEEK'S SUICIDE BOMBING BY ISIS THAT KILLED 32 PEOPLE IN THE TURKISH TOWN OF SURUC. TURKISH FORCES HAVE ALSO ATTACKED KURDISH MILITANTS ACROSS THE BORDER WITH IRAQ. AT THE SAME TIME, THEY HAVE ARRESTED NEARLY 600 PEOPLE SUSPECTED OF BEING ISIS OR KURDISH MILITANTS. TURKEY'S PRIME MINISTER SAYS BOTH MILITARY OPERATIONS, IN SYRIA AND IRAQ, WILL CONTINUE.
>> ( translated ): TURKEY'S OPERATIONS WILL, IF NEEDED CONTINUE UNTIL THE TERROR ORGANIZATION'S COMMAND CENTERS, ALL LOCATIONS WHERE THEY PLAN ATTACKS AGAINST TURKEY, AND ALL DEPOTS USED TO STORE ARMS TO BE USED AGAINST TURKEY ARE DESTROYED.
>> Sreenivasan: THE U.S. AND NATO HAVE PRESSURED TURKEY FOR MONTHS TO JOIN THE MILITARY COALITION AGAINST ISIS. SO WHAT DOES TURKEY'S NEW MILITARY ACTION MEAN? REUTERS REPORTER AYLA JEAN YACKLEY JOINS ME FROM ISTANBUL TO DISCUSS THAT. SO WHAT WAS IT THAT PUSHED TURKEY INTO THIS FIGHT?
>> WELL AS YOU MENTIONED, EARLIER THIS WEEK, THERE WAS A SUICIDE BOMB ATTACK IN A TOWN CALLED SURUC ACROSS THE BORDER FROM SYRIA, AND THAT SENT SHOCK WAVES THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. THAT WAS NOT THE FIRST ATTACK BY ISLAMIC STATE ON TURKISH TERRITORY BUT IT WAS BY FAR THE MOST SIGNIFICANT AND DEADLIEST AND IT HAD TO BE A FACTOR IN TURKEY'S DECISION TO MOVE CLOSER IN ALLIANCE WITH THE ALLY THE UNITED STATES.
>> Sreenivasan: WE TALKED ABOUT TWO SET OF TARGETS HERE THAT TUEY IS FOCUSING ON -- ISIS AND KURDISH SEPARATISTS. THEY CALL THEM A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION. ONE PERSON'S TERRORIST ORGANIZATION IS ANOTHER PERSON'S FREEDOM FIGHTER, RIGHT. WHAT'S HAPPENING ACROSS THAT FRONT? THE PKKIS ALSO DEEMED A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION BY THE UNITED STATES, AS WELL AS THE EUROPEAN UNION. BUT THE P.K.K., OR AT LEAST FORCES ALLIED WITH THE P.K.K., IN NORTHERN SYRIA HAVE BEEN COORDINATING WITH THE UNITED STATES IN ITS CAMPAIGN AGAINST ISLAMIC STATE, BUT TURKEY'S NEVER CHANGED ITS STANCE TOWARDS THE P.K.P. IT HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN A PEACE PROCESS WITH THE P.K.K. IN WHICH THERE'S BEEN VERY SLOW-MOVING TALKS BETWEEN THE TWO SIDES SINCE LATE 2012. HOWEVER, IT VERY MUCH CONSIDERS THEM A THREAT TO NATIONAL SECURITY.
>> Sreenivasan: WHAT HAPPENS ON THE GROUND IN TURK WETHIS ROUND-UP OF 600 DIFFERENT ARRESTS? WHAT DOES THAT DO TO THE KURDISH POPULATION IN THERE IN STBL OR OTHER PLACES?
>> IT VERY MUCH ESCALATES TENSIONS AND CONCERNS? THE P.K.K. SAID THE STRIKES EFFECTIVELY END THE PEACE PROCESS, SO THERE'S A REAL FEAR THAT THINGS COULD TURN VIOLENT AGAIN.
>> Sreenivasan: SO THIS IS ALSO ON THE HEELS OF THE U.S. KIND OF GETTING UPGRADED ACCESS TO TURKISH AIR BASSES ALONG THE BORDER WITH SYRIA. THERE WERE DRONES FLYING OUT OF IT BUT NOW U.S. FIGHTER JETS CAN FLY. HOW SIGNIFICANT IS THAT?
>> AS PENTAGON OFFICIALS HAVE DESIGNEDOFFICIALS HAVEDESCRIBED IT, IT'S A BIG DEAL. IT REDUCES THE AMOUNT OF TIME TO REACH ITS TARGETS IN SYRIA AND IRAQ. IT'S HUGE. IT'S ALSO SYMBOLICALLY VERY IMPORTANT, TOO, TO HAVE YOUR STALWART NATO ALLY TURKEY FINALLY FULLY ON BOARD IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE ISLAMIC STATE WHICH THE U.S. HAS BEEN SEEKING WELL WELL OVER-- ALLEVIATE A YEAR NOU.
>> Sreenivasan: AYLA JEAN YACKLEY FROM REUTERS JOINING US BY SKYPE FROM ISTANBUL. THANK YOU VERY MUCH.
>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.
>> Sreenivasan: SYRIAN PRESIDENT BASHAR AL-ASSAD IS TRYING TO ADD REINFORCEMENTS TO HIS DEPLETED GOVERNMENT FORCES BY OFFERING AMNESTY TO MILITARY DESERTERS. SYRIA REQUIRES ITS MALE CIZENS TO JOIN THE ARMY BUT TENS OF THOUSANDS HAVE DODGED THAT RULE SINCE THE COUNTRY'S CIVIL WAR BEGAN FOUR YEARS AGO. MANY FLED THE COUNTRY OR JOINED ANTI-GOVERNMENT REBELS. ASSAD SAYS DERTERS HAVE TWO MONTHS TO TURN THEMSELVES IN AND AVOID IMPRISONMENT. GOVERNMENT TROOPS ARE FIGHTING REBELS IN THE NORTHWEST PART OF THE COUNTRY AND TRYING TO RETAKE THE ANCIENT CITY OF PALMYRA IN CENTRAL SYRIA FROM ISIS. IN KENYA, PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA IS VOWING TO WEAKEN ISLAMIC MILITANTS BASED IN NEIGHBORING SOMALIA. ON HIS VISIT TODAY, THE PRESIDENT ALSO VOICED SUPPORT FOR GAY RIGHTS IN A NATION WHERE GAY SEX IS OUTLAWED. HIS FOCUS WAS MEETING KENYAN PRESIDENT UHURU KENYATTA ABOUT IMPROVING TRADE, AND ATTENDING A GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUMMIT IN NAIROBI WITH OFFICIALS AND BUSINESS LEADERS FROM 120 COUNTRIES.
>> AND THAT CREATES INCREDIBLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR AFRICANS AND FOR THE WORLD. IT MEANS MORE GROWTH AND TRADE THAT CREATES JOBS IN ALL OUR COUNTRIES. IT'S GOOD FOR ALL OF US. THIS CONTINENT NEEDS TO BE A FUTURE HUB OF GLOBAL GROWTH NOT JUST AFRICAN GROWTH.
>> Sreenivasan: THE PRESIDENT HAD A PRIVATE DINNER WITH HIS EXTENDED FAMILY LAST NIGHT. HIS FATHER WAS FROM KENYA. THE NEXT STOP ON HIS FOURTH AFRICAN TRIP AS PRESIDENT IS ETHIOPIA. HILLARY CLINTON SAYS SHE WILL TESTIFY AGAIN BEFORE CONGRESS ABOUT THE BENGHAZI, LIBYA TERRORIST ATTACK THAT KILLED FOUR AMERICANS IN 2012, WHEN SHE WAS SECRETARY OF STATE. MRS. CLINTON WILL BE QUESTIONED AT A PUBLIC HEARING, IN OCTOBER BEFORE A SPECIAL HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PANEL PROBING THE ATTACK. CLINTON PREVIOUSLY TESTIFIED ABOUT BENGHAZI BEFORE A SENATE COMMITTEE BACK IN 2013. CLINTON SAYS SHE HAD NO ROLE IN SECURITY DECISIONS SURROUNDING THE U.S. CONSULATE IN LIBYA WHERE THE ATTACK OCCURRED. THE HOUSE COMMITTEE IS ALSO DEMANDING HILLARY CLINTON TURN OVER THE PERSONAL EMAIL SERVER SHE USED WHILE SHE RAN THE STATE DEPARTMENT. SHE HAS RELEASED 30,000 EMAILS, BUT SHE EXCLUDED PRIVATE MESSAGES. TWO INSPECTORS GENERAL HAVE STATED SOME OF THOSE EMAILS CONTAINED CLASSIFIED INFORMATION.
>> Sreenivasan: IN TONIGHT'S SIGNATURE SEGMENT, WE BEGIN A SERIES OF REPORTS ON THE SO- CALLED SHARING ECONOMY-- THE WAYS IN WHICH TECHNOLOGY, AND OUR INCREASINGLY MOBILE LIFE IS CHANGING HOW WE DO BUSINESS. ESTIMATES ARE THAT INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS, OR FREELANCERS RANGE FROM 13% TO 34% OF THE AMERICAN WORKFORCE, OFTEN MAKING THEIR OWN SCHEDULES AND WORKING PROJECT BY PROJECT. FROM THE TAP OF A SMARTPHONE APP, A GROWING NUMBER OF COMPANIES ARE USING INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS TO DO EVERYTHING FROM CLEAN YOUR HOUSE TO GIVE YOU A RIDE, LEADING TO A SIMPLE QUESTION: ARE THOSE WORKERS TRULY INDEPENDENT, OR ARE THEY ESSENTIALLY EMPLOYEES? AND DO OUR DEFINITIONS OF WHAT CONSTITUTES A WORKER NEED TO CHANGE WITH THE TIMES?
>> Reporter: KAITLIN HARRIS' JOB IS TO SHOP.
>> USUALLY YOU START WITH PRODUCE.
>> Reporter: SHE HAND-PICKS ITEMS, OFTEN AT THIS WHOLE FOODS OUTSIDE BOSTON. FOOD THAT OTHER PEOPLE ORDER ONLINE.
>> I COULDN'T FIND THE CHEESE THAT THE CUSTOMER ASKED FOR, SO I'M GOING TO GET A REPLACEMENT FOR THEM.
>> Reporter: HARRIS WORKS FOR INSTACART WHICH GUARANTEES GROCERY DELIVERIES TO YOUR HOME IN AS LITTLE AS AN HOUR. THE THREE-YEAR-OLD COMPANY OFFERS ITS SERVICE IN 16 CITIES AND PARTNERS WITH LOCAL STORES, INCLUDING BIG CHAIN RETAILERS LIKE COSTCO AND WHOLE FOODS. INSTACART USED TO CONSIDER ITS SHOPPERS, LIKE HARRIS, INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS, NOT EMPLOYEES. WORKERS DIDN'T EARN ANY BENEFITS, BUT THE JOB WAS FLEXIBLE. THEY COULD CHOOSE TO WORK AS MUCH OR AS LITTLE AS THEY WANTED AND GOT PAID BY THE TASK. BUT LAST MONTH INSTACART ANNOUNCED A BIG CHANGE: SHOPPERS IN SOME MARKETS, INCLUDING BOSTON, WOULD HAVE THE OPTION TO BECOME EMPLOYEES.
>> I WAS HAPPY TO HEAR THAT I WAS BROUGHT ON AS AN EMPLOYEE.
>> Reporter: FOR HARRIS, A COLLEGE STUDENT WHO WORKS 20 HOURS A WEEK, BEING AN EMPLOYEE MEANS A GUARANTEED PAYCHECK, NOT HAVING TO WORRY ABOUT SETTING ASIDE MONEY TO PAY HER OWN TAXES, AND A STABLE SCHEDULE.
>> I LIKE TO HAVE A SET SHIFT FOR THE WEEK AND BE ABLE TO GO OFF OF THAT FOR HOW MY WEEK IS GONNA GO. I LIKE THAT TYPE OF THING, AS OPPOSED TO PICKING UP A SHIFT HERE AND THERE.
>> Reporter: I SPOKE TO ANDREA SAUL, INSTACART'S HEAD OF COMMUNICATIONS, VIA GOOGLE HANGOUT AT THE COMPANY'S SAN FRANCISCO HEADQUARTERS AND ASKED WHY INSTACART DECIDED TO ALLOW THEIR SHOPPERS BE EMPLOYEES.
>> WHEN YOU LOOK AT SHOPPING, AND GROCERY SHOPPING IN PARTICULAR, IT CAN BE REALLY DIFFICULT. FOR INSTANCE, PICKING FRESH PRODUCE, OR ITEMS THAT ARE PRONE TO BREAKING, LIKE EGGS. THERE ARE A LOT OF DIFFERENT DECISIONS THAT THAT GO INTO THAT, MINUTE-BY-MINUTE WHEN YOU'RE FULFILLING AN ORDER AS A SHOPPER. WITH THE SHOPPERS, WE REALLY SAW THAT THE SUPERVISION, OVERSIGHT AND TRAINING COULD REALLY IMPROVE THEIR JOBS.
>> Reporter: THE COMPANY SAYS IT COULD ONLY PROVIDE THIS LAYER OF MANAGEMENT ONLY WITH EMPLOYEES. SO THIS HAS TO BE MORE EXPENSIVE. YOU HAVE TO PAY SOCIAL SECURITY TAX, MEDICARE WORKER'S COMPENSATION, RIGHT? I MEAN, DOES IT MAKE ECONOMIC SENSE FOR THE COMPANY?
>> WE ARE INCURRING ADDITIONAL COSTS. BUT WE DECIDED WAS THAT THE ADDITIONAL COSTS THAT WE WERE INCURRING ON THE FRONT END TO PLOY THESE ADDITIONAL PEOPLE IS WORTH IT FOR THE CUSTOMER SERVICE IN THE LONG END, IN THE LONG RUN.
>> Reporter: INSTACART SAYS SHOPPERS WHO BECOME EMPLOYEES WILL BE PART-TIMERS WORKING ABOUT 20 TO 30 HOURS A WEEKOR UP TO $15 AN HOUR. BUT NOT ALL INSTACART WORKERS WILL HAVE THE OPTION TO BECOME EMPLOYEES. DRIVERS WHO DELIVER THE GROCERIES THAT HARRIS AND OTHER SHOPPERS GATHER, WILL REMAIN INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS, SAUL SAYS, BECAUSE DRIVING DOESN'T REQUIRE THE SAME DECISION-MAKING AS SHOPPING.
>> RIGHT NOW, THIS IS A MODEL THAT WE'RE EXPERIMENTING WITH, AND IT COULD CHANGE IN THE FUTURE.
>> Reporter: HEATHER SQUIRE HAS WORKED FOR INSTACART, SHOPPING AND DELIVERING GROCERIES, IN PHILADELPHIA. BUT AFTER TAKING A CLOSE LOOK AT HER EARNINGS AND HER EXPENSES, INCLUDING GAS, WEAR AND TEAR ON HER CAR, AND PARKING, THE JOB DIDN'T MAKE SENSE.
>> I DISCOVERED THAT I WAS GETTING SCREWED, IS WHAT I FELT. I FELT ANGRY. I DIDN'T THINK-- I DIDN'T THINK IT WAS THAT BAD. I DID NOT THINK IT WOULD, YOU KNOW, BE, YOU KNOW, BELOW MINIMUM WAGE.
>> Reporter: AFTER A FEW WEEKS WITH INSTACART, SQUIRE CALCULATED, SHE HAD EARNED ABOUT SIX DOLLARS AN HOUR, AFTER TAXES, AND DECIDED TO QUIT. SQUIRE SAYS A SET HOURLY WAGE WOULD OUTWEIGH THE FREEDOM OF BEING A CONTRACTOR.
>> SO IT'S A LITTLE BIT MISLEADING TO SAY THAT, "OH, THE FLEXIBILITY." IT'S LIKE, THAT'S GOOD, BUT WHY DO WE HAVE TO BE FLEXIBLE? I'M TRYING TO BE FLEXIBLE AROUND A PART-TIME JOB AND ANOTHER GIG AND ANOTHER GIG, BECAUSE THERE'S NOT ENOUGH, YOU KNOW, GOOD PAYING FULL-TIME JOBS OUT THERE.
>> Reporter: WHILE INSTACART IS NOW CLASSIFYING SOME WORKERS AS EMPLOYEES, NO COMPANY HAS BEEN MORE AT THE CENTER OF THE DEBATE THAN ON-DEMAND CAR SERVICE UBER. AVAILABLE IN HUNDREDS OF CITIES AROUND THE WORLD, UBER SAYS IT IS SIMPLY A TECHNOLOGY COMPANY THAT MATCHES RIDERS WITH DRIVERS, AND ITS DRIVERS ARE INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS.
>> COMPANIES ENGAGE IN ALL KINDS OF LINGUISTIC GYMNASTICS TO TRY TO DENY THE OBVIOUS AND TRY TO CLAIM THAT THEY'RE NOT IN THE BUSINESS THAT THEY'RE OBVIOUSLY IN.
>> Reporter: BOSTON ATTORNEY SHANNON LISS-RIORDAN SAYS UBER, THE COMPANY THAT CALLS ITSELF“ EVERYONE'S PRIVATE DRIVER,” IS CLEARLY A CAR-SERVICE.
>> I'VE SEEN IN A NUMBER OF INDUSTRIES COMPANIES PASSING OFF THEIR EXPENSES TO THEIR WKERS SAVING ON LABOR COSTS. DOING REALLY THSAME THING THAT THESE SO-CALLED NEW ECONOMY COMPANIES ARE DOING IN THE CLEANING INDUSTRY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, THE TRUCKING INDUSTRY, THE ADULT ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY, THE CALL CENTER INDUSTRY. YOU KNOW, ONE COMPANY, ONE BIG COMPANY WILL DO IT, AND ALL THE OTHER COMPANIES THINK THAT IT'S OKAY AND THEY'LL GO ALONG WITH IT.
>> Reporter: LISS-RIORDAN HAS FILED A CLASS-ACTION LAWSUIT AGAINST UBER, IN CALIFORNIA, ALLEGING ITS DRIVERS “HAVE BEEN MISCLASSIFIED AS INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS,” WHO SHOULD BE REIMBURSED FOR ALL EXPENSES, INCLUDING “GAS AND MAINTENANCE.” AS EMPLOYEES, DRIVERS WOULD ALSO BE SUBJECTED TO MINIMUM WAGE AND OVERTIME LAWS. THE LEGAL STANDARD TO DETERMINE WHETHER A WORKER IS A CONTRACTOR OR AN EMPLOYEE IS NOT SIMPLE. THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE HAS A 20-POINT TEST. THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LISTS SIX GENERAL FACTORS FOR CONSIDERATION. MANY STATES HAVE THEIR OWN CRITERIA. LISS-RIORDAN SAYS A KEY ISSUE IN THE UBER CASE IS HOW MUCH CONTROL THE COMPANY MAINTAINS OVER ITS DRIVERS.
>> THE EVIDENCE THAT WE HAVE IS THAT WHILE UBER DRIVERS ARE DRIVING FOR UBER THEY ARE SUBJECT TO UBER'S RULES. THEY CAN BE DE-ACTIVATED IF THEY DON'T FOLLOW THEM. THEY CAN BE DE-ACTIVATED IF UBER MANAGEMENT IS UNHAPPY WITH THEM. IF THEIR CUSTOMER RATINGS DIP A LITTLE BIT. THEY'RE SUBJECT TO, THEY'RE SUBJECT TO TERMINATION.
>> Reporter: UBER DECLINED AN INTERVIEW BUT TOLD US IN A STATEMENT: “HOW DRIVERS CONTROL THEIR TIME AND THEIR USE OF THE APP, MAKE CLEAR THAT DRIVERS ARE INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS UNDER TODAY'S STANDARDS.”
>> SEE, I HAVE THE APP ON NOW SEE WHERE THE SURGE PRICING IS.
>> Reporter: RICHARD KRENTCIL DROVE FOR UBER IN NEW JERSEY FOR A YEAR AND A HALF-- A CAREER CHANGE AFTER LOSING HIS JOIN THE FINANCIAL INDUSTRY. KRENTCIL HAD ISSUES WITH UBER- THE APP DOESN'T ALLOW CUSTOMERS TO TIP DRIVERS-- BUT HE LIKED BEING IN CHARGE.
>> THE FLEXIBILITY IS TREMENDOUS. YOU WANT TO GO ON A TRIP FOR A DAY. THERE'S NO ONE SAYING YOU CAN'T DO IT. YOU'RE YOUR OWN PERSON, AND YOU COULD WORK WHEN YOU WANT.
>> Reporter: THAT'S A COMMON SENTIMENT. 87% OF UBER DRIVERS SAY THEY WORK FOR UBER “TO BE MY OWN BOSS AND SET MY OWN SCHEDULE,” ACCORDING TO A SURVEY THE COMPANY COMMISSIONED THIS YEAR. THE COMPANY ALSO POINTS OUT THAT UBER DRIVERS ARE PERMITTED TO ALSO WORK FOR RIVALS LIKE LYFT AND SIDECAR. STILL, ATTORNEY SHANNON LISS- RIORDAN SAYS THAT FLEXIBILITY PROVIDED BY SHARING ECONOMY COMPANIES DOESN'T MEAN TRUE INDEPENDENCE. SHE'S ALSO SUED LYFT, THE CLEANING COMPANY HOMEJOY, AND COURIER SERVICES POSTMATES AND CAVIAR.
>> HERE YOU HAVE ENTIRE COMPANIES THAT ARE BUILDING THEIR BUSINESS MODEL OFF HAVING THE SERVICES THAT THEY PROVIDE BE PROVIDED BY A MASS OF WORKERS WHO THEY WANT TO LABEL AS RUNNING THEIR OWN INDEPENDENT BUSINESSES. AND IT'S JUST NOT TRUE BECAUSE THESE SO-CALLED INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS ARE COMPLETELY DEPENDENT ON THE COMPANY FOR THAT WORK.
>> Reporter: IN JUNE, A CALIFORNIA LABOR COMMISSIONER DECIDED ONE UBER DRIVER SHOULD BE CLASSIFIED AS AN EMPLOYEE A RULING THE COMPANY IS APPEALING. IN LISS-RIORDAN'S CLASS ACTION LAWSUIT, THE JUDGE HAS ALLOWED THE CASE TO PROCEED, WRITING“ WHETHER UBER'S DRIVERS ARE EMPLOYEES OR INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS IS AN ISSUE TO BE DECIDED BY A JURY,” SETTING THE STAGE FOR A LENGTHY COURT BATTLE. THE FIGHT IS NOT JUST IN COURTS; IT'S ALSO ON THE CAMPAIGN TRAIL. DEMOCRAT HILLARY CLINTON HAS SAID SHE WOULD CRACK DOWN ON BOSSES THAT MISCLASSIFY EMPLOYEES AS CONTRACTORS. REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE JEB BUSH HAS MADE A POINT TO RIDE WITH UBER DRIVERS, AND FELLOW REPUBLICAN RAND PAUL TWEETED: “SERVICES LIKE UBER, AIRBNB, AND LYFT STIMULATE OUR ECONOMY AND WORK TOWARDS LOWER PRICES. HOW IS THIS BAD, HILLARY CLINTON?” HOW ITS DRIVERS ARE CLASSIFIED IS NOT THE ONLY BATTLE UBER IS FIGHTING. THE RIDE-SHARING APP HAS BEEN IN CONFLICT WITH EXISTING TAXI FLEETS AND REGULATORS AROUND THE WORLD. JUST AS SHANG ECONOMY COMPANIES UPEND ENTIRE INDUSTRIES, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL PROFESSOR ARUN SUNDARARAJAN ARGUES, WORKER CLASSIFICATIONS NEED TO BE RETHOUGHT ALTOGETHER.
>> WE'RE SORT OF IN A PHASE WHERE THE MODEL OF PROVIDING A FEW HOURS AT A TIME, OR PROVIDING TO MULTIPLE PLATFORMS MAY, IN FACT, BE THE MOST ECONOMICALLY EFFICIENT ONE.
>> Reporter: SUNDARARAJAN BELIEVES TRADITIONAL WORKPLACE BENEFITS, LIKE INSURANCE AND PAID VACATION, SHOULD BE SEPARATED FROM ONE'S EMPLOYER.
>> TO ME, SORT OF THE HUMANE THING ISN'T TO MAKE EVERYBODY A FULL-TIME EMPLOYEE, BUT TO EXTEND THE SAFETY NET TO COVER PEOPLE WHO HAVE ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF WORK.
>> Reporter: INSTACART'S ANDREA SAUL AGREES THAT LAWS MAY NEED TO BE UPDATED.
>> I DO THINK A LOT OF THE TIME THAT PEOPLE ARE TRYING TO FIT A ROUND PEG IN A SQUARE HOLE IN REGARDS TO WHAT THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION LOOKS LIKE THESE DAYS.
>> Reporter: IN THE MEANTIME, INSTACART HAS EXPANDED WHERE ITS SHOPPERS WILL HAVE THE OPTION TO BECOME EMPLOYEES TO SEVEN CITIES- NEARLY HALF ITS LOCATIONS. FACT BE THE OUR LOOK AT THE SHARING ECONOMY CONTINUES NEXT WEEK ON SATURDAY WHEN WE FOCUS ON WHO WINS AND WHO LOSES WHEN YOU RENT OUT YOUR OWN HOME.
>> Sreenivasan: IT WAS 50 YEARS AGO TODAY WHEN BOB DYLAN WENT ELECTRIC AT THE ANNUAL FOLK FESTIVAL, IN NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. IN THE EARLY 1960S, THE INFLUENTIAL SINGER-SONGWRITER MADE HIS MARK WITH TOPICAL SONGS LIKE "THE TIMES, THEY ARE A CHANGIN'” AND “BLOWIN' IN THE WIND”-- SONGS HE SANG WITH AN ACOUSTIC GUITAR AND HARMONICA. BUT AT NEWPORT, IN 1965, DYLAN PLUGGED IN AND STUNNED THE CROWD. HE WAS EVEN BOOED. BUT IT WAS A BREAKTHROUGH FOR ROCK ¡N ROLL. EARLIER I SPOKE WITH BOB LOVE, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF A.A.R.P. THE MAGAZINE. IN MARCH, LOVE CONDUCTED A RARE AND LONG INTERVIEW WITH THE 74- YEAR-OLD DYLAN ABOUT HIS ILLUSTRIOUS CAREER. SO WHAT'S THE BIG DEAL ABOUT PLUGGING IN A GUITAR, HAVING AN ELECTRIC GUITAR ON A STAGE AT A FOLK FESTIVAL?
>> THE FOLK COMMUNITY, THE FOLK ARTISTS THE FOLK APPRECIATORS THOUGHT THAT ROCK 'N' ROLL MUSIC WAS BENEATH THEM, THAT IT WAS POP MUSIC FOR TEENAGED ANGST AND THEY THOUGHT THAT DYLANN WAS TRYING TO SELL OUT. THE FIRST SONG WAS "MAGGIE'S FARM," I AIN'T GONNA WORK ON MAGGIE'S FARM NO MORE. MORE. ♪ A AIN'T GONNA WORK ON MAGGIE'S FARM NO MORE ♪
>> IT WAS SHOCKING FROM TOP TO BOTTOM. HE'S DRESSED LIKE A RHYTHM AND BLUES ARTIST, NOT LIKE THE PROLETARRATE RAGAMUFFIN HE PRESENTED HIMSELF TO THE WORLD FOR, FOR YEARS. THE MUSIC IS LOUD. ♪ I AIN'T GONNA WORK FOR MAGGIE'S MANO MORE ♪
>> ME FOLLOW THAT WITH "LIKE A ROLLING STONE" FULL ROCK BAND, ORGAN PIANO.
>> Sreenivasan: WHICH MOST PEOPLE HAD NEVER HEARD.
>> IT WAS RELEASED AS A SINGLE AND I THINK WENT TO THE TOP 10 PRETTY QUICKLY BUT PEOPLE NOT PAYING ATTENTION TO POPULAR MUSIC MIGHT NOT HAVE HEARD IT. ♪ TAINT HEARD WHEN YOU DISCOVER THAT HE REALLY WASN'T WHERE IT'S AT. ♪ AFTER HE'S TAKEN FROM YOU EVERYTHING HE COULD STEAL. ♪ HOW DOES IT FEEL ♪
>> NOW THESE FOLKS, THE ELDERS OF THE FOLK COMMUNITY HAD EMBRACED DYLANAS THEIR OWN, BUT SOMEBODY FORGOT TO ASK HIM AND HE DID A DIFFERENT POINT OF VIEW ABOUT THAT. HE DIDN'T BELONG TO ANYBODY. HE DIDN'T BELONG TO ANY MOVEMENT. HE DIDN'T WANT TO STAY THAT WAY FOREVER.
>> Sreenivasan: AT THAT TIME ROCK 'N' ROLL WAS IN ITS INFANCY. WE WERE STILL DEFINING WHAT ROCK WAS.
>> SUDDENLY ROCK AND ROLE WAS AWE THENTD INDICATED AS A MEDIUM LARGE ENOUGH IN CAPACITY, FLEXIBLE IN ITS FRAMEWORK TO HOLD SONGS OF THAT KIND OF POWER. ROCK 'N' ROLL KIND OF ARRIVED THAT NIGHT BECAUSE DYLAN AUTHENTICATED IT.
>> Sreenivasan: BOB DYLAN BOB DYLAN BOB DYLAN RETOOLDZ HIMSELF. GIVE OUR AUDIENCE AN IDEA HOW MANY DIFFERENT FACES HE WENT THROUGH.
>> THERE WAS THE INTERPRETER OF THE AMERICAN FOLK TRADITION. AND THEN THERE WAS THE ACLIGHT OUR TORCH BEARER FOR WOODY GUTHRIE, AND THEN THERE WAS WRITING OF HIS OWN TOPICAL SONGS. HE RECREATED HIMSELF AS A RELIGIOUS SINGER COUNTRY AND WESTERN SING EAND MOST RECENTLY WHEN WE SPOKE IT WAS ABOUT HIS IDOLIZING OF FRANK SINATRA AND THE AMERICAN SONG BOOKS STANDARDS WHICH WE JUST ARE LEASED A RECORD THIS YEAR IN THE SPRING.
>> Sreenivasan: INT SEEMS ON THAT NIGHT IN NEWPORT DYLAN WAS BEING DYLAN, AND NOT WHAT EVERYBODY WAS EXPECTING HIM TO BE.
>> HE WAS FOLLOWING HIS MUSE AND INNER VOICE WHICH TOLD HIM NOOG THIS DIRECTION. HE WASN'T WAITING FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE AUDIENCE. AND HE WASN'T SEEKING THE APPROVAL OF THE AUDIENCE. HE WAS BEHAVING THE WAY AN ARTIST BEHAVES.
>> Sreenivasan: IT'S KIND OF THE ESSENCE OF ROCK 'N' ROLL TO CHALLENGE THE CONVENTION, TO DO YOUR OWN THING.
>> ABSOLUTELY. DYLAN IDOLIZED ELVIS AND MARLON BRANDO AND ALL THE REBELLIOUS FIGURES OF THE 1950s AND SUDDENLY STEPPED INTO THEIR BOOTS AND BECAME ONE HIMSELF. ♪ ALL RIGHT MIS LONELY BUT YOU KNOW YOU ONLY USED TO GET JUICED IN IT ♪
>> NOW WE EXPECT OUR ARTISTS TO CHANGE. WE DON'T EXPECT THIM TO STATE SAME.
>> Sreenivasan: DID HE SEEM NOW WHEN YOU MET WITH HIM, IS HE COMFORTABLE IN HIS OWN SKIN?
>> YES. IT'S CALLED THE "NEVER-ENDING TOUR." HE NEVER STOPS TOURING. HE PLAYS SEVERAL HUNDRED DAYS A YEAR. HE TOURS AS A REGULAR MEANS OF EXPRESSION. HE LOVES IT. HE SAYS YOU HAVE TO GO TO WHERE THE PEOPLE ARE. YOU CAN'T EXPECT HEM TO COME TO YOU.
>> Sreenivasan: A PRETTY AMAZING MOMENT IN ROCK HISTORY. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME.
>> YOU'RE WELCOME.
>> Sreenivasan: THE FENDER STRATOCASTER DYLAN PLAYED AT NEWPORT, 1965 SOLD FOR $965,000 IN 2013, A RECORD FOR A GUITAR AT AUCTION. IT'S ON DISPLAY THIS WEEKEND AT THIS YEAR'S FOLK FESTIVAL.
>> THIS IS PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND, SATURDAY.
>> Sreenivasan: HUNDREDS OF MOURNERS SAID GOODBYE TODAY TO SANDRA BLAND, THE 28-YEAR-OLD BLACK WOMAN WHO DIED IN A TEXAS JAIL CELL. THE FUNERAL WAS IN HER HOMETOWN OF LYLE ILLINOIS, A CHICAGO SUBURB. BLAND'S FAMILY IS WAITING FOR RESULTS OF A SECOND, INDEPENDENT AUTOPSY. THE HARRIS COUNTY, TEXAS, MEDICAL EXAMINER HAS RULED BLAND COMMITTED SUICIDE BY HANGING HERSELF. BLAND DIED IN HER JAIL CELL THREE DAYS AFTER A WHITE POLICEMAN PULLED HER OVER FOR FAILING TO SIGNAL A LANE CHANGE AND THEN ARRESTED HER FOR ARGUING ABOUT THE TICKET. THE PENTAGON IS ASKING HEAVILY- ARMED CIVILIANS PATROLLING OUTSIDE MILITARY RECRUITING CENTERS TO LAY DOWN THEIR ARMS AND GO HOME. THE SELF-APPOINTED GUARDS HAVE APPEARED IN AT LEAST FIVE STATES SINCE LAST WEEK'S MASS SHOOTING AT A RESERVE CENTER IN CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE, KILLED FIVE UNARMED SERVICEMEN. ONE CIVILIAN GUARD IS FACING A MISDEMEANOR CRIMINAL CHARGE FOR ACCIDENTALLY DISCHARGING HIS RIFLE THURSDAY IN LANCASTER OHIO. THE ARMY IS ADVISING SERVICE MEMBERS TO CALL LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES, IF THEY FEEL THREATENED. IN EUROPE, THE GOVERNMENT OF MALTA ANNOUNCED IT HAS RESCUED 370 MIGRANTS AT SEA DURING THE PAST FOUR DAYS. THE MIGRANTS, FROM AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST, ARE TRYING TO CROSS THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN FLIMSY BOATS. IN ITALY, ABOUT 800 MIGRANTS STRANDED AT SEA ARRIVED AT PALERMO'S SEA PORT TODAY AFTER BEING RESCUED OFF THE LIBYAN COAST. AT LEAST 1,000 MIGRANTS WHO MADE IT TO GREECE ARE CAMPING OUT IN ATHENS WITH LIMITED ACCESS TO FOOD, WATER, OR MEDICINE. WE'LL HAVE MORE ON THE CRISIS OF MIGRANTS ON THE MEDITERRANEAN TOMORROW ON PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND, WITH THE STORY OF A GROUP OF TUNISIAN FISHERMAN PRESSED INTO SERVICE TO RESCUE REFUGEES AT SEA.
>> Sreenivasan: FINALLY TONIGHT, POLICE IN LOUISIANA ARE THANKING TIP STERS FOR HELPING THEM RECONSTRUCT GUNMAN JOHN RUSSELL HOWSER'S WHEREABOUTS IN THE HOURS BEFORE HE KILLED TWO PEOPLE AND WOUNDED NINE OTHERS INSIDE A LA FATE MOVIE THEATER ON THURSDAY. AND NASA IS RELEASING HIR RESOLUTION COLORFUL IMAGES OF PLUTO. SCIENTISTSSCIENTISTS ARE PARTICULARLY EXCITED ABOUT FINDING FLOWING SHEET OF ICE ON PLUTO'S SURFACE, SIMILAR TO GLACIERS HERE IN EARTH. THE IMAGES SHOWSY PATTERNS GOUGING GRIEWNS INTO THE TERRAIN. I'M HARI SREENIVASAN. THANKS FOR JOINING US.
>> PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY: CORPORATE FUNDING IS PROVIDED BY MUTUAL OF AMERICA-- DESIGNING CUSTOMIZED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RETIREMENT PRODUCTS. THAT'S WHY WE ARE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY: AND BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. Woman narrator: AUDREY HEPBURN... ONE OF THE MOST STYLISH WOMEN THE WORLD HAS EVER SEEN. WON'T YOU JOIN ME? THE EPITOME OF ELEGANCE, SHE BROUGHT A NATURAL EFFORTLESS BEAUTY TO HOLLYWOOD. SOMEONE WITH AUDREY'S LOOKS AND AUDREY'S PARTICULAR PERSONAL BRAND OF CHARM, WAS QUITE EXTRAORDINARY. HOW DO I LOOK? BUT BEHIND THE GLAMOUR WAS A LIFE MARKED BY TRAGEDY AND LOSS. AS A GIRL, AUDREY HAD LIVED THROUGH THE HORRORS OF THE NAZI OCCUPATION OF HOLLAND SURVIVING FAMINE AND MALNUTRITION. THE EXPERIENCE CRUSHED HER DREAM OF BECOMING A DANCER. THIS, ALONG WITH HER LIFELONG SEARCH FOR LOVE AS AN ADULT, AND HER YEARNING AGAINST THE ODDS TO BE A MOTHER, WOULD GIVE HER A PROFOUND SE
- Series
- PBS NewsHour Weekend
- Producing Organization
- NewsHour Productions
- Contributing Organization
- Internet Archive (San Francisco, California)
- AAPB ID
- cpb-aacip/525-4b2x34nm9f
If you have more information about this item than what is given here, or if you have concerns about this record, we want to know! Contact us, indicating the AAPB ID (cpb-aacip/525-4b2x34nm9f).
- Description
- Description
- No description available
- Date
- 2015-07-26
- Media type
- Moving Image
- Duration
- 00:31:00
- Credits
-
-
Producing Organization: NewsHour Productions
- AAPB Contributor Holdings
-
Internet Archive
Identifier: KQED_20150726_003000_PBS_NewsHour_Weekend (Internet Archive)
Duration: 00:31:00
If you have a copy of this asset and would like us to add it to our catalog, please contact us.
- Citations
- Chicago: “PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : July 25, 2015 5:30pm-6:01pm PDT,” 2015-07-26, Internet Archive, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC, accessed January 1, 2025, http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-525-4b2x34nm9f.
- MLA: “PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : July 25, 2015 5:30pm-6:01pm PDT.” 2015-07-26. Internet Archive, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC. Web. January 1, 2025. <http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-525-4b2x34nm9f>.
- APA: PBS NewsHour Weekend; PBS NewsHour Weekend : KQED : July 25, 2015 5:30pm-6:01pm PDT. Boston, MA: Internet Archive, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-525-4b2x34nm9f